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`PROVISIONAL APPL/CAT/ON FOR PA TENT COVER SHEET (Large Entity) :;:;~ -;;;-
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`This is a request for filing a PROVISIONAL APPLICATION FOR PATENT under 37 CFR 1.53 (c).
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`INVENTOR(S)/APPLICANT(S)
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`Family Name or Surname
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`Residence (City and either State or Foreign Country)
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`Shellhammer
`
`89 Walnut Street, Lake Grove, NY 11755
`
`l Additional inventors are being named on page 2 attached hereto
`
`TITLE OF THE INVENTION (280 characters max)
`
`BLUETOOTH CLEAR CHANNEL ASSESSMENT
`
`CORRESPONDENCE ADDIRESS
`
`Direct all correspondence to:
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`D Customer Number I
`
`OR
`~ Firm or
`Individual Name
`
`Address
`
`Address
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`City
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`Country
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`Symbol Technologies, Inc.
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`One Symbol Plaza
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`MSA-6
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`Holtsville
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`USA
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`1 - -
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`Place Customer Number
`Bar Code Label here
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`-----
`
`State
`
`NY
`
`Telephone 5115-738-3598
`
`ZIP
`
`Fax
`
`11742
`
`516-738-4110
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`ENCLOSED APPLICATION PARTS (check all that apply)
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`METHOD OF PAYMENT OF FILING FEES FOR THIS PROVISIONAL APPLICATION FOR PATENT (check one)
`FILING FEE
`AMOUNT($)
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`A check or money order 1s enclosed to cover the filing fees
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`credit any overpayment to Deposit Account Number.
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`[
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`19-5407
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`I $150.0(J
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`~ Specification
`D Drawing(s)
`D
`~ The Commissioner is hereby authorized to charge filing fees or
`I
`The invention was made by an agency of the United States Government or under a contra:t with an agency of the United States Government
`rgJ No
`D Yes, the name of the US. Government agency and the Government contract number are·
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`Respecfful/ysuba. ~~Qr
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`SIGNATURE
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`,
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`f
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`DATE
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`1 / ; o I .2fflfV
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`TYPED or PRINTED NAME Chun Y. Yang
`- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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`REGISTRATION NO.
`(if appropriate)
`
`37,501
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`TELEPHONE
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`516-738-3598
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`USE ONLY FOR FILING A PROVISIONAL APPL/CATION FOR PA TE:NT
`SEND TO: Box Provisional Application, Assistant Commissioner for Patents, Washington, DC 20231
`
`[Page 1 of J
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`P19LARGE/REV04
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`Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. - Ex. 1008, Page 0001
`IPR2019-01350 (Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. v. Uniloc 2017 LLC)
`
`

`

`Symbol Docket No.: 867P
`
`Bluetooth Clear Channel Assessment
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`of
`
`Steve Shellhammer
`
`Bluetooth is a new wireless personal area network (WP AN) specification
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`operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM band. This is the same band in which IEEE 802.11
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`wireless local area networks (WLAN) operate. Bluetooth uses a Frequency Hopping
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`Spread Spectrum (FHSS) radio, which hops much faster than most IEEE 802.11 radios.
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`Bluetooth sends a short packet as it dwells on a given frequency. Most IEEE 802.11
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`radios hop much slower and send much longer packets. Also there are versions of IEEE
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`802.11 WLANs that use Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) which do not hop and
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`occupy a wide band.
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`As a result, during the transmission of an IEEE 802.11 packet the Bluetooth radio
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`hops across many frequencies and potentially sends a packet on each frequency. These
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`Bluetooth packets interfere with the IEEE 802.11 packets and cause the IEEE 802.11
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`packet to be in error. The
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`802. l l packet needs to be retransmitted, and once again
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`may be destroyed by the signal from the Bluetooth radio. The challenge is to develop a
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`method to prevent the Bluetooth radio from interfering with the IEEE 802.11 radio.
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`This technique could be used in any Bluetooth radio and in any device that will
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`operate in an IEEE 802.11 WLAN environment. Since it detects devices radiating in the
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`2.4 GHz ISM band it could also be used to prevem interference with other devices in that
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`band.
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`1
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`I
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`I
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`Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. - Ex. 1008, Page 0002
`IPR2019-01350 (Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. v. Uniloc 2017 LLC)
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`

`

`Symbol Docket No.: 867P
`
`Background
`
`A Bluetooth network consists of up to eight Bluetooth devices operating m a
`
`piconet. The piconet has one master and up to seven slaves. All the Bluetooth devices in
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`the piconet hop in unison, at a rate of 1600 hops/second. The time that the frequency hopper
`
`dwells on a given frequency is called the slot time. At this hop rate the slot time is 625
`
`microseconds. Typically packets are completed within one slot time; however, it is also
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`possible to have 3 and 5 slot packets. The master and the slaves take turns transmitting, with
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`the master transmitting on even slots and the slaves transmitting on odd slots. See also
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`Bluetooth Specification, version 0.9, May 10, 1999, which is hereby incorporated by
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`reference in full
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`There are two types of links between the master and each of the slave devices in a
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`Bluetooth piconet. There is an asynchronous connection-less link (ACL) which is used to
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`transfer data. There is also a synchronous connection oriented link (SCO) that is used to
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`transfer voice data. The master in the picolink determines when data on an ACL link lS
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`transferred. Data is transferred when the master has data to send to a slave or the master
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`wants to receive data from a slave. Data on an SCO hnk is transferred on a periodic basis
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`once the link has been established. This SCO link is intended to support real-time data, like
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`voice data.
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`This disclosure addresses the issue of interference with an IEEE 802.11 WLAN by a
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`Bluetooth pico link. There is no known method of preventing SCO packets from interfering
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`with an IEEE 802.11 \VP AN since SCO packets are sent on a regular periodic basis.
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`However, this disclosure describes a method in which a Bluetooth piconet that only supports
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`ACL packets can be made to minimize its interference effects on an IEEE 802.11 WLAJ\J.
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`2
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`Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. - Ex. 1008, Page 0003
`IPR2019-01350 (Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. v. Uniloc 2017 LLC)
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`

`

`Symbol Docket No.: 867P
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`That means that a piconet of Bluetooth devices that are intended to send data only, and not
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`voice, traffic can be made to exist in an IEEE 802.11 WLAN environment without severely
`
`impacting the WLAN performance.
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`Each Bluetooth device within a piconet frequency hops in unison, according to .a
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`pseudo random sequence. Figure 1 illustrates each device hopping along its sequence of
`
`frequencies: f(l), f(2), ... f(n) ... The figure also shows how the 625-microsecond slot time
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`includes a 220-microsecond period for the frequency synthesizer in the radio to retune to a
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`new frequency.
`
`f(n-
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`625 µs
`
`f(n)
`
`625 µs
`
`f(n+l)
`
`625 µs
`
`Frequency Synthesizer
`Retuning Interval
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`220 ~LS
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`Data Transmission Time Interval
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`405 µs
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`Figure 1: Conventional Bluetooth Time Slot
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`3
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`Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. - Ex. 1008, Page 0004
`IPR2019-01350 (Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. v. Uniloc 2017 LLC)
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`

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`Symbol Docket No.: 867P
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`Notice that the 625-microsecond slot is divided into a 220-microsecond interval in
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`which the frequency synthesizer is retuned to a different frequency and a 405-microsecond
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`interval in which data is transmitted.
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`As stated above during even slots the master transmits to a slave and during odd
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`slots the slave transmits back to the master. The master can transmit on any even time slot.
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`The slave can only transmit to the master in a time slot if the master sent the slave a packet
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`in the previous time slot. Thus the master determines which slave can send data and in
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`which time slot. If the master does not send data to any slave in slot n then no slave can
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`transmit in slot (n+ 1 ). The exception to this rule is for SCO link packets in which data 1is
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`always transmitted in predefined periodic intervals. So for ACL links if the master does not
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`transmit any data the slaves do not send any data.
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`Proposed Extension to Bluetooth
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`Currently the piconet master does not attempt to determine if any other devices are
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`using the spectrum before it transmits. As a result, if there is an IEEE 802.11 packet
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`currently being transmitted the Bluetooth master wfll not bother to check to see if this other
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`system is transmitting and will itself transmit at the same time, and possibly on the same
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`frequency. As a result it will interfere with the IEEE 802.11 packet possibly causing the
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`packet to be received incorrectly.
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`In this disclosure it is proposed to subdivide the 220 microsecond time interval inito
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`several subinterval and to spend some of that time looking ahead into subsequent
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`frequencies to see if there is any other devices transmitting in those channels. The reason to
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`look ahead is that if the a master sends a message to slave #l on frequency f(n), then the
`
`4
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`
`Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. - Ex. 1008, Page 0005
`IPR2019-01350 (Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. v. Uniloc 2017 LLC)
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`

`

`Symbol Docket No.: 867P
`
`master has cleared slave #1 to transmit during the next time slot on frequency f(n+ 1 ).
`
`Therefore, the master needs to look ahead to the frequency that corresponds to the next slot.
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`I propose the following subdivision of the 220-microsecond interval.
`
`In the first 80
`
`microseconds the frequency synthesizer in the master retunes to f(n+ 1 ), then in the next 60
`
`microseconds the master listens for any signal in that band. This can be done using a
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`standard Receive Strength Signal Indicator (RSSI) in the radio. Then in the next 80
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`microseconds the frequency synthesizer then retunes the radio to f(n). Figure 2 illustrates
`
`the new proposed time slot.
`
`Just prior to transmitting on frequency £(n) the master checks to see that the
`
`frequency band at f(n+ 1) is clear. Also, prior to receiving on frequency f(n-1) the master
`
`also makes sure that the frequency band f(n) is clear. If frequency bands f(n) and f(n+ 1) arc
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`clear then the master will transmit on frequency band f(n) and as a result allow the slave to
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`transmit on frequency band f(n+ 1 ), in the next time slot.
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`Retuning and
`CCA Interval
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`220 µs
`
`Data Transmission Time Interval
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`405 µs
`
`Retuning to f( n + 1)
`
`Clear Channel
`Assessment
`using RSSI
`
`Retuning to f(n)
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`80 µs
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`60 µs
`
`80 µs
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`Figure 2: New proposed Bluetooth Time Slot
`
`5
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`Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. - Ex. 1008, Page 0006
`IPR2019-01350 (Marvell Semiconductor, Inc. v. Uniloc 2017 LLC)
`
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