`
`ETSI Standard
`
`Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB);
`DVB interaction channel for Cable TV
`
`distribution systems (CATV)
`
`
`
`European Broadcasting Unior)
`
`
`
`
`Union Européenne de Ra
`
`
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`EXHIBIT 2005
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`EXHIBIT 2005
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`2
`
`ETSI ES 200 800 V1 .3.1 (2001-10)
`
`Reference
`RES/JTC-DVB—1 16
`
`Keywords
`broadcasting. cable, digital, DVB, interaction, TV,
`video
`
`ETSI
`
`650 Route des Lucioles
`F—06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE
`
`Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 4718
`
`Siret N“ 348 623 562 00017 — NAF 742 C
`Association a but non Iucratif enregistrée a la
`Sous-Prefecture de Grasse (06) N“ 7803/88
`
`Important notice
`
`Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from:
`http://wwwetstorg
`
`The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or
`perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF).
`In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive
`within ETSI Secretariat.
`
`Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
`Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
`http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
`
`If you find errors in the present document, send your comment to:
`editor@etsi.fr
`
`Copyright Notification
`
`No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
`The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
`
`© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2001.
`© European Broadcasting Union 2001.
`All rights reserved.
`
`ETSI
`
`EXHIBIT 2005
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`EXHIBIT 2005
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`3
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`ETSI ES 200 800 v1.3.1 (2001-10)
`
`Conte nts
`
`Intellectual Property Rights ................................................................................................................................ 7
`
`Foreword............................................................................................................................................................. 7
`
`1
`
`2
`
`3
`
`4
`
`4.1
`4.2
`
`Scope ........................................................................................................................................................ 8
`
`References ................................................................................................................................................ 8
`
`Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................... 9
`
`Reference Model for System Architecture of Narrowband Interaction Channels in a Broadcasting
`Scenario (Asymmetric Interactive Services) .......................................................................................... 10
`
`Protocol Stack Model ............................................................................................................................
`10
`System Model ................................................................................................................................................... l l
`
`5
`5.1
`5.1 . 1
`5.1.2
`5.1.3
`5.1.4
`5.2
`5.2.1
`5.2.1.1
`5.2.1.2
`5.2.1.3
`5.2.1.4
`5.2.1.5
`5.2.1.6
`5.2.1.7
`5.2.1.8
`5.2.2
`5.2.3
`5.2.3.1
`5.2.3.2
`5.2.3.3
`5.2.3 .4
`5.2.3.5
`5.2.3.6
`5.2.3 .7
`5.2.3.8
`5.2.3.9
`5.2.3.10
`5.2.3.11
`5.2.3.12
`5.3
`5.3.1
`5.3.1.1
`5.3.1.2
`
`5.3.1.3
`5.3.2
`5.3.2.1
`5.3.2.2
`5.3.3
`5.3.3.1
`5.3.4
`5.4
`5.4.1
`5.4.2
`
`DVB Interaction Channel Specification for CATV Networks ............................................................... 13
`
`System Concept .................................................................................
`1 3
`Out—0f—Band/In-Band Principle .................................................................................................................. 13
`Spectrum Allocation ................................................................................................................................ 13
`
`
`FDM/TDMA Multiple Access ............
`14
`Bit Rates and Framing ................................................................................................................................ 15
`Lower Physical Layer Specification ................................................................................................................. 16
`
`Forward Interaction Path (Downstream 00B)
`1 8
`Frequency Range (Downstream 00B) ................................................................................................. 18
`Modulation and Mapping (Downstream OOB) ..................................................................................... 18
`
`....19
`Shaping Filter (Downstream 00B) .......................
`Randomizer (Downstream OOB) .......................................................................................................... 20
`Bit Rate (Downstream OOB) ................................................................................................................ 21
`
`....21
`Receiver power level (Downstream OOB)
`Sunnnary (Downstream OOB) .............................................................................................................. 21
`Bit Error Rate Downstream OOB (Informative) ................................................................................... 22
`
`....22
`Forward Interaction Path (Downstream IB) ..............................
`Return Interaction Path (Upstream) ............................................................................................................ 22
`Frequency Range (Upstream) ................................................................................................................ 22
`....22
`Modulation and Mapping (Upstream) .....
`
`Shaping Filter (Upstream) ...................................................................................................................... 24
`Randomizer (Upstream) ........................................................................................................................ 25
`
`....25
`Pre Equalizer ..........................
`Bit Rate (Upstream) .............................................................................................................................. 26
`Transmit Power Level (Upstream) ........................................................................................................ 26
`
`....26
`Upstream Burst Power and Timing Profiles .................
`Interference (Spurious) Suppression ..................................................................................................... 27
`Summary (Upstream) ............................................................................................................................ 28
`Packet loss Upstream (Informative) .....
`....29
`
`Maximum Cable Delay ......................................................................................................................... 29
`Framing ............................................................................................................................................................ 29
`....29
`Forward Interaction Path (Downstream OOB) .........................
`
`Signalling Link Extended Superframe Framing Format ....................................................................... 29
`Frame overhead ..................................................................................................................................... 30
`
`Payload Structure ..................................................
`....31
`Forward Interaction Path (Downstream 1B) ................................................................................................ 38
`IB Signalling MPEGZ—TS Format (MAC Control Message) ................................................................ 38
`
`Frequency of IE Signalling Information ............................................ 41
`
`Return Interaction Path (Upstream) ...............................................................................................41
`
`Slot Format ..................................................................................................................................... 41
`
`
`............... 43
`Minimum Processing Time...
`
`Slot Timing Assignment ............................................................................................................... 44
`
`Downstream Slot Position Reference (Downstream OOB) ............................................. 44
`Downstream Slot Position Reference (Downstream IB) ............................................................................. 44
`
`ETS,
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`EXHIBIT 2005
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`EXHIBIT 2005
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`4
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`ETSI ES 200 800 V1 .3.1 (2001 -1 0)
`
`5.4.3
`5.4.3.1
`5.4.3.2
`5.4.3.3
`5.4.3.4
`5.4.4
`5.5
`5.5.1
`5.5.2
`5.5.2.1
`5.5.2.2
`5.5.2.3
`5.5.2.4
`5.5.2.5
`5.5.2.6
`5.5.2.7
`5.5.3
`5.5.3.1
`5.5.3.2
`5.5.4
`5.5.4.1
`5.5.4.2
`5.5.4.3
`5.5.4.4
`5.5.4.5
`5.5.5
`5.5.5.1
`5.5.5.2
`5.5.6
`5.5.7
`5.5.8
`5.5.9
`5.5.10
`5.5.10.1
`5.5.10.2
`5.5.10.3
`5.5.10.4
`5.6
`5.6.1
`5.6.2
`5.6.3
`5.7
`5.7.1
`5.7.2
`5.7.3
`5.7.4
`5.7.5
`5.7.5.1
`5.7.5.2
`5.7.6
`5.8
`5.8.1
`5.8.1.1
`5.8.1.2
`5.8.1.3
`5.8.1.4
`5.8.2
`5.8.3
`5.8.4
`5.8.5
`5.8.6
`5.8.6.1
`
`
`
`Upstream Slot Positions .............................................................................................................................. 46
`Rate 256 kbit/s QPSK, 512 kbit/s 16QAM ........................................................................................... 47
`Rate 1,544 Mbit/s QPSK, 3,088 Mbit/s 16QAM .................................................................................. 47
`
`Rate 3,088 Mbit/s QPSK, 6,176 Mbit/s 16QAM ........................... 48
`Rate 6,176 Mbit/s QPSK, 12,352 Mbit/s 16QAM ................................................................................ 49
`...................................................................................................... 50
`Slot Position Counter
`
`MAC Functionality.................
`.................................. 52
`
`
`MAC Reference Model ................................................................................ 52
`MAC Concept ...................................................................................................................................... 53
`
`Relationship Between Higher Layers and MAC Protocol.............. 53
`Relationship Between Physical Layer and MAC Protocol .................................................................... 53
`Relationship Between Physical Layer Slot Position Counter and MAC Slot Assignment.................... 55
`Access Modes (Contention/Ranging/Fixed rate/Reservation) .................................................... 56
`
`MAC Error Handling Procedures ................................................................................................... 5 7
`
`.............................................. 57
`MAC Messages in the Mini Slots
`
`
`MAC Message Format .......................... 60
`MAC Initialization and Provisioning ................................................................................................... 63
`
`<MAC> Provisioning Channel Message (Broadcast Downstream) ...................................................... 64
`<MAC> Default Configuration Message (Broadcast Downstream) .............................. 65
`
`
`Sign On and Calibration ......................................................................................................... 70
`
`................... 71
`<MAC> Sign-On Request Message (Broadcast Downstream)
`
`<MAC> Sign-On Response Message (Upstream Ranging) ..................................................... 72
`<MAC> Ranging and Power Calibration Message (Singlecast Downstream) ...................................... 74
`<MAC> Ranging and Power Calibration Response Message (Upstream Ranging or reserved) .......... 76
`<MAC> Initialization Complete Message (Singlecast Downstream) ................................................... 76
`Connection Establishment ...................................................................................................... 76
`
`Establishment of the First (Initial) Connection ............................... 77
`
`Establishment of Additional Connections ....................................... 86
`
`Connection Release ............................................................................... 91
`
`Fixed Rate Access .................................................................... 92
`
`Contention Based Access ......................................................... 92
`
`........................... 93
`Reservation Access ...............
`
`
`MAC Link Management .............................................................. 100
`
`Power, Timing and Equalizer Management
`............................ 100
`
`TDMA Allocation Management ................................................ 100
`
`Channel Error Management ................................................... 109
`
`Link Management Messages ............................................................. 109
`
`Minislots ........................................................................... 1 16
`
`
`Carrying Minislots ...................................................................................................... 116
`
`Minislot framing structure ................................................................................... 116
`
`................. 117
`Contention resolution for minislots
`
`
`Header Suppression ................................................................................................................. 118
`
`The Suppression Scheme ................................................................................................... 118
`
`................. 1 19
`Suppression Algorithm ..............................
`
`
`Negotiation of the Suppression Scheme ........................................................................... 120
`
`Suppression Header .............................................................................................................. 121
`
`............. 121
`Header Suppression <MAC> Messages
`<MAC> Suppression Data Message ............................................................................................. 121
`
`<MAC> Suppression Acknowledgment Message ........................................................................ 123
`
`Suppression of RTP sessions .......................................................... 123
`Security (optional) .................................................................................................................................... 125
`
`Cryptographic primitives ............................................................................................................. 125
`
`...... 126
`Public key exchange...
`
`Hashing ............................................................................................................................................... 126
`Encryption ............................... L ........................................................................................................... 127
`
`Pseudo-random numbers........... 127
`Main Key Exchange, MKE ....................................................................................................................... 127
`Quick Key Exchange, QKE ...................................................................................................................... 128
`
`Explicit Key Exchange, EKE”
`...... 128
`Key derivation .......................................................................................................................................... 129
`Data stream processing ............................ '. ................................................................................................ 1‘29
`Payload streams ................................................................................................................................... 129
`
`ETSI
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`EXHIBIT 2005
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`EXHIBIT 2005
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`5
`
`ETSI ES 200 800 V1.3.1 (2001-10)
`
`5.8.6.2
`5.8.6.3
`5.8.6.4
`5.8.7
`5.8.8
`
`5.8.8.1
`5.8.9
`5.8.9.1
`5.8.9.2
`5.8.9.3
`5.8.9.4
`5.8.9.5
`5.8.9.6
`5.8.9.7
`5.8.9.8
`5.8.9.9
`
`6
`6.1
`
`6.1.1
`6.1.1.1
`6.1.1.2
`6.1.2
`6.1.2.1
`6.1.2.2
`
`6.1.3
`6.1.4
`6.1.5
`6.2
`6.2.1
`6.2.1.1
`6.2.1.2
`
`6.2.2
`6.3
`
`6.3.1
`6.3.1.1
`6.3.1.2
`6.3.2
`6.3.3
`6.3.4
`
`6.3.5
`6.3.6
`6.3.7
`
`Data encryption ................................................................................................................................... 129
`Encryption flags .................................................................................................................................. 130
`Chaining and initialization vector
`....................... 130
`
`Security Establishment ............................................................................................................................. 130
`Persistent state variables ........................................................................................................................... 131
`
`Guaranteed delivery ............................... 131
`
`Security MAC Messages .......................................................................................................................... 132
`<MAC>Security Sign—On (Single-cast Downstream) ......................................................................... 132
`<MAC>Security Sign-On Response (Upstream) ....................................... 133
`
`<MAC>Main Key Exchange (Single-cast Downstream) .................................................................... 133
`<MAC>Main Key Exchange Response (Upstream) ........................................................................... 134
`<MAC>Quick Key Exchange (Single-cast Downstream) ................................ 135
`
`<MAC>Quick Key Exchange Response (Upstream) .......................................................................... 135
`<MAC>EXp1icit Key Exchange (Single—cast Downstream) ................................................................ 136
`<MAC>Exp1icit Key Exchange Response (Upstream) ..................................... 136
`
`<MAC>Wait (Upstream) .................................................................................................................... 137
`
`137
`Interactive Cable STB/Cable Data Modem Mid Layer Protocol .....................
`
`Direct IP ................................................................................................................................. 137
`
`Framing ......................................................................... 137
`
`Upstream and 00B Downstream............................ 137
`
`1B Downstream ....................................................... 137
`
`Addressing .............................................................................................................. 138
`1P Broadcast and Multicast from STB/NIU to INA ............................ 138
`
`....................... 138
`IP Broadcast and Multicast from INA to STB/NIU ............
`
`IP Address Assignment .................................................................................................. 138
`
`INA Interfaces (Informative) .............................................................. 138
`
`NIU/STB Interfaces (Informative) ...................................................... 138
`
`Ethernet MAC Bridging .................................................................... 139
`
`Framing ........................................................................................... 139
`Upstream and 00B Downstream.............................................. 139
`
`IB Downstream ................................................ 139
`
`Addressing
`.................................. 139
`
`PPP ..................................... 139
`
`Framing .................................................................. 139
`Upstream and 00B Downstream..................... 139
`
`1B Downstream ................................
`................ 140
`
`
`Addressing ................................................... 140
`IP Address Assigmnent ............................................................. 140
`
`Additional IP addresses .......................................... 140
`
`Security ........................................
`.................................. 140
`
`INA Interfaces (informative) ....................................................... 140
`NIU/STB Interfaces (informative) ............................................................................................................ 140
`
`57s:
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`EXHIBIT 2005
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`EXHIBIT 2005
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`6
`
`ETSI ES 200 800 V1.3.1 (2001-10)
`
`Annex A (informative):
`
`MAC State Transitions and Time Outs ..................................................... 141
`
`A1
`
`Initialization, Provisioning, Sign—On and Calibration .......................................................................... 142
`
`A.2 Connection Establishment .................................................................................................................... 145
`
`A3 Connection Release .............................................................................................................................. 147
`
`A.4 Reservation Process .............................................................................................................................. 147
`
`A.5 Resource Request ................................................................................................................................. 149
`
`A. 6 Recalibration ........................................................................................................................................ 15 1
`
`A7 Reprovision Message ........................................................................................................................... 151
`
`AS Transmission Control Message ............................................................................................................ 151
`
`A.9
`
`Status Request Message ....................................................................................................................... 152
`
`A. 10 Idle Message ......................................................................................................................................... 153
`
`Annex B (informative):
`
`MAC Primitives ........................................................................................... 154
`
`B.l
`B11
`B. 1 .1 .1
`B.1 . 1.2
`13.1.1.3
`B. 1 . l .4
`B. l . l .5
`13.1.1.6
`B.1.1.7
`B. l .1 .8
`B.1.2
`13.1.2.1
`B. 1 .2.2
`
`Control and Resource Primitives .......................................................................................................... 155
`011 STB/CM side ............................................................................................................................................ 155
`
`<Prim> MAC_ACTIVATION_REQ ........................................................................... 155
`<P1‘in1> MAC_ACTIVATION_CNF .................................................................................. 155
`<Prim> MAC_CONNECT_IND .............................................................................................................. 156
`<Prim>MACHRSV_ID_IND .................................................................................................................... 157
`<Prim> MAC_RELEASE_IND ............................................................................................................... 15 8
`<Prim> MAC_RESOURCE_REQ ........................................................................................................... 158
`<Prim>MAC_RESOURCEiCNF ............................................................................................................ 159
`<Prim>MAC_RESOURCE_DENIED_IND ............................................. 15 9
`
`On INA side .................................................................................................... 160
`
`<Prim> MAC_INA_RESOURCE_REQ .............................................................................................. 160
`<Prim> MAC_INA_RESOURCE_IND ................................................................................................... 161
`
`B2 Data Primitives ..................................................................................................................................... 163
`13.2.1
`<Prim> DLWDATAJND ............................................................................................................................... 163
`13.2.2
`<Prim> DL_DATA_REQ .............................................................................................................................. 163
`<Prim> MAC_DATA_IND ........................................................................................................................... 163
`13.2.3
`
`<Prim> MAC_DATA_REQ ................................................................................................................ 164
`13.2.4
`B.2.5
`<Prim> MAC__DATA_CONF ........................................................................................................................ 164
`
`B3
`B.3.1
`B.3.2
`B.3.3
`B.3.4
`
`Example MAC Control Scenarios ........................................................................................................ 165
`Example MAC Control Scenario on STB/CM Side ....................................................................................... 165
`Example Resource Management Scenario on STB/CM Side....
`................................................-........... 166
`
`Example Resource Management Scenario on INA Side ...........
`
`Example Upstream Data Transfer Scenarios ................................................................................................ 168
`
`Annex C (informative):
`
`Bibliography ................................................................................................. 169
`
`History ............................................................................................................................................................ 170
`
`ETSI
`
`EXHIBIT 2005
`
`EXHIBIT 2005
`
`
`
`7
`
`ETSI ES 200 800 V1 .3.1 (2001-10)
`
`
`
`Intellectual Property Rights
`
`IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
`pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non—members, and can be found
`in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRS); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETS1 in
`respect ofETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
`server (http://wwwetsi.org/legal/home.htm).
`
`Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
`can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
`server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
`
`
`
`Foreword
`
`This ETSI Standard (ES) has been produced by Joint Technical Committee (JTC) of the European Broadcasting Union
`(EBU), Comité Europe’en dc Normalisation Electrotechnique (CENELEC) and the European Telecommunications
`Standards Institute (ETSI).
`
`NOTE:
`
`The EBU/ETSI JTC Broadcast was established in 1990 to co—ordinate the drafting of standards in the
`specific field of broadcasting and related fields. Since 1995 the JTC Broadcast became a tripartite body
`by including in the Memorandum of Understanding also CENELEC, which is responsible for the
`standardization of radio and television receivers. The EBU is a professional association of broadcasting
`organizations whose work includes the co—ordination of its members' activities in the technical, legal,
`programme-making and programme-exchange domains. The EBU has active members in about 60
`countries in the European broadcasting area; its headquarters is in Geneva.
`
`European Broadcasting Union
`CH-1218 GRAND SACONNEX (Geneva)
`Switzerland
`Tel:
`+41 22 717 21 11
`Fax:
`+41 22 717 24 81
`
`Founded in September 1993, the DVB Project is a market-led consortium of public and private sector organizations in
`the television industry. Its aim is to establish the framework for the introduction of MPEG-2 based digital television
`services. NOW comprising over 200 organizations from more than 25 countrics around the world, DVB fosters
`market-led systems, which meet the real needs, and economic circumstances, of the consumer electronics and the
`broadcast industry.
`
`ETS,
`
`EXHIBIT 2005
`
`EXHIBIT 2005
`
`
`
`8
`
`ETSI ES 200 800 v1.3.1 (2001-10)
`
` 1
`
`Scope
`
`The present document is the baseline specification for the provision of the interaction channel for CATV networks.
`
`It is not intended to specify a return channel solution associated to each broadcast system because the inter-operability
`of different delivery media to transport the return channel is desirable.
`
`The solutions provided in the present document for interaction channel for CATV networks are a part of a wider set of
`alternatives to implement interactive services for Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) systems.
`
` 2
`
`References
`
`The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
`document.
`
`0 References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
`non—specific.
`
`I For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
`
`0 For a non—specific reference, the latest version applies.
`
`[1]
`
`[2]
`
`[3]
`
`[4]
`
`[5]
`
`[6]
`
`[7]
`
`[8]
`
`[9]
`
`[10]
`
`[l l]
`
`[12]
`
`[l3]
`
`[14]
`
`[15]
`
`[l6]
`
`[l7]
`
`ITU—T Recommendation 1.361 (1999): "B-ISDN ATM layer specification".
`
`ITU-T Recommendation 1.363: "B-ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) specification".
`
`Void.
`
`Void.
`
`IETF RFC 2104: "HMAC: Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication".
`
`ETSI EN 301 192: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB specification for data broadcasting".
`
`ETSI EN 300 429: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and
`modulation for cable systems".
`
`IETF RFC 1483: "Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5".
`
`IETF RFC 2131: "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol".
`
`IETF RFC 951: "Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP)“.
`
`IETF RFC 791: "Internet Protocol".
`
`Void.
`
`IETF RFC 2236: "Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 2".
`
`ETSI TR 100 815: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Guidelines for the handling of
`Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) signals in DVB systems".
`
`ISO/IEC 8802—3: "Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange
`between systems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Specific requirements -
`Part 3: Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) access method and
`physical layer specifications".
`
`ITU-T Recommendation 1.432: "B—ISDN User—Network Interface — Physical layer specification".
`
`ETSI TR 101 196: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel for Cable TV
`distribution systems (CATV); Guidelines for the use of ETS 300 800".
`
`ETSI
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`EXHIBIT 2005
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`EXHIBIT 2005
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`
`[18]
`
`[19]
`
`[20]
`
`[21]
`
`[22]
`
`[23]
`
`[24]
`
`[25]
`
`9
`
`ETSI ES 200 800 v1.3.1 (2001-10)
`
`ETSI EN 301 199: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel for Local Multi—point
`Distribution Systems (LMDS)".
`
`EN 50083—2: "Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services -
`Part2: Electromagnetic compatibility for equipment".
`
`ISO/IEC 138184: "Information technology — Generic coding of moving pictures and associated
`audio information: Systems".
`
`ETSI EN 300 468: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for Service Information (SI)
`in DVB systems".
`
`IETF RFC 2364: "PPP Over AALS".
`
`IETF RFC 1332: "The PPP Internet Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP)”.
`
`ETSI ETS 300 800: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction chamiel for Cable TV
`distribution systems (CATV)".
`
`ETSI ES 200 800 (V1.2.l): "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB interaction channel for
`Cable TV distribution systems (CATV)".
`
`3
`
`Abbrevnatlons
`
`For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
`
`ATM
`BC
`BIM
`BRA
`
`Asynchronous Transfer Mode
`Broadcast Channel
`Broadcast Interface Module
`Basic Rate Access
`
`Community Antenna TeleVision (System)
`CATV
`Cipher Block Chaining
`CBC
`Cable Modem
`CM
`Connection ID Connection Identificator
`
`CRC
`DAVIC
`DCE
`DES
`D-H
`DL
`
`DTE
`DTMF
`DVB
`EKE
`FAS
`FIFO
`
`GSTN
`HEC
`
`HMAC
`1B
`IC
`IIM
`
`INA
`IQ
`1RD
`ISDN
`IV
`
`LFSR
`LSB
`MAC
`
`MKE
`MMDS
`
`Cyclic Redundancy Check
`Digital Audiovisual Council
`Data Communication Equipment
`Data Encryption Standard
`Diffie—Hellman
`Data Link
`
`Data Termination Equipment
`Dual Tone Multifrequeney (dialling mode)
`Digital Video Broadcasting
`Explicit Key Exchange
`Frame Alignment Signal
`First In First Out
`
`General Switched Telephone Network
`Header Error Control
`
`Hash—based Message Authentic