WILEY ELECTRICAL AND
`
`ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
`
`DICTIONARY
`
`Steven M. Kaplan
`Lexicographer
`
`©IEEE
`
`IEEE PRESS
`
`@WILEY-
`
`INTERSCIENCE
`
`-
`
`A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION
`
`GoProlGarmin
`
`EX. 1013, Page 001
`
`GoPro/Garmin
`EX. 1013, Page 001
`
`

`

`Copyright © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
`
`Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, New Jersey.
`Published simultaneously in Canada.
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`No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by
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`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available.
`
`Kaplan, Steven M.
`
`Wiley Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary
`ISBN (3—471-40224-9
`
`Printed in the United States ofAmerica.
`
`1098765432.
`
`GoPro/Garmin
`
`EX. 1013, Page 002
`
`GoPro/Garmin
`EX. 1013, Page 002
`
`

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`guard ring
`
`326
`
`gyroscopic
`
`1. A metallic ring which is placed around a
`guard ring
`charged body, such as a terminal, .and which serves to
`evenly distribute electric charge over the surrounded sur-
`face. 2. A guard ring (1) placed around one of the parallel
`plates of a capacitor to eliminate the edge effect.
`guard-ring capacitor A capacitor with a guard ring (2)
`placed. around one of its parallel plates to eliminate the edge
`effect.
`
`guard shield A shielding enclosure surrounding all or part of
`the input circuit of an amplifier.
`guard wire A grounded wire which is situated in a manner
`which allows it to catch and ground a high-voltage overhead
`transmission line in the event it breaks. Used as a safety
`precaution to protect persons or objects which could come in
`contact with such a line under these circumstances.
`
`guarding The placement of low-impedance conductors at
`specific points in a circuit, so as to divert leakage currents.
`Gudden-Pohl effect A light flash occurring when an electric
`field is applied to an ultraviolet-irradiated phosphor.
`guest A user that logs onto a network or system without hav-
`ing registered or otherwise established an account. Guests
`typically have restricted access and/or privileges. Also
`called visitor (2).
`guest account An account with restricted access and/or privi-
`leges provided to a guest. Also called visitor account.
`guest password A generic passwordassigned to a guest.
`Also called visitor password.
`GUI Acronym for graphical user interface, or graphic user
`interface. A user interface which utilizes displayed graphics
`to provide a simpler and more intuitive manner to interact
`with a computer. A GUI features a desktop, icons, dialog
`boxes, menus, buttons, and so on, which provide the choices
`available to a user at any given moment, and a pointing de-
`vice such as a mouse or a stylus, so that the user may utilize
`them simply. Also called graphical interface, or graphics
`interface.
`.
`
`guidance Any process, mechanism, or system employed to
`direct the path of a robot or vehicle. The devices and/or
`equipment utilized for guidance may be onboard, or control-
`ling signals may be sent from a remote site.
`guidance computer A computer utilized for guidance. Usu-
`ally refers to an onboard computer.
`guidance system A system employed to direct the path of a
`robot or vehicle. The devices and/or equipment utilized for
`guidance may be onboard, or controlling signals may be sent
`from a remote site.
`
`guide 1. A device which serves to direct along a given course.
`Also, that which serves to indicate, or to regulate operation.
`2. A material medium whose physical boundaries confine
`and direct propagating electromagnetic waves. A guide, for
`instance, may be a hollow metallic conductor, a coaxial ca-
`ble, a fiber-optic cable, or an atmospheric duct. Guides en-
`able propagation of electromagnetic waves with very little
`attenuation. Also called waveguide (1).
`3. A guide (2)
`consisting of a hollow metal tube, and which is utilized pri-
`marily for propagating microwave energy.
`The cross-
`section of such a tube may have any of various shapes, the
`most common being rectangular, circular, and elliptical.
`The waves are propagated along the longitudinal axis. Also
`called waveguide (2).
`_ guided propagation The propagation of radio waves through
`an atmospheric duct. Also called trapping.
`guided tour Online help in which a user is walked through
`each of the steps necessary to complete a giventask.
`guided wave A wave whose energy is confined to given
`boundaries. An example is a wave traveling in a waveguide.
`guillotine attenuator A waveguide attenuator in which a
`sheet or plate of dissipative material is placed through a non-
`
`'
`
`radiating slot. As the sheet or plate is moved into and out of '
`the slot, at variable amount of loss is introduced. Also called
`vane attenuator, rotary-vane attenuator, or flap attenu-
`ator.
`
`guiltware Freeware, shareware, or the like, which has mes-
`sages meant to make users feel guilty if they don't send
`money to the developers.
`gull-wing lead On a chip package, a lead which extends out
`and down, so as to resemble a wing of a gull gliding. J-
`leads occupy less space.
`1. A
`gun Also called electron gun, or electron-beam gun.
`device which produces, and usually controls, an electron
`beam. Used, for instance, in CRTs, klystrons, electron mi-
`croscopes, lasers, and for machining or drilling. 2. A gun
`(I) in a CRT.
`It incorporates a cathode which emits the
`electrons, a control grid, and accelerating and focusing elec-
`trodes.
`
`Gunn diode A diode exhibiting the Gunn effect. Utilized,
`for instance, to produce microwave oscillations.
`Gunn effect An effect observed in certain semiconductor
`crystals, in which oscillations at microwave frequencies are
`generated when a sufficiently high DC is applied. A small
`block of gallium arsenide, for instance, exhibits this effect.
`Gunn oscillator An oscillator utilizing a Gunn diode.
`gunzip Abbreviation of GNU unzip. A popular decompres-
`sion utility.
`GUT Abbreviation of Grand Unified Theorys
`gutta-percha A natural rubber-like substance which is util-
`ized for insulation of cables.
`
`GV Abbreviation of gigavolt.
`GW Abbreviation of gigawatt.
`GWh Abbreviation of gigawatt-hour.
`GWhr Abbreviation of gigawatt-hour.
`Gy Abbreviation of gray.
`gyrator A device which reverses the phase of a signal propa-
`gated in one direction, while causing no phase shift in sig-
`nals propagated in the opposite direction. A gyrator is usu-
`ally utilizedin waveguides, and may or may not incorporate
`active devices.
`
`gyro Abbreviation of gyroscope.
`gyro horizon A gyroscope used to indicate the position of an
`aircraft with respect to a horizontal reference, usually the
`horizon.
`
`gyrocompass A compass incorporating a gyroscope. Such a
`compass is not affected by magnetic variations, and provides
`an accurate line of reference for ships, aircraft, or the like.
`Also called gyroscopic compass.
`gyrofrequency The angular frequency of the orbit of a parti-
`cle orbiting along an axis which is perpendicular to a uni-
`form magnetic field. Also called cyclotron frequency (3).
`gyromagnetic Pertaining to the magnetic properties of rotat-
`ing charged particles, such as electrons surrounding the nu-
`clei of atoms.
`
`gyromagnetic effect The rotation induced in a body whose
`magnetization is changed. Similarly, the magnetization in-
`duced in a rotating body.
`It is a weak effect, and contributes
`slightly to the earth’s magnetic field.
`gyropilot An automatic pilot incorporating one or more gyro-
`scopes.
`
`gyroscope A mechanical device consisting of a heavy spin—
`ning wheel mounted on a gimble. The spinning wheel main-
`tains the same orientation in space, regardless of how the
`base is turned. When mounted on a double gimbal it is free
`to rotate in three mutually perpendicular axes. Used, for in-
`stance, in a gyrocompass.
`Its abbreviation is gyro.
`gyroscopic Pertaining to, or incorporating a gyroscope.
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`GoPro/Garmin
`EX. 1013, Page 003
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`

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`Auger electron spectroscopy
`
`. auto redial
`
`Auger electron spectroscopy An analytical technique which
`analyzes Auger electrons expelled from the surface of a
`solid which has been irradiated with particles such as elec-
`trons or photons. Utilized, with high spatial resolution, to
`determine the distributions of the elements composing the
`surface of the solid.
`Its abbreviation is AES.
`Auger transition The energy transition of an electron within
`an atom undergoing the Auger effect.
`
`augmentative and alternative communication Technology
`which enables those with special needs in communication,
`such as individuals with reduced visionLhearing, and/or mo—
`tor function,
`to correspond, share, learn, teach, and other-
`wise communicate more effectively.
`Its abbreviation is
`AAC.
`
`augmented reality An environment or setting which com-
`bines virtual and real images and objects. For example, vir-
`tual images may be superimposed upon real objects. Also
`called augmented virtuality, mixed reality, or enhanced
`reality.
`
`augmented virtuality Same as augmented reality.
`AUI Abbreviation of attachment unit interface.
`AUP Abbreviation of acceptable use policy.
`aural masking Same as audio masking.
`aural signal 1. A signal that is within the range of frequencies
`that humans can hear. 2. The audio portion of a TV signal.
`aural transmitter Same as audio transmitter.
`
`aurora A luminous phenomenon of the upper atmosphere
`occun-ing mostly in the high latitudes of both hemispheres.
`That is, around the north and south magnetic poles.
`In the
`northern hemisphere auroras are called aurora borealis, or
`northern lights, and in the southem hemisphere they are
`called aurora astralis, or southern lights. They are caused
`by the interaction of excited particles from space with parti-
`cles of the upper atmosphere. Auroras can take any of sev-
`eral forms, such as arcs, bands, or patches, and usually affect
`radio communications.
`
`aurora astralis An aurora occurring in the southern hemi-
`sphere. Also called southern lights.
`'
`aurora borealis An aurora occurring in the northern hemi-
`sphere. Also called northern lights.
`auroraliabsorption The absorption of radio waves by an
`aurora. This causes a fadeout of radio communications.
`auroral activity The interaction of excited particles from
`space and particles of the upper atmosphere during an
`aurora.
`It usually affects radio communications.
`auroral electrojet Multimillion ampere currents that flow in
`the auroral region. They are in the shape of a large oval, and
`are centered over the magnetic poles.
`auroral event The occurrence of an aurora.
`
`auroral oval Same as auroral region.
`auroral propagation Propagation of radio waves which are
`reflected off an aurora. Such waves are usually in the very»
`high frequency range.
`auroral reflection Radio waves which are reflected off an
`aurora. Such waves are usually in the very-high frequency
`range.
`'
`
`/
`‘
`.
`.
`.
`auroral region An oval—shaped region over a magnetic pole
`where an aurora appears. During large magnetrc storms this
`region expands greatly. Also called auroral oval.
`auroral zone A zone where auroras are most common, which
`is usually around the north and south magnetic poles.
`authentication In computers and communications, the proc-
`ess of verifying the legitimacy of a transmission, user, or
`system. Measures such as passwords and digital signatures
`are employed.
`
`authentication code A string of bits or characters, or a value,
`utilized for authentication.
`
`authentication token An object or device, such as a smart
`card, which serves to authenticate a user in order to gain ac-
`cess to a computer network. Such a card, for instance, may
`be inserted into a smart card reader, with the holder
`prompted for a password or PIN for added security. Also
`called security token.
`authoring programs Same as authoring software.
`authoring software Software that facilitates the development
`of learning and teaching materials with significantly less
`programming than if a programming language were used, or
`with no programming at all. May serve, for instance, to cre-
`ate Web sites, or multimedia presentations. Also called an-
`thoring programs, or authoring system.
`authoring system Same as authoring software.
`authorization
`In computers and networks,
`the granting of
`access to resources to an individual which has provided a
`valid combination of user name and password, or its equiva-
`lent.
`
`authorization code A sequence of characters which serve as a
`password, or its equivalent, to obtain access to a computer or
`network.
`
`auto- A prefix used in words pertaining to that which is auto-
`matic, or which acts or occurs from within. For example,
`autoalarm, or autopilot.
`auto-alarm Abbreviation of automatic alarm.
`
`auto answer Abbreviation of automatic answering. A fea-
`ture which allows a modem to answer an incoming call
`automatically. Once done, it attempts to establish the con—
`nection.
`Its own abbreviation is AA. Also spelled autoan-
`swer.
`
`auto answering Same as auto answer.
`
`auto attendant A computerized system which automatically
`answers calls, routes them, and takes messages.
`It incorpo-
`rates voice prompts, 'often has extensive memory for mes-
`sages, and may include voice—recognition. Also spelled
`autoattendant.
`
`auto baud detect A feature which allows a modem to sense
`the speed of the calling modem, and to configure itself ac-
`cordingly. Also spelled autobaud detect.
`auto bias Abbreviation of automatic bias.
`
`1. In a network, the capacity to automatically
`auto bypass
`bypass a terminal or device which is not functioning prop-
`erly. This allows the working components to continue op-
`eration with a minimum of disruption. 2. The capacity to
`automatically bypass a malfunctioning component within a
`device. This allows the working components to continue
`operation with a minimum of disruption, especially if there
`is redundancy.
`auto call Same as autodial.
`
`auto complete Same as autocomplete.
`Auto Correct Same as AutoCorrect.
`auto dial Same as autodial.
`
`auto-ionization Same as Auger effect.
`auto-load Same as automatic loading.
`auto logon Same as autologon.
`auto-negotiate Same as autonegotiate.
`auto—pilot Same as automatic pilot.
`auto play Same as autoplay.
`auto polling Same as autopolling.
`auto ranging Same as autoranging.
`auto redial A feature which allows a device, such as a tele-
`phone or modem, to automatically dial the last entered tele—
`phone number, or one that has been programmed into its
`memory. The device may redial a specific number of times,
`for a given time interval. or until a connection is established.
`Also spelled autoredial.
`
`GoPro/Garmin
`EX. 1013, Page 004
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