1/4/2019
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`iOS: A visual history | The Verge
`
`APPLE MOBILE FEATURES
`
`iOS: A visual history
`
`By Verge Staff on September 16, 2013 02:43 pm
`
`
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`
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`50
`
`COMMENTS
`
`In what is widely regarded as his greatest presentation ever, Apple's Steve Jobs
`introduced the iPhone to the world on January 9th, 2007. In the five-plus years since then, the iPhone, iPad, and iPod
`Touch have literally redefined the entire world of mobile computing. That world is moving so quickly that iOS is already
`amongst the older mobile operating systems in active development today. That certainly doesn't mean it's
`underpowered or underfeatured — quite the contrary. Through what can only be described as relentless and consistent
`improvement over the years, Apple has made iOS one of the most feature-rich and well-supported platforms on the
`market.
`
`iOS 7, the system currently powering Apple's mobile devices, offers an easy-to-understand smartphone operating
`system to new users, a powerful platform for app developers, and a relatively un-fragmented experience across
`multiple devices. Perhaps the most remarkable thing about iOS is how similar the OS as it exists today is to the OS as
`it existed 2007, yet the number and breadth of features that Apple has baked in since then is mind boggling. Far from
`suffering from the "feature creep" that typically bogs down operating systems over time, iOS has managed to stay
`relatively snappy and is more internally consistent than anything else available today. And iOS 8 — launching on
`devices this fall — looks to evolve the story even further.
`
`How did we get from a platform that began without third-party apps, multitasking, or even copy / paste support to where
`we are today? Read on to see exactly how Apple evolved its mobile platform over the years, in our history of iOS.
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`Apple Inc., Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., and
`Samsung Electronics America, Inc. v. Firstface Co., Ltd.
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`
`IOS ACTUALLY BEGAN LIFE WITH A DIFFERENT NAME: OS X
`During the original iPhone announcement, Apple touted that it ran on the same Unix core as Mac OS X and that it used
`many of the same tools. However, it was clear even then that while there may be some shared elements between OS X
`and this new phone OS, it was a different-enough beast to warrant its own branding. When the original iPhone
`launched, the OS was called "iPhone OS" and it kept that name for four years, only changing to iOS with the release of
`iOS 4 in June of 2010. For the sake of simplicity (and because it's a much-less awkward phrase), I'm going to indulge in
`a little revisionist history here and refer to all versions of the operating system as "iOS" in this piece.
`
`iOS 1: The iPhone is born
`
`INSTEAD OF
`COMPETING
`ON SPECS,
`APPLE
`FOCUSED
`ON GETTING
`THE CORE
`EXPERIENCE
`RIGHT
`
`Although it may be difficult to imagine now, when the original iPhone was
`introduced, it was actually well behind the competition when it came to a strict
`feature-by-feature comparison. Windows Mobile, Palm OS, Symbian, and even
`BlackBerry were all established systems in 2007, with a wide and deep array of
`features. Comparatively, the iPhone didn't support 3G, it didn't support
`multitasking, it didn't support 3rd party apps, you couldn't copy or paste text, you
`couldn't attach arbitrary files to emails, it didn't support MMS, it didn't support
`Exchange push email, it didn't have a customizable home screen, it didn't support
`tethering, it hid the filesystem from users, it didn't support editing Office
`documents, it didn't support voice dialing, and it was almost entirely locked down
`to hackers and developers.
`
`Yet all of those missing features hardly mattered and nearly everybody knew it.
`Instead of competing on specs, Apple focused on getting the core experience
`right. It focused on speed, consistency between apps, and a making a few features
`radically better than anything else that was available in 2007. Although there were
`obviously a ton of innovations in iOS 1.0, I would argue that three of them were
`revolutionary for the mobile industry.
`
`The core iOS user interface. Until iOS, smartphones either didn't have a
`touchscreen or used a resistive touchscreen and a stylus. The iPhone changed
`that with its capacitive touchscreen, but more importantly Apple carefully wedded
`that new hardware capability to a new user interaction model that was
`simultaneously simpler and more powerful than systems that had come before it.
`Removing all physical buttons save 5, Apple made touch the primary interaction
`model. Apple also nearly perfected pinch-to-zoom and inertial scrolling to make
`apps feel more natural and immediate. The speed and "directness" in iOS 1.0 was
`amazing then and remains amazing now.
`
`Mobile Safari web browser. Those new gestures came into their own on the
`Safari web browser for iOS. It was, as Jobs himself bragged when unveiling it,
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`literally years ahead of the competition. Yes, it famously has never supported the
`Flash plugin, but it was the first mobile web browser that felt nearly as capable and
`powerful as a full desktop browser. Where other mobile operating systems
`reflowed, reformatted, or simply broke the look and feel of web pages, mobile
`Safari presented the web fully and offered simple zoom and scrolling features that
`were unmatched at the time.
`
`A "widescreen" iPod. Apple used its already-massive iTunes and iPod
`ecosystem to provide an "anchor" for the OS and the beginnings of what would
`eventually become a huge ecosystem of music, movies, television, books, and
`apps. For many, listening to music may no longer be in the top five things they use
`their smartphone for, but at the time the iPod functionality in iOS 1.0 gave the
`iPhone a killer feature that was easy for end-users to understand and get excited
`about.
`
`iOS 1.0 also brought a few other apps and features that
`were important to the platform and ahead of their time:
`
`Google Maps was shockingly better on the iPhone than it
`had been on any other platform. Apple fully utilized the
`new pinch-to-zoom functionality to make the app feel
`smooth and quick, but more importantly it felt more
`intuitive and natural to use than even desktop mapping
`software.
`
`Visual voicemail was a clever trick that allowed users to
`jump directly to any voicemail without having to sit through
`endless voice prompts. It also showed off Apple's
`newfound ability to cut deals with carriers. Visual
`Voicemail was a signal that Apple, not the carrier, was to
`be the main provider the user experience.
`
`iTunes Sync is another unappreciated feature today.
`Anybody who has struggled with Palm's HotSync or
`Microsoft's ActiveSync can appreciate that simple and
`reliable desktop syncing was hugely important. It was also
`an example of Apple's ability to take complicated features
`that had given other companies and users headaches and
`simplify them to the point of invisibility.
`
`The software keyboard on iOS 1.0 was perhaps the first
`genuinely usable keyboard that could be typed on with
`your fingers. Yes, systems like PalmOS' Graffiti and 3rd-
`party extensions like FitalyStamp enabled text entry with a
`stylus, but iOS' paradigm of showing you the keyboard
`when you needed it and giving you more screen real
`estate for reading when you didn't was an important step
`forward for mass market smartphones.
`
`
`
`IOS 1.0 DEVICES
`
`FEATURES
`
`Released
`06 / 2007
`
`iPhone 2G
`
`Core iOS UI
`
`Multitouch gestures
`
`Mobile Safari
`
`iPod
`
`Visual Voicemail
`
`Maps
`
`iTunes Sync
`
`
`IOS 1.0 ALSO
`INTRODUCED A NEW
`COMPUTING
`PARADIGM THAT
`BROKE FROM
`SMARTPHONE
`TRADITION: HIDING
`THE FILESYSTEM
`FROM THE USER
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`I've spent quite a bit of time heaping praise on iOS 1.0 and it is well-deserved. Still, there were
`plenty of shortcomings. The largest was that iOS 1.0 offered no support for native, 3rd party
`apps. Apple tried to fill that gap by promoting web apps, but in 2007 HTML apps weren't ready
`to carry that load for the platform. Some (including yours truly) even argued that it may not
`even be technically correct to call the iPhone a smartphone, since it didn't offer a platform to
`develop against beyond the web browser. iOS 1.0 also only offered one form of multitasking to
`the user: playing iPod music in the background. Multitasking on other smartphone platforms
`wasn't a great experience, but it did work for many and the lack of it on iOS 1.0 was notable.
`
`iOS 1.0 also introduced a new computing paradigm that broke from smartphone tradition:
`hiding the filesystem from the user. That design decision is still hotly debated to this day, but it
`did serve to simplify the device and make it more user-friendly. However, it could be said that
`the different layers of abstraction it sometimes requires can be off-putting (the inability to
`include an attachment in an email reply comes to mind). Other limitations, like the inability to
`change alert tones, were maddening if only because they were so easy to change on even the
`simplest feature phone.
`
`Lastly, iOS 1.0 introduced Apple's "Springboard" homescreen. Hitting the home button always
`brought you to it, no matter where you were in the OS, presenting the user with a simple (but
`not yet re-arrangeable) grid of icons. Even now there is not any support for widget or other
`"ambient" information on that home screen(cid:0)— customizations that competitors like Windows
`Mobile and Symbian had long offered.
`
`In a feature-for-feature comparison chart, an OS like Windows Mobile beat the iPhone in nearly
`every metric. When it came to actual usability, however, it was no contest. I don't need to tell
`you which ended up being more important in the long run.
`
`
`
`IOS 1 UPDATES
`Three months after releasing the original iPhone, Apple released its first major software update
`for the device, iOS 1.1.1. It was notable for a few reasons. First, it established a pattern of
`releasing major new versions of iOS concurrently with new devices — in this case, the original
`iPod Touch. It also established that Apple would be continuously updating iOS with new
`versions and new features and that those software updates would be offered across as much
`of its iOS product line as possible. With only two devices, it's not fair to credit Apple too much
`for avoiding fragmentation at this early stage of iOS's progression, but the precedent was set
`here.
`
`APPLE WOULD BE
`CONTINUOUSLY
`UPDATING IOS WITH
`NEW VERSIONS AND
`NEW FEATURES
`
`IOS
`1.1.3
`
`DEVICES
`
`FEATURES
`
`Released
`01 / 2008
`
`iPhone 2G,
`iPod Touch 1st Gen
`
`Better location
`
`Web clips on home screen
`
`Re-arrange icons
`
`
`Feature-wise, the update had only one major bullet point:
`the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store. It allowed users to
`purchase music directly on their phones, but it was also
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`the first of many examples of how iPhone features would
`be hampered by bandwidth concerns from AT&T. As the
`name implies, the store only worked over Wi-Fi.
`
`Multitouch keyboard
`
`
`1.1.1 also added support for TV out and a custom shortcut
`when double-clicking the Home button — (cid:0)(cid:0)the latter
`representing the first of many changes Apple would make
`to that button's behavior in the coming years.
`
`IOS 1.1 DEVICES
`
`FEATURES
`
`Released
`09 / 2007
`
`iPhone 2G,
`iPod Touch 1st Gen
`
`iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store
`
`iPod Touch compatiblity
`
`
`iOS 1.1.3 added the ability to both re-arrange Home
`screen icons and to add new shortcuts to web pages.
`Apple called these "Web Clips" and though the new
`functionality was appreciated, it mainly served as a
`reminder that there was no native app SDK. I distinctly
`remember at the time that the general feeling around the
`iPhone was a mix of impatience and excitement:
`impatience because we could clearly see the unfulfilled
`potential of the iOS platform and excitement because we
`had already learned by then that Apple was capable of
`pushing out regular feature updates. Around this time,
`each new feature that came to iOS was met with a
`"finally!" because so many of them were obviously lacking
`and because Apple had demonstrated an ability to deliver.
`Native apps weren't on iOS yet, but everybody seemed to
`know they were coming, and soon.
`
`iOS 2: Apps
`
`The next "finally" moment for iOS came in July of 2008, when Apple introduced the
`App Store to iOS. 3rd party apps for smartphones were the furthest thing from
`new, but Apple managed to make them feel that way with its system for
`developing, browsing, and installing them.
`
`The App Store. Critically, the App Store existed both on the device itself and
`within iTunes, where users could easily browse and install apps. This was a huge
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`change from how mobile apps were distributed before:(cid:0)(cid:0) primarily over the web
`or via 3rd party app stores that were poorly integrated (if at all) into the device.
`Just as importantly, the App Store used Apple's already established base of iTunes
`music customers, so users wouldn't have to re-enter their credit card information in
`order to make purchases. It meant that finding and installing apps was easier than
`ever before and they quickly would become impulse buys.
`
`The iOS SDK. The second innovation was simply that the iPhone was a powerful
`device and Apple provided a development kit for iOS that offered incredible tools
`for developers. 3D games became the norm, and in general, iOS apps were more
`functional, better looking, and more advanced than on any other platform. The
`combination gave the platform a lead on apps that other companies are still trying
`to close in on.
`
`THE APP STORE USED APPLE'S
`ALREADY ESTABLISHED BASE
`OF ITUNES MUSIC CUSTOMERS
`
`The introduction of apps and the App Store was not without some controversy,
`however. Apple did not completely open up iOS, but instead prevented users from
`"sideloading" any app they'd like. The only legitimized way to install apps was via
`the App Store, and Apple set a policy of curating apps that would and wouldn't be
`allowed in. Some of the rules were fairly straightforward (cid:0)(cid:0)(no porn)(cid:0)(cid:0) but others
`put Apple in a gray area when it came to users' desires. Apple regularly rejects
`certain classes of apps that are allowed on other platforms, including apps that
`allow tethering your computer to your iPhone for internet access.
`
`Another, perhaps unforeseen, consequence of the App Store was that apps
`became much much less expensive. This has mainly been a net win for users and
`developers, but it did cause plenty of consternation as the price of a top-shelf
`mobile app rapidly dropped from the $40 range to the $5 or even 99-cent range.
`Top-selling charts for apps began to look like the top-40 Billboard charts for music:
`if a developer could find a way to the top, he or she could make big money, but it
`was difficult at the bottom. Most of these concerns have gone away in the last
`couple of years and now there are many, many development houses and
`independent developers making their living by selling iOS apps.
`
`
`
`
`Microsoft Exchange support. iOS 2.0 also began a
`trend of introducing a slew of other features that already
`existed on other platforms. The most important of these
`was full support for Microsoft Exchange for push email,
`calendars, and contacts. Apple also introduced proper
`contact search (previously you had to scroll through your
`contacts manually), as well as multi-selection for email.
`
`IOS 2.0 DEVICES
`
`FEATURES
`
`Released
`07 / 2008
`
`iPhone 3G,
`iPhone 2G,
`iPod Touch 1st Gen
`
`Native 3rd-party apps
`
`App Store
`
`Microsoft Exchange
`support
`
`MobileMe
`
`Contact Search
`
`
`IOS 2.1 DEVICES
`
`FEATURES
`
`Released
`09 / 2008
`
`iPhone 3G,
`iPhone 2G,
`iPod Touch 2nd Gen,
`iPod Touch 1st Gen
`
`Battery life and speed fixes
`
`iTunes Genius playlists
`
`Dropped call fixes
`
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`IOS 2.2 DEVICES
`
`FEATURES
`
`Released
`11 / 2008
`
`iPhone 3G,
`iPhone 2G,
`iPod Touch 2nd Gen,
`iPod Touch 1st Gen
`
`Google street view
`
`Podcast downloads
`
`
`MobileMe. Apple also announced its own cloud-based
`service, which replaced .Mac and provided integrated
`email, calendar, and contact sync. MobileMe never
`grabbed the public imagination, however, in part because
`it was expensive at $99 a year and in part because it was
`quite unreliable in the early days.
`
`iOS 2.0 was released alongside the iPhone 3G and
`naturally included support for the new hardware features
`introduced in that model, including A-GPS and 3G data.
`IOS 2 UPDATES
`Unfortunately, iOS 2.0 was not the most stable of
`releases. Many users experienced shorter battery life, app
`crashes, and dropped calls — (cid:0)all happening in the midst
`of a 2.0.1 and 2.0.2 release that had come in fairly short
`order. The 2.1 release in September of 2008 helped to
`mitigate those issues. It fixed a raft of bugs across the
`board on the OS and also added faster sync with iTunes.
`
`iOS 2.2 came in November of that year. In terms of
`features, Maps saw the biggest updates, with Google
`Street View, walking directions, and public transit
`directions added in.
`
`iOS 3: Features
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`
`iOS 3.0 was released with the iPhone 3GS in June of
`2009 and like the 3GS, it didn't necessarily have any
`single headline feature. Instead, Apple filled in all sorts of
`gaps in iOS with a massive list of functionality and app
`updates touching every corner of the operating system.
`
`Cut, copy, and paste. With iOS 3.0, Apple introduced a
`new text-selection metaphor that worked well with touch
`—(cid:0) one area where a stylus had worked better than a
`finger for fine-grained tapping. Apple's combination of a
`text-magnifying glass and selection sliders was intuitive
`and, as with many of its touch-friendly features, turned out
`to be well ahead of the competition in terms of usability.
`As with many of the features introduced in iOS 3, this
`feature came later than users would have liked but Apple
`took the time to get the UI up to its own high standards.
`
`Spotlight search. Finding content was becoming a fairly
`big chore on iOS, so a system-wide search option was
`inevitable. Spotlight allowed users to go one screen to the
`left of the main homescreen to get a text box that could
`search across contacts, emails, calendars, notes, and the
`iPod. More options would come later, but Apple had
`"finally" matched a feature that had been commonplace
`on BlackBerry, PalmOS, webOS, and Windows Mobile:
`quickly entering text from the home screen to search
`across the phone.
`
`Push notifications for 3rd party apps. Although it had
`actually been promised at the iOS 2.0 announcement and
`didn't arrive until 3.0, push notifications on Apple's
`platform were still way ahead of what the competition was
`offering. Push notifications were able to serve as a sort of
`stopgap for many of the functions normally handed by
`proper multitasking. The feature would eventually become
`a victim of their own popularity, however, as the constant
`pop-up modal dialogs would come to annoy users.
`
`Apple also added MMS support, though by mid-2009 it
`was already becoming a less important feature for many
`
`IOS 3 WAS ALL ABOUT
`FILLING IN MOST OF
`THE MAJOR
`COMPLAINTS AND
`"GOTCHAS"
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`users. Other features in iOS 3.0 could be seen as catch-
`iOS 3.0 also had plenty of features that went beyond just
`ups: video recording, a landscape keyboard, a voice
`reaching feature parity with other platforms, including:
`memo app, remote wipe, stereo Bluetooth, and internet
`tethering over Bluetooth or USB were added in.
`
`Another standard smartphone feature, voice dialing, was
`added in iOS 3.0. However, to be fair, Apple went a bit
`further with Voice Control, giving users the ability to dial
`contacts and also start or identify music. Voice Control
`supported a large list of languages at launch — (cid:0)(cid:0)a
`theme that fit in with iOS's expanded language support in
`general.
`
`IOS 3.0 DEVICES
`
`FEATURES
`
`Released
`06 / 2009
`
`iPhone 3GS,
`iPhone 3G,
`iPhone 2G*,
`iPod Touch 2nd Gen,
`iPod Touch 1st Gen*
`
`Cut, copy, paste
`
`Voice Control
`
`MMS
`
`Spotlight search
`
`Push notifications
`
`USB & Bluetooth tethering
`
`Landscape keyboard
`
`Find my iPhone
`
`
`Tap-to-focus within the Camera app
`The ability to directly purchase movies, TV shows, and book from within
`the iTunes store on the device.
`Parental controls that were well ahead of anything else on the market
`The "Find My iPhone" feature
`Expanded the revenue models in the App Store with in-app purchases
`and subscriptions.
`Support for Bluetooth and dock accessories as well as Peer-to-Peer
`connections.
`Support to play iPod music in 3rd party apps
`A compass app (on the iPhone 3GS)
`Autofill for forms in Safari
`A huge number of APIs added to the SDK to take advantage of the
`iPhone's capabilities
`
`After iOS 1 established the platform and iOS 2 brought
`apps, iOS 3 was all about filling in most of the major
`complaints and "gotchas" for the platform. With the
`update, Apple was well on its way to not just reaching
`feature parity with competing platforms, but establishing
`an OS that could be dominate on the feature front. Only a
`few major checkboxes remained, not the least of which
`was multitasking.
`IOS 3 UPDATES
`A few months later, Apple released iOS 3.1, which added
`yet more features, including remote lock, ringtone
`downloads, Genius mixes for music, and voice control
`over Bluetooth. iOS 3.1.3, which came in February 2010,
`brought the final OS release for the original iPhone 2G
`and the original iPod Touch: neither would see another
`OS update.
`
`IOS 3.1 DEVICES
`
`FEATURES
`
`Released
`09 / 2009
`
`iPhone 3GS,
`iPhone 3G,
`iPhone 2G*,
`iPod Touch 3rd Gen,
`iPod Touch 2nd Gen,
`iPod Touch 1st Gen*
`
`Genius features
`
`Ringtone downloads
`
`Remote lock
`
`Voice Control over
`Bluetooth
`
`
`iOS 3.2: The iPad arrives
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`IOS MEETS THE BIG SCREEN
`
`As it had done for every other major iOS device, Apple released an update to iOS to go along
`with the iPad. iOS 3.2's main purpose was to add the customizations to iOS necessary to
`match the iPad new screen resolution, including a landscape Home screen, new pop-up
`dialogs, and more.
`
`New UI paradigms for a larger screen. In order to bring iOS to the iPad, Apple didn't just
`"blow up" the iPhone UI, but rather added a few changes designed specifically for the larger
`screen. The most significant was the addition to a left-hand sidebar list. Typically, an app would
`have a list of content you could drill down into, then go back to the list. Apple removed that step
`by displaying the list on the left and the content on the right, no "back" button required for most
`apps. Apple also made it so that you could still see your content in a full-screen simply by
`turning the iPad into portrait-mode. The list was then hidden not behind a back button, but
`instead became a pop-over list. Apple added pop-over dialogs throughout the OS where
`previously the iPhone would require users to switch screens.
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`New app designs. iOS also brought several iPad-specific changes for many of Apple's core
`iOS apps. Safari received a dedicated row for bookmarks, Apple added CoverFlow to the App
`Store, the Photos app organized pictures into stacks of images that could be pinched-out for a
`sneak-peek of the images within, Music got a simplified, iTunes-like interface with rows of
`album art, and the Settings app received the two-pane treatment mentioned above. Essentially,
`native app sthat would have looked silly "blown up" to the iPad's 1024 x 768 screen resolution
`received UI tweaks for the iPad's larger screen.
`
`Skeumorphism. Unfortunately, iOS 3.2 also introduced an app aesthetic that many had hoped
`had been left in the past. The Notepad app received a border of stitched leather to make it look
`like a real notebook, the Calendar and Contacts apps were both made to look like small books,
`complete with pages. While many simply found the new looks to be corny, the bigger issues
`was that in most cases, the realistic appearance did not have a direct correlation with the user
`interface. So while the Address Book might look like a book, there were no pages to be turned,
`instead it simply had a book skin. This look has stayed around and in some cases has even
`made the transition to Mac OS X.
`
`The (very) common knock against the iPad boiled down to this: it was just a big iPhone. That
`complaint was both true and false for a number of reasons. It was technically true that with iOS
`3.2, Apple did not make many significant changes to the core UI of iOS: there was still the
`home screen grid of icons with a dock (albeit one that could accomodate more icons); there
`was still the basic interaction of jumping into an app and then jumping back to the homescreen.
`
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`However, that complaint turned out to not matter too much when it came to sales: Apple had
`already trained millions of users on how to use the iPhone and with the iPad essentially
`decided not to mess with a good thing.
`
`This version and two subesquent iOS 3.2 updates were iPad only, temporarily adding just a
`little fragmentation to a platform that to date had had virtually none.
`
`IOS 3.2 DEVICES
`
`FEATURES
`
`Released
`04 / 2010
`
`iPad
`
`Support for iPad resolution
`
`New app views for iPad
`
`Location based on Apple data
`
`Bluetooth keyboard support
`
`iBooks
`
`
`iOS 4: Multitasking
`
`Released in June of 2010, iOS 4 was mainly about one thing: adding features for
`power users. Multitasking, app folders, Wi-Fi tethering, spell-check, customized
`Spotlight searching (including web and Wikipedia), unified inbox, and support for
`multiple Exchange accounts all added up to an update that helped keep iOS
`competitive with Android, which was beginning to finally make inroads.
`
`The headline improvement was, of course, multitasking. However, iOS 4 did not
`technically support "true" multitasking in that it didn't allow any app to simply run in
`the background. Instead, iOS 4 offered developers several different multitasking
`services that they could run in the background:
`
`THE MAJOR
`QUESTION
`AT THE TIME
`WAS
`WHETHER
`APPLE'S
`UNIQUE
`IMPLEMENTATION
`OF
`MULTITASKING
`
`Local notifications allowed apps to pop up alerts at a set time.
`Task completion allowed apps to finish an upload or some other limited task when a user left the app.
`Fast app switching/saved state allowed apps to more easily save their current "state" so they would be in
`the same place when a user returned.
`Music apps were now able to play in the background
`Navigation apps would be able to maintain their location tracking if you switched out of the app
`VoIP apps would be allowed to keep running during an active call if you switched out of the app.
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`WAS A
`DISTINCTION
`WITHOUT A
`DIFFERENCE
`
`iOS: A visual history | The Verge
`All of the above required developers to update their apps to support the new
`multitasking features,(cid:0) which many eventually did. The major question at the time
`was whether Apple's unique implementation of multitasking was a distinction
`without a difference. For most users, that turned out to be the case. Apple's
`implementation of multitasking meant that the iPhone would be less likely to suffer
`from rogue apps taking up too much memory in the background, which in turn led
`to a system with most of the battery life and performance benefits of the old,
`"single-tasking" iOS with the multitasking features that Apple felt users needed.
`There were (and are) plenty of cases where Apple's system didn't feel robust-
`enough, such as allowing apps to update themselves in the background, but by-
`and-large the compromise struck in iOS 4 and beyond has worked for most users.
`
`The multitasking menu was triggered by yet another Home button change: you
`brought up a list of recently running apps with a double-press. Although Steve
`Jobs famously said that "If you see a task manager [...] they blew it," you could
`(and sometimes needed to) quit apps by long-pressing on them inside the
`multitasking menu. Apple also added a persistent set of music control widgets that
`could be accessed by swiping to the left of the menu.
`
`APPLE WAS CERTAINLY NOT THE
`FIRST TO OFFER VIDEO CHAT
`
`FaceTime. iOS 4 came alongside the iPhone 4 and therefore added a feature
`designed to take advantage of the phone's front-facing camera: FaceTime video
`chat. As with many iOS features over the years, Apple was certainly not the first to
`offer video chat. However, Apple's implementation both worked better and had a
`simpler interface than other solutions. FaceTime worked only between iPhones
`and (and later, Macs and iPad 2s) and though Apple had promised to make the
`video chat solution an open standard, it has yet to deliver on that promise.
`
`Folders. With iOS 4, Apple "finally" introduced folders to the homescreen. Its
`solution was elegant in that users simply had to drag and drop icons on top of
`each other to form folders, a UI innovation that seems simple yet Android has just
`now caught up with Ice Cream Sandwich. By now, the average iPhone user had
`often installed dozens of apps, leading to difficulties just finding them and(cid:0)(cid:0)
`Spotlight search wasn't a highly used feature here. Along with folders, iPhone
`users could now also replace the background image on the home screen.
`
`Retina Display. Apple also added support for the iPhone 4's Retina Display and
`faster processor, giving developers even more ways to create high quality apps.
`Since the display was a straight pixel-doubling of previous iPhones, it meant that
`developers did not need to rush to support the new screen,(cid:0)(cid:0) especially since
`apps that were coded with Apple's standard SDK received higher quality buttons
`and UI widgets "for free."
`
`Productivity features. Although iOS 4 still may not have appealed to hardcore
`BlackBerry users, Apple did at least beef up its email offering by adding support for
`multiple Exchange accounts and, critically, a unified inbox and threaded email
`messages. System-wide spell check also made its first appearance, offering red
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`underlines and quick text-replacement for misspelled words. The Calendar app
`now allowed users the individually hide specific calendars, the Contacts app
`gained the ability to link duplicate contacts, and the Messaging app received
`search capabilities.
`
`IOS 4.0 DEVICES
`
`FEATURES
`
`Released
`06 / 2010
`
`iPhone 4,
`iPhone 3GS,
`iPhone 3G*,
`iPod Touch 3rd Gen,
`iPod Touch 2nd Gen*
`
`Multitasking
`
`Home screen folders
`
`FaceTime video chat
`
`Unified email inbox
`
`Threaded email messages
`
`Retina Display support
`
`iAd support
`
`
`iOS 4 Updates: Expanding the
`ecosystem
`ANTENNAGATE
`Unfortunately for Apple, iOS 4 was also embroiled in the
`Antennagate scandal just as much as the iPhone 4 was.
`In this version of iOS (as well as earlier versions), Apple
`claimed the phone didn't properly display signal strength
`information.
`
`
`
`
`
`Users observing a drop of several bars when they grip their
`iPhone in a certain way are most likely in an area with very
`weak signal strength, but they don't know it because we are
`erroneously displaying 4 or 5 bars. Their big drop in bars is
`because their high bars were never real in the first place.
`
`"THEIR BIG DROP IN
`BARS IS BECAUSE
`THEIR HIGH BARS
`WERE NEVER REAL IN
`THE FIRST PLACE"