`

`Commissioner for Patents
`September 20, 2013
`Page2
`
`the application consisting of:
`
`a.
`
`b.
`
`c.
`
`An Application Data Sheet (37 C.F.R. § 1.76);
`
`Signed Inventors' Declarations;
`
`A specification containing:
`
`L
`
`11.
`
`Twenty-Nine (29) pages of description prior to the claims;
`
`Five (5) page of claims (thirty (30) claims); and
`
`111.
`
`A one (1) page abstract; and
`
`d.
`
`Four (4) sheets of drawings: (Figures I, 2, 3, 4a and 4b);
`
`Power of Attorney to Prosecute Applications Before the USPTO Form
`(PTO/SB/80);
`
`Statement Under 37 C.F.R. § 3.73(c); and
`
`Preliminary Amendment Under 37 C.F.R. § 1.115.
`
`6.
`
`7.
`
`8.
`
`The above-listed documents are filed electronically through EFS-Web.
`
`Fee payment is provided via EFS-Web. The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office is hereby
`authorized to charge any fee deficiency, or credit any overpayment, to our Deposit Account No.
`19-0036.
`
`Respectfulj,Y submitted,
`
`,
`
`ST~~~,(~,;LER, G0:,:_98J~:~;'.~ Fox P.L.L.C.
`/i'ft;f;::;l:.:}:7t~
`
`Micnael V. Messinger
`Attorney for Applicants
`Registration No. 37,575
`
`MVM/S-B/srb
`Enclosures
`
`1740213.1
`
`·:.:.::: ·•·,' , ..... :::: •, .:-:
`
`:·::;: ...
`
`:.: ...... -.. -.
`:•-/
`,•,•·::,::·-: ·-···· ·--··•--.•:'-.::_::_ .. _ ..
`
`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 2
`
`

`

`/--
`
`PTO/AIA/15 (03-13)
`Approved for use through 01/31/2014. 0MB 0651-0032
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`Under the PaJ.ierwork Reduction Act of 1995 no .-;ersons are re,\uire(! to resR9nd 19 a collection of information unless it dis&la1s a valid 0MB control number
`.............................. ~ ....................... ,, .. , .. , .. ,., .................... , .. , .......... , .. , ................ ,.,,,,.: "-""'
`......... , .. , .. , .. , •• ,,,.,,, .. , .. ,,,.,., ................... , ........................ ,.,.,.,.,.:a,_-.,_-..,.:a,c """"" ... ""'"'" ...
`UTILITY
`2855.0050007
`Attorney Docket No.
`PATENT APPUCATION
`TRAN SM ITT Al
`
`"""
`1
`..................... ,.,.,.,,._.._.._.._.._ ... ..._..._..._..._..._..._..._..._..._..._..._ ... ,.:-,_ ..
`
`First Named Inventor
`
`James J. FALLON
`
`Title
`
`See 1 in Addendum
`
`Express Mail Label No. l
`
`,._ ... ,.,.:a,_-.,_-..,.,.""..._..._..._..,_ ... ,.:a,_-.. ___ ,. ___ ,...,._..,_..._ ... ,.,._
`
`(Only for new nonprovisional applications under 37 CFR 1.53{b))
`
`~..,..;:::::;.;.;.;.;;;;;;;;;;;~.'•'-"-"-"-"-"-..._.._.._,,_,,._;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;',.',.',_',."'-.',.',_'..',.",.;',.',.',.'..'..'..":-"-"-"-"-"--.,_-.._.,_-.,_-.,_-.,_-.,_-.,_-.,_-.._-.,_-.,_-.,_-.,_-.,_-.,_-.,_-.._ >C - - -
`
`,-.,_-.._-.._-.: -
`
`- -.. - - -..-..-..-,..
`
`APPLICATION ELEMENTS
`See MPEP chapter 600 concerning utility patent application contents.
`
`ADDRESS TO:
`
`1.(cid:143) Fee Transmittal Form
`2.(cid:143) Applicant asserts small entity status.
`
`{PTO/SB/17 or equivalent}
`
`See 37 CFR 1.27
`
`Commissioner for Patents
`P.O. Box 1450
`Alexandria, VA 22313-1450
`
`ACCOMPANYING APPLICATION PAPERS
`10. l .. ...i Assignment Papers
`(cover sheet & document(s))
`Name of Assignee Realtime Data LLC
`
`............................ ,.,, ...... -~,.,.,,,, ___
`
`:l.n Applicilnt certifies micro entity status. See 37 CFR 1.29.
`Appl:Cant must attach form PTO/SB/15.A. or B or ~Quiva!ent.
`... s~:-:~
`4.[Rj Specification
`[Tota! Pages
`Both the dalms and abstract must start on a new page.
`(See t\·1PEP § 608.01 {o) for lrtformation on the preferred arrangement)
`s.!Xi
`4
`Drawing{s) (35 U.5.C. 113)
`2
`6. hwentor's Oath or Dedarntion
`[Totai Pages
`(including substitute statements under 37 CFR 1.64 and assignments
`sEni/ng as an oath or declaration under 37 CFR 1.63{e)}
`
`[Total Sheets
`
`1
`
`1
`
`a IBJ Newly executed (original or copy)
`7.IBJ Application Data Sheet
`
`b.n A copy from a prior application (37 CFR l.63(d))
`~ See note f;eloi,v.
`See 37 CfR 1.76 (PTO/A!A/14 or eq11iva!erit)
`CD-ROM or CO-R
`in duplicate, iarge ti!b!e~ er Computer Program {Appendix)
`
`8.
`
`9. Nucleotide and/or Amino Acid Sequence Submission
`(if applicable, items a. - c. are required)
`
`a.o Computer Readable Form (CRF)
`
`(cid:143) Landscape Table on CD
`b.(cid:143) Specification Sequence Listing on:
`i. D CD-ROM or CD-R (2 copies); or
`
`ii.D Paper
`
`c.n Statements verifying identity of above copies
`
`1 11.[Xl 37 cm 3.73(c) Statement
`(when there ls w:, as.sfgnr:e}
`
`00 Power of Attorney
`
`11 (cid:143) English Translation Document
`
`-·
`
`1
`
`(d applicable)
`l3. [ ] Information Di,dosurn Statement
`(PTGjSS/08 o, PTO+l,19)
`i.. ... J Copies of citations attached
`14.IBJ Preliminary Amendment
`15.(cid:143) Return Rei:eipt Postcard
`16.(cid:143) Certified Copy of Priority Documerit(s)
`
`(!Vi Pf P § 50:f) {Shau!d he spectfically 1temfted)
`
`(ff foreign priority is claimed}
`17.n Nonpublication Request
`Under 35 U.S.C. 122(b)(2)(B)(i). Applicant must attach form PTO/SB/35
`or equivalent.
`18.[Z] Other: Authorization under 37 CFR 1, 136{a,!(3_};
`Request for Prioritized Examination _under ....
`37 CFR 1.102(e)
`
`--------------·
`~~--......... ~ ........................ --
`
`*Note: (1) Benefit claims under 37 CFR 1.78 and foreign priority claims under 1.55 must be included in an Application Data Sheet (ADS).
`(2) For applications filed under 35 U.S.C. 111, the application must contain an ADS specifying the applicant if the applicant is an
`assignee, person to whom the inventor is under an obligation to assign, or person who otherwise shows sufficient proprietary
`interest in the matter. See 37 CFR l.46(b).
`19. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
`
`~ The address associated with Customer Number:
`
`26111
`
`OR (cid:143) Correspondence address below
`~----........................................................... ,., ............................................ , ..
`
`Name
`
`Address
`.,, .. -...-...-...-...-...-...-...-...-...-...-...-...-...-...-...-...-...-...
`City
`
`Country
`
`( Signature
`
`l I Name
`
`\_ (Print/Type)
`
`1740070 .. 1
`
`,.. ................. -...-...-...-...-... ... -...-... .............. ,,,
`
`<
`
`Zip Code
`
`----·r , .......... s~:te 'T"' · "'"""'" · · · .. · · · · · · · ·"' ·, · · · · · -,, .. · · · · · 1
`Tel<;'.phone !
`l
`!
`!
`__ ,, .. i~'.:::::::i~:::;;,:-t::r"'\
`.. •···:~::::: .. -·:;;;;t-·?:11;;;.~
`r
`,,l'':.
`Messinger
`~• Michael V.
`
`Date
`
`Email
`
`--]
`
`,if'
`
`i~; .... ti··· i-~ ...... ·::. ,:5
`Registration No.
`(Attorney/ Agent) 37,575
`This collection of information is required by 37 CFR l.53(b). The information is required to obtain or retain a benefit by the public which is to file (and by the USPTO
`to process) an application. Confidentiality is governed by 35 U.5.C. 122 and 37 CFR 1.11 and 1.14. This collection is estimated to take 12 minutes to complete,
`including gathering, preparing, and submitting the completed application form to the USPTO. Time will vary depending upon the individual case. Any comments on
`the amount of time you require to complete this form and/or suggestions for reducing this burden, should be sent to the Chief Information Officer, U.S. Patent and
`Trademark Office, U.S. Department of Commerce, P.O. Box 1450, Alexandria, VA 22313-1450. DO NOT SEND FEES OR COMPLETED FORMS TO THIS ADDRESS. SEND
`TO: Commissioner for Patents, P.O. Box 1450, Alexandria, VA 22313-1450.
`If you need assistance in completing the form, call 1-800-PTO-9199 and select option 2.
`
`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 3
`
`

`

`Addendum
`
`l, Bandwidth Sensitive Data Compression and Decompression
`
`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 4
`
`

`

`

`

`

`

`

`

`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`In re application of:
`FALLON et al.
`Appl. No.: To Be Assigned
`(Continuation of Appl. No. 13/154,239;
`Filed: June 6, 2011)
`Filed: Herewith
`For: Bandwidth Sensitive Data
`Compression and Decompression
`
`Confirmation No.: To Be Assigned
`Art Unit: To Be Assigned
`Examiner: To Be Assigned
`Atty. Docket: 2855.0050007
`
`Preliminary Amendment Under 37 C.F~R. § 1.115
`
`Mail Stop Amendment
`
`Commissioner for Patents
`PO Box 1450
`Alexandria, VA 22313-1450
`
`Commissioner:
`
`In advance of prosecution, Applicants submit the following amendment.
`
`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 8
`
`

`

`

`

`Electronic Patent Application Fee Transmittal
`
`Application Number:
`
`Filing Date:
`
`Title of Invention:
`
`BANDWIDTH SENSITIVE DATA COMPRESSION AND DECOMPRESSION
`
`First Named Inventor/Applicant Name:
`
`James J. Fallon
`
`Filer:
`
`Shawn Michael Buchanan/Jeanette Yanda
`
`Attorney Docket Number:
`
`2855.0050007
`
`Filed as Large Entity
`
`Track I Prioritized Examination - Non provisional Application under 35 USC 111 (a) Filing Fees
`
`Description
`
`Fee Code
`
`Quantity
`
`Amount
`
`Sub-Total in
`USO($)
`
`Basic Filing:
`
`Pages:
`
`Claims:
`
`Utility application filing
`
`Utility Search Fee
`
`Utility Examination Fee
`
`Request for Prioritized Examination
`
`Claims in Excess of 20
`
`Independent claims in excess of 3
`
`1011
`
`1111
`
`1311
`
`1817
`
`1202
`
`1201
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`1
`
`10
`
`1
`
`280
`
`600
`
`720
`
`280
`
`600
`
`720
`
`4000
`
`4000
`
`80
`
`420
`
`800
`
`420
`
`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 10
`
`

`

`Description
`
`Fee Code
`
`Quantity
`
`Amount
`
`Sub-Total in
`USO($)
`
`Miscellaneous-Filing:
`
`Publ. Fee- Early, Voluntary, or Normal
`
`OTHER PUBLICATION PROCESSING FEE
`
`1504
`
`1808
`
`1
`
`1
`
`300
`
`130
`
`300
`
`130
`
`Petition:
`
`Patent-Appeals-and-Interference:
`
`Post-Allowance-and-Post-Issuance:
`
`Extension-of-Time:
`
`Miscellaneous:
`
`Total in USD ($)
`
`7250
`
`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 11
`
`

`

`Electronic Acknowledgement Receipt
`
`EFSID:
`
`Application Number:
`
`16919080
`
`14033245
`
`International Application Number:
`
`Confirmation Number:
`
`9902
`
`Title of Invention:
`
`BANDWIDTH SENSITIVE DATA COMPRESSION AND DECOMPRESSION
`
`First Named Inventor/Applicant Name:
`
`James J. Fallon
`
`Customer Number:
`
`26111
`
`Filer:
`
`Shawn Michael Buchanan/Jeanette Yanda
`
`Filer Authorized By:
`
`Shawn Michael Buchanan
`
`Attorney Docket Number:
`
`2855.0050007
`
`Receipt Date:
`
`20-SEP-2013
`
`Filing Date:
`
`Time Stamp:
`
`19:16:35
`
`Application Type:
`
`Utility under 35 USC 111 (a)
`
`Payment information:
`
`Submitted with Payment
`
`Payment Type
`
`Payment was successfully received in RAM
`
`RAM confirmation Number
`
`yes
`
`Credit Card
`
`$7250
`
`8337
`
`Deposit Account
`
`Authorized User
`
`File Listing:
`Document I
`Number
`
`Document Description
`
`File Name
`
`I
`
`File Size(Bytes)/ I Multi I Pages
`(if appl.)
`Message Digest
`Part /.zip
`
`I
`
`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 12
`
`

`

`1
`
`28550050007-application.pdf
`
`yes
`
`58
`
`7671999
`
`Multipart Description/PDF files in .zip description
`
`1 aaa77 cb7cabebe870d6aaff1 el a5f33315e
`310b
`
`Document Description
`
`Start
`
`End
`
`Transmittal of New Application
`
`Transmittal of New Application
`
`TrackOne Request
`
`Authorization for Extension of Time all replies
`
`Application Data Sheet
`
`Oath or Declaration filed
`
`Specification
`
`Claims
`
`Abstract
`
`Drawings-only black and white line drawings
`
`Power of Attorney
`
`Assignee showing of ownership per 37 CFR 3.73.
`
`Preliminary Amendment
`
`1
`
`3
`
`5
`
`6
`
`7
`
`13
`
`15
`
`44
`
`49
`
`50
`
`54
`
`55
`
`57
`
`2
`
`4
`
`5
`
`6
`
`12
`
`14
`
`43
`
`48
`
`49
`
`53
`
`54
`
`56
`
`58
`
`Warnings:
`
`Information:
`
`2
`
`Fee Worksheet (SB06)
`
`fee-info.pdf
`
`no
`
`2
`
`43212
`
`b801441 dda4c911 e315eecfe1839b0f76b4
`80127
`
`Warnings:
`
`Information:
`
`Total Files Size (in bytes)
`
`7715211
`
`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 13
`
`

`

`This Acknowledgement Receipt evidences receipt on the noted date by the USPTO of the indicated documents,
`characterized by the applicant, and including page counts, where applicable. It serves as evidence of receipt similar to a
`Post Card, as described in MPEP 503.
`
`New Applications Under 35 U.S.C. 111
`If a new application is being filed and the application includes the necessary components for a filing date (see 37 CFR
`1.53(b)-(d) and MPEP 506), a Filing Receipt (37 CFR 1.54) will be issued in due course and the date shown on this
`Acknowledgement Receipt will establish the filing date of the application.
`
`National Stage of an International Application under 35 U.S.C. 371
`If a timely submission to enter the national stage of an international application is compliant with the conditions of 35
`U.S.C. 371 and other applicable requirements a Form PCT/DO/EO/903 indicating acceptance of the application as a
`national stage submission under 35 U.S.C. 371 will be issued in addition to the Filing Receipt, in due course.
`
`New International Application Filed with the USPTO as a Receiving Office
`If a new international application is being filed and the international application includes the necessary components for
`an international filing date (see PCT Article 11 and MPEP 181 O), a Notification of the International Application Number
`and of the International Filing Date (Form PCT/RO/1 OS) will be issued in due course, subject to prescriptions concerning
`national security, and the date shown on this Acknowledgement Receipt will establish the international filing date of
`the application.
`
`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 14
`
`

`

`

`

`

`

`

`

`

`

`PTO/AIA/14 (03-13)
`Approved for use through 01/31/2014. 0MB 0651-0032
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, no persons are required to respond to a collection of information unless it contains a valid 0MB control number.
`--·----·-------------~
`
`I Attorney Docket Nu~-;;~;---1 ·--2855-.-oosooo?________
`76
`__ _r--A-ppii~~lion_ Number ________ --·'_--__ .......................... ________________
`
`1
`'
`
`CFR
`
`-------------
`
`__________ _
`
`'
`
`. .
`. ~~-~-~'.-~~~-•-~-:--~~~-~--~-~-~~-t 37
`i Title of Invention
`L--------
`
`'
`i Bandwidth Sensitive Data Compression and Decompression
`i
`
`- - - - - - - - • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •HHn • • • • • •n • • • • •~ - - - - - - - - - - - - • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • l
`
`(~.~~!~~~~! __ J
`I
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`A~~~~~n l Continuity Type
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`i 2008-05-'19
`1--------P-~i~;-Appll~;ti~-~--St~t~~-1· P~t~~t~d----------'
`I '
`i
`12.~2=::::j[~~ti~~~::;;::;;~~;;e
`i 1 oo,e:,"te, __
`.................... c~·~ti~·~ity--Typ;------
`I Prior Application Number
`~ 60268394
`
`I
`
`13154239
`
`Continuation of
`
`12123081
`
`Application
`
`'
`
`!
`
`Prior Applicatio~
`
`Patent Number
`
`8073047
`
`l
`
`2011-i2-0l'3
`i ~~~l~~W]
`'
`Issue Date
`
`i
`
`Filing Date
`
`Application Number
`
`1
`
`10076013
`
`non provisional of
`
`..
`
`Filing Date (YYYY-MM-0D) i
`........... !
`..... 2001-02-13
`
`,----.-----~._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._
`
`._._._._~'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-.............. -------------------------------------------~' - - - - - - - - - • • • • • • • • • • • •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••nnnnnnn __ _ _____,
`
`Additional Domestic Benefit/National Stage Data may be generated within this form
`~b_y_s_e_le_c_ti_n_g_t_he_A_d_d_bu_t_to_n_._ .................................................... __ , ______________________ ...................... i
`Foreign Priority Information:
`
`, .. , , , ,nnnnn nnn • • •nn • •n • •nnn nn • • •nn nn nnn nnn n •
`
`........................ -.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.._._._._._._ ... .,. ....... _._-.-.-.-.•••••••••••••••••••••••
`
`lrhis section allows for the applicant to claim priority to a foreign application. Providing this information in the application data sheet
`/constitutes the claim for priority as required by 35 U.S.C. 119(b) and 37 CFR 1.55(d). When priority is claimed to a foreign application
`'that is eligible for retrieval under the priority document exchange program (PDX)i the information will be used by the Office to
`automatically attempt retrieval pursuant to 37 CFR 1.55(h)(1) and (2). Under the POX program, applicant bears the ultimate
`responsibility for ensuring that a copy of the foreign application is received by the Office from the participating foreign intellectual
`
`p,operty office o, a certmed copy ofthefo~;g,pOo~tya:puca:;o, ;, filed, w;~;, the Um~~~:~~~~~;'.'.~~;:;,;55(g)(1) J
`
`,
`
`Application Number
`
`/ Filing Date (YYYY-MM-DD)
`
`l Access Codei (if applicable) !
`Country 1
`~---------~----------~i .................................... __________________________ ··_·······t ______ . _____________________________ .... J
`
`Additional Foreign Priority Data may be generated within this form by selecting the
`Add button.
`
`',_/
`
`"--··'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-"'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-.......................................................... .._.,..,._____
`
`_ • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • - - - - - - - - - - • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •H • • • • • • • • • • •H • • • • •nnn - - -~
`
`Statement under 37 CFR 1.55 or 1,78 for AIA (First Inventor to File) Transition
`Applications
`
`This application (1) claims priority to or the benefit of an application filed before March 16, 2013 and (2) also
`contains, or contained at any time, a claim to a claimed invention that has an effective filing date on or after March
`0 16, 2013.
`NOTE: By providing this statement under 37 CFR 1.55 or 1.78, this application, with a filing date on or after March
`16, 2013, will be examined under the first inventorto,fileprovisions_of_the_AIA.
`............................................. __ __
`
`EFS Web 2.2,8
`
`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 19
`
`

`

`

`

`

`

`PTO/AIA/14 (03-13)
`Approved for use through 01/31/2014. 0MB 0651-0032
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, no persons are required to respond to a collection of information unless it contains a valid 0MB control number.
`
`This collection of information is required by 37 CFR 1. 76. The inforrnaiion is required to obtain or retain a benefit by the public which
`is to file (and by the USPTO to process) an application. Confidentiality is governed by 35 U.S.C. 122 and 37 CFR 1.14. This
`collection is estimated to lake 23 minutes to complete, including gathering, preparing, and submitting the completed applicaiion data
`sheet form to tl1e US PTO. Time wiil vary depending upon the individual case. Any comments on the amount of time you require to
`complete this form and/or suggestions for reducing this burden, should be sent to the Chief Information Ofticer, U.S. Patent and
`Trademark Office, U.S. Department of Commerce, P.O. Box 1450, Alexandria, VA 22313-1450. DO NOT SEND FEES OR
`COMPLETED FORMS TO THIS ADDRESS. SEND TO: Commlssloner for Patents, P.O. Box 1450, Alexandria, VA 22313-1450.
`
`EFS Web 2.2.8
`
`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 22
`
`

`

`PTO/AIA/01 (06-12)
`Approved for use through 01/3112014. OMS 0651-0032
`U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, no persons are required to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a valid 0MB control number.
`
`(
`
`DECLARATION (3;"~;-~ 1.63) FOR u~i~i~v-oR ~~s~~~ APPLICATION-~SING AN
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`Invention )Bandwidth Sensitive Data Compression and Decompression
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`I A.s the below naml:ld ir:verJfor, l hereby declare that
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`I LEGA;:;;::;;;,:;,NTOR
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`Date (Optional): r It~ L f ;r
`Inventor: James J. FALLON
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`1740936.1
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`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 23
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`BANDWIDTH SENSITIVE DATA COMPRESSION AND DECOMPRESSION
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`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
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`[0001]
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`This application is a continuation of United States Patent Application No.
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`13/154,239, filed on June 6, 2011, which is a continuation of United States Patent
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`Application No. 12/123,081, filed on May 19, 2008, now U.S. Patent No. 8,073,047,
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`which is a continuation of United States Patent Application No. 10/076,013, filed on
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`February 13, 2002, now U.S. Patent No. 7,386,046, which claims the benefit of United
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`States Provisional Application No. 60/268,394, filed on February 13, 2001, each of which
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`is fully incorporated herein by reference.
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`BACKGROUND
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`1.
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`Technical Field
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`[0002]
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`The present invention relates generally to data compression and decompression
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`and, in particular, to a system and method for compressing and decompressing data based
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`on an actual or expected throughput (bandwidth) of a system that employs data
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`compression. Additionally the present invention relates to the subsequent storage,
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`retrieval, and management of information in data storage devices utilizing either
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`compression and/or accelerated data storage and retrieval bandwidth.
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`2.
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`Description of the Related Art
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`[0003]
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`There are a variety of data compression algorithms that are currently available,
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`both well-defined and novel. Many compression algorithms define one or more
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`parameters that can be varied, either dynamically or a-priori, to change the performance
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`characteristics of the algorithm.
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`For example, with a
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`typical dictionary based
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`compression algorithm such as Lempel-Ziv, the size of the dictionary can affect the
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`performance of the algorithm. Indeed, a large dictionary may be employed to yield very
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`good compression ratios but the algorithm may take a long time to execute. If speed were
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`more important than compression ratio, then the algorithm can be limited by selecting a
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`smaller dictionary, thereby obtaining a much faster compression time, but at the possible
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`cost of a lower compression ratio. The desired performance of a compression algorithm
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`Atty. Dkt. No. 2855.0050007
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`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 25
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`- 2 -
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`and the system in which the data compression is employed, will vary depending on the
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`application.
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`[0004]
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`Thus, one challenge in employing data compression for a given application or
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`system is selecting one or more optimal compression algorithms from the variety of
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`available algorithms.
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`Indeed, the desired balance between speed and efficiency is
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`typically a significant factor that is considered in determining which algorithm to employ
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`for a given set of data. Algorithms that compress particularly well usually take longer to
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`execute whereas algorithms that execute quickly usually do not compress particularly
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`well.
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`[0005]
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`Accordingly, a system and method that would provide dynamic modification of
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`compression system parameters so as to provide an optimal balance between execution
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`speed of the algorithm ( compression rate) and the resulting compression ratio, is highly
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`desirable.
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`[0006]
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`Yet another problem within the current art is data storage and retrieval bandwidth
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`limitations. Modern computers utilize a hierarchy of memory devices.
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`In order to
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`achieve maximum performance levels, modern processors utilize onboard memory and on
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`board cache to obtain high bandwidth access to both program and data. Limitations in
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`process technologies currently prohibit placing a sutlicient quantity of onboard memory
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`for most applications. Thus, in order to offer sufficient memory for the operating
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`system(s), application programs, and user data, computers often use various forms of
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`popular off-processor high speed memory including static random access memory
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`(SRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), synchronous burst
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`static ram (SBSRAM). Due to the prohibitive cost of the high-speed random access
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`memory, coupled with their power volatility, a third lower level of the hierarchy exists for
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`non-volatile mass storage devices. While mass storage devices offer increased capacity
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`and fairly economical data storage, their data storage and retrieval bandwidth is often
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`much less in relation to the other elements of a computing system.
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`[0007]
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`Computers systems represent information in a variety of manners. Discrete
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`information such as text and numbers are easily represented in digital data. This type of
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`data representation is known as symbolic digital data. Symbolic digital data is thus an
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`absolute representation of data such as a letter, figure, character, mark, machine code, or
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`drawing.
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`Atty. Dkt. No. 2855.0050007
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`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 26
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`- 3 -
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`[0008J
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`Continuous information such as speech, music, audio, images and video,
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`frequently exists in the natural wor[d as analog inforrnation. As is well known to those
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`skilled in the art, recent advances in very large scale integration (VLSI) digital computer
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`technology have enabled both discrete and analog infr_mnation to be represented with
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`digital data. Continuous infom1ation represented as digital data is often referred to as
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`diffuse data. Diffuse digitai data is thus a representation of data that is of low information
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`density and is typical iy not easily recognizable to humans in its native fonn.
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`[0009]
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`Modern computers utilize digital data representation because of its inherent
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`advantages. For example, digital data is rnore readily processed, stored, and transmitted
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`due to its inherently high noise immunity, In addition, the inclusion of redundancy in
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`digital data representation enables error detection and/or correction. Error detection
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`and/or correction capabilities are dependent upon the amount and
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`type of data
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`redund,mcy, available error detection and correction processing, and extent of data
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`corn.1ption.
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`[OOH)]
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`One outcome of digital data representation is the continuing need for increased
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`capacity in data processing, storage, and transmittal. This is especiaily true for diffuse
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`data \Vhere increases in fidelity and resolution create exponentially greater quantities of
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`data. Dam compression is widely used to reduce the amount of data required to process,
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`transmit, or store a given quantity of infonnation. In general, there are two types of data
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`compression techniques that may be utilized either separately or jointly to encode/decode
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`data: lossless and lossy data compression.
`f 0011 J
`factor of 50, During this same period, magnetic disk storage has only improved by a
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`Over the last decade, computer processor performance has improved by at least a
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`factor of 5. Thus one additional problem with the existing art is that memory storage
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`devices severely limit tbe perfc.mnance of consumer, entertainment, office, workstation,
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`servers, and mainframe computers for all disk and memory intensive operations.
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`f0012}
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`For example, magnetic disk mass storage devices currently employed in a variety
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`of home, business, and scientific computing applications suffer from significant seek-time
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`access delays along with profound read/write data rate limitations. Currently the frtstest
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`available (15,000) qnn disk drives support only a 40.0 Megabyte per second data rate
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`(MB/sec). This is in stark contrast to the modern Personal Computer's Peripheral
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`Atty. Dkt. No. 2855.0050007
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`Comcast - Exhibit 1002, page 27
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`Component Interconnect (PCI) Bus's input/output capability of 512 MB/sec and internal
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`local bus capability of 1600 MB/sec.
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`(0013]
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`Another problem within the current art is that emergent high performance disk
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`interface standards such as the Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI-3), iSCSI, Fibre
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`Channel, AT Attachment UltraDMA/100+, Serial Storage Architecture, and Universal
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`Serial Bus offer only higher data transfer rates through intermediate data buffering in
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`random access memory. These interconnect strategies do not address the fundamental
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`problem that all modem magnetic disk storage devices for the personal computer
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`marketplace are still limited by the same typical physical media restriction. In practice,
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`faster disk access data rates are only achieved by the high cost solution of simultaneously
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`accessing multiple disk drives with a technique known within the art as data striping and
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`redundant array of independent disks (RAID).
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`(0014]
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`RAID systems often afford the user the benefit of increased data bandwidth for
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`data storage and retrieval. By simultaneously accessing two or more disk drives, data
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`bandwidth may be increased at a maximum rate that is linear and directly proportional to
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`the number of disks employed. Thus another problem with modem data storage systems
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`utilizing RAID systems is that a linear increase in data bandvvidth requires a proportional
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`number of added disk storage devices.
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`[0015]
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`Another problem with most modem mass storage devices is their inherent
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`unreliability. Many modem mass storage devices utilize rotating assemblies and other
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`types of electromechanical components that possess failure rates one or more orders of
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`magnitude higher than equivalent solid state devices. RAID systems employ data
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`redundancy distributed across multiple disks to enhance data storage and retrieval
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`reliability. ln the si