`Morikawa
`
`111111
`
`1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
`US006239614Bl
`US 6,239,614 Bl
`May 29,2001
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`(54) SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
`DEVICE
`
`(75)
`
`Inventor: Koichi Morikawa, Tokyo (JP)
`
`(73) Assignee: Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd., Tokyo
`(JP)
`
`( *) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/283,179
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Apr. 1, 1999
`
`(30)
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`
`Jan. 14, 1999
`
`(JP) ................................................. 11-008116
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl? ........................................................ G06F 7/38
`
`(52) U.S. Cl. ................................. 326/39; 326/39; 326/40;
`257/206; 257/207
`
`(58) Field of Search .................................. 326/39, 38, 40,
`326/41, 37; 257/206, 207, 204, 392
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`5,552,618 * 9/1996 Taniguchi eta!. ................... 257/207
`5,932,900 * 8/1999 Lin eta!. ............................. 257/204
`5,945,702 * 8/1999 Nakanishi ............................ 257/296
`5,994,726 * 11/1999 Ikeda eta!. .......................... 257/207
`6,040,609 * 3/2000 Frisina ................................. 257/391
`6,066,866 * 5!2000 Omori .................................. 257/202
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`Shin'ichiro Mutoh et al., "1-V Power Supply High-Speed
`Digital Circuit Technology with Multi threshold-Voltage
`CMOS" IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 30, No.
`8, Aug. 1995, pp. 846-854.
`* cited by examiner
`Primary Examiner-Michael Tokar
`Assistant Examiner-Vibol Tan
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Jones Volentine, LLC
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`
`The present invention comprises first unit cells each includ(cid:173)
`ing PMOS transistors and NMOS transistors, each transistor
`having a first threshold voltage, second unit cells each
`including PMOS transistors and NMOS transistors, each
`transistor having a second threshold voltage, a unit cell array
`comprised of the first and second unit cells laid in array
`form, a power switch disposed around the unit cell array and
`comprised of the PMOS transistors and NMOS transistors
`each having the second threshold voltage, and input/output
`circuits disposed around the unit cell array. Another inven(cid:173)
`tion comprises a first power supply line supplied with a first
`power supply potential level, a second power supply line
`supplied with a second power supply potential level, a first
`virtual power supply line, a second virtual power supply
`line, a latch circuit electrically connected between the first
`and second power supply lines, at least one logic circuit
`electrically connected between the first and second virtual
`power supply lines, a first capacitor electrically connected
`between the first power supply line and the first virtual
`power supply line, and a second capacitor electrically con(cid:173)
`nected between the second power supply line and the second
`virtual power supply line.
`
`7 Claims, 6 Drawing Sheets
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`U.S. Patent No. 6,239,614
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`May 29,2001
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`
`1
`SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
`DEVICE
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`US 6,239,614 Bl
`
`2
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`
`Field of the Invention
`This invention relates to a semiconductor integrated cir(cid:173)
`cuit device, and particularly to a semiconductor integrated
`circuit device including MOS transistors, which is capable
`of operating at a low power supply voltage when taken
`active and reducing power consumption resultant from a
`leakage current during standby.
`Description of the Related Art
`As high integration of an LSI or an increase in perfor(cid:173)
`mance thereof progresses, how to reduce the power con- 15
`sumption has recently been recognized as an important
`problem. It can be said that in a CMOS type LSI in
`particular, a reduction in the power supply voltage is a
`method most effective for low power consumption because
`the power consumption is directly proportional to the square 20
`of the power supply voltage. However, the reduction in the
`power supply voltage will cause a reduction in the operating
`speed of a MOS transistor. Avoiding this needs to reduce a
`threshold voltage when it is active. However, the reduction
`in the threshold voltage leads to an increase in leakage 25
`current of the MOS transistor during standby. An MTCMOS
`(Multithreshold-Voltage CMOS) has been proposed as an
`LSI for solving such a problem. The MTCMOS has been
`introduced in the paper: r1-V Power Supply High-Speed
`Digital Circuit Technology with Multithreshold-Voltage 30
`CMOS (IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUIT.
`VOL. 30. NO. 8, AUGUST 1995) or the like, for example.
`This type of MTCMOS generally has at least one logic
`circuit electrically connected between a virtual power supply
`line and a virtual power supply line and comprised of MOS
`transistors each having a low threshold voltage and standby
`power control MOS transistors each having a high threshold
`voltage, which are electrically connected between a power
`supply line and the virtual power supply line and between a
`ground line and a virtual ground line to reduce the leakage
`current of each MOS transistor during standby. Further,
`MTCMOS has a latch circuit directly connected between
`the-power supply line and the ground line. Since the latch
`circuit is provided with MOS transistors each having a high
`threshold voltage, which are directly connected to the power
`supply line and the ground line, it is possible to prevent the
`destruction of data stored in the logic circuit even if the
`virtual power supply line and the virtual ground line are
`respectively brought to a floating state during standby.
`However, the conventional MTCMOS adopts a standard
`cell system in which layout design is performed in units of
`a latch circuit such as a flip-flop circuit comprised of an
`inverter circuit, a master circuit and a slave circuit, and a
`logic circuit. The layout design based on such a standard cell 55
`system has a problem in that since it is performed in
`respective circuit units, the period required to manufacture
`the MTCMOS becomes long.
`In the conventional MTCMOS on the other hand, the
`threshold voltage of the standby power control MOS tran(cid:173)
`sistor used to reduce the leakage current flowing during
`standby is set sufficiently high. Thus, when it is taken active,
`a sufficient current is not supplied to the virtual power
`supply line or the virtual ground line thereby to make the
`voltage value unstable. As a result, the conventional MTC(cid:173)
`MOS has inconvenience that a high-speed logical operation
`cannot be implemented.
`
`5
`
`With the foregoing in view, it is therefore an object of the
`present invention to implement the layout of a semiconduc-
`tor integrated circuit device by a gate array system, thereby
`shortening a manufacturing period thereof as compared with
`the conventional standard cell system. It is another object of
`the present invention to provide a semiconductor integrated
`circuit device capable of restraining variations in the values
`10 of voltages applied to a virtual power supply line and a
`virtual ground line and reducing a delay time when switch(cid:173)
`ing is done between logic circuits provided within an
`MTCMOS.
`
`According to one aspect of this invention, for achieving
`the above objects, there is provided a semiconductor inte(cid:173)
`grated circuit device comprises first unit cells each including
`PMOS transistors and NMOS transistors, each transistor
`having a first threshold voltage, second unit cells each
`including PMOS transistors and NMOS transistors, each
`transistor having a second threshold voltage, a unit cell array
`comprised of the first and second unit cells laid in array
`form, a power switch disposed around the unit cell array and
`comprised of the PMOS transistors and NMOS transistors
`each having the second threshold voltage, and input/output
`circuits disposed around the unit cell array. Another inven(cid:173)
`tion comprises a first power supply line supplied with a first
`power supply potential level, a second power supply line
`supplied with a second power supply potential level, a first
`virtual power supply line, a second virtual power supply
`line, a latch circuit electrically connected between the first
`and second power supply lines, at least one logic circuit
`electrically connected between the first and second virtual
`power supply lines, a first capacitor electrically connected
`between the first power supply line and the second virtual
`35 power supply line, and a second capacitor electrically con(cid:173)
`nected between the second power supply line and the first
`virtual power supply line.
`
`40
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`45
`
`While the specification concludes with claims particularly
`pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which
`is regarded as the invention, it is believed that the invention,
`the objects, features of the invention and further objects,
`features and advantages thereof will be better understood
`from the following description taken in connection with the
`accompanying drawings in which:
`FIG. 1 is a layout showing a first embodiment of the
`50 present invention;
`
`FIG. 2 is a layout illustrating another example of the first
`embodiment of the present invention;
`
`FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram depicting one example of a
`configuration of a semiconductor integrated circuit device of
`the present invention;
`FIG. 4 is a waveform chart for describing the operations
`of the first embodiment of the present invention and another
`example thereof;
`
`FIG. 5 is a layout showing a second embodiment of the
`present invention;
`
`FIG. 6 is a layout illustrating another example of the
`second embodiment of the present invention; and
`
`FIG. 7 is a layout depicting a third embodiment of the
`present invention.
`
`60
`
`65
`
`0008
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`US 6,239,614 Bl
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`3
`DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
`EMBODIMENTS
`Preferred embodiments of the present invention will here(cid:173)
`inafter be described in detail with reference to the accom(cid:173)
`panying drawings.
`First Embodiment
`FIG. 1 is a layout showing a first embodiment of the
`present invention. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating one
`example of the unit cells shown in FIG. 1 according to a
`configuration of a semiconductor integrated circuit device of
`the present invention. The semiconductor integrated circuit
`device (hereinafter called "MTCMOS") 10 comprises unit
`cells 2 each comprised of PMOS and NMOS transistors both
`having a low threshold voltage, unit cells 3 each comprised
`of PMOS and NMOS transistors both having a high thresh(cid:173)
`old voltage, a unit cell array 1 in which the unit cells 2 and
`3 are laid in array form, a power switch 4 placed around the
`unit cell array 1, and input/output circuits 5 disposed there(cid:173)
`around. The power switch 4 comprises a PMOS transistor
`and an NMOS transistor each of which is a MOS transistor
`7 for cutting off a leakage current during standby and has a
`high threshold voltage.
`A latch circuit 19 directly connected between a power
`supply line 11 and a ground line 12 comprises the MOS
`transistors 23 each having the high threshold voltage, lying
`within each unit cell 3. The latch circuit 19 prevents the
`destruction of data during standby owing to the formation of
`a latch path between the power supply line 11 and the ground
`line 12. On the other hand, a set or arrangement of various
`logic circuits 20 electrically connected between a virtual 30
`power supply line 13 and a virtual ground line 14 is
`comprised of the MOS transistors 24 each having the low
`threshold voltage, lying within each unit cell 2. As a result,
`the logic circuits 20 can be activated at a low power supply
`voltage (about 1 V) when taken active.
`Further, the circuit of FIG. 3 includes a capacitor 21
`connected between power supply line 11 and virtual ground
`line 14, a capacitor 22 connected between virtual power
`supply line 13 and ground line 12, transistors 15 and 16
`connected across power supply line 11 and virtual power 40
`supply line 13, and transistors 17 and 18 connected across
`virtual ground line 14 and ground line 12. Further, an
`inverter 25 connects the substrate of transistor 15 to the gate
`of transistor 17, and an inverter 26 connects the substrate of
`transistor 18 to the gate of transistor 16.
`The ratio of the unit cells 2 to the unit cells 3 in the unit
`cell array is suitably selected according to the required
`number of latch circuits and logic circuits in an application
`LSI to be manufactured, while taking into consideration the
`number of cells used in a wiring area.
`Since the layout of the MTCMOS 10 can be implemented
`in accordance with a gate array system in the present
`embodiment, a manufacturing period can be shortened as
`compared with the conventional standard cell system.
`FIG. 2 is a layout showing another example of the first
`embodiment of the present invention. The present example
`is different from the first embodiment in that parts 6 of a
`power switch comprised of MOS transistors each having a
`high threshold voltage are placed within a unit cell array 1.
`In an MTCMOS 10 constructed using the unit cell array 1
`shown in FIG. 2, a virtual power supply line 13 and a virtual
`ground line 14 are reduced in resistive component. Further,
`variations in the values of voltages applied to the virtual
`power supply line 13 and virtual ground line 14 at the
`switching between the set of logic circuits 20 become small.
`As a result, a delay time produced in each logic circuit 20
`can be restrained from increasing.
`
`4
`FIG. 4 is a waveform chart for describing the operations
`of the first embodiment of the present invention and another
`example thereof. In the waveform chart shown in FIG. 4, the
`vertical axis thereof indicates a voltage value (V) and the
`5 horizontal axis thereof indicates the time (T), respectively.
`Respective output waveforms of the MTCMOS 10 con(cid:173)
`structed using the unit cell array 1 shown in FIG. 1 are
`respectively represented by dotted lines, whereas respective
`output waveforms of the MTCMOS 10 constructed using the
`10 unit cell array 1 shown in FIG. 2 are respectively represented
`by solid lines. Described specifically, they include output
`waveforms 31 and 34 which appear on the virtual power
`supply line, output waveforms 32 and 35 which appear on
`the virtual ground line, and output waveforms 33 and 36
`15 produced from the set of logic circuits. It is understood that
`if the respective output waveforms 31 and 32 indicated by
`the solid lines, which appear on the virtual power supply and
`ground lines are respectively compared with the respective
`output waveforms 34 and 35 indicated by the dotted lines,
`20 which appear on the virtual power supply and ground lines,
`then variations in voltage values are reduced (the voltage
`values are stable). It is also understood that if a comparison
`is made between the output waveform 33 indicated by the
`solid line, which is produced from the logic circuit arrange-
`25 ment and the output waveform 36 indicated by the dotted
`line, which is produced from the logic circuit arrangement,
`then the output of the logic circuit arrangement is made steep
`and hence the logic circuit arrangement 20 is reduced in
`delay time.
`In another example of the present embodiment, the parts
`6 of the power switch comprised of the MOS transistors each
`having the high threshold value are placed within the unit
`cell array 1. Thus, when switching is done between the logic
`circuits placed within the MTCMOS constructed using such
`35 a unit cell array, it is possible to control or restrain variations
`in the voltage values on the virtual power supply and ground
`lines and reduce the delay time.
`Second Embodiment
`A second embodiment is equivalent to one related to a
`pattern layout of capacitors 21 and 22 illustrated in the
`semiconductor integrated circuit device shown in FIG. 3.
`FIG. 5 is a layout showing the second embodiment of the
`present invention. A unit cell 51 is one which is not used for
`a circuit configuration of MTCM OS upon wire processing of
`45 MTCMOS. The unit cell 51 comprises two PMOS transis(cid:173)
`tors 53 each comprised of an N well 59, P-type diffused
`layers 56, 57 and 58, and gate electrodes 54 and 55 all of
`which are formed on a substrate 52, and two NMOS
`transistors 63 each comprised of a P well69, N-type diffused
`50 layers 66, 67 and 68, and-gate electrodes 64 and 65 all of
`which are formed on the substrate 52. The gate electrode 54
`of each PMOS transistor 53 is electrically connected to a
`virtual ground line 71 by a contact 62. The gate electrode 65
`of each NMOS transistor 63 is electrically connected to a
`55 virtual power supply line 61 by a contact 72. Incidentally,
`the N well 59 is fixed to a power supply potential level and
`the P well 69 is fixed to a ground potential level, respec(cid:173)
`tively.
`Since gate capacitance having aMOS capacitor structure,
`60 which is formed between the gate electrode 54 an the N well
`59, is activated as de-coupling capacitance (corresponding
`to the capacitor 21) because the gate electrode 54 of the
`PMOS transistor 53 is electrically connected to the virtual
`ground line 71, the value of a voltage applied on the virtual
`65 ground line is stabilized. Similarly, since gate capacitance
`formed between the gate electrode 65 and the P well 69,is
`activated as de-coupling capacitance (corresponding to the
`
`0009
`
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`US 6,239,614 Bl
`
`10
`
`5
`capacitor 22) because the gate electrode 65 of the NMOS
`transistor 63 is electrically connected to the virtual power
`supply line 61, the value of a voltage applied to the virtual
`power supply line is stabilized. Owing to the provision of
`such capacitors 21 and 22, when switching is done between 5
`logic circuits provided within MTCMOS, the values of the
`voltages applied to the virtual power supply and ground
`lines can be restrained from varying and the delay time can
`be reduced.
`Another example of the second embodiment will next be
`explained. FIG. 6 is a layout showing another example of the
`second embodiment of the present invention. Incidentally,
`the same elements of structure as those shown in FIG. 5 are
`identified by like reference numerals and the description of
`certain common elements will be omitted. A unit cell 51 is
`equivalent to a unit cell not used for a circuit configuration 15
`of MTCMOS upon wire processing of MTCMOS. The unit
`cell 51 comprises a PMOS transistor 53 and an NMOS
`transistor 63. A P-type diffused layer 56 of the PMOS
`transistor 53 is electrically connected to a virtual ground line
`71 by a contact 62. An N-type diffused layer 68 of the 20
`NMOS transistor 63 is electrically connected to a virtual
`power supply line 61 by a contact 72. Incidentally, anN well
`59 is fixed to a power supply potential level and a P well 69
`is fixed to a ground potential level, respectively.
`Since the P-type diffused layer 56 of the PMOS transistor 25
`53 is electrically connected to the virtual ground line 71,
`PN-junction capacitance formed between the P-type dif(cid:173)
`fused layer 56 and theN well 59 electrically connected to the
`ground potential is activated as de-coupling capacitance
`(corresponding to a capacitor 21). Therefore, the value of a 30
`voltage applied to the virtual ground line is stabilized.
`Similarly, since the N-type diffused layer 68 of the NMOS
`transistor 63 is electrically connected to the virtual power
`supply line 61, PN-junction capacitance formed between the
`N-type diffused layer 68 and the P well 69 electrically 35
`connected to the power supply potential is activated as
`de-coupling capacitance (corresponding to a capacitor 22).
`Therefore, the value of a voltage applied to the virtual power
`supply line is stabilized. Owing to the provision of such
`capacitors 21 and 22, when switching is done between logic 40
`circuits placed within MTCMOS, the values of the voltages
`applied to the virtual power supply and ground lines can be
`restrained from varying and the delay time can be reduced.
`Third Embodiment
`Similar to the second embodiment, a third embodiment is 45
`equivalent to one related to a pattern layout of the capacitors
`21 and 22 illustrated in the semiconductor integrated circuit
`device shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 7 is a layout showing the third
`embodiment of the present invention. A unit cell 51 is one
`unused for a circuit configuration of MTCMOS upon wire 50
`processing of MTCMOS. The unit cell 51 comprises two
`PMOS transistors 83 each comprised of anN well89, P-type
`diffused layers 86, 87 and 88, and gate electrodes 84 and 85
`all of which are formed on a substrate 82, and two NMOS
`transistors 95 each comprised of a P well 101, N-type 55
`diffused layers 98, 99 and 100, and gate electrodes 96 and 97
`all of which are formed on the substrate 82. The gate
`electrode 84 and P-type diffused layer 86 of each PMOS
`transistor 83 are electrically connected to a virtual ground
`line 103 by contacts 92 and 93. The gate electrode 97 and 60
`N-type diffused layer 100 of each NMOS transistor 95 are
`electrically connected to a virtual power supply line 91 by
`contacts 104 and 105. Incidentally, the N well 89 is fixed to
`a power supply potential level and the P well101 is fixed to
`a ground potential level, respectively.
`Since the gate electrode 84 and P-type diffused layer 86
`of the PMOS transistor 83 are electrically connected to the
`
`65
`
`6
`virtual ground line 103, gate capacitance having a MOS
`capacitor structure, which is formed between the gate elec(cid:173)
`trode 84 and the N well 89, and PN-junction capacitance
`formed between the P-type diffused layer 86 and the N well
`103 electrically connected to the ground potential, are
`respectively activated as de-coupling capacitance
`(corresponding to the capacitor 21). As a result, the value of
`a voltage applied to the virtual ground line is stabilized.
`Similarly, since the gate electrode 97 and N-type diffused
`layer 100 of the NMOS transistor 95 are electrically con(cid:173)
`nected to the virtual power supplly line 91, gate capacitance
`formed between the gate electrode 97 and the Pwell101 and
`PN-junction capacitance formed between the N-type dif(cid:173)
`fused layer 100 and the P well101 electrically connected to
`the power supply potential are respectively activated as
`de-coupling capacitance (corresponding to the capacitor 22).
`Thus, the value of a voltage applied to the virtual power
`supply line is stabilized. Owing to the provision of such
`capacitors 21 and 22, when switching is done between logic
`circuits provided within MTCMOS, the values of the volt(cid:173)
`ages applied to the virtual power supply and ground lines
`can be restrained from varying and the delay time can be
`reduced.
`According to the present invention, as has been described
`above in detail, since the layout of MTCMOS can be
`implemented by the gage array system, the manufacturing
`period can be shortened as compared with the conventional
`standard cell system. Further, according to the present
`invention, since the capacitors for the virtual power supply
`and ground lines are provided, the values of the voltages
`applied to the virtual power supply and ground lines can be
`restrained from varying and the delay time can be reduced
`upon switching between the logic circuits lying within
`MTCMOS.
`While the present invention has been described with
`reference to the illustrative embodiments, this description is
`not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Various
`modifications of the illustrative embodiments, as well as
`other embodiments of the invention, will be apparent to
`those skilled in the art on reference to this description. It is
`therefore contemplated that the appended claims will cover
`any such modifications or embodiments as fall within the
`true scope of the invention.
`What is claimed is:
`1. A semiconductor integrated circuit device, comprising:
`
`a plurality of first unit cells each including a plurality of
`first MOS transistors, each of the first MOS transistors
`having a first threshold voltage;
`a plurality of second unit cells each including a plurality
`of second MOS transistors, each of the second MOS
`transistors having a second threshold voltage;
`a unit cell array comprised of said first and second unit
`cells laid in array form;
`a power switch disposed around said unit cell array and
`comprised of a plurality of third MOS transistors, each
`of the third MOS transistors having the second thresh(cid:173)
`old voltage; and
`a plurality of input/output circuits disposed around said
`unit cell array.
`2. A semiconductor integrated circuit device according to
`claim 1, wherein said power switch is turned off during
`standby and turned on when taken active.
`3. The semiconductor integrated circuit device according
`to claim 1, wherein parts of said power switch are disposed
`within said unit cell array.
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`0010
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`US 6,239,614 Bl
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`5
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`10
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`7
`4. A semiconductor integrated circuit device comprising:
`a first power supply line supplied with a first power supply
`potential level;
`a second power supply line supplied with a second power
`supply potential level;
`a first virtual power supply line;
`a second virtual power supply line;
`a latch circuit connected between said first and second
`power supply lines;
`a logic circuit connected between said first power supply
`line and said second virtual power supply line;
`a first capacitor connected between said first power supply
`line and said second virtual power supply line; and
`a second capacitor connected between said second power
`supply line and said first virtual power supply line;
`wherein said latch circuit, said logic circuit and said first
`and second capacitors are constructed by connecting
`MOS transistors placed within unit cells in array form.
`5. The semiconductor integrated circuit device according
`to claim 4, wherein said first capacitor is comprised of a first
`MOS transistor, which has a control electrode connected to
`said second virtual power supply line, and first and second
`electrodes commonly connected to said first power supply 25
`line, formed in a first conduction-type region; and
`wherein said second capacitor is comprised of a second
`MOS transistor, which has a control electrode con(cid:173)
`nected to said first virtual power supply line, first and
`
`8
`second electrodes commonly connected to said second
`power supply line, formed in a second conduction-type
`region.
`6. The semiconductor integrated circuit device according
`to claim 4, wherein said first capacitor is comprised of a first
`MOS transistor, which has a first electrode connected to said
`second virtual power supply line, and control and second
`electrodes commonly connected to said first power supply
`line, formed in a first conduction-type region; and
`wherein said second capacitor is comprised of a second
`MOS transistor, which has a first electrode connected to
`said first virtual power supply line, and control and
`second electrodes commonly connected to said second
`power supply line, formed in a second conduction-type
`region.
`7. The semiconductor integrated circuit device according
`to claim 4, wherein said first capacitor is comprised of a first
`MOS transistor, which has control and first electrodes com(cid:173)
`monly connected to said second virtual power supply line,
`20 and a second electrode connected to said first power supply
`line, formed in a first conduction-type region; and
`wherein said second capacitor is comprised of a second
`MOS transistor, which has control and first electrodes
`commonly connected to said first virtual power supply
`line, and a second electrode connected to said second
`power supply line, formed in a second conduction-type
`region.
`
`15
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`* * * * *
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`0011
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