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`APPLE 1015
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`APPLE 1015
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`NEWTON'S TELECOM DICTIONARY
`
`NEWTON'S TELECOM DICTIONARY
`
`A Flatiron Publishing, Inc. Book
`copyright© 1997 Harry Newton
`published by Flatiron Publishing, Inc.
`
`All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright conventions, including the
`right to reproduce this book or portions thereof in any form whatsoever. Published in the United
`States by Flatiron Publishing, Inc., New York.
`
`12 West 21 Street
`New York, NY 10010
`212-691-8215 Fax 212-691-1191
`1-800-999-0345
`1-800-LIBRARY
`Email harrynewton@mcimail.com
`
`ISBN 1-57820-008-3
`
`February, 1997
`
`Manufactured in the United States of America
`
`Twelfth Edition
`Cover design by Mara Seinfeld
`Printed at Command Web, New Jersey
`
`1
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`~--A· ,..... .
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`2
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`• ;ophisticated ones.
`· ,lecommunications
`nd consulting ser-
`
`also ECONOMIST.
`lBr. For example, if
`& T, then AT&T will
`;1 per minute, then
`: Telecom only half
`1 carrier originates
`
`1arge for usage on
`:ounting through a
`es. The supervisor
`can revoke a serv-
`
`r a period of time,
`lnit (NPDU) traffic.
`
`r high speed. One,
`1.5 Service, which
`rrestrial and satel(cid:173)
`igital service at 56
`ps, with "N" refer-
`
`There are obvious
`ransmitted.
`I and a direct cur-
`
`a user's data sys(cid:173)
`lformation such as
`
`calls by trunk and
`. service. Tracking
`oups.
`ail for a live agent.
`the option of wait(cid:173)
`lie place extensive
`npler for them and
`
`ndustry, this AGO
`perator. The caller
`ent group.
`call center and to
`number of agents
`:anal basis. "If the
`iup #2~then route
`
`n data prov·i.ded by
`touch tone phone.
`, validated and the
`example).
`efers to,the queue
`ue.
`1formation provid(cid:173)
`. groups and num-
`
`to communicate.
`,, ACF/NCP is the
`1twork.
`rks the ACF/I/TAM
`
`NEWTON'S TELECOM DICTIONARY
`
`is the control software running on a hosi computer that allows the host to communicate with terminals on an SNA network.
`ACFG Short for AutoConFiGuration. The Plug and Play BIOS extensions, now turning up on PCs, are also known as the ACFG
`BIOS extensions.
`ACIS Automatic Customer/Caller Identification. This is a feature of many sophisticated ACD systems. ACIS allows the capture
`of incoming network identification digits such as DID or DNIS and interprets them to identify the call type or caller. With greater
`information, sucl1 as provided by ANI, this data can identify a calling subscriber number. You can also capture caller identity by
`using a voice response device to request an inbound caller to identify themselves with a unique code. This could be a pl1one
`number, a subscriber number or some other identifying factor. This data can be used to route the call, inform the agent of the
`call type and even pre-stage the first data screen associated with this call type automatically. See also ANI, CALLER ID and
`Sl<ILLS-BASED ROUTING.
`ACK In data communications, ACI< is a character transmitted by the receiver of data to ACKnowledge a signal, information or
`packet received from the sender. See also ACKNOWLEDGMENT.
`ACK Ahead A variation of the XMODEM protocol that speeds up file transmission across error-free links. See XMODEM.
`ACK 1 Bisync acknowledgment for odd-numbered message.
`Acknowledgment In data communications, the transmission of acknowledgment (ACK) characters from the receiving device
`to the sending device indicates the data sent has been received correctly.
`ACL 1. Access Control List. A roster of users and groups of users, along with their rights. See ACCESS CONTROL LIST.
`2. Applications Connectivity Link. Siemens' protocol for linking its PBX to an external computer and having that computer con(cid:173)
`trol the movement of calls within a Siemens PBX. See also OPEN APPLICATION INTERFACE.
`ACM 1. An ATM term. Address Complete Message. One of the ISUP call set-up messages. A message sent in the backward
`direction indicating that all the address signals required for routing the call to the called party have been received. See .
`2. Association for Computing Machinery. www.acm.org
`3. Automatic Call Manager. The integration of both inbound call distribution and automated outbound call placement from a list
`of phone contacts to be made from a database. Telemarketing and collections applications are targets for this type of system.
`ACO 1. Additional Call Offering
`2. Alarm Cut Off
`ACONET A research network in Austria.
`Acoustic Coupler An acoustic modem. A modem designed to transfer data to the telephone network acoustically (i.e by sound),
`rather tl1an electronically. An acoustic coupler looks like the reverse of a telephone handset and is typically made of rubber. The
`data communications link is achieved through acoustic (sound) signals rather than through direct electrical connection. It is
`attached to the computer or data terminal through an RS-232-C connector. To work the acoustic coupler, start the computer's com(cid:173)
`munications program, dial the distant computer on a single line telephone with a normal (e.g. old-fashioned) handset. Wilen the
`distant computer answers with a higher pitched "carrier tone," you place the telephone handset in the acoustic coupler and trans(cid:173)
`mit data. Since the data is transmitted by sound between the handset and tile acoustic coupler (and vice versa}, the quality isn't
`always reliable. You can usually transmit up to 300 baud. People use acoustic couplers when they're short of time or cannot phys(cid:173)
`ically connect their modem electrically, e.g. they're using a payphone without an RJ-11 jack. (There are precious few.)
`Acoustic Model In automatic speech recognition, an acoustic model models acoustic behavior of words by gluing together
`models of smaller units, such as phonemes. (Sorry for the definition of the word model with the word model. But it's actually the
`best way of defining this term. HN)
`Acoustic (or Air) Suspension A loudspeaker system that uses an air-tight sealed enclosure.
`Arnustics That branch of science pertaining to the transmission of sound. The qualities of an enclosed space describing how
`souncl is transmitted, e.g. its clarity.
`Acousto•optic The interactions between acoustic waves and light in a solid medium. Acoustic waves can be made to modu(cid:173)
`late, deflect, and focus light waves by causing a variation in the refractive index of the medium. See i!lso FIBER OPTICS.
`Acquisition 1. In satellite communications, the process of locking tracking equipment on a signal from a communica(cid:173)
`tions satellite.
`2. The process of achieving synchronization.
`3. In servo systems, the process of entering the boundary conditions that will allow the loop to capture the signal and achieve
`lock-on. See also phase-locked loop.
`4. In mobile, the process by which a Mobile End System (M-ES) locates a radio Frequency (RF) channel carrying a channel
`stream, synchronizes to the data transmissions on that channel stream, and determines whether the channel stream is accept(cid:173)
`able to the M-ES for network access.
`Acquisition Time 1. In a communication system, the amount of time required to attain synchronization.
`2. In satellite control communications, the time required for locking tracking equipment on a signal from a communications
`satellite. See also satellite.
`.
`ACP Activity Concentration Point.
`ACR 1. Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio: One of the factors that limits tl1e distance a signal may be sent through a given media.
`ACR is the ratio of the power of the received signal, attenuated by the media, over the power of the NEXT crosstalk from the local
`transmitter, usually expressed in decibels (db). To achieve a desired bit error rate, the received signal power must usually be sev(cid:173)
`eral times larger than the NEXT power or plus several db. Increasing a marginal ACR may decrease the bit error rate.
`2. An ATM term. Allowed Cell Rate: An ABR service parameter, ACR is the current rate in cells/sec at which a source is allowed
`to send.
`ACRFNET Academic Computing Research Facility Network. A network connecting various research units such as colleges and
`research and development laboratories in the U.S.
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