RECD 13 APR
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`LOALE,TOWHOM
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`THESE: PRESENTS) SHALL, COME}
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`UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
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`United States Patent and Trademark Office
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`February 22, 2001
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`THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT ANNEXED HERETOIS A TRUE COPY FROM
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`THE RECORDSOF THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK
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`APPLICATION THAT MET THE REQUIREMENTSTO BE GRANTED A
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`APPLICATION NUMBER: 09/541,529
`FILING DATE: April 03, 2000
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`E. BORNETT
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`Certifying Officer
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`APPLE 1006
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`APPLE 1006
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`PA 369078
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`LOALE,TOWHOM
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`THESE: PRESENTS) SHALL, COME}
`
`UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
`
`United States Patent and Trademark Office
`
`February 22, 2001
`
`THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT ANNEXED HERETOIS A TRUE COPY FROM
`
`THE RECORDSOF THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK
`
`OFFICE OF THOSE PAPERS OF THE BELOW IDENTIFIED PATENT
`
`APPLICATION THAT MET THE REQUIREMENTSTO BE GRANTED A
`FILING DATE UNDER35 USC111,
`
`APPLICATION NUMBER: 09/541,529
`FILING DATE: April 03, 2000
`
`PRIORITY DOCUMENT
`SUBMITTED OR TRANSMITTEDIN
`COMPLIANCE WITH
`RULE 17.1(a) OR (b)
`
`
`
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`
`“4 By Authority of the
`wo “COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS
`Se aoull
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`E. BORNETT
`
`Certifying Officer
`
`
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`APPLE 1006
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`1
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`APPLE 1006
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`‘
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`‘PATENT APPLICATION
`DOCKETNO. 1000-0188
`
`IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`0]
`2aei
`Nh
`
`......-- April 3, 2000.
`
`“EXPRESS MAIL" Mailing Label No..
`Date ofDeposit ....
`
`... BY142104548US ....... 0...
`
`Box PATENT APPLICATION
`Assistant Commissioner for Patents
`Washington, D.C. 20231
`
`Sir:
`
`TRANSMITTAL LETTER
`
`Transmitted herewith forfiling is the patent application of
`
`Inventor(s):
`
`Laurent Marchand
`
`For:
`
`AD-HOC NETWORK AND GATEWAY
`
`Enclosed are:
`
`
`
`Thirty-two (32) pages of Patent Specification and Claim(s).
`
`Three (3) sheets of drawings.
`
`EK)
`UeeH An Information Disclosure Citation (Form PTO-1449) with
` A check in the amount of $990.00_ to coverthe filing fee.
`
`Form PTO-1595 and an assignment of the invention to Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson
`(publ).
`
`A check in the amount of $40.00_ to coverthe assignmentrecordation fee.
`
`A Combined Declaration and Power of Attomey.
`
`
`cited references.
`
`i
`
`~
`
`er
`
`oo/ea/igna
`
`It
`
`l
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`
`
`
`
`2
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`
`
`Thefiling fee has been calculated as shown below:
`
`PATENT APPLICATION
`DOCKET NO. 1000-0188
`
`SMALL ENTITY
`
`OTHER THAN A
`SMALL ENTITY
`
`FOR:
`
`(Col. 1)
`NO, FILED
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`(Col, 2)
`NO, EXTRA
`
`
`
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`
`
`
`
`
`
`BASIC FEE $690|$ 690XXXXXXX XXXXXXK
`
`
`
`
`TOTAL CLAIMS OR|x 18=|$ 14428 -20= 8
`
`
`
`
`
`INDEP CLAIMS
`
`5-35
`
`
`
`* Ifthe difference in Col. 1 is less than zero, enter "0" in Col. 2.
`
`[| Please charge my Deposit Account No.
`fee. A duplicate copy of this sheet is enclosed.
`
`in the amountof §$
`
`for the filing
`
`The Commissioner is hereby authorized to charge paymentof the following fees associated
`with this communication or credit any overpayment to Deposit Account No..03-1130. A
`duplicate copy of this sheet is enclosed.
`
`Anyadditional filing fees required under 37 CFR 1.16.
`
`Any patent application processing fees under 37 CFR 1.17.
`
`The Commissioner is hereby authorized to charge paymentof the following fees during the
`pendencyof this application or credit any overpayment to Deposit Account No. 03-1130.
`A duplicate copy of this sheet is enclosed.
`
`Any patent application processing fees under 37 CFR 1.17.
`
`[| The issue fee set in 37 CFR 1.18 at or before mailing of the Notice of Allowance,
`pursuant to 37 CFR 1.311(b).
`
`3
`
`
`
`PATENT APPLICATION
`DOCKETNO.1000-0188
`
`t
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`Any filing fees under 37 CFR 1.16 for presentation of extra claims.
`
`Respectfully submitted,
`
`Dated:_AfeL3,2000tin1lou
`
`Steven W. Smith
`Reg. No. 36,684
`
`SMITH & DANAMRAJ, P.C.
`12900 Preston Road, Suite 1200, LB-15
`Dallas, Texas 75230-1328
`(972) 720-1202, ext. 228
`
`
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`-3-
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`4
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`PATENT APPLICATION
`DOCKETNO. 1000-0188
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`“EXPRESS MAIL” MailingLabel No... . . EJ142104548US ....,...2.
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`Date ofDeposit....... April3, 2000... ..ccceccececeeereeeeeess
`
`
`
`
`AD-HOC NETWORK AND GATEWAY
`
`BACKGROUNDOF THE INVENTION
`
`Technical Field of the Invention
`This mvention relates to telecommunication systems and, more
`particularly, to an ad-hoc network and a gatewaythat provides an interface
`
`between external wireless IP networks and devices in the ad-hoc network.
`
`Description ofRelated Art
`
`Aroundthe world, people are connecting more than ever. Cellular
`
`phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and Internet-enabled computers
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`are commonplace in both businesses and homes. Even where a formal
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`network is not recognized, users want their devices to communicate, and
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`they want easy access to the services made possible by network
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`technology. For example, there are networks in the home connecting
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`audio/visual equipment such as televisions and stereo equipment to home
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`office computers. There are also devices to control networks such as
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`security surveillance systems and temperature-control thermostats.
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`A problem arises in today's environment because traditional
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`networks are much too complex to set up, expand, and manage. For
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`example, adding hardware or software to an office environment usually
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`requires a network administrator to load drivers and configure systems.
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`Even in a home environment, connectingall ofthe components ofa home
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`entertainment system can be a daunting task for the average consumer.
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`Networks today are also too brittle and inflexible. - A slight change in a
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`network can cause havoc that can be extremely difficult to fix. From the
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`consumer's perspective, what is neededis a simple way to connectdigital
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`devices into impromptu, expandable networks for immediate access to a
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`wide variety of services.
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`New technologies are being developed to makeit easier to network
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`multiple devices. Bluetooth, for example, is a wireless communication
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`technology for data and voice. It is based on a low-costshort-range radio
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`link that operates in the unlicensed ISM band at 2.4 GHz. Bluetooth is a
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`layer 1 (physical layer) andlayer 2 (data link layer) technology that allows
`oneuniversal short-rangeradiolinktoreplacemanyproprietarycablesthat
`are currentlyrequired to connect one device to another. The physical layer
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`20
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`provides transmission of signals and the activation and deactivation of
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`physical connections, while the data link layer may include signal
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`- synchronization, error correction, sequencing, and flow control. This layer
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`mayalso provide a data transmissionlink across one or several physical
`connections. Bluetooth, however, does not have any knowledgeof the
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`upperlevel network, transport, session, or application layers.
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`The Bluetooth wireless technology allows users to makeeffortless,
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`wireless, and instant connections between various communication devices
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`such as mobile phones and desktop and laptop computers. Transfer of
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`both voice and data is real-time, and the transmission mode provides
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`security of data and protection from interference. A small chipset is
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`utilized to implement Bluetooth radio technology in a communication
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`device. Two powerlevels are provided, a lower powerlevel that is
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`sufficient to cover the area within a single room, and a higher powerlevel
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`that can cover a medium range such as within a home. Each chipset
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`includes software controls and identity coding that ensure that only those
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`devices preset by the user can communicate overtheradiolink.
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`A Piconet consists of a collection of devices connected via
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`Bluetooth technology in an ad-hoc fashion. A Piconet may comprise as
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`few as two connected devices, such as a computer and a printer, and may
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`comprise as many as eight connected devices (a “master” device and
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`20
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`- seven “slave” devices). Both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint
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`connections are supported. Whenfirst establishing a Piconet, one device
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`acts as a master and the other devices act as slaves for the duration of the
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`Piconet network establishment. Thereafter, the devices behave as peer
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`units. All devices in the same Piconet have priority synchronization, but
`other devices ‘can be set to enter at any time. Multiple independent and
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`non-synchronized Piconets form a Scatternet.
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`A JINI system is a Java-technology-centered, distributed software
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`system designed for simplicity, flexibility, and federation. The JINI
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`architecture provides mechanisms for machines or programs to enter into
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`a federation where each machine or program offers resources to other
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`members of the federation and uses resources as needed. The design of
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`the JINI architecture exploits the ability to move Java programming
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`language code from machine to machine, and it unifies, under the notion
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`of a service, the user, the software, and the hardware components ofthe
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`machines themselves.
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`JINI connectiontechnology simplifies the processesofestablishing,
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`configuring, and controlling a network. From theuser's perspective, JINI
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`technology makes connecting to new levels of services as simple as
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`turning on a light switch.
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`From the traditional service provider's
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`perspective, JINI connection software simplifies delivery andmanagement
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`of services. When a PC connects to a Local Area Network (LAN), for
`example, it uses an IP multicast mechanism to find a server. The server
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`then assigns an IP address to the PC and provides the address of a JINI
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`Lookup Service (LUS). The LUS contains a list of available services
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`provided by other devices on the network. The LUSis also uséd by the
`PC to publish the services that it can provide to other devices on the
`network.’ Services are invoked by transferring a small amountof code
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`written, for example, in Java code. Devices announce not only value-
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`added services, but also their attributes and capabilities to the network.
`JINI technology “communities”are resilient, and adapt very quickly to
`changes as users come and go.
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`The SessionInitiationProtocol (SIP) is an application-layer control
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`protocolthat can establish, modify, and terminate sessions orcalls. These
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`multimedia sessions include multimedia conferences, distance learning,
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`Internet telephony, andsimilar applications. H. 323 is anothercall control
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`protocolforIP telephony definedby the International Telecommunications
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`Union (ITU).
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`Utilizing existing technologies, the following scenario can be
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`realized. A user creates an ad hoc networkbased on Bluetooth technology
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`(i.e., a Bluetooth Piconet). There are three Bluetooth devices in the
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`Piconet: a third generation Internet Protocol (3G IP) mobile telephone, a
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`Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), and a multimedia laptop computer. The
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`mobile phoneis the master unit, and the PDA and laptop are slaves to the
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`mobile phone. Neither the PDA nor the laptop have a cellular radio
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`modem or call control client software (H.323 or SIP) installed. Thus,
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`neither the PDA nor the laptop know anything about the cellular IP
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`network. Therefore, a problem arises when the user wants to establish a
`video call from his laptop.
`Today,thie only way to solve this problem is to insure that each
`device contains ‘a cellular radio modem, a Bluetooth chipset, andacall
`control client. Bluetooth radio units and baseband are very inexpensive
`
`
`
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`when compared to cellular radio modems.
`Consequently,
`it
`is
`inappropriate, expensive, and cumbersome to install a cellular radio
`modem in every device in the Bluetooth Piconet. Furthermore, loading the
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`right call control mechanism (H..323 or SIP client) into a PDA orlaptop,
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`requires the user to have a higherlevel oftechnical knowledge regarding
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`the characteristics of the 3G wireless Internet network.
`Additionally, it is inefficient from the resource point of view to
`require loading a call control client such as H.323 (about 4 MB) in
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`multiple devices on the Piconet. Moreover, even if every device had its
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`own cellular radio modem andcall control client, the IP address scheme
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`in the Piconet will certainly be different than the addressing scheme as
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`currently used in wireless IP networks such as the General Packet Radio
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`Service (GPRS).
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`There are no known prior art teachings of a solution to the
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`deficiencies and shortcomings discussed above.
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`It would be
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`advantageous,therefore, to have an ad-hoc networkthat can be efficiently,
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`easily, and inexpensively established for a plurality of devices, and a
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`gateway that provides access through the ad-hoc network to external
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`wireless IP networks. The present invention provides such a network and
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`gateway.
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`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`In one aspect, the present invention is a gateway for an ad-hoc
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`networkthat providesa call-control interface between an external wireless
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`Internet Protocol (IP) network and devices in the ad-hoc network. The
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`gateway includes a first interface toward the ad-hoc network that
`establishes the gateway as a call-control serverfor clientdevices inthe ad-
`hoc network, and a second interface toward the wireless IP network that
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`establishes the gateway as a call-control client for a server in the wireless
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`IP network. The ad-hoc network may be a Bluetooth Piconet, and the
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`gatewayis preferably implemented in a mobile phone. Thefirst interface
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`may include a private IP address recognized in the Piconet while the
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`second interface may include a public IP address recognized in the
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`wireless IP network.
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`In another aspect, the present invention is a Bluetooth Piconet
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`comprising a plurality of devices having Bluetooth chipsets, the devices
`being linked by a wireless IP network based on Bluetooth technology.
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`The Piconet also includes a JINI Lookup Service (LUS) for making
`services available to the plurality of devices in the Piconet, and a gateway
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`which may be implemented in a mobile phone that providesa call-control
`interface between an external wireless IP network andthe devicesin the
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`Piconet.
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`In another aspect, the present invention is an integrated network
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`comprising a wireless IP network and a Bluetooth Piconet. The wireless
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`IP network includesa call-control server and a Home Subscriber Server
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`(HSS)that stores location information for mobile subscribers, and stores
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`bearer capabilities and application capabilities for IP devices registered
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`with the network. The Bluetooth Piconet includes a plurality of devices
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`having Bluetooth chipsets that are linked by a Bluetooth radio link. The
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`Piconet also includes a JINI LUS for making services available to the
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`plurality of devices in the Piconet, and a gateway that providesa call-
`control interface between the wireless IP network and the devicesin the
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`Piconet.
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`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
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`The invention will be better understood and its numerous objects
`
`and advantages will become more apparent to those skilled in the art by
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`reference to the following drawings,in conjunctionwiththe accompanying
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`specification, in which:
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`FIG. 1 (Prior Art)is an illustrative drawing ofan existing Bluetooth
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`ad-hoc network:
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`FIG. 2 is an illustrative drawing illustrating a protocol stack for a
`Bluetooth Piconet that has been extended into an IP wireless LAN
`
`implementing JINI and Java technologies in accordance with the teachings
`
`of the present invention;
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`FIG. 3 is an illustrative drawing of an ad-hoc network utilizing
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`Bluetooth, IP, and JINI technologies in accordance with the teachings of
`
`the present invention to enable the use of a gateway mobile phone; and
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`FIG. 4 is a simplified functional block diagram of a connection.
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`between a laptop computer and a mobile phone utilizing the ad-hoc
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`network of FIG. 3.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
`
`The present invention relies on several technologies. First, a
`
`wireless IP network is established between devices utilizing Bluetooth
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`technology. Then, JENI (Java) technology is utilized to publish and share
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`services between the devices, andto establish a client/serverrelationship
`
`betweenthe devices and one ofthe devices having a cellular radio modem
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`and a call control client. Finally SIP and/or H.323 are utilized to
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`implement the call control client. The use of SIP is preferred, but the
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`invention may utilize H.323 technology as well.
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`FIG. 1 is an illustrative drawing of an existing Bluetooth ad-hoc
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`network 10. A laptop computer 11, a printer 12, and an office telephone
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`PATENT APPLICATION
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`13 are each equipped with a Bluetooth chipset that enables them to
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`communicate over the Bluetooth radio link 14. The office phone must
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`contain an H.323 or SIP client connected via Asychronous Digital
`Subscriber Line (ADSL) or cable modem.
`FIG.2 is an illustrative drawingillustrating a protocol stack for a
`
`Bluetooth Piconet that has been extended into an IP wireless LAN
`implementingJINIandJavatechnologiesin accordancewiththeteachings
`ofthe present invention. The layers include a physical layer 15 and a link
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`layer 16 which, together, are provided in the present invention by the
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`Bluetooth Piconet. On top of that, a network transport layer 17 is
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`implemented using the Internet Protocol (IP). After an operating system
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`layer 18, a Java technology layer 19 and a JINI technology layer 20
`
`implement the JINI technology providing the capability for an application
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`21 to discover, join, and download services 22 from a JINI LUS.
`
`In the present invention, a mobile phone is equipped with a
`
`Bluetooth chipset.
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`Thus, the mobile phone can simultaneously be
`
`connected to a cellular network and to an ad-hoc Buletooth Piconet.
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`Additionally, the Piconet is extended into an IP wireless LAN in orderto
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`utilize JINI technology for the sharing of services between devicesin the
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`Piconet. Moreover, the mobile phone includes an interface/Application
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`Programming Interface (API) which is am abstraction of a SIP and/or
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`H.323 call control client. Just prior to execution, this API is downloaded
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`to the Bluetooth device involved in an external wirelesscall in order to
`have the device behave as a slave device toward the mobile phone which
`is the master. The API is downloadedonly to the device involved in the
`
`call since the other Bluetooth devices that are not making the call do not
`
`need this particular code. The present invention also anticipates the fact
`
`that many consumer products will be modified to provide multimedia and
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`telephony capabilities, Multimedia laptop computers, for example, will
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`soon contain microphones, speakers, and video cameras. PDAs will also
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`have similar features and potentially act as hands-free phones, etc.
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`FIG.3 is an illustrative drawing of an ad-hoc network 30 utilizing
`
`Bluetooth, IP, and JINI technologies in accordance with the teachings of
`
`the present invention to enable the use of a gateway mobile phone. A
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`laptop computer 31, printer 32, and mobile phone 33 are all Bluetooth-
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`compliant and JINI/Java-capable, enabling JINI APIs to be transported
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`betweenthe devicesutilizing the Bluetooth radio link 34.
`
`The present invention positions the mobile phone 33 as a gateway
`
`between the ad-hoc network and a 3G wireless IP network 35 such as the
`
`General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network. The mobile phone
`
`receives IP packets from the GPRSnetwork through its public IP address,
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`20
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`and forwards the received packets to the private IP address of the
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`destination device in the Piconet. It also translates in the other direction
`for data going out of the Piconet to the GPRS network. With this
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`PATENT APPLICATION
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`invention, any Bluetooth-compliant device in a Piconetthat is multimedia
`capable is able to establish a call as long as one ofthe devicesin the
`Piconet(e.g., the mobile phone) contains a cellular radio modem anda call
`
`control client, and is connected to the wireless IP network. The cellular
`radio modem maybe, for example, a Wideband Code Division Multiple
`Access (WCDMA)modem, anEDGEradio accessmodem, orequivalent.
`Any Bluetooth-compliant device entering into the Piconet utilizes JINI
`
`technology in order to discover and publish lookup servicesthat the device
`
`can receive or offer to other devices in the Piconet.
`
`FIG. 4 is a simplified functional block diagram of a connection
`
`betweentwo devices such as the laptop computer 3 land the mobile phone
`
`33 utilizing the ad-hoc network 30 of FIG. 3. The present invention
`
`establishes three new interfaces or Application Programming Interfaces
`
`(APIs) between the slave device placing the call and the master mobile
`
`phone, and enhances the H.323 and/or SIP clients in the mobile phone to
`
`act as a server application. The interfaces are preferably implemented as
`
`JINI services. Thefirst interface/API is an abstraction of a SIP and/or
`
`1.323 call control client 41. This interface enables any of the Bluetooth
`
`devices on the Piconet to behave as a slave device toward the mobile
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`phone whichis the master. This allows the establishmentofvoicecalls in
`
`a simple fashion regardlessofthe call control mechanism supportedin the
`
`mobile phone or network. The second interface/API is a SIP client 42
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`which enables the use of the full SIP client capabilities. The SIP client
`
`interfaces via SIP signaling with a SIP proxy server 43 in the 3G wireless
`
`IP network: The third interface/APIis an H.323 client 44 which enables
`
`the use ofthe full H.323client capabilities. The H.323 client interfacesvia
`
`H.323 signaling with an H.323 gatekeeper 45.
`
`Utilizing the JINI Lookup Service (LUS) 46, the gateway mobile
`
`phone 33 must "publish"in the BluetoothPiconet, the call control services
`
`thatit offers. The other Bluetooth devices on the Piconet perform an add-
`
`in protocol called “discovery and join”to locate the LUS and upload all
`ofits services’ interfaces, including the call control services, The H.323
`and/or SIP clients in the mobile phone are enhanced to behave as a server
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`application in order for Bluetooth compliant devices to talk to other
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`devices that contain a SIP and/or an H.323client.
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`In addition to defining a set of protocols for discovery, join, and
`lookup, JINItechnology also defines a leasing and transactionmechanism
`to provide resilience in a dynamic networked environment.
`The
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`technology and services architecture is powerful enough to support a fully
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`distributed system on a network of workstations, while small enough to
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`build a community of devices out of simple devices such as home
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`entertainment devices or mobile phones.
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`Devices in a network employing JINI technology may betied
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`together using Java Remote Method Invocation (RMD). Byusing the Java
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`PATENT APPLICATION
`DOCKET NO. 1000-0188
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`programming language, a JINI connection architecture is secure. The
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`discovery andjoin protocols, as well as the lookup service depend on the
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`ability to move Java objects, including their code, between Javavirtual
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`machines,
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`Alternatively, JINI call control APIs may be transmitted to and from
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`the call control server in the mobile phone with the Internet Inter-ORB
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`Protocol (IIOP). An ORB is an Object Request Broker utilized in the
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`Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA). CORBAis a
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`strategy, a set of specifications, an infrastructure, and a set of tools that
`enablesreusable programming objects to be usedbymanyapplications in
`a platform-independent manner. The architecture provides general
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`services and request and response capabilities at a low level, independent
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`of the upper level architecture.
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`The distribution of a variety of
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`programming languages is supported.
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`Fixed telecommunications protocols such as ANSI-41 or $87 have
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`a problem when a new parameter is added to an existing message, or a
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`new message is added because existing applications may not be able to
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`handle the changes. The applications then do not work when anodein the
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`network is updated with the latest revision of the protocol. As noted
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`above, the present invention overcomes this problem by using a solution
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`that is more closely aligned with the approach developed by the computer
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`industry. The solution is more API-centric in that, rather than defining a
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`PATENT APPLICATION
`DOCKET NO,1000-0188
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`large set ofprotocols, an APIis published toward an application, and the
`application uses the API as a client. Of course, the API, which may be a
`small piece of Java code, is transmitted as messages over the wire; but
`rather than having a large number of distinct messages, the present
`invention uses a call control client such as a SIP client in the mobile phone
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`that can only generate a few generic messages such as Get, Send, Receive,
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`ete.
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`Jn the present invention, a JINI call control API 47 is published by
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`the mobile phone 33 and enables the applications 21 in the laptop and
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`other devices in the Piconet to make use ofthe facilities of, for example,
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`the SIP client 42 in the mobile phone. The JINI cali control API is an
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`abstraction of both SIP and H.323 since at this time it is not known
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`whether SIP or H.323 will be the accepted standard. Once a standardis
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`determined, the API may be constructed as an abstraction of one or the
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`other, or an equivalent call control protocol.
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`Assuming that the preferred standard is SIP, when the userdesires
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`to send a call, he is actually instructing the mobile phone to send a SIP
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`INVITE message, whichis the initial SIP messageto establish a call. The
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`mobile phone, regardless of whether it supports SIP or H.323 generates
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`the right sequence of messages to SIP the call. This approach is
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`substantially simpler than the direct utilization of these protocols, and it
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`decouplesall the applications from the underlying infrastructure.
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`PATENT APPLICATION
`DOCKET NO.1000-0188
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`Many useful network activities are possible with the network
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`atchitecture of the present invention. For example, a user with a
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`Biuetooth-compliant mobile phone may walk into a room that has a printer
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`and a laptop computer, both of which are also Bluetooth-compliant.
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`However, in this example, there is no WCDMA or EDGEradio access
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`modem in the laptop. Regardless ofthis fact, with the present invention,
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`he can still print a file from the laptop on the printer, and can also establish
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`a voice or video call from the laptop. Today, the user would have to
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`purchase a SIP client andinstall the SIP client in the laptop in order to do
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`so. Since installing the SIP client involves configuringthe laptop to get a
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`static or dynamic IP address, and many other specialized tasks, it is
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`beyond the capability of most consumers.
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`In the present invention, the laptop uses the mobile phone as a
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`gateway toward the wireless IP network. When all these Bluetooth
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`devices are located within approximately 10 meters of each other for alow
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`power Bluetooth Piconet, or within approximately 100 meters of each
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`other for a high powerBluetooth Piconet, the mobile phone connectsto the
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`Bluetooth Piconet as well as to the wireless network. Atthat point, all of
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`the devices on the Piconet publish the services they can provide to the
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`other devices through the JINI LUS. If a visitor with a communication
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`device such as a PDA comestothe office location and wants to send some
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`e-mail, but does not have a connection, he may register with the Piconet
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`PATENT APPLICATION
`DOCKET NO. 1000-0188
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`and use the call control client that the host’s mobile phone is providing.
`He can then send andreceive his e-mail through the host’s mobile phone.
`A password may be required to access the services available in the
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`Piconet.
`The services menu on the laptop indicatesall services available on
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`the Piconet. Whenthe userplaces a call from the laptop, the SIP client in
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`the mobile phone sends an APIto the laptop that is used to route the call
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`through the mobile phoneto the wireless IP network. The SIP client in the
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`mobile phone behavesas a server application for the Piconet, and another
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`API is downloaded to the laptop in order to connect to the server. The
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`phoneacts as a server application toward the laptop, and acts as a client
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`and gateway toward the wireless IP network.
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`In the preferred embodiment, the mobile phone has two IP
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`addresses: a public IP address recognized by the wireless IP network such
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`as an external GPRS network, and a private IP address recognized by the
`other devices on the Piconet. The use of private IP addresses on the
`Piconet is beneficial in two ways. First, security is enhanced on the
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`Piconet since outside entities do not knowtheprivate IP address of each
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`device and therefore cannot gain direct access to those devices. Second,
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`the use ofprivate IP addresses helps with the problem ofthe depletion of
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`public IP address.
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`PATENT APPLICATION ©
`DOCKET NO. 1000-0188
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`The mobile phone has a radio access modem and a Bluetooth
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`chipset, so it has two interfaces. The two physical interfaces may appear
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`with the same logical IP address, but this is not preferred since the other
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`Bluetooth devices would then require public IP addresses as well.
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`In the wireless IP network 35, the existence ofthe laptop 31 is not
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`known. The only IP addressthat is known is the public IP address of the
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`mobile phone 33 which is published in the wireless IP network. All
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`incoming IP packets toward the mobile phonethat are targeted toward the
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`laptop application 21 are received onthe public IP address ofthe mobile
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`phoneandare then pushed to the private IP address of the appropriate
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`device (the laptop) on the Bluetooth Piconet.
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`Severalpotential problems involvingpublic andprivate IP addresses
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`are resolvedby the API that is sent from the SIP client in the mobile phone
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`to the laptop. First, the use ofprivate IP addresses in public IP networks
`can cause problems since the assignmentof private IP addresses is not
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`controlled at a higher level, and duplicate private IP addresses can be
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`In the present invention, the public IP
`assigned to different parties.
`address of the mobile phone is used for communications in the public
`network. An additional problem mayarise ifa National Access Translator
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`(NAT), as proposed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF),is
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`used in an attempt to overcome the problem of duplicate private IP
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`addresses. The NAT device temporarily provides a networked device with
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`PATENT APPLICATION
`DOCKET NO.1000-0188
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`aglobalpublic IP addresswhenthedevice desiresto communicate outside
`ofits private network. However, in real-time applicationssuch as Voice-
`over-IP (VoIP), the IP addresses of the parties are contained in the
`payload itselfin addition to the packet headers. Thesituation mayarise,
`therefore, when the NAT device changes the source IP address in the
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`headerto a temporary public IP address, but the payloadstill identifies the
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`source IP address as the private IP address. Thus, there is an IP address
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`mismatch that creates problems for real-time applications such as VoIP.
`
`In the present invention, the API ensures that this mismatch does not
`occur.
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`The invention is not limited to wireless office applications, but has
`
`many other potential uses. For example, a user may have a Bluetooth-
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`compliant screen phonein his house, and the phone is connected to a cable
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`modem. When he enters his house with his Bluetooth-compliant mobile
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`_
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`phone, the mobile phone recognizes that there is already a Bluetooth
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`device on the Piconet that enables the user to place calls. The mobile
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`phone may then disconnect from the external wireless network while
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`remaining connected to the Bluetooth Piconet. Thereafter, if the user
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`places a call with his mobile phone from within his house, the mobile
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`phone behavesas a cordless phonethatis linked to the screen phone as a
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`base unit. Therefore, the call goes through the screen phone thatis
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`connected to the cable or DSL modem, Thus, the Piconet enables the call
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`PATENT APPLICATION
`DOCKET NO. 1000-0188
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`to be placed inthe most cost-effective manner. Uponexiting the house,
`the mobile phone loses the Bluetooth connection and re-connects to the
`external wireless network.
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`The mobile phone may connect to multiple independent Piconets
`since each Piconet is limited to eight devices on the network. This
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`configuration requires that the mobile phoneutilize a different IP address
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`for each Piconet. Due to the problem of the depletion of public IP
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`addresses, these addresses are preferably private IP addresses, although
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`this is not required.
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`The present invention also provides a sending device with the
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`capability to determine the terminal class and terminal configuration(i.e.,
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`bearer capability and application cap
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