Rembrandt Wireless
`Ex. 2021
`Apple Inc. v. Rembrandt Wireless Technologies, LP, IPR2020-00034
`Page 1 of 9
`
`

`

`First edition pfllished in 1989 as Data and Computer Communications
`Copyright (9 199571996, -l99.8.by.,]ohn Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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`by any means, electronic. mechanical, photocopying. recording, scanning or otherwise, except under the terms of the Copyright,
`Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court
`Road, London WIP 91-11%, UK. without the permission in writing of the Publisher.
`
`0 471 97517 6 (pbk)
`
`
`
`British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
`
`A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
`
`ISBN 0 471# 97516 8;
`
`

`

`ACF/NCP
`
`ACF/NCP In IBM’s VTAM, Advanced Com-
`munications Function for the Network Control
`
`Program.
`
`ACF/SSP In IBM’s VTAM, Advanced Com-
`munications Function for the System Support
`Programs. Synonym for SSP.
`
`ACE/TAP In IBM‘s VTAM, Advanced..Com-
`munications Function for the Trace Analysis
`Program. Synonym for TAP.
`
`ACF/I‘CAM In IBM’s VTAM, Advanced Com-
`munications Function for the Telecommunica-
`tions Access Method.
`
`ACF/VTAM In IBM’s VTAM, Advanced Com-
`munications Function for the Virtual Telecom-
`munications Access Method.
`
`IBM‘s
`ACF/VTAM application program In
`VTAM, a program that has opened an ACE to
`identify itself to ACF/VTAM and can now issue
`ACFNTAM macro instructions.
`
`ACFIVTAM definition In IBM’s VTAM,
`
`the
`
`process of defining the user application network
`to ACF/VTAM and modifying IBM-defined
`characteristics to suit the needs of the user.
`
`ACF/VTAM definition library In IBM’s VTAM,
`the operating system files or data sets that contain
`the definition statements and start options filed
`during ACF/VTAM definition.
`
`ACF/VTAM operator A person or program
`authorized to issue ACF/VTAM operator com-
`mands.
`
`ACF/VTAM operator command A command
`used to monitor or control an ACF/VTAM
`domain.
`
`ACF/VTAME In IBM’s VTAM, Advanced Com-
`munications Function for the Virtual Telecom-
`munications Access Method Entry.
`
`ACI Access Control Information.
`
`
`.0 ll'fl'dLCKféttlfattthebprw-iousytransnussi
`
`block was correctlyww genociver
`rszre.
`toaccept the next. block. Also used as
`a ready reply in othercommunications proto-
`'c'ols, such as Hewlett-Packard’s ENQ/‘ACK‘ pro-
`tocol (see following diagram)and the ETXIACK
`method of flow antral.
`
`
`
`
`------ ENo-———----------+L
`HP3000
`
`K...... ACK _______________ {Termmln_a|
`l
`
`ENQ/ACK protocol diagram
`
`ACM Association for Computing Machinery.
`
`ACOC Area Communications Operations Center.
`
`ACOnet Akademisches COmputer NEtz, a re-
`search network in Austria.
`
`ACONSOLE The name of a Novell NetWare 3.x
`
`utility program that allows a network supervisor
`to access a server via a modem connection and
`
`manage that server as if the user was at
`server’s console.
`
`the
`
`Acorn A trademark of AT&T for a network
`control system.
`
`acoustic coupler A device that converts electrical
`signals into audio signals, enabling data to be
`transmitted over the public telephone network
`via a conventional
`telephone handset;
`it also
`converts the audio signals back into electrical
`signals at the receiving end. A kind of modem.
`
`ACP Advanced Communications Package.
`
`ACP Allied Communication Publication.
`
`the operation in
`1. In IBM’s VTAM,
`acquire
`which an authorized ACF/VTAM application
`program initiates and establishes a session with
`another logical unit; the application program acts
`as the primary end of the session. Note. The
`acquire process causes an Initiate request to be
`sent
`to the SSCP which causes the SSCP to
`
`return a CINIT request to the application pro-
`gram (the PLU); this in turn causes the PLU to
`send a BIND request to the SLU. Contrast with
`Accept. 2. In relation to ACFNTAM resource
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`
`
`marker
`
`condition. 2. In data communications. a mark
`represents a binary I; the steady-state, no-traffic
`state for asynchronous transmission. 3. The idle
`condition. 4. In the context of the virtual termi-
`nal, a mark is a signal inserted into an output
`data stream by the virtual terminal, to acknowl-
`edge that an attention or interrupt input signal
`has been received.
`
`marker The common control device for a cross-
`bar switch.
`
`marker tape A tape laid parallel to a conductor
`under the jacket in a cable. The tape is printed
`with the name of the manufacturer and specifi-
`cations about the cable.
`
`mark-hold The normal no-traffic line condition
`
`whereby a steady mark is transmitted.
`
`Markov constraint A constraint on the routing
`method according to which the future route of a
`packet is independent of its past history. such as
`its source or its route so far. This constraint is
`
`implied by directory routing.
`
`mark-to-space transition The transition, or swit-
`ching from a marking impulse to a spacing
`impulse.
`
`MarkV‘Lsion The name of a software product built
`into some IBM laser printers which enables
`remote NetWare users to configure and monitor
`the status of the printer.
`
`MARS Military Affiliate Radio System.
`
`Marquis The name of a PC Card from Motorola
`of Schaumberg, IL that provides 28.8 kbps of
`data and fax communications, and functions as a
`
`10Mbps Ethernet adaptor.
`
`MASER (Microwave Amplification by Simulated
`Emission of Radiation) A device that gener—
`ates signals in the microwave range, with low-
`noise characteristics.
`
`Pattern of bits (ls or Os) specified by the
`mask
`user that can be used with the trap mode of a
`communications test set.
`
`326
`
`
`
`masking A method of transforming one set of
`data into another while blocking or excluding
`some data from this process on the basis of code
`patterns or position.
`
`master antenna system A coaxial cable distribu—
`tion system which provides television to apart-
`ments, hotel rooms, hospitals and schools.
`
`master boot infector A virus that overwrites or
`replaces the master boot record of a physical
`drive.
`
`master clock The source of timing signals, or the
`signals themselves, which all network stations
`use for synchronization.
`
`In IBM’s SNA, a cryp—
`master cryptography key
`tographic key used to encipher operational keys
`that will be used at a node.
`
`master group In Frequency Division Multiplex-
`ing (FDM). an assembly of 10 supergroups
`occupying adjacent bands in the transmission
`spectrum for purposes of simultaneous modula-
`tion and demodulation.
`
`the
`system.
`master modem In a multipoint
`modem that transmits constantly in the outbound ,
`direction. Usually the modem at the central site.
`In a multitier system,
`the term represents
`remote master, or a master modem that is no
`located at the central site.
`
`1. In multipoint circuits, the uni
`master station
`which controls/polls the nodes. 2. In point-t
`point circuits, the unit which controls the Sim!
`station. 3.
`In LAN technology,
`the unit on
`token-passing ring that allows recovery {1'0
`error conditions, such as lost, busy, or duplica
`tokens; a monitor station.
`
`MATE An asynchronous communications 50fl
`ware program from Concept Automation
`operates on Data General MV computers.
`mathematical model A mathematical descripd°
`or approximation of some real event.
`matrix In switch technology, that portion 0f
`switch architecture where any input leads
`any output leads meet.
`
`Rembrandt Wireless
`
`

`

`
`
`|
`
`U!0
`
`ABCDEFGHIJKLMOP
`Freq uency (Hz)
`
`A = 140.625 Hz
`B = 390.625
`C = 640.625
`D = 890.625
`
`E =1140.625 Hz
`F = 1390.625
`G = 1640.625
`H = 1890.625
`
`I = 2140.625 Hz
`J = 2390.625
`K = 2640.625
`L 2 2890.625
`P/AR test measurement
`
`peak Iimitcr
`
`Time (ms)
`
`M = 3140.625 Hz
`N = 3390.625
`0 = 3640.625
`P = 3890.625
`
` percent break
`Amplitude(dB)L(L)r'uLooooo
`
`
`
`401
`
`normal steady interferences or impairments on
`a channel such as non—linear distortion, noise,
`and phase jitter. The measurement
`technique
`employs the signal
`transmission of a complex
`frequency spectrum. The receiver of the analog
`test set performs a calculation based on the
`charges to the original signal and generates a
`value of measurement called P/AR units. A
`P/AR value of 100 would indicate a channel
`with excellent fidelity; however, 75 is more of a
`practical reading to expect on a fairly good line.
`
`pedestal A device, usually mounted on a floor,
`used to house voice or data jacks, or power
`outlets at the point of use.
`
`PEEK A trademark of Computronics of Addison.
`IL, as well as a temtinal monitor program from
`that vendor which operates on Prime computers.
`peer
`In a communications environment. a device
`that
`is considered to be equal
`to another
`device with respect
`to their communications
`capabilities.
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`In IBM's VTAM, the state
`pending active session
`ofan LU-LU session recorded by the SSCP when
`it finds both LUs available and has sent a CINIT
`
`request to the primary logical unit (PLU) of the
`requested session.
`
`local area net-
`penetration tap In an Ethernet
`work, a penetration tap is a device used to con-
`
`ncct a transceiver to the bus without requiring
`that
`the bus transmission be interrupted for the
`installation of fittings. This is accomplished by
`the use of a needle—like device which penetrates
`the insulation of the coaxial cable bus to reach
`the center of the coax conductor.
`
`PentaScanner A trademark of Microtest. Inc. of
`Phoenix, AZ, as well as the name of a cable
`tester from that vendor.
`
`Pentium The name of an Intel microprocessor
`that operates on data internally, 64 bits at a time.
`
`Pentium Pro The name of the Intel micropro-
`cessor designed as a successor to the vendor’s
`Pentium microprocessor.
`
`PEP 1. Packetized Ensemble Protocol. 2. Partitio-
`
`ned Emulation Program.
`Power.
`
`3. Peak Envelope
`
`percent break The ratio of the open circuit time
`to the sum of the open and closed circuit times
`
`
`
`peer-to-peer A network in which two or more sta-
`uons can communicate with each other without
`
`first routing data to a server.
`
`P02 count The number of calls made or received
`
`in a specific time period.
`
`I’EM Privacy Enhanced Mail.
`
`
`

`

`polarity
`
`is represented by direct current flowing in one
`direction and the spacing signal
`is represented
`by an equal current flowing in the opposite direc-
`tion. By extension to tone signaling, polar trans—’
`mission is a method of transmission employing
`three distinct states, two to represent a mark and
`a space and one to represent the absence of a
`signal. Also called bipolar.
`
`polarity Any condition in which. there are two
`opposing voltage levels or charges, such as
`positive and negative.
`
`1. A characteristic of electromag-
`polarization
`netic radiation that occurs when the electric-field
`
`vector of the energy wave is perpendicular to
`the main direction of the electromagnetic beam.
`2. The directional aspects of a signal. A signal
`can have a circular or planar polarization.
`
`acetate,
`polarizer Material made of polymer
`incorporating iodide molecules, which allows
`scattered light
`to enter one pane on a liquid-
`crystal display.
`
`Policy Management Architecture (PMA) A net—
`working architecture developed by NetManage
`of Cupertino, CA, which enables mission-critical
`applications and multimedia tools to run on exist-
`ing IP-based intranets.
`
`Policy Management Architecture (PMA) A tool
`from NetManage Corporation of Cupertino, CA,
`which enables network managers and third-party
`developers to create modules that control
`the
`manner by which desktops use TCP/lP-based
`applications. A PMA capability is included in the
`vendor’s Chameleon TCP/IP application suite.
`@Wwy 'wl‘ch
`~ 9 p teaasksla
`termma a
`iaedfihlfififififlhfllzysfi
`WW foe-theigmputher.
`poll character A unique character or sequence
`sent by the main computer to a device to check
`for availability for sending and receiving data.
`
`polling A means of controlling terminals on a
`multipoint
`line. The computer, acting as
`the
`master station, sends a message to each terminal
`
`412
`
`polling list The order in which stations are po
`and maintained in a list associated with e
`channel. A line polling list can also be use
`provide priority in line service.
`
`polyethylene A family of insulating materi'
`derived from polymerization of ethylene gas,
`provide good dielectric properties.
`
`polymorphic virus A virus that completely in '
`fies its appearance each time it infects a comp
`program.
`
`Poly-STAR Terminal emulation software fr
`Polygon, Inc., of St Louis, MO, which cna
`an IBM PC or compatible personal comp
`to communicate with any Digital Equipm
`Co. VAX or other ASCII host computers.
`
`Poly-STAR1240 Terminal emulation software f
`Polygon,
`Inc., which make a personal cr
`puter operate as a Digital Equipment Corporat
`(DEC) VT24O terminal.
`
`PolyVinyl Chloride (PVC) A flame-retard
`thermoplastic insulation material
`that
`is co
`monly used in the jackets of building cables.
`
`P0? 1. Point Of Presence. 2. Post Office Pro
`col.
`
`PopNet A trademark of LAN shark Systems, I
`of Reynoldsburg, OH. as well as the name
`a memory-resident program leader from
`vendor which operates on a VINES server.
`
`port A computer interface capable of attach'
`to a modem for communicating with a ram
`terminal;
`the logical entrance and exit throu
`which data traffic flows
`into and out or
`network.
`
`
`
`in turn saying, “Terminal A: have you anyth
`to send?" If not, “Terminal B: have you anym
`to send?" and so on. Each such message is ca
`a poll.
`
`polling delay The elapsed time between suc ,
`sive polls to a given station which becomes '
`maximum delay after an operator is ready to s
`before transmission actually takes place.
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`skywave
`
`skywave The portion of a wave that travels to the
`ionosphere and is reflected or refracted back to
`the earth.
`
`slab on grade A concrete floor installed directly
`on the earth, without a basement or crawl space.
`
`slamming The process of unauthorized switching
`of a subscriber from one long distance carrier to
`another.
`
`SLAR Side—Looking Airborne Radar.
`slave A called unit under the control of commands
`
`control. Nominally equal to twice the propag
`tion delay.
`
`slotted ALOHA A packet broadcast system [i
`ALOHA in which packets are timed to arrive .-
`the center in regular time slots. synchronized f
`all stations.
`
`slotted frame A frame of information which
`
`shared by two or more stations by dividing tl
`frame into equal parts. This technology is us
`by many TDMs and on some LANs with m
`topologies.
`
`the unit
`
`slotted ring A ring-based network that uses slo
`as the method for gaining access to the media
`
`SLS Signaling Link Selection.
`
`Laser
`
`Communications
`
`SLU Secondary Logical Unit.
`
`.
`
`
`
`and signals from a master (calling) unit.
`
`In point-to-point Circuits,
`slave station
`controlled by the master station.
`SLC Submarine Laser Communications.
`
`SLCSAT Submarine
`SATellites.
`
`SLIC Subscriber Line Interface Card.
`
`slicing level A voltage or current level of a digital
`signal where a one or zero bit can be determined
`or not. Also threshold.
`
`slip A defect in timing that caused a single bit or
`a sequence of bits to be omitted or read twice.
`Slips are primarily caused by improper synchro-
`nization resulting from wander and improper dis—
`tribution of the network reference frequency.
`
`SLIP Serial Line 1P.
`
`SLM System Logic Module.
`slot
`1. A unit of time in a TDM frame where a
`sub-channel bit or character is carried. 2. Basic
`
`information unit (an 18-bit pattern) sent on an
`IBM 3600 System Loop. Specifies a command,
`data, or a sync pattern. 3. A numbered division
`of an equipment rack or shelf into which an
`electronic card is inserted.
`
`slot sharing A procedure by which more than one
`terminal may contend for the same slot thereby
`increasing the number of terminals that may be
`attached an IBM System 3600 Loop.
`
`time A local network parameter that des-
`slot
`cribes the contention behavior of a media access
`
`500
`
`SL/l
`
`A PBX manufactured by Northern ’I‘eleco
`
`SM 1. Statistical Multiplexer. 2. Switching Mo
`ule. 3. System Management. 4. Service Modu
`
`SMA Search Mode Acquisition.
`
`SMAE Systems Management Application Entit
`
`"
`Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)
`industry standard interface for connecting peri
`heral devices and their controllers to a mic ’
`
`processor. The SCSI interface defines both ha -
`ware and software standards for communicati 1
`
`between a host computer and a peripheral.
`
`Small~Scale Integration (SSI) A term used
`describe a multifunction semiconductor dev'
`
`.
`with a sparse density (10 circuits or less)
`electronic circuitry contained on a single Silic'
`chip.
`'
`
`SMAP Systems Management Application Procc
`
`smart terminal A smart terminal has semicol-
`uctor—based memory.
`Its
`features include I:
`ability to be polled to store data in blockS.
`-
`'
`to perform error checking. Functions such _
`editing can be perfomied on a smart tenni
`but specific capabilities are built into the termi .:
`and cannot be changed A smart terminal is
`user- programmable.
`
`
`
`
`
`

`

`385
`
`inal
`rials
`
`'aph
`nals
`the
`
`inel
`
`rice
`
`:ion
`lets
`
`'WO
`
`to
`its
`
`ing
`ion
`
`i
`I
`i
`
`.
`
`‘
`
`'
`
`the fiber so that its movement is limited. Tight
`buffers are commonly used in patch cords and
`other locations where a cable is likely to be
`moved or shaken.
`tightly coupled A term used to describe the
`interrelationship of processing units that share
`real storage and are controlled by the same
`control program.
`
`tilt The difference between insertion losses. Sig-
`nals at higher frequencies weaken more dramat-
`ically than signals at lower frequencies.
`TIM Test Interface Module.
`
`timbre of sound A term used to express the
`quality of a particular sound which helps to
`identify the object, instrument, or person that is
`its source.
`
`'Iime Assignment Speech Interpolation (TASI)
`A technique for making trunk circuits more
`efficient by combining portions of conversations
`on the same circuit. This technique makes use
`of the fact that typical conversations have quiet
`periods during which the circuit can be used for
`other conversations.
`
`time bomb A destructive program that remains
`until a predefined event or time triggers its
`operation.
`
`Time division
`multiplexer
`
`time division multiplexers (TDMs)
`
`time call A call between two subscribers. where
`the called subscriber is within the caller’s area
`code but outside the caller’s free calling area.
`Time Compression Multiplexing (TCM) A dig-
`ital
`transmission technique that permits full-
`duplex data transmission by sending compressed
`bursts of data in an alternating 0r "ping-pong”
`fashion.
`
`Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) Refers
`to a form of multiple access where a single car-
`rier is time shared by many users. Signals from
`earth stations reaching the satellite consecutively
`are processed in time segments without overlap~
`ping.
`
`Itit) percent
`time division multiplexers (TDMs)
`digital, dividing high-speed digital channels,
`such as a modem RS-232C output,
`into digi-
`tal subchannels. TDMs either hit-interleave or
`character-interleave data.
`Bit-interleaving is used primarily for syn-
`chronous multiplexing of protocols
`(Bisync,
`HDLC. X25. SDLC, etc.) Bit~interleaving mnin-
`tains the order and number of bits from input at
`one end of the channel to output at the other end.
`Synchronous protocols require maintaining the
`number and order of bits in each clock to ensure
`
`Time division
`multiplexer
`
`Low
`speed
`
`channels
`
`Low
`speed
`channeb
`
`Bits or characters are inter leaved:
`
`Channel 1
`Channel 2
`//‘:’\\: Channel 3
`C C et.
`2 Ca 0‘ Cl C2
`3 “Xe/r Channal4
`
`‘
`
`Channel 1
`C
`0‘ CZ
`Channelze
`Channel 3 \/
`Channel 4
`
`3 C‘ C‘
`
`C
`
`lime division multiplexers (TOMS)
`
`543
`
`
`
`

`

`
`
`
`
`test your knowledge right now! ,
`
`If you have difficulty answering
`(he fol/owing make an
`investment in this dictionary!
`
`.
`
`‘
`I
`
`. What is the difference between lPARS and nitric7
`Can you identify the use oi 40 lite extensions?
`Whatis the client of a delay vector on a packet switching network?
`
`Wnat is a tilue alarm?
`
`l
`
`.
`
`How is a ground loop used?
`What IS the structure at the Global Netting Tree?
`How do you use alternate access codes to bypass your assigned long
`distance carrier?
`
`00 you know what a killer channel is?
`Can you identity the use at different wire colors on the 50-pin punch
`down block?
`What are KEYview and KickSTART and who holds the trademark lor each?
`
`dictionary of
`
`communications
`technology
`
`l
`‘
`
`l
`
`i
`
`Here lo an Invaluable one-stop reterence for Is professionals, consultants
`and engineers. Wider ranging than a conventional dictionary, it enables you
`to check exact specifications, definltlone‘, characteristics. options,-relay
`diagrams. paths, alignments, sources. codes, events. tables, sequences.
`tradenames, methods, and numerous other vital tact; that can spell
`disaster it misinterpreted or incorrectly specified.
`In an area of technology where so many things can go wrong (and usually do) this bestselling
`reierence encourages maximum accuracy. Jorn the thousands already using this essential tool.
`
`
`
`and over 20 major
`international corporations
`(from AT&T to DEC) have
`contributed to the accuracy
`
`of this authoritative dictionary.
`
`/
`
`
`
`ISBN 978—0-471-97516-8
`9 0 0 0 0
`
`‘
`
`l
`
`5 6 8
`9 780471 97 1
`
`