WILEY ELECTRICAL AND
`ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
`DICTIONARY
`
`Steven M. Kaplan
`Lexicographer
`
`IEEE
`IEEE PRESS _
`
`|
`
`|
`
`FWY.
`
`INTERSCIENCE
`
`A JOHN WILEY & SONS,INC., PUBLICATION
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`PANASONIC
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`EX. 1013, Page 1
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`PANASONIC
`EX. 1013, Page 1
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`Copyright © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons,Inc. All rights reserved.
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`Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
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`Kaplan, Steven M.
`
`Wiley Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary
`
`ISBN 0-47 1-40224-9
`
`Printed in the United States ofAmerica.
`
`1098765432
`
`PANASONIC
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`EX. 1013, Page 2
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`PANASONIC
`EX. 1013, Page 2
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`guard ring
`
`326
`
`gyroscopic
`
`1. A metallic ring which is placed around. a
`guard ring
`charged body, such as a terminal,.and which serves to
`evenly distribute electric charge over the surrounded sur-
`face, 2. A guard ring (1) placed around oneofthe parallel
`plates of a capacitor to eliminate the edge effect.
`guard-ring capacitor A capacitor with a guard ring (2)
`placed. around oneofits parallel plates to eliminate the edge
`effect.
`
`guard shield A shielding enclosure surroundingall or part of
`the input circuit of an amplifier.
`guard wire A grounded wire which is situated in a manner
`which allowsit to catch and ground a high-voltage overhead
`transmission line in the event it breaks. Used as a safety
`precaution to protect persons or objects which could comein
`contact with such a line under these circumstances.
`guarding The placement of low-impedance conductors at
`specific points in a circuit, so as to divert leakage currents.
`Gudden-Pohleffect A light flash occurring when an electric
`field is applied to an ultraviolet-irradiated phosphor.
`guest A user that logs onto a network or system without hav-
`ing registered or otherwise established an account. Guests
`typically have restricted access and/or privileges. Also
`calied visitor (2).
`guest account An account with restricted access and/orprivi-
`leges provided to a guest. Also called visitor account,
`guest password A generic password assigned to a guest.
`Also called visitor password.
`GUI Acronym for graphical user interface, or graphic user
`interface. A user interface whichutilizes displayed graphics
`to provide a simpler and more intuitive manner to interact
`with a computer. A GUI features a desktop, icons, dialog
`boxes, menus, buttons, and so on, which provide the choices
`available to a user at any given moment, and a pointing de-
`vice such as a mouseor a stylus, so that the user may utilize
`them simply. Also called graphical interface, or graphics
`interface.
`.
`
`guidance Any process, mechanism, or system employed to
`direct the path of a robot or vehicle. The devices and/or
`equipmentutilized for guidance may be onboard, or control-
`ling signals may be sent from a remotesite.
`guidance computer A computerutilized for guidance. Usu-
`ally refers to an-onboard computer.
`guidance system A system employed to direct the path ofa
`robot or vehicle. The devices and/or equipmentutilized for
`guidance may be onboard,or controlling signals may be sent
`from a remotesite.
`
`guide .1. A device which servesto direct along a given course.
`Also, that which serves to indicate, or to regulate operation.
`2. A material medium whose physical boundaries confine
`and direct propagating electromagnetic waves. A guide, for
`instance, may be a hollow metallic conductor, a coaxial ca-
`ble, a fiber-optic cable, or an atmospheric duct. Guides en-
`able propagation of electromagnetic waves with very little
`attenuation. Also called waveguide (1).
`3. A guide (2)
`consisting of a hollow metal tube, and whichis utilized pri-
`marily for propagating microwave energy.
`The cross-
`section of such a tube may have any ofvarious shapes, the
`most common being rectangular, circular, and elliptical.
`The waves are propagated along the longitudinal axis. Also
`called waveguide(2).
`_ guided propagation The propagation of radio waves through
`an atmospheric duct. Also called trapping.
`guided tour Online help in which a user is walked through
`each of the steps necessary to complete a given task.
`guided wave A wave whose energy is confined to given
`boundaries. An example is a wave traveling in a waveguide.
`guillotine attenuator A waveguide attenuator in which a
`sheet or plate of dissipative material is placed through a non-
`
`'
`
`radiating slot. As the sheet or plate is moved into and out of -
`the slot, a variable amountofloss is introduced. Also called
`vane attenuator, rotary-vane attenuator, or flap attenu-
`ator.
`
`guiltware Freeware, shareware, or the like, which has mes-
`sages meant to make users feel guilty if they don’t send
`moneyto the developers.
`gull-wing lead On a chip package, a lead which extends out
`and down, so as to resemble a wing of a gull gliding. J-
`leads occupyless space.
`1. A
`gun Also called electron gun, or electron-beam gun.
`device which produces, and usually controls, an electron
`beam. Used, for instance, in CRTs, klystrons, electron mi-
`croscopes, lasers, and for machining or drilling. 2. A gun
`(1) in a CRT.
`It incorporates a cathode which emits the
`electrons, a control grid, and accelerating and focusing elec-
`trodes.
`
`Gunn diode A diode exhibiting the Gunn effect. Utilized,
`for instance, to produce microwaveoscillations.
`Gunn effect An effect observed in certain semiconductor
`crystals, in which oscillations at microwave frequencies are
`generated when a sufficiently high DC is applied. A small
`block of gallium arsenide, for instance, exhibits this effect.
`Gunnoscillator An oscillator utilizing a Gunn diode,
`_
`gunzip Abbreviation of GNU unzip. A popular decompres-
`sion utility.
`GUT Abbreviation of Grand Unified Theory..
`gutta-percha A natural rubber-like substance whichis util-
`ized for insulation of cables.
`
`GV Abbreviation of gigavolt.
`GW Abbreviation of gigawatt.
`GWh Abbreviation of gigawatt-hour.
`GWhr Abbreviation of gigawatt-hour.
`Gy Abbreviation of gray.
`gyrator A device which reverses the phase ofa signal propa-
`gated in one direction, while causing no phase shift in sig-
`nals propagated in the opposite direction. A gyrator is usu-
`ally utilized in waveguides, and may or may not incorporate
`active devices.
`
`gyro Abbreviation of gyroscope.
`gyre horizon A gyroscope used to indicate the position of an
`aircraft with respect to a horizontal reference, usually the
`horizon.
`
`gyrocompass A compass incorporating a gyroscope. Such a
`compassis not affected by magnetic variations, and provides
`an accurate line of reference for ships, aircraft, or the like.
`Also called gyroscopic compass.
`gyrofrequency The angular frequencyoftheorbit ofa parti-
`cle orbiting along an axis which is perpendicular to a uni-
`form magnetic field. Also called cyclotron frequency(3).
`gyromagnetic Pertaining to the magnetic properties ofrotat-
`ing charged particles, such as electrons surrounding the nu-
`clei of atoms,
`
`gyromagnetic effect The rotation induced in a body whose
`magnetization is changed. Similarly, the magnetization in-
`duced in a rotating body.
`It is a weak effect, and contributes
`slightly to the earth’s magnetic field.
`gyropilot An automatic pilot incorporating one or more gyro-
`scopes.
`gyroscope A mechanical device consisting of a heavy spin-
`ning wheel mounted on a gimble. The spinning wheel main-
`tains the same orientation in space, regardless of how the
`base is turned. When mounted on a double gimbalitis free
`to rotate in three mutually perpendicular axes. Used, for in-
`stance, in a gyrocompass. Its abbreviationis BRASONIC
`gyroscopic Pertaining to, or incorporating a gyroscope.
`EX. 1013, Page 3
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`EX. 1013, Page 3
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`Augerelectron spectroscopy
`
`Auger electron spectroscopy An analytical technique which
`analyzes Auger electrons expelled from the surface of a
`solid which has been irradiated with particles such as elec-
`trons or photons, Utilized, with high spatial resolution, to
`determine the distributions of the elements composing the
`surface of the solid. Its abbreviation is AES.
`Augertransition The energy transition of an electron within
`an atom undergoing the Augereffect.
`augmentative and alternative communication Technology
`which enables those with special needs in communication,
`such as individuals with reduced vision, hearing, and/or mo-
`tor function,
`to correspond, share, learn, teach, and other-
`wise communicate more effectively.
`Its abbreviation is
`AAC.
`
`augmented reality An environment or setting which com-
`bines virtual and real images and objects. For example, vir-
`tual images may be superimposed upon real objects. Also
`called augmented virtuality, mixed reality, or enhanced
`reality.
`augmented virtuality Same as augmentedreality.
`AUI Abbreviation of attachmentunitinterface.
`AUP Abbreviation of acceptable usepolicy.
`aural masking Same as audio masking.
`auralsignal 1. A signal that is within the range of frequencies
`that humans can hear. 2. The audio portion of a TV signal.
`aural transmitter Same as audio transmitter,
`aurora A luminous phenomenon of. the upper atmosphere
`occurring mostly in the high latitudes of both hemispheres.
`That is, around the north and south magnetic poles.
`In the
`northern hemisphere auroras are called aurora borealis, or
`northern lights, and in the southern hemisphere they are
`called aurora astralis, or southern lights. They are caused
`by the interaction of excited particles from space with parti-
`cles of the upper atmosphere. Auroras can take any of sev-
`eral forms, such.as arcs, bands, or patches, and usually affect
`radio communications.
`
`- auto redial
`
`authentication token An object or device, such as a smart
`card, which serves to authenticate a user in orderto gain ac-
`cess to a computer network. Such a card, for instance, may
`be inserted into a smart card reader, with the holder
`prompted for a password or PIN for addedsecurity. Also
`called security token.
`authoring programs Sameas authoring software.
`authoring software Softwarethat facilitates the development
`of learning and teaching materials with significantly less
`programmingthan if a programming language were used, or
`with no programming at all. Mayserve, for instance, to cre-
`ate Websites, or multimedia presentations. Also called au-
`thoring programs, or authoring system.
`authoring system Same as authoring software.
`authorization
`In computers and networks,
`the granting of
`access to resources to an individual which has provided a
`valid combination of user name and password,orits equiva-
`lent.
`
`authorization code A sequence of characters which serve as a
`password,orits equivalent, to obtain access to a computer or
`network.
`
`auto- A prefix used in words pertaining to that which is auto-
`matic, or which acts or occurs from within. For example,
`autoalarm,or autopilot.
`’ auto-alarm Abbreviation of automatic alarm.
`auto answer Abbreviation of automatic answering. A fea-
`ture which allows a modem to answer an incoming call
`automatically. Once done, it attempts to establish the con-
`nection.
`Its own abbreviation is AA. Also spelled autoan-
`swer.
`
`auto answering Same as auto answer.
`auto attendant A computerized system which automatically
`answerscalls, routes. them, and takes messages.
`It incorpo-
`rates voice prompts, ‘often has extensive memory for mes-
`sages, and may include voice-recognition. Also spelled
`autoattendant.
`
`aurora astralis An aurora occurring in the southern hemi-
`sphere. Also called southern lights.
`,
`aurora borealis An aurora occurring in the northern hemi-
`sphere. Also called northernlights.
`auroral. absorption The absorption of radio waves by an
`aurora. This causes a fadeout of radio communications.
`auroral activity The interaction of excited particles from
`space and particles of the upper atmosphere during an
`aurora.
`It usually affects radio communications.
`auroral electrojet Multimillion ampere currents that flow in
`the auroral region. They are in the shape ofa large oval, and
`are centered over the magnetic poles.
`auroral event The occurrence of an aurora.
`auroral oval Sameas auroralregion.
`auroral propagation Propagation of radio waves which are
`reflected off an aurora. Such waves are usually in the very-
`high frequency range.
`auroral reflection Radio waves which are reflected off an
`aurora. Such waves are usually in the very-high frequency
`range.
`;
`auroral region An oval-shaped region over a magnetic pole
`wherean aurora appears. During large magnetic storms this
`region expands greatly. Also called auroraloval.
`auroral zone A zone where auroras are most common, which
`is usually aroundthe north and south magnetic poles.
`authentication In computers and communications, the proc-
`ess of verifying the legitimacy of a transmission, user, or
`system. Measures such as passwords and digital signatures
`are employed.
`authentication code A string of bits or characters, or a value,
`utilized for authentication.
`
`auto baud detect A feature which allows a modem to sense
`the speed of the calling modem, andto configureitself ac-
`cordingly. Also spelled autobaud detect.
`auto bias Abbreviation of automatic bias.
`auto bypass
`1. In a network, the capacity to automatically
`bypass a terminal or device which is not functioning prop-
`erly. This allows the working components to continue op-
`eration with a minimum of disruption. 2. The capacity to
`automatically bypass a malfunctioning component within a
`device. This allows the working components to continue
`operation with a minimumofdisruption, especiallyif there
`is redundancy.
`auto call Sameas autodial.
`auto complete Same as autocomplete.
`Auto Correct Same as AutoCorrect.
`auto dial Sameas autodial.
`auto-ionization Same as Augereffect.
`auto-load Same as automatic loading.
`auto logon Sameas autologon.
`auto-negotiate Same as autonegotiate.
`auto-pilot Same as automatic pilot.
`auto play Same as autoplay.
`auto polling Sameas autopolling.
`auto ranging Same as autoranging.
`auto redial A feature which allows a device, such as a tele-
`phone or modem, to automatically dial the last entered tele-
`phone number, or one that has been programmed into its
`memory. The device may redial a specific ny raf ti
`for a given time interval, or until a connection ANASONIC
`Also spelled autoredial.
`EX. 1013, Page 4
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`PANASONIC
`EX. 1013, Page 4
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