ANSI/IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edition
`
`[Adopted by ISO/IEC and redesignated as
`ISO/IEC 8802-11:1999(E))
`
`IEEE Standard for Information technology-
`Telecommunications and information exchange between systems(cid:173)
`Local and metropolitan area networks-
`Specific requirements
`
`Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium
`Access Control (MAC) and Physical
`Layer (PHY) Specifications
`
`Adopted by the I50/IEC and redesignated as
`I50/IEC 8802-11 :1999(E)
`
`Sponsor
`LAN/MAN Standards Committee
`of the
`IEEE Computer Society
`
`i
`
`

`

`iiii
`
`

`

`Abstract: The medium access control (MAC) and physical characteristics for wireless local area
`networks (LANs) are specified in this standard, part of a series of standards for local and metropol(cid:173)
`itan area networks. The medium access control unit in this standard is designed to support physi(cid:173)
`cal layer units as they may be adopted dependent on the availability of spectrum. This standard
`contains three physical layer units: two radio units, both operating in the 2400-2500 MHz band,
`and one baseband infrared unit. One radio unit employes the frequency-hopping spread spectrum
`technique, and the other employs the direct sequence spread spectrum technique.
`Keywords: ad hoc network, infrared, LAN, local area network, mobility, radio frequency, wireless
`
`The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
`3 Park Avenue, NewYork, NY 10016-5997, USA
`
`Copyright© 1999 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
`All rights reserved. Published 1999. Printed in the United States of America.
`
`ISBN 0-7381-1658-0
`
`No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior
`written permission of the publisher.
`
`20 August 1999
`
`SH94740
`
`iii
`
`

`

`ANSI/IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edition
`
`IEEE Standards documents are developed within the Technical Committees of the IEEE Societies and the
`Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Board. Members of the committees serve volun(cid:173)
`tarily and without compensation. They are not necessarily members of the Institute. The standards developed
`within IEEE represent a consensus of the broad expertise on the subject within the Institute as well as those
`activities outside of IEEE that have expressed an interest in participating in the development of the standard.
`
`Use of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. The existence of an IEEE Standard does not imply that there
`are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or provide other goods and services related to
`the scope of the IEEE Standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the time a standard is approved and
`issued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state of the art and comments
`received from users of the standard. Every IEEE Standard is subjected to review at least every five years for
`revision or reaffirmation. When a document is more than five years old and has not been reaffirmed, it is rea(cid:173)
`sonable to conclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not wholly reflect the present state of
`the art. Users are cautioned to check to determine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE Standard.
`
`Comments for revision ofIEEE Standards are welcoi:ne from any interested party, regardless of membership
`affiliation with IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed change of
`text, together with appropriate supporting comments.
`
`Interpretations: Occasionally questions may arise regarding the meaning of portions of standards as they
`relate to specific applications. When the need for interpretations is brought to the attention of IEEE, the
`Institute will initiate action to prepare appropriate responses. Since IEEE Standards represent a consensus of
`all concerned interests, it is important to ensure that any interpretation has also received the concurrence of a
`balance of interests. For this reason IEEE and the members of its technical committees are not able to pro(cid:173)
`vide an instant response to interpretation requests except in those cases where the matter has previously
`received formal consideration.
`
`Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to:
`
`Secretary, IEEE Standards Board
`445 Hoes Lane
`P.O. Box 1331
`Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331
`USA
`
`Note: Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of sub(cid:173)
`ject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to
`the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible
`for identifying all patents for which a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting
`inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.
`The patent holder has, however, filed a statement of assurance that it will grant a license under these
`rights without compensation or under reasonable rates and nondiscriminatory, reasonable terms and
`conditions to all applicants desiring to obtain such a license. The IEEE makes no representation as to
`the reasonableness of rates and/or terms and conditions of the license agreement offered by the patent
`holder. Contact information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Department.
`
`Authorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use is granted by the
`Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright
`Clearance Center. To arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Cus(cid:173)
`tomer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; (978) 750-8400. Permission to photocopy
`portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copy(cid:173)
`right Clearance Center.
`
`iv
`
`Copyright© 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`

`

`Introduction to ANSI/IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edition
`
`(This introduction is not a part of ANSI/IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edition or of!SO/IEC 8802-11: 1999, but is included for information
`purpose only.)
`
`This standard is part of a family of standards for local and metropolitan area networks. The relationship
`between the standard and other members of the family is shown below. {The numbers in the figure refer to
`IEEE standard numbers.)
`
`>- I- ii: :::,
`
`(.)
`w
`Cf)
`0
`
`N
`0
`CX)
`
`N
`0
`CX)
`
`w
`c:'.
`:::,
`I-
`(.)
`I-
`w
`z
`t:
`w
`I ::;;
`w
`(.)
`c:'.
`(!)
`<(
`<(
`z
`oil
`<(
`:?:
`::;;
`w
`>
`c:'.
`w
`> 0
`
`"'
`
`0
`CX)
`
`802.2 LOGICAL LINK CONTROL
`
`802.1 BRIDGING
`
`DATA
`LINK
`LAYER
`
`802.3
`MEDIUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.4
`MEDIUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.5
`MEDIUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.6
`MEDIUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.9
`MEDIUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.11
`MEDIUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.12
`MEDIUM
`ACCESS
`
`802.4
`802.3
`PHYSICAL PHYSICAL
`
`802.6
`802.5
`PHYSICAL PHYSICAL
`
`802.12
`802.11
`802.9
`PHYSICAL PHYSICAL PHYSICAL
`
`PHYSICAL
`LAYER
`
`* Formerly IEEE Std 802.1A.
`
`This family of standards deals with the Physical and Data Link layers as defined by the International Organiza(cid:173)
`tion for Standardization (ISO) Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Basic Reference Model (ISO/IEC 7498-
`1: 1994). The access standards define seven types of medium access technologies and associated physical
`media, each appropriate for particular applications or system objectives. Other types are under investigation.
`
`The standards defining the access technologies are as follows:
`
`• IEEE Std 802
`
`Overview and Architecture. This standard provides an overview to the family
`ofIEEE 802 Standards.
`
`• ANSI/IEEE Std 802. lB LAN/MAN Management. Defines an OSI management-compatible architec-
`and 802.lk
`ture, and services and protocol elements for use in a LAN/MAN environment
`[ISO/IEC 15802-2]
`for performing remote management.
`
`• ANSI/IEEE Std 802. ID
`[ISO/IEC 15802-3]
`
`Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges. Specifies an architecture and protocol
`for the interconnection ofIEEE 802 LANs below the MAC service boundary.
`
`• ANSI/IEEE Std 802.lE
`[ISO/IEC 15802-4]
`
`System Load Protocol. Specifies a set of services and protocol for those
`aspects of management concerned with the loading of systems on IEEE 802
`LANs.
`
`• IEEE Std 802. lF
`
`Common Definitions and Procedures for IEEE 802 Management Information
`
`• ANSI/IEEE Std 802.lG
`[ISO/IEC 15802-5]
`
`Remote Media Access Control (MAC) Bridging. Specifies extensions for the
`interconnection, using non-LAN communication technologies, of geographi(cid:173)
`cally separated IEEE 802 LANs below the level of the logical link control
`protocol.
`
`• ANSI/IEEE Std 802.2
`[ISO/IEC 8802-2]
`
`Logical Link Control
`
`Copyright© 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`V
`
`

`

`• ANSI/IEEE Std 802.3
`[ISO/IEC 8802-3]
`
`• ANSI/IEEE Std 802.4
`[ISO/IEC 8802-4]
`
`• ANSI/IEEE Std 802.5
`[ISO/IEC 8802-5]
`
`CSMAICD Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications
`
`Token Passing Bus Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications
`
`Token Ring Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications
`
`• ANSI/IEEE Std 802.6
`[ISO/IEC 8802-6]
`
`Distributed Queue Dual Bus Access Method and Physical Layer Specifica(cid:173)
`tions
`
`• ANSI/IEEE Std 802.9
`[ISO/IEC 8802-9]
`
`Integrated Services (IS) LAN Interface at the Medium Access Control (MAC)
`and Physical (PHY) Layers
`
`• ANSI/IEEE Std 802.10
`
`Interoperable LAN/MAN Security
`
`• IEEE Std 802.11
`[ISO/IEC DIS 8802-11]
`
`Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer Specifi(cid:173)
`cations
`
`• ANSI/IEEE Std 802.12
`[ISO/IEC DIS 8802-12]
`
`Demand Priority Access Method, Physical Layer and Repeater Specifica(cid:173)
`tions
`
`In addition to the family of standards, the following is a recommended practice for a common Physical
`Layer technology:
`
`• IEEE Std 802. 7
`
`IEEE Recommended Practice for Broadband Local Area Networks
`
`The following additional working group has authorized standards projects under development:
`
`• IEEE 802.14
`
`Standard Protocol for Cable-TV Based Broadband Communication Network
`
`Conformance test methodology
`
`An additional standards series, identified by the number 1802, has been established to identify the
`conformance test methodology documents for the 802 family of standards. Thus the conformance test
`documents for 802.3 are numbered 1802.3.
`
`ANSI/IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edition [ISO/IEC 8802-11: 1999]
`
`This standard is a revision of IEEE Std 802.11-1997. The Management Information Base according to OSI
`rules has been removed, many redundant management items have been removed, and Annex D has been
`completed with the Management Information Base according to SNMP. Minor changes have been made
`throughout the document.
`
`This standard defines the protocol and compatible interconnection of data communication equipment via the
`"air", radio or infrared, in a local area network (LAN) using the carrier sense multiple access protocol with
`collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) medium sharing mechanism. The medium access control (MAC) supports
`operation under control of an access point as well as between independent stations. The protocol includes
`authentication, association, and reassociation services, an optional encryption/decryption procedure, power
`management to reduce power consumption in mobile stations, and a point coordination function for time(cid:173)
`bounded transfer of data. The standard includes the definition of the management information base (MIB)
`using Abstract Syntax Notation I (ASN.l) and specifies the MAC protocol in a formal way, using the Speci-
`
`VI
`
`Copyright© 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`

`

`fication and Description Language (SDL). Both ASN.1 and SDL source code have been added on a floppy
`diskette.
`
`The infrared implementation of the PHY supports 1 Mbit/s data rate with an optional 2 Mbit/s extension.
`The radio implementations of the PHY specify either a frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS)
`supporting 1 Mbit/s and an optional 2 Mbit/s data rate or a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS)
`supporting both I and 2 Mbit/s data rates.
`
`This standard contains state-of-the-art material. The area covered by this standard is undergoing evolution.
`Revisions are anticipated to this standard within the next few years to clarify existing material, to correct
`possible errors, and to incorporate new related material. Information on the current revision state of this and
`other IEEE 802 standards may be obtained from
`
`Secretary, IEEE Standards Board
`445 Hoes Lane
`P.O. Box 1331
`Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331 USA
`
`Participants
`
`At the time the draft of the 1999 version of this standard was sent to sponsor ballot, the IEEE 802.11
`working group had the following voting members:
`
`Stuart J. Kerry and Al Petrick, Vice Chairs
`Victor Hayes, Chair
`Bob O'Hara, 802.1 lrev Task Group Chair and Technical Editor
`George Fishel, Secretary
`
`Dean Kawaguchi, PHY Group and FH Chair
`David Bagby, Mac Group Chair
`Jan Boer, Direct Sequence Chair
`Michael Fischer and Allen Heberling, State Diagram Editors
`
`John Fakatselis, Task Group b Chair
`Naftali Chayat, Task Group a Chair
`Victoria M. Poncini, Task Group c Chair
`
`Jeff Abramowitz
`Keith B. Amundsen
`Carl F. Andren
`Kazuhiro Aoyagi
`Phil Belanger
`John Biddick
`Simon Black
`Ronald Brockmann
`Wesley Brodsky
`John H. Cafarella
`Ken Clements
`Wim Diepstraten
`Darrol Draper
`Peter Ecclesine
`Darwin Engwer
`Jeff Fischer
`Matthew Fischer
`Michael Fischer
`John Fisher
`Motohiro Gochi
`Tim Godfrey
`Jan Haagh
`
`Karl Hannestad
`Robert Heile
`Maarten Hoeben
`Duane Hurne
`Masayuki Ikeda
`Richard Jai
`Donald C. Johnson
`Nobuo Karaki
`Isao Masaki
`Jim McDonald
`Gene Miller
`AkiraMiura
`Masaharu Mori
`Masahiro Morikura
`Ravi P. Nalamati
`Colin Nayler
`Richard van Nee
`Tomoki Ohsawa
`Kazuhiro Okanoue
`Richard H. Paine
`Bob Pham
`Stanley A. Reible
`
`William Roberts
`Kent G. Rollins
`Oren Rosenfeld
`Michael Rothenberg
`Clemens C. W. Ruppel
`Chandos Rypinski
`Anil K. Sanwalka
`Roy Sebring
`Mike Shiba
`Thomas Siep
`Donald I. Sloan
`Hitoshi Takanashi
`Satoru Toguchi
`Cherry Tom
`Mike Trompower
`Tom Tsoulogiannis
`Sarosh N. Vesuna
`NienC. Wei
`Harry Worstell
`Timothy M. Zimmerman
`Jonathan M. Zweig
`Jim Zyren
`
`Copyright© 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`vii
`
`

`

`Major contributions to the 1999 edition were received from the following individuals:
`Henri Moelard
`Richard Ozer
`
`Amoud Zwemmer
`
`The following members of the balloting committee voted on the 1999 version of this standard:
`A. Kamerman
`KitAthul
`Ronald C. Petersen
`Thomas W. Bailey
`Dean M. Kawaguchi
`John R. Pickens
`Edward R. Kelly
`Peter K. Campbell
`Alberto Profumo
`James T. Carlo
`Gary C. Kessler
`Vikram Punj
`Yongbum Kim
`David E. Carlson
`James A. Renfro
`Brian J. Casey
`Stephen Barton Kruger
`Gary S. Robinson
`Naftali Chayat
`Joseph Kubler
`Edouard Y. Rocher
`James W. Romlein
`Lanse M. Leach
`Robert S. Crowder
`Wim Diepstraten
`Jai Yong Lee
`Floyd E. Ross
`Randolph S. Little
`Thomas J. Dineen
`Michael Rothenberg
`Christos Douligeris
`Ronald Mahany
`Christoph Ruland
`Peter Martini
`Paul S. Eastman
`Anil K. Sanwalka
`Richard McBride
`Philip H. Enslow
`James E. Schuessler
`Changxin Fan
`Bennett Meyer
`Rich Seifert
`John W. Fendrich
`Gene E. Milligan
`Leo Sintonen
`David S. Millman
`Michael A. Fischer
`Patricia Thaler
`George R. Fishel
`Hiroshi Miyano
`Mike Trompower
`Warren Monroe
`Harvey A. Freeman
`Mark-Rene Uchida
`John E. Montague
`Robert J. Gagliano
`Emmanuel Van Lil
`Sarosh N. Vesuna
`Patrick S. Gonia
`Wayne D. Moyers
`Julio Gonzalez-Sanz
`Shimon Muller
`James Vorhies
`Barry M. Vombrock
`Ken Naganuma
`Chris G. Guy
`Victor Hayes
`Paul Nikolich
`Qian-Ii Yang
`Robert O'Hara
`Donald N. Heirman
`Oren Yuen
`Donal O'Mahony
`Henry Hoyt
`Chris Zegelin
`Jonathan M. Zweig
`Roger Pandanda
`Raj Jain
`
`At the time the draft of the 1997 version of this standard was sent to sponsor ballot, the IEEE 802.11 work(cid:173)
`ing group had the following voting members:
`
`Stuart J. Kerry and Chris Zegelin, Vzce Chairs
`Victor Hayes, Chair
`Bob O'Hara and Greg Ennis, Chief Technical Editors
`George Fishel and Carolyn L. Heide, Secretaries
`
`David Bagby, MAC Group Chair C. Thomas Baumgartner, Infrared Chair and Editor
`Jan Boer, Direct Sequence Chair
`Michael Fischer, State Diagram Editor
`Dean M. Kawaguchi, PHY Group and FH Chair Mike Trompower, Direct Sequence Editor
`
`Jeff Abramowitz
`Keith B. Amundsen
`Phil Belanger
`Manuel J. Betancor*
`John Biddick
`Simon Black
`Alessandro M. Bolea
`Pablo Brenner
`Peter E. Chadwick
`Naftali Chayat
`Jonathon Y. Cheah
`Hae Wook Choi
`Wim Diepstraten
`
`Robert J. Egan
`Darwin Engwer
`John Fakatselis
`Matthew Fischer
`Keith S. Furuya
`Rich Gardner
`Ian Gifford
`Howard J. Hall
`Bill Huhn
`Donald C. Johnson
`Mikio Kiyono
`Joseph J. Kubler
`Arthur Lashbrook
`
`F. J. Lopez-Hernandez
`Ronald Mahany
`Bob Marshall
`Jim McDonald
`Akira Miura
`Wayne D. Moyers
`Ravi P. Nalamati
`Mitsuji Okada
`Al Petrick
`Miri Ratner
`James A. Renfro
`William Roberts
`Jon Walter Rosdahl
`
`Vlll
`
`Copyright© 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`

`

`Michael Rothenberg
`Chandos A. Rypinski
`Anil K. Sanwalka
`Roy Sebring
`Glen Sherwood
`Thomas Siep
`Nathan Silberman
`
`Don Sloan
`Greg Smith
`Marvin L. Sojka
`Dave Strohschein
`Bert Sullam
`Mack Sullivan
`
`Tom Tsoulogiannis
`Jeanine Valadez
`Sarosh Vesuna
`Richard E. White
`Donna A. Woznicki
`Timothy M. Zimmerman
`Johnny Zweig
`
`Major contributions to the 1997 version were received from the following individuals:
`
`Robert Achatz
`KenBiba
`Paul Eastman
`Ed Geiger
`Larry van der Jagt
`
`*Deceased
`
`Richard Lee
`Kerry Lynn
`Michael Masleid
`John McKown
`K. S. Natarajan
`Jim Neally
`
`Richard Ozer
`Thomas Phinney
`Leon S. Scaldeferri*
`Jim Schuessler
`Francois Y. Simon
`
`The following persons were on the balloting committee for the 1997 version of this standard:
`
`Bernhard Albert
`Jon M. Allingham
`Jack S. Andresen
`KitAthul
`Anthony L. Barnes
`Robert T. Bell
`Manuel J. Betancor
`Simon Black
`Alan L. Bridges
`Graham Campbell
`James T. Carlo
`David E. Carlson
`Peter E. Chadwick
`Naftali Chayat
`Alan J. Chwick
`Ken Clements
`Robert S. Crowder
`Rifaat Dayem
`Wim Diepstraten
`Edward A. Dunlop
`Sourav K. Dutta
`Paul S. Eastman
`Peter Ecclesine
`Gregory Elkmann
`John E. Emrich
`Philip H. Enslow
`Changxin Fan
`Michael A. Fischer
`Harvey A. Freeman
`Robert J. Gagliano
`Patrick S. Gonia
`N. Douglas Grant
`Govert M. Griffioen
`Joseph L. Hammond
`Victor Hayes
`Kenneth C. Heck
`Jan Hoogendoorn
`Russell D. Housley
`Walter K. Hurwitz
`
`Richard J. Iliff
`Tomoaki Ishifuji
`Carlos Islas-Perez
`Raj Jain
`A. Kamerman
`Peter M. Kelly
`YongbumKim
`Mikio Kiyono
`Thaddeus Kobylarz
`Stephen B. Kruger
`Joseph J. Kubler
`David J. Law
`JaiYong Lee
`Jungtae Lee
`Daniel E. Lewis
`Randolph S. Little
`MingT. Liu
`Joseph C. J. Loo
`Donald C. Loughry
`Robert D. Love
`Ronald Mahany
`Jim L. Mangin
`Peter Martini
`P. Takis Mathiopoulos
`Steve Messenger
`Bennett Meyer
`Ann Miller
`David S. Millman
`Hiroshi Miyano
`Stig Frode Mjolsnes
`W. Melody Moh
`John E. Montague
`Wayne D. Moyers
`Paul Nikolich
`Ellis S. Nolley
`Robert O'Hara
`Donal O'Mahony
`Roger Pandanda
`Lalit Mohan Patnaik
`Lucy W. Person
`
`Thomas L. Phinney
`Vikram Prabhu
`Alberto Profumo
`David L. Propp
`VikramPunj
`Andris Putnins
`Fernando Ramos
`James W. Romlein
`Floyd E. Ross
`Michael Rothenberg
`Christoph Ruland
`Chandos A. Rypinski
`Anil K. Sanwalka
`Gregory D. Schumacher
`Rich Seifert
`Lee A. Sendelbach
`Michael Serrone
`Adarshpal S. Sethi
`Donald A. Sheppard
`Nathan Silberman
`Joseph S. Skorupa
`Michael A. Smith
`Marvin L. Sojka
`Efstathios D. Sykas
`Geoffrey 0. Thompson
`Robert C. Tripi
`Mike Trompower
`David B. Turner
`Mark-Rene Uchida
`James Vorhies
`Yun-Che Wang
`Raymond P. Wenig
`Earl J. Whitaker
`David W. Wilson
`Jerry A. Wyatt
`Qian-Li Yang
`IwenYao
`Oren Yuen
`Jonathan M. Zweig
`
`Copyright© 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`ix
`
`

`

`When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 18 March 1999, it had the following
`membership:
`
`Richard J. Holleman, Chair
`
`Donald N. Heirman, Vice Chair
`Judith Gorman, Secretary
`
`Satish K. Aggarwal
`Dennis Bodson
`Mark D. Bowman
`James T. Carlo
`Gary R. Engmann
`Harold E. Epstein
`Jay Forster*
`Ruben D. Garzon
`
`*Member Emeritus
`
`James H. Gurney
`Lowell G. Johnson
`Robert J. Kennelly
`E. G. "Al" Kiener
`Joseph L. Koepfinger*
`L. Bruce McClung
`Daleep C. Mohla
`Robert F. Munzner
`
`Louis-Francois Pau
`Ronald C. Petersen
`Gerald H. Peterson
`John B. Posey
`Gary S. Robinson
`Akio Tojo
`Hans E. Weinrich
`Donald W. Zipse
`
`Also included is the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison:
`
`Robert E. Hebner
`
`Valerie E. Zelenty
`IEEE Standards Project Editor
`
`X
`
`Copyright© 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`

`

`Contents
`
`1. Overview
`
`1.1 Scope
`1.2 Purpose
`
`2. Normative references
`
`3. Definitions
`
`4. Abbreviations and acronyms
`
`5. General description
`
`5.1 General description of the architecture
`5 .1.1 How wireless LAN systems are different
`5.2 Components of the IEEE 802.11 architecture
`5.2.1 The independent BSS as an ad hoc network
`5.2.2 Distribution system concepts
`5.2.3 Area concepts
`5.2.4 Integration with wired LANs
`5.3 Logical service interfaces
`5.3.1 Station service (SS)
`5.3.2 Distribution system service (DSS)
`5.3.3 Multiple logical address spaces
`5 .4 Overview of the services
`5.4.1 Distribution of messages within a DS
`5.4.2 Services that support the distribution service
`5.4.3 Access and confidentiality control services
`5.5 Relationships between services
`5.6 Differences between ESS and IBSS LANs
`5.7 Message information contents that support the services
`5.7.1 Data
`5.7.2 Association
`5.7.3 Reassociation
`5.7.4 Disassociation
`5.7.5 Privacy
`5.7.6 Authentication
`5.7.7 Deauthentication
`5.8 Reference model
`
`6. MAC service definition
`
`6.1 Overview of MAC services
`6.1.1 Asynchronous data service
`6.1.2 Security services
`6.1.3 MSDU ordering
`6.2 Detailed service specification
`6.2.1 MAC data services
`
`7.
`
`Frame formats
`
`7.1 MAC frame formats
`
`Copyright© 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
`
`1
`
`1
`1
`
`2
`
`3
`
`6
`
`9
`
`9
`9
`10
`10
`11
`12
`14
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`15
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`7.1.1 Conventions
`7.1.2 General frame format
`7.1.3 Frame fields
`7.2 Format of individual frame types
`7.2.1 Control frames
`7.2.2 Data frames
`7 .2.3 Management frames
`7.3 Management frame body components
`7.3.1 Fixed fields
`7.3.2 Information elements
`
`8. Authentication and privacy
`
`8.1 Authentication services
`8.1.1 Open System authentication
`8.1.2 Shared Key authentication
`8.2 The Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) algorithm
`8.2.1 Introduction
`8.2.2 Properties of the WEP algorithm
`8.2.3 WEP theory of operation
`8.2.4 WEP algorithm specification
`8.2.5 WEP Frame Body expansion
`8.3 Security-Related MIB attributes
`8.3.1 Authentication-Related MIB attributes
`8.3.2 Privacy-Related MIB attributes
`
`9. MAC sublayer functional description
`
`9.1 MAC architecture
`9 .1.1 Distributed coordination function (DCF)
`9 .1.2 Point coordination function (PCF)
`9 .1.3 Coexistence of DCF and PCF
`9 .1.4 Fragmentation/defragmentation overview
`9.1.5 MAC data service
`9.2 DCF
`9.2.1 Carrier-sense mechanism
`9.2.2 MAC-Level acknowledgments
`9.2.3 Interframe space (IFS)
`9.2.4 Random backofftime
`9.2.5 DCF access procedure
`9.2.6 Directed MPDU transfer procedure
`9.2.7 Broadcast and multicast MPDU transfer procedure
`9.2.8 ACK procedure
`9.2.9 Duplicate detection and recovery
`9 .2.10 DCF timing relations
`9.3 PCF
`9.3.1 CFP structure and timing
`9.3.2 PCF access procedure
`9.3.3 PCF transfer procedure
`9.3.4 Contention-Free polling list
`9.4 Fragmentation
`9.5 Defragmentation
`9.6 Multirate support
`9.7 Frame exchange sequences
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`

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`9.8 MSDU transmission restrictions
`
`10.
`
`Layer management
`
`10.1 Overview of management model
`10.2 Generic management primitives
`10.3 MLME SAP interface
`10.3.1 Power management
`10.3.2 Scan
`10.3.3 Synchronization
`10.3.4 Authenticate
`10.3.5 De-authenticate
`10.3.6 Associate
`10.3.7 Reassociate
`10.3.8 Disassociate
`10.3.9 Reset.
`10.3.10 Start
`10.4 PLME SAP interface
`10.4.1 PLME-RESET.request
`10.4.2 PLME-CHARACTERlSTICS.request.
`10.4.3 PLME-CHARACTERlSTICS.confirm
`10.4.4 PLME-DSSSTESTMODE.request
`10.4.5 PLME-DSSSTESTOUTPUT.request
`
`11. MAC sublayer management entity
`
`11.1 Synchronization
`11.1.1 Basic approach
`11.1.2 Maintaining synchronization
`11.1.3 Acquiring synchronization, scanning
`11.1.4 Adjusting STA timers
`11.1.5 Timing synchronization for frequency-hopping (FH) PHY s
`11.2 Power management
`11.2.1 Power management in an infrastructure network
`11.2.2 Power management in an IBSS
`11.3 Association and reassociation
`11.3 .1 ST A association procedures
`11.3.2 AP association procedures
`11.3 .3 ST A reassociation procedures
`11.3.4 AP reassociation procedures
`11.4 Management information base (MIB) definitions
`
`12.
`
`Physical layer (PHY) service specification
`
`12.1 Scope
`12.2 PHY functions
`12.3 Detailed PHY service specifications
`12.3.1 Scope and field of application
`12.3.2 Overview of the service
`12.3.3 Overview of interactions
`12.3.4 Basic service and options
`12.3.5 PHY-SAP detailed service specification
`
`13.
`
`PHY management
`
`Copyright© 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
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`14.
`
`Frequency-Hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) PHY specification for the 2.4 GHz Industrial,
`Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band
`
`14.1 Overview
`14.1.1 Overview ofFHSS PHY
`14.1.2 FHSS PHY functions
`14.1.3 Service specification method and notation
`14.2 FHSS PHY-specific service parameter lists
`14.2.1 Overview
`14.2.2 TXVECTOR parameters
`14.2.3 RXVECTOR parameters
`14.3 FHSS PLCP sublayer
`14.3.1 Overview
`14.3.2 PLCP frame format
`14.3.3 PLCP state machines
`14.4 PLME SAP layer management
`14.4.1 Overview
`14.4.2 FH PHY specific MAC sublayer management entity (MLME) procedures
`14.4.3 FH PHY layer management entity state machines
`14.5 FHSS PMD sublayer services
`14.5.1 Scope and field of application
`14.5.2 Overview of services
`14.5.3 Overview of interactions
`14.5.4 Basic service and options
`14.5.5 PMD_SAP detailed service specification
`14.6 FHSS PMD sublayer, 1.0 Mbit/s
`14.6. l l Mbit/s PMD operating specifications, general...
`14.6.2 Regulatory requirements
`14. 6. 3 Operating frequency range
`14.6.4 Number of operating channels
`14.6.5 Operating channel center frequency
`14.6.6 Occupied channel bandwith
`14.6.7 Minimum hop rate
`14.6.8 Hop sequences
`14.6.9 Unwanted emissions
`14.6.10 Modulation
`14.6.11 Channel data rate
`14.6.12 Channel switching/settling time
`14.6.13 Receive to transmit switch time
`14.6.14 PMD transmit specifications
`14.6.15 PMD receiver specifications
`14.6.16 Operating temperature range
`14.7 FHSS PMD sublayer, 2.0 Mbit/s
`14.7.l Overview
`14.7.2 Four-Level GFSK modulation
`14.7.3 Channel data rate
`14.8 FHSS PHY management information base (MIB)
`14.8.l Overview
`14.8.2 FH PHY attributes
`14.9 FH PHY characteristics
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`15. Direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) PHY specification for the 2.4 GHz band designated for ISM
`applications
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`15.1 Overview
`15.1.1 Scope
`15.1.2 DSSS PHY functions
`15.1.3 Service specification method and notation
`15.2 DSSS PLCP sublayer
`15.2.1 Overview
`15.2.2 PLCP frame format
`15.2.3 PLCP field definitions
`15.2.4 PLCP/DSSS PHY data scrambler and descrambler.
`15.2.5 PLCP data modulation and modulation rate change
`15 .2. 6 PLCP transmit procedure
`15.2.7 PLCP receive procedure
`15.3 DSSS physical layer management entity (PLME)
`15.3.1 PLME_SAP sublayer management primitives
`15.3.2 DSSS PHY MIB
`15.3.3 DS PHY characteristics
`15.4 DSSS PMD sublayer
`15.4.1 Scope and field of application
`15.4.2 Overview of service
`15.4.3 Overview of interactions
`15.4.4 Basic service and options
`15.4.5 PMD _SAP detailed service specification
`15.4.6 PMD operating specifications, general...
`15.4.7 PMD transmit specifications
`15.4.8 PMD receiver specifications
`
`16.
`
`Infrared (IR) PHY specification
`
`16.1 Overview
`16.1.1 Scope
`16.1.2 IR PHY functions
`16.1.3 Service specification method and notation
`16.2 IR PLCP sublayer
`16.2.1 Overview
`16.2.2 PLCP frame format
`16.2.3 PLCP modulation and rate change
`16.2.4 PLCP field definitions
`16.2.5 PLCP procedures
`16.3 IR PMD sublayer
`16.3.1 Overview
`16.3.2 PMD operating specifications, general
`16.3.3 PMD transmit specifications
`16.3.4 PMD receiver specifications
`16.3.5 Energy Detect, Carrier Sense, and CCA definitions
`16.4 PHY attributes
`
`Annex A (normative) Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement (PICS) proforma
`
`Introduction
`A. I
`A.2 Abbreviations and special symbols
`A.2.1 Status symbols
`A.2.2 General abbreviations
`A.3 Instructions for completing the PICS proforma
`A.3.1 General structure of the PICS proforma
`
`Copyright© 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.
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`A.3.2 Additional information
`A.3.3 Exception information
`A.3.4 Conditional status
`A.4 PICS proforma-ISO/IEC 8802-11: 1999
`A.4.1 Implementation identification
`A.4.2 Protocol summary, ISO/IEC 8802-11: 1999
`A.4.3 IUT configuration
`A.4.4 MAC protocol
`A.4.5 Frequency-Hopping PHY functions
`A.4.6 Direct sequence PHY functions
`A.4.7 Infrared baseband PHY functions
`
`Annex B (informative) Hopping sequences
`
`Annex C (normative) Formal description of MAC operation
`
`Introduction to the MAC formal description
`C. l
`C.2 Data type and operator definitions for the MAC state machines
`C.3 State Machines for MAC stations
`C.4 State machines for MAC access point
`
`Annex D (normative) ASN.l encoding of the MAC and PHY MIB
`
`Annex E (informative) Bibliography
`
`E.l General
`E.2 Specification and description language (SDL) documentation
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`

`Information technology-
`Telecommunications and information exchange
`between systems-
`Local and metropolitan area networks(cid:173)
`Specific requirements-
`Part 11 :Wireless LAN Medium Access
`Control (MAC) and Physical Layer
`(PHY) specifications
`
`1. Overview
`
`1.1 Scope
`
`The scope of this standard is to develop a medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifica(cid:173)
`tion for wireless connectivity for fixed, portable, and moving stations within a local area.
`
`1.2 Purpose
`
`The purpose of this standard is to provide wireless connectivity to automatic machinery, equipment, or sta(cid:173)
`tions that require rapid deployment, which may be portable or hand-held, or which may be mounted on mov(cid:173)
`ing vehicles within a local area. This standard also offers regulatory bodies a means of standardizing access
`to one or more frequency bands for the purpose of local area communication.
`
`Specifically, this standard
`
`Describes the functions and services required by an IEEE 802.11 compliant device to operate within
`ad hoc and infrastructure networks as well as the aspects of station mobility (transition) within those
`networks.
`Defines the MAC procedures to support the asynchronous MAC service data unit (MSDU) delivery
`services.
`Defines several PHY signaling techniques and interface functions that are controlled by the IEEE
`802.11 MAC.
`Permits the operation of an IEEE 802.11 conformant device within a wireless local area network
`(LAN) that may coexist with multiple overlapping IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs.
`Describes the requirements and procedures to provide privacy of user information being transferred
`over the wireless medium (WM) and authentication of IEEE 802.11 conformant