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`Merriam? »
`Webster’s
`Collegiate
`‘ Dictionary
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`
`
`New Ways to Find
`[C
`I the Words You NeedToday|
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`AN ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA® COMPANY
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`A GENUINE‘MERRIAM-WEBSTER
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`Copyright © 2012 by Merriam-Webster. Incorporated
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`Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
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`Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary. —— Eleventh ed.
`p.
`cm.
`Includes index.
`ISBN 978-0-87779-807-L (Laminated unindexed : alk. paper)
`ISBN 978-0-87779-808-8
`(Jacketed hardcover unindexcd : alk. paper)
`ISBN 978-0-87779—809-5
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`ISBN 978-0-87779-810-1
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`ISBN 978-0-87779—813-2
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`ISBN 978-0-87779-814-9
`(lntcmational)
`1. English language—Dictionaries. I. Title: Collegiate dictionary. 1]. Merriam-
`Webster, Inc.
`PE1628.M36
`423—dc21
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`2003
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`2003003674
`CIP
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`Merriam-Webster's Collegiate” Dictionary. Eleventh Edition. principal copyright
`2003
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`ften violence and_\vasteful diffusion of emotion (apassr'onafe de-
`qumon), AItDBNT implies an intense degree of zeal, devotion. or
`“n0 “5., (an ardent supporter of human rights). FERYENT stresses
`P'Ms-y and steadiness of emotional warmth or zeal (fervent good
`9“?) FERVTD suggests warmly and spontaneously and often fever-
`.‘ex'pmscd emotion (fervid love letters). PERFERVID implies the
`-
`rlotism .
`:2an of exaggerated or overwrought feelings (pedervid expres-
`”figtegwaimdpa-sifl adj .(1605)
`1 a archaic : unsusceptible to
`.
`D : unsusoepriblc to phystcal feeling : marinara”: c :_unsuscep~
`to or destitute of emotion : APATHETIC 2 : givrng no Sign of feel.
`- o(emotion : EXTRESSIONLESS — im-pas-sive-ly adv — im-pasr
`F‘ .ness n —— im-pas-slv-l-ty \.im-.pa-'sI-va-tt':\ n
`igyn NPASSIVE. srotc. rrthoMAnc. APATHETfC. stout) mean unre-
`Waive to something that might normally exctte interest or emotion,
`lmmtvt-L stresses the absence of any external sign of emotion in no
`law“ facial expression (met the news with an impart-ire look). srorc
`lhipies an apparent indifference to.pleasurc or esp. to pain often as 8
`wilt! of principle 01' Self-QISCIpiine (was resolutely stow even |n ad-
`.muy). ritLiaoMx-nc implies a temperament or constitution hard to
`"0mg (.1 phlegmanc man unmoved by tears). APATHETlC may imply
`, .
`ing or deplorable indifference or incnncss (chantabie appeals
`‘ mi in apathetic response). 510”!) implies a habitual absence of in-
`7mm. responsiveness, or curiosity (slofid worker's wedded to rou-
`
`1:3?” \im-‘pist\ Vt Ut I'mpaslare. fr. irr- (fr. L) + pasta paste. fr. LL]
`"516)an : to make in_to a paste or crust
`apes-to \irn-‘pas~(l.)to. -'p§s:\ n. pl -toa [lt. fr. (InpaslareJ (17d4)
`1
`int: thick applxzation of a pigment to a canvas or panel in painting:
`.tlttt : the body of pigment so applied 2 : raised decoration on ccnrniL
`.nrt usu. of slip or enamel — tm-pas-toed \-(,)t6d\ adj
`Iln-na-Iience \(i)ini-‘p§<shan(t)s\ It (Be) : the quality or state of being
`l‘
`1an
`:im-lien: \irnv'pi'i-shanz. -sliari(t)s\ n [N]... fr. L. impatient] (1785)
`1111)’ of a widely distributed genus (Impatiens of the family Balsami.
`lame) of annual or perennial herbs with irregular spurred or saccatc
`i trim and forcefully dehiscent capsules — compare TOUCH—ME-NOT
`linvpa-tient \(.)lm-'pi-sliarit\ adj [ME impacr'enf. fr. AF impacient, fr. L
`,inparizni-, impatiens. fr. in- + palierih pan'ens patient] (140)
`1 a : not
`i patient: restless or short of tcrnper esp. under irritation. delay. or op-
`, impinnce an ~ rcp y
`: eager y
`esrrous :
`' ~ 0 set
`! Mitten bi INTOLERANTI> t é~ of dellayj) _2 : promgg‘o; mark'ed by
`| lame)— im-pa-tient-ly adv
`{.511an \iiznr'pon. -'piri\ vi (1567) archaic : to put in pawn : PLEDGE
`"‘{nfl- Impede. prosecute. fr. LL inrpedr'care to fetter. fr. L iu- 4
`III-Death \im-'pEch\ v1 [ME empcclien, fr. AF enipecher, enpechier to
`Mafcisntion againsl
`:
`to charge wit I a crime or
`this erricanor.
`Nlitafetler. fr.ped-, peg foot -— more atlFOOT] (14c)
`1 ad: to bring
`VW: to charge (a public official) before a competent tribunal with
`' finerduetin office c : to remove from office esp. for misconduct
`2
`Joust doubt on: esp : to challenge the credibility or validity of (~
`1)! testimony of a witness) — im-peach-able \-'p€-clia-bal\ adj —
`match-mam \-'péch-mant\ n
`h Ichrr (1590) obi : cannon. [MPBACMMENT
`"Merl \im-‘p9r(—a)l\ v! [ME enperlen. fr. en- + perle pearl] (lSc) : to
`“mm" Marisa/:0 2 to form of oi adorn with pearls
`retina-hie \(.)im-'pek-:-bal\ adj [L impeccabilis, fr. in- + peccare to
`3'11““)
`1 : not capable of sinning or liable to sin
`2 : free frorii
`“
`‘
`-
`I- o— 6 I1 — m-pec-ca-
`y - pe- a- e\ at
`,
`I: faithful :\FLA\VILESS (spokti’i-v\lfrenlch)bl— intvpec-ca-bil-i-ty
`fififlinious \.im-pi:'kyii-nyas. -né:as\ adj [‘in- + obs. E pecuniau:
`ihiii' 15, fr. Lpecumoeus, fr.pecuma Inoney — more at FEB] (1596)
`"14$?er little or no money usu. habitually : PENMLESS — lm-pe-
`”*"fl‘lolg l\{élgyéu-nt‘r'a'-so.tt':\ n — 1m-pe-cu-nlous-ly udv — Im-
`- pe-d’n(t)s\ II (1886) ; something that impedes : um-
`h”d.ance '“m .
`."
`.
`.
`23:“?- aS a :the apparent opposition in an electrical circuit to the
`"in: 3“ alistnrating current that is analogous to the actual electrical
`”he"? to a direct current and that is the ratio_ of effective electro-
`muorcelto the effective current b : the ratio of the pressure to
`film "19 displacement at a given surface in a sound-transmitting me-
`h-
`.
`urge \im-'péd\ vi im-pedoed; im-ped-lng [L impedire, fr.
`in- +
`”it!” {00‘ — more at Poor] (en. 1595 : to interfere with orslow the
`Med? Of SW; see BINDER — im-pe -er n
`'1‘
`.
`“Plan 3m")! \Im—‘pe-da-mant\ l'l (He)
`1 : something that impedes;
`.
`lmDilnncnt (as a stutter or a lisp) that interferes with the prop.
`.Utalrlifglfat:&n1°r5p°?°h 2 : a bar or hindrance (as lack of sufficient
`“fled. 'menu marriage
`‘Rdi
`-ta.\(.)im—.pc~da"men—to\ ll pl [L. pl. of impcdt'menlum
`.
`impe e
`hmmcgtimfr‘. "ne’edird (1600)
`1 : APPURTENANCES, EQUIPMENT
`filial-hen v! im-pelled; im-peI-itng [ME fitment", fr. r. impel-
`fi‘:k'xfa'
`1» pal/ere to drive — more at FELT] (15c)
`1 : to urge or
`170ch "d 9" on by or as if bythe exertion of strong moral pressure
`gm,“ (felt impelled to correct the misconception)
`2 : to impart
`h‘Del-Ie? - PROPEL syn see MOVE
`inroto like lm-peI-lor \im-‘pe-lar\ n (1685)
`1 : one that impel:
`2
`.9
`.
`from: coated in a conduit to impart motion to a fluid b : a blade
`0:3: \lmJPCnd\ vi [L impendire, fr. in- + pendére to hang — more
`-£’°uttom] (1585) ‘1 a : to hover ihreateningly: MENACE b : to he
`”Den.dDCCur. (the impending trial) 2 archaic : to hang suspended
`"0t
`921 \im-‘pen-d:nt\ adj (1590) : being near at hand : AP-
`w “-é‘ra'pll'i'lv\(.)im-.pe-n:i-tra-'bi-i:i-té\ n (1653)
`1 : the inabil-
`. tn,e
`P9nlons of matter to occupy the same space at the same time
`mum‘y’ahty’or state of being impenetrable
`m'ga' 1e \(_.)im-'pe-no—tr9-bal\ adi [ME impenen’abel. fr. MF
`1
`z in? ’9. fr. L inwenenrabilis. fr. i'n- +penetrabilis penetrable] (15c)
`lhowkd‘ap‘blc of being penetrated or pierced b : inaccessible to
`rompmhfic- reason. or sympathy : [MPERVIOUS 2 : incapable of being
`"I
`d :INSCRUIABLE —— im-petw-tra-hiv \-i;:§\ adv
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` 623
`impassive e impermanently
`imcpen-i-tence \(i)im-'pe-na-tan(t)s\ n (1595) : the quality or state of
`being impenitent
`lm-pen~l-tent \-tont\ adi [ME fr. LL impaenilenr-, inipaenilens. fr. L in-
`y a v
`fpajm'tentq pocm'rcm penitent] (15c) : no't penitent — Im~pon-i-tent-
`‘Im-per-a-tive \irn-‘per-a~tiv. —'pe~ra-\ adj [ME fmperalyf. fr. LL impera»
`n'vus,
`fr. L imperalus. pp. of fmperare to command — more at
`EMI‘EROR] (15c)
`1 II : of. relating to. or constituting the grammatical
`mood that expresses the will to influence the behavior of another b
`: expressive of a command. entrcaty. or exhortation c : having power
`to restrain. control. and direct 2 : not to be avoided or evaded : NEC-
`ESSARY (an ~ duty)
`syn scc ams‘rran-‘ut. ~— im-per-a-tive-Iy adv —-
`lm-per-a-tive-ness n
`”imperative n (1530)
`1 z the imperative mood or a verb form or verbal
`phrase expressing it
`2 : something that is imperative: as a : COM-
`MAND.oru>rm b : RULE. cum: c : an obligatory act or duty d i an
`imperative judgment or proposition
`im-pe-ra-tor \.im-pa-'rti-tar. -.tor\ n [L — more at EMPEROR] (ca. 1580)
`: a commander in chief or emperor of the ancient Romans -— im-per-
`a-to~rl-al \(.)im-.per-a-‘tbr-é-al\ adj
`Im-per-ceiv-able \,im-p:r-'sé-va-bal\ adj (ca. 1617) archaic :
`littPEit-
`cnr‘rmu:
`im-per-cep-tlcble \im-paszep-to-ban adj [ME fr. MF. fr. ML imper-
`eepribr‘lrk, fr. L in- -r LLperecpribiIi: perceptible] (15c) : not perceptible
`by a sense or by the mind : extremely slight. gradual. or subtle (~ dif-
`fcrcnces) — Im-per-cep-tl-bly \-'scp-ta-blé\ adv
`im-per-cep-tlve \.im-p:r-'sep-tiv\ adj (1661) : not perceptive (an ~
`. reader) — imiperocep-tive-ness n
`irripcreeptive — lm-per-clp- -ent \-arit\ adj
`Im-per-cip-l-ence \-'si-pé-an$t)s\ n (1891) : the quality or state of being
`1impart :1be 1 imperfect 2 imperforate
`im-per-foct \(.)im-‘par-fik1\ adj [altcn of ME r'mparflt, fr. L r'mperfeclrrs,
`fr. in- + perfecfus perfect] (14c)
`1 :not perfect: as a : DEFECTIVE
`old/lower : having stamens or pistiis but not both is : lacking or not
`involving sexual reproduction (the ~ stage of a fungus) 2 I of. relat-
`ing to. or constituting a verb tense used to designate a continuing state
`or an incomplete action esp. in the past 3 : not enforceable at law —
`: lm-per-teet-ly \-fik(t)-te\ adv —— im-per-fect-ness \-fi1t(t)-nas\ n
`imperfect n (1871) : an imperfect tense: also : the verb form expressing
`it
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`perfecti syn.
`cutcromycctes) of which only the conidial stage is
`imperfect fun%us 11 (ca. 1895) : any of various fungi (order Fungi Im-
`known
`lm-per'fec-tion \.irii-par-'fck-slian\ it (He) : the quality or state of be-
`ing imperfect; also : FAULT, BLEMISH
`lmoper-fec-tlve \.irn-par-'fck-tiv\ adj (1887) ofa verb farm or rupee!
`: expressing action as incomplete or without reference to completion
`or as reiterated — compare PBRFECH’VE -— lmperfective u
`im-per-fo-rate \(.)im-'par-f(a-)rat. -fa-.r€it\ adj (1673)
`l
`: having no
`Opening or aperture; specif: lacking the usual or normal opening 2 of
`1 a stamp or a sheet ofstamps : lacking perforations or roulettes
`lm-Pe-ri-al \irn-‘pir-é-a“ ad] [ME. fr. AF. fr. LL imperialir, fr. L import"
`um command. empire] (14c)
`1 a got. relating to. befitting. or sugges-
`tive of an empire or an emperor
`b (1,) z of or relating to the United
`Kingdom as distinguished from the constituent parts
`(2) : of or relat-
`ing to the Commonwealth of Nations and British Empire 2 a : SOVER-
`EIGN b 2 REGAL. XMPERIOUS
`3 : ofsuperior or unusual size or excel-
`lence 4 : belonging to the official British series of weights and mea-
`sures — see WEIGHT table — lm-pe-rl-al-iy \-:i-tt':\ adv
`2imperial II (ca. 1524)
`1 cap : an adherent or soldier of the Holy Roman
`emperor
`2 : EMPEROR
`3 [F r'mpériale;
`fr.
`the beard worn by
`Napoléon 1U] : a pointed beard growing below the lower lip 4 : some-
`thing of unusual size or excellence
`lm-pe-rl-aI-lsm \im-‘plr-E-a-Jl-zamht (1800)
`'1 :imperial government.
`authority. or system 2: the policy. practice. or advocacy of extending
`the power and dominion of a nation esp. by direct territorial acquisi-
`tions or by gaining indirect control over the political or economic life
`of other areas; broadly : the extension or imposition of power. author-
`ity. or influence (union ~) — im-pe-rl-aI-ist \-tist\ n oradj — imipe~
`a v
`rZal-is-tic \-.pir-e-a-'lls-tlk\ adj — im-pe-rl-aI-is-ti-cal-ly \-ti-k(a-)1i':\
`Imperial moth n (ca. 1904) : a large No. American satuniiid moth
`(Euler imperialis) having yellow wings marked with reddish-brown
`spots and patches
`imiper-ll \im-‘per-al. -'pe-ral\ w -iled or -l|led: -l|-lng or -llollng (15c)
`: to bring into peril : ENDANGER — im-periil-ment \-rriant\ u
`im-pe-ri-ous \im-‘pir-é-os\ adj [L imperiosus, fr. imperium] (1540)
`1 a
`: befitting or characteristic of one of eminent rank or attainments
`: COMMANDINO. DOMINANT (an ~ manner) b : marked by arrogant
`assurance : DOMINEEIUNO 2 : tritensely compelling: URGENT (the ~
`roblems of the new age —J. F. Kennedy)
`syn see MASTERFUL —
`m-pe-ri-ous-Iy adv — lm-pe-rl-ous-ness n
`im-per-lsh-able \(Jim-‘per-l-sho-boh adj (ca 1585)
`1 : not perishable
`or subject to decay 2 : enduring or occumn forever <~ fame) ——
`lm-per-ish-abiloi-ty \~.per-i-sha-'bi-la-té\ n — mperlshable n — im-
`a v
`psr-lsh-able-ness \-'per-1-sha-bal-nes\ n — im-per-ish-ably \-bli':\
`im-pe-rioum \tni-‘pli-e-aim n,[L — more at EMPIRE] (1651)
`1 a : su-
`preme power or absolute dp'r'ninion : CONTROL b 2 EMPIRE l c : EM-
`PntE 2 Z : the right to command or to employ the force of the state
`1 SOVEREIGN"
`lm-per-ma-nence \(.)1m-'pan-n~n:n(t)s, -'pai-iiia-\ n (1796) : the quail-
`ty or state of being impermanent
`im-per-ma-nen-cy \-nan(t)-se\ n (1648): IMPERMANENCE
`im-per-ma-nent \-nant\ adi (1653) : not permanent : runsrem —-
`im-per-ma-nent-Iy adv
`
`\o\ abut \°\ kitten. F table \ar\ further \a\ ash \i\ ace \a’\ mop. mar
`\ni'i\ out
`\ch\ chin \o\ bet
`\t':\ easy \g\ go \i\ hit
`\i\ ice
`\i\ job
`\I)\ sing \6\ go \O\lnw \oi\ boy \th\ thin \th\the \i'i\ loot \u\ foot
`‘ii'i Vet
`\th\ iisiii". mire ‘.'r.', ", cs. u:. "\ res Said: it‘. “ran'mciaticn
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