throbber
Square Exhibit 1013
`Square, Inc. v. 4361423 Canada Inc.
`IPR2019-01629
`Page 00001
`
`

`

`
`
`IPR2019-01629 Page 00002
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`IPR2019-01629 Page 00002
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`

`Computer Science
`and Technology
`
`
`
`NIST Special Publication 500-157
`
`Smart Card Technology:
`New Methods for Computer
`AccessControl
`
`Martha E. Haykin and Robert B. J. Warnar
`
`Security Technology Group
`Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology
`National Institute of Standards and Technology
`Gaithersburg, MD 20899
`
`September 1988
`
`et OF Coy,
`VW %,
` %
`
`NOTE:Asof 23 August 1988, the National Bureau of
`
`Standards (NBS) became the NationalInstitute of
`Standards and Technology (NIST) when President
`Reagansigned into law the Omnibus Trade and
`Competitiveness Act.
`
`q
`*
`é
`ge
`CSy
`
`a
`*
`
`2
`ff
`
`%
`
`-
`StaTEs OF
`
`U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`
`Cc. Willlam Verity, Secretary
`
`Natlonal Instltute of Standards and Technology
`(formerly Natlonal Bureau of Standards)
`Ernest Ambler, Director
`
`IPR2019-01629 Page 00003
`
`IPR2019-01629 Page 00003
`
`€
`

`

`Reports on Computer Science and Technology
`
`The National Institute of Standards and Technology has a special responsibility within the Federal
`Government for computer science and technology activities. The programs of the NIST Institute for
`Computer Sciences and Technology are designed to provide ADP standards, guidelines, and technical
`advisory services to improve the effectiveness of computer utilization, and to perform appropriate re-
`search and developmenteffortsas foundation for such activities and programs.This publication serieswill
`report these NIST efforts to the Federal computer community as well as to interested specialists in the
`governmental, academic, and private sectors. Those wishing to receive notices of publications in this
`series should complete and return the form at the end of this publication.
`
`Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 88-600577
`National Institute of Standards and Technology
`Special Publication 500-157, 52 pages (Sept. 1988)
`CODEN: XNBSAV
`
`U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
`WASHINGTON: 1988
`
`For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office, Washington, DC 20402
`
`IPR2019-01629 Page 00004
`
`IPR2019-01629 Page 00004
`
`

`

`CONTENTS
`
`page
`
`ABSTRACT..........0.0.0.00000000002pn 1
`
`
`
`10 INTRODUCTION
`ae oe ll CC
`1
`1.1 Overview and Scope of this Document ee 1
`1.2 The Definition ofa Smart Card .... .
`oe. |. 2
`1.3 Smart Cards and the International Organization
`for Standardization ...................2..4 2
`1.4 Security in a Generalized Smart Card a... ae ll 4
`
`5
`2.0 SMART CARD INTEGRATED CIRCUIT TECHNOLOGIES...
`2.1
`Integrated Circuits (ICs)... .......0.......... 5
`2.2 Limitations of IC Technology ................. 6
`
`3.0 THE SMART CARD MICROCOMPUTER ............. 6
`
`7
`3.1 Single-chip Versus Multiple-chip Smart Card Microcomputers .
`3.2 The Smart Card Microprocessor
`..........2..... 8
`3.3 Smart Card Memories ..... . —,. om. ae
`3.4 Smart Card Input/Output (I/O) .......... ..... 10
`3.4.1 Contact and Non-contact Smart Card Interfaces ....... . 10
`3.4.2 The Smart Card Reader/Writer Device
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`>
`0 oo oo
`
`4.00 OTHER CARD TECHNOLOGIES AND THE
`
`CURRENT ROLE OF THE SMART CARD ............ 13
`4.1 Storage Card Technologies—Machine- and Human- Readable
`. 13
`4.2 Storage Card Technologies—Machine-Readable Only
`.... . 14
`4.2.1 Early Approaches ......... ee 14
`4.2.2 The Magnetic Stripe Card ........... rere
`4.2.3 The Laser-Written Optical Memory Card ee 2. wee 15
`4.2.4 The Integrated Circuit (IC) Storage Card... .
`. ..... . 16
`4.3 Current Constraints on the Role of the Smart Card ......17
`4.3.1 Factors in the Placement of the Smart Card IC Chip(s)
`... . 17
`4.3.2 Cost Factors of the Smart Card ......... 1 we 18
`
`5.0 ACCESS CONTROL AND THE SMART CARD ..........18
`5.1 Basic Access Control Concepts ............ .. .
`. 18
`5.1.1 Cryptographic Techniques:
`Encryption and Message Authentication ...... .. es. 18
`5.1.2 User Authentication ..... SL... ee . 2... 19
`5.1.3 Device Authentication
`.. .
`Soo ome
`oO oo ome re)
`5.2 The Smart Card and Authentication
`Soe eee rei.
`
`ill
`
`IPR2019-01629 Page 00005
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`IPR2019-01629 Page 00005
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`

`

`5.38. Smart Card Encryption Capabilities .........2.2.2.2. 2.28
`5.4 Secure Storage: Smart Card Memory Zones ........ .
`. 24
`5.5 Smart Card Life Cycle
`............20202022208.4 26
`
`6.0 NBS ACCESS CONTROL RESEARCH............... 28
`
`.. es. . 28
`6.1 NBS Plastic Memory Key Access Control Systems
`6.1.1 Access Control System for “Dumb” Terminals ......... 29
`6.1.2 Access Control System for Cryptographic Workstations
`.. .
`. 29
`6.2 The NBS Biometric Smart Card Access Control System .. . 31
`6.3 Future NBS Investigations in Access Control ......... 31
`
`7.0 FUTURE SMART CARD FORECAST ............... 33
`7.1 Future Smart Card Costs ...............2.2.-,-.
`. 34
`
`7.2 Future Changes in Smart Card ieieeratee Circuitry .... .
`
`. 34
`
`7.2.1 The Role of EPROM in Future Smart Cards ........ .35
`7.2.2 The Role of EEPROM in Future Smart Cards ........~. 35
`7.3 Expected Changes in the Appearance and Construction
`of the Smart Card ........
`oo.
`,. =.= 36
`7.4 Expected Changes in Smart Card nena
`and Applications
`...........
`0.2.84. ee eee .
`. 37
`7.5 The Role of Standards in the Trine of Smart Cards .... . 40
`
`APPENDIX: STANDARDS ACTIVITIES
`FOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT CARDS ......... wee ee
`
`Al
`
`REFERENCES .........2.... oe ee ee ee neo). I et
`
`IPR2019-01629 Page 00006
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`IPR2019-01629 Page 00006
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`

`

`IPR2019-01629 Page 00007
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`IPR2019-01629 Page 00007
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`

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