NUVASIVE - EXHIBIT 2026
`Alphatec Holdings Inc. et al. v. NuVasive, Inc. - IPR2019-00362
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`

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`SAUNDERS
`An Imprint of Elsevier
`
`The Curtis Center
`Independence Square West
`Philadelphia, PA 19106
`
`
`
`Dorland’s illustrated medical dictionary.
`Philadelphia: Saunders
`v.: ill.; 27 cm.
`
`Irregular.
`Began publication with 23rd ed.
`Description based on: 26th ed.
`Continues: American illustrated medical dictionary.
`
`I. Dorland, W.A. Newman
`1. Medicine—Dictionaries.
`(William Alexander Newman), 1864—1956.
`[DNLM: 1. Dictionaries, Medical. 2. Reference Books,
`Medical]
`
`
`
`
`R121.D73
`
`610 0.3021—dc19
`
`0-6383
`AACR 2 MARC-S
`
`Library of Congress
`
`[8607r85]rev6
`
`Chief LexicographerDouglas M. Anderson, MA
`Senior LexicographerPatricia D. Novak, PhD
`Lexicographerzlefferson Keith, MA
`Assistant LexicographeMichelle A. Elliott, BA
`
`Listed here are the latest
`publishers.
`
`translated editions of this book together with the languages for the translations and the
`
`Chinese (28th Editior)—Xi’an World Publishing Corp., Xi’an, China
`
`Indonesian (26th Edition)—E.G.C. Medical Publishers, Jakarta, Indonesia
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`Italian (28th Editiort—Edizioni Scientifiche Internazionali (ESI), Milan, Italy
`
`Japanese (28th Edition)—Hirokawa Publishing Company, Tokyo, Japan
`
`Portuguese (28th Editiort—Editiora Manole Ltda., Sa ”0 Paulo, Brazil
`
`Spanish (28th Edition) (Adaption)—McGraw-HiIl-lnteramericana de Espan ~a, Madrid, Spain
`
`Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary
`
`ISBN 0—7216-0146-4 (Standard)
`0-7216-0281—9 (Deluxe)
`0-7216-0414-5 (Trade)
`0-8089-2288-2 (International)
`
`© 2003 by Elsevier. Copyright 1900, 1901, and 1903 by W.B. Saunders and Company. Copyright 1906, 1909, 1911, 1913, 1915,
`1917, 1919, 1921, 1923, 1927, 1929, 1932, 1935, 1938, 1941, 1944, 1947, 1951, 1957, 1965, 1974, 1981, 1985, 1988, 1994,
`and 2000 by W.B. Saunders Company.
`
`Copyright under the Uniform Copyright Convention. Simultaneously published in Canada. All copyright renewals reg—
`istered.
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`All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
`or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
`recording, or otherwise, without
`written permission from the publisher. Made in the United States of America.
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`Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Health Sciences Rights Department
`In Philadelphia, USA: phone: (+1)215-238—7869, fax: (+1)215-238—2239, email:
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`and then ‘Obtaining Permissions'.
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`Some of the'words appearing in the Dictionary are proprietary names (trademarks) even though no reference to this
`fact IS made In .the text. The appearance of any name without designation as a trademark is therefore not to be regarded
`as a representation by the editors or publisher that it is not a trademark or is not the subject of proprietary rights.
`
`Library of Congress catalog card number 78-50050
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`Last digit is the print number:
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`This material may be protected by Copyright law (Title 17 U.S. Code)
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`
`m: material may»: warmed bvcavvngm law (m: 17 u s cm)
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`
`
`mecobalamme mediastinuIn
`
`me-di-as-ti-no-gram (mende-as-fian-gram)
`mediastinum.
`
`a radiograph of the
`
`,
`
`been given following stroke or head trauma and for the treatment of
`menta changes in the elderly.
`me-cOobal-amine
`(me”ko-bal’a-mén)
`a naturally occurring hemato-
`poietic vitamin found in the blood, closel
`related to cyanocobalamin, in
`which the cyano radical has been replace by a methyl radical.
`me-co-ce-phal-ic (me"ko-sa—fal’ik)[Gr.mE/eorlength+cepbalic]
`chocephalic.
`mecomate (mek’o-nat) [Gr. mékou poppy + -ate]
`acid.
`
`any salt of meconic
`
`doli-
`
`an acid occurring in opium that forms
`
`me-con-ic' ac-id (ma-kon’ik)
`soluble salts with the opiates.
`me-co-ni-or-rhea (ma-ko”ne—o—re’a)
`discharge of meconium.
`a dark green
`[L., from Gr. mileoniou]
`me-co-ni-um (ma-ko’ne—om)
`mucilaginous material
`in the intestine of the full-term fetus, being a
`mixture of the secretions of the liver, intestinal glands, and some amniotic
`fluid.
`
`[meconium + -rrbea]
`
`excessive
`
`me-cryI-ate (ma-kril’at)
`surgery.
`
`a type of cyanoacrylate adhesive used in
`
`a
`[Gr. mEkyueiu to lengthen + starir]
`(ma—sis’ta—sis)
`me-cys-ta-sis
`state in which a muscle fiber is relatively increased in length, resists stretch,
`contracts, and relaxes, and manifests the same tension as before elongation
`MED minimal effective dose; minimal erythema dose.
`Med-a-war
`(med’a-wor) Peter Brian, 1915—1987. Brazilian-born
`British biologist; co-winner, with Sir Frank M. Burnet, of the Nobel
`prize for medicine or physiology in 1960 for
`the discovery of the
`mechanism of acquired immunological tolerance.
`a
`Med-ex (med’eks) [FL me’decin extemiou extension of the physician]
`program that recruits former military medics for training and practice as
`physician assistants; abbreviated Mx.
`me-dia (me’de—e)
`[L.]
`1. plural of medium.
`media vasorum.
`
`3.
`
`tunica
`
`2. middle.
`
`toward a median line or plane.
`me-di-ad (me’de—ad) [medium + -adl]
`me-di-al
`(me’de-al) [L. medialir]
`1. pertaining to the middle; closer to
`the median plane or the midline of a body or structure.
`2. pertaining to
`the middle layer of structures.
`me-di-a-Iec-i-thal
`(me”de-a-les’i—thal)
`medium amount of yolk; see under ovum.
`term denoting a
`me-di-a-lis
`(me”de-a’lis)
`[TA] medial; a general
`structure situated nearer to the median plane or the midline of a body or
`structure.
`
`[media— + —letitbal]
`
`having a
`
`l. situated in the median plane or
`me-di-an (me’de—an) [L. mediauur]
`in the midline of a body or structure.
`2. any value that divides the
`probability distribution of a random variable in half, i.e., the probability of
`observing a value above the median and the probability of observing a
`value below the median are both less than or equal to one half. For a finite
`population or sample, the median is the middle value of an odd number of
`values (arranged in ascendin order) or any value between the two middle
`values of an even number 0 values; in the latter case it is conventional to
`use the average of the two middle values. Symbol m.
`me-di-aonus
`(me”de-a’nas)
`[L.]
`[TA] median, or situated in the
`middle; a general term denoting structures lying in the median plane.
`me-di-a-om-e-ter
`(me”de-9—om’a—t9r)
`[media + -meter]
`an instru-
`ment for detecting and measuring refractive errors of the dioptric media.
`me-di-as-ti-na (me”de—as-ti’no) [L.]
`plural of medias-tinum.
`me-di-as-ti-nal
`(me”de—os-ti’nal) [L. medias-finalise]
`of or pertaining to
`the mediastinum.
`
`inflammation of the mediasti-
`
`(me”de-as”ti—ni’tis)
`
`me-di-as-ti-ni-tis
`num.
`inflammation of the mediastinum, with
`an often fatal
`acute m.
`sudden onset of chills, fever, and prostration. Other symptoms are severe
`chest pain and sometimes tachypnea, tachycardia, pneumomediastinum,
`and hemomediastinum. It
`is usually secondary to perforation of the
`esophagus by forceful vomiting or trauma; less often it may be caused by
`spread of an infectious process from some adjacent organ or area. There
`may be obstruction of structures in the area, such as the superior vena cava
`or the tracheobronchial tree.
`chronic m.
`any of numerous inflammatory conditions of the
`mediastinum, often secondary to a
`fungal or
`tuberculous infection;
`improms may be minimal or the result of obstruction of structures in
`e area. The most common specific condition is mediastinal fibrosis.
`fibrosmg m., fibrous m. mediastinal fibrosis.
`granulomatous m.
`.mediastinal fibrosis with granulomas.
`mduratlve m. mediastinal fibrosis.
`
`pertaining to the:
`'
`
`
`
`
`
`radiography of th
`e
`
`a specially deSigned
`
`
`
`
`me-dioaSoti-nogwaophy (me”de-as”ti—nog’ro—fe)
`mediastinum.
`(me”de-as”ti-no-per”e-k;.1hl-_di;ti
`mecdiaas-timo-periocandi-tis
`adhesive pericarditis in which the adhesions extend from the Pericardi 5)
`to the mediastinum. See also adhesive peritarditir, under pericarditir.
`adhesive m. mediastinopericarditis.
`me-di-a-sti-no-scope (me”de-a-sti’no-skop)
`endoscope used in mediastinoscopy.
`me-di-as-ti-no-scop-Ic (me”de-as"ti—no—skop’ik)
`mediastinoscope or to mediastinoscopy.
`examination of th
`me-di-as-ti-nos-co-py (me”de-as”ti—nos’ke-pe)
`mediastinum by means of an endoscope inserted through an anterio:
`incision in the suprasternal notch, permitting direct inspection and biopsy.
`
`of tissue in the anterior superior mediastinum.
`1'
`
`[mediastinum
`me-di-as-ti-not-o-my (me”de-as”ti-not’a—me)
`
`-tomy]
`the operation of cutting into the mediastinum. Performed fro-4
`the front, it is anterior or cervical medias-tiuotomy; from the back, pong-i9, of
`dorsal mediastinotmy.
`'
`me-di-as-ti-num (me”de—9s-ti’n9m) pl. mediasti’na [L.]
`E
`septum or partition.
`2. [TA] the mass of tissues and organs se aratin
`two pleural sacs, between the sternum anteriorly and the vertebral co
`
`posteriorly and from the thoracic inlet superiorly to the diaphrapmJ
`
`inferiorly. It contains the heart and pericardium, the bases of the ; L;
`vessels, the trachea and bronchi, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes, thora’w
`duct, phrenic and vagus nerves, and other structures and tissues.
`11.:
`mediastinum is divided into a superior region and an inferior region
`‘1.
`
`.
`comprises anterior, middle, and posterior parts.
`the division of 'uu
`m. ante’rius [TA]
`anterior mediastinum:
`
`mediastinum bounded posteriorly by the pericardium, anteriorly by [its
`sternum, and on each side by the pleura. It contains loose areolar tissue nil
`
`lymphatic vessels. Called also anterior mediartiual cavity.
`1
`m. infe’rius [TA]
`inferior mediastinum: the three inferior portio 32-1
`the mediastinum, com rising the m. auteriur, m. medium, and m. p .
`it
`
`see also medias-tinum ( cf. 2).
`,‘
`
`m. me’dium [TA] middle mediastinum: the division of the melt“
`tinum containing the heart enclosed in its pericardium,
`the ascendin“
`
`
`aorta, the superior vena cava, the bifurcation of the trachea into brOI Ah.
`the pulmonary arteries and veins, the phrenic nerves, a large portion 0
`
`roots of the lungs, and the arch of the azygos vein. Called also
`mediastiual cavity.
`
`the division'ofg v.
`m. poste’rius [TA] posterior mediastinum:
`
`mediastinum bounded posteriorly by the vertebral column, anteanIY“
`the pericardium, and on each side by the pleurae.
`It contains '.“
`
`descending aorta, parts of the greater and lesser azygos and
`'
`
`intercostal veins, the thoracic duct, the esophagus, the vagus nerves,
`‘
`
`the greater splanchnic nerves. Called also posterior mediartiual {W117- 3
`m. supe’rius [TA]
`superior mediastinum;
`the division 0 ‘
`
`mediastinum extending from the pericardium to the root of
`"
`and containing the esophagus and the trachea posteriorly,
`
`p
`‘
`remains anteriorly, and the great vessels related to the
`pericardium, the thoracic duct, and the vagus nerves in between-
`.
`*
`also rupm'or medimiual cavity.
`
`
`
`
`
`1110
`
`l Subdivisions of the mediastinum.
`
`
`
`