Specification Volume 2
`
`Specification
`of the Bluetooth
`System
`
`Wireless connections made easy
`
`Core System
`Package
`[Controller volume]
`
`Covered Core Package version:
`2.0 + EDR
`Current Master TOC issued:
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`BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 2.0 + EDR [vol 2]
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`page 2 of 814
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`Revision History
`
`The Revision History is shown in the “Appendix” on page 51[vol. 0].
`
`Contributors
`
`The persons who contributed to this specification are listed in the “Appendix”
`on page 51[vol. 0].
`
`Web Site
`
`This specification can also be found on the official Bluetooth web site:
`http://www.bluetooth.com
`
`Disclaimer and Copyright Notice
`
`The copyright in these specifications is owned by the Promoter Members of
`Bluetooth SIG, Inc. (“Bluetooth SIG”). Use of these specifications and any
`related intellectual property (collectively, the “Specification”), is governed by the
`Promoters Membership Agreement among the Promoter Members and Blue-
`tooth SIG (the “Promoters Agreement”), certain membership agreements
`between Bluetooth SIG and its Adopter and Associate Members (the “Member-
`ship Agreements”) and the Bluetooth Specification Early Adopters Agreements
`(“1.2 Early Adopters Agreements”) among Early Adopter members of the unin-
`corporated Bluetooth special interest group and the Promoter Members (the
`“Early Adopters Agreement”). Certain rights and obligations of the Promoter
`Members under the Early Adopters Agreements have been assigned to Blue-
`tooth SIG by the Promoter Members.
`
`Use of the Specification by anyone who is not a member of Bluetooth SIG or a
`party to an Early Adopters Agreement (each such person or party, a “Mem-
`ber”), is prohibited. The legal rights and obligations of each Member are gov-
`erned by their applicable Membership Agreement, Early Adopters Agreement
`or Promoters Agreement. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or other-
`wise, to any intellectual property rights are granted herein.
`
`Any use of the Specification not in compliance with the terms of the applicable
`Membership Agreement, Early Adopters Agreement or Promoters Agreement
`is prohibited and any such prohibited use may result in termination of the appli-
`cable Membership Agreement or Early Adopters Agreement and other liability
`permitted by the applicable agreement or by applicable law to Bluetooth SIG or
`any of its members for patent, copyright and/or trademark infringement.
`
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`THE SPECIFICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH NO WARRANTIES
`WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY,
`NONINFRINGEMENT, FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE,
`SATISFACTORY QUALITY, OR REASONABLE SKILL OR CARE, OR ANY
`WARRANTY ARISING OUT OF ANY COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, TRADE
`PRACTICE, PROPOSAL, SPECIFICATION OR SAMPLE.
`
`Each Member hereby acknowledges that products equipped with the Bluetooth®
`technology (“Bluetooth® Products”) may be subject to various regulatory controls
`under the laws and regulations of various governments worldwide. Such laws
`and regulatory controls may govern, among other things, the combination,
`operation, use, implementation and distribution of Bluetooth® Products.
`Examples of such laws and regulatory controls include, but are not limited to,
`airline regulatory controls, telecommunications regulations, technology transfer
`controls and health and safety regulations. Each Member is solely responsible
`for the compliance by their Bluetooth® Products with any such laws and
`regulations and for obtaining any and all required authorizations, permits, or
`licenses for their Bluetooth® Products related to such regulations within the
`applicable jurisdictions. Each Member acknowledges that nothing in the
`Specification provides any information or assistance in connection with securing
`such compliance, authorizations or licenses. NOTHING IN THE
`SPECIFICATION CREATES ANY WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR
`IMPLIED, REGARDING SUCH LAWS OR REGULATIONS.
`
`ALL LIABILITY, INCLUDING LIABILITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY
`INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OR FOR NONCOMPLIANCE WITH
`LAWS, RELATING TO USE OF THE SPECIFICATION IS EXPRESSLY
`DISCLAIMED. BY USE OF THE SPECIFICATION, EACH MEMBER
`EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY CLAIM AGAINST BLUETOOTH SIG AND ITS
`PROMOTER MEMBERS RELATED TO USE OF THE SPECIFICATION.
`
`Bluetooth SIG reserves the right to adopt any changes or alterations to the
`Specification as it deems necessary or appropriate.
`
`Copyright © 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004
`
`Agere Systems, Inc.,
`Ericsson Technology Licensing, AB,
`IBM Corporation,
`Intel Corporation,
`Microsoft Corporation,
`Motorola, Inc.,
`Nokia Corporation,
`Toshiba Corporation
`
`*Third-party brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
`
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`BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 2.0 + EDR [vol 2]
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`page 4 of 814
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`BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Version 2.0 + EDR [vol 3]
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`page 5 of 814
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`3.2
`
`4.2
`
`Part A
`RADIO SPECIFICATION
`Contents ........................................................................................................25
`1
`Scope ..................................................................................................27
`2
`Frequency Bands and Channel Arrangement .................................29
`3
`Transmitter Characteristics...............................................................31
`3.1
`Basic Rate..................................................................................32
`3.1.1 Modulation Characteristics............................................32
`3.1.2 Spurious Emissions.......................................................33
`3.1.3 Radio Frequency Tolerance ..........................................34
`Enhanced Data Rate..................................................................34
`3.2.1 Modulation Characteristics............................................34
`3.2.2 Spurious Emissions.......................................................37
`3.2.3 Radio Frequency Tolerance ..........................................38
`3.2.4 Relative Transmit Power ...............................................39
`Receiver Characteristics ...................................................................41
`4.1
`Basic Rate..................................................................................41
`4.1.1 Actual Sensitivity Level..................................................41
`4.1.2
`Interference Performance..............................................41
`4.1.3 Out-of-Band Blocking ....................................................42
`4.1.4
`Intermodulation Characteristics.....................................42
`4.1.5 Maximum Usable Level.................................................43
`4.1.6 Receiver Signal Strength Indicator................................43
`4.1.7 Reference Signal Definition...........................................43
`Enhanced Data Rate..................................................................43
`4.2.1 Actual Sensitivity Level..................................................43
`4.2.2 BER Floor Performance ................................................43
`4.2.3
`Interference Performance..............................................43
`4.2.4 Maximum Usable Level.................................................44
`4.2.5 Out-of-Band and Intermodulation Characteristics .........45
`4.2.6 Reference Signal Definition...........................................45
`Appendix A .........................................................................................47
`5.1
` Nominal Test Conditions ...........................................................47
`5.1.1
` Nominal temperature....................................................47
`5.1.2
` Nominal power source..................................................47
` Extreme Test Conditions ...........................................................48
`5.2.1
` Extreme temperatures..................................................48
`5.2.2
` Extreme power source voltages ...................................48
`
`5.2
`
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`6
`7
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`Appendix B .........................................................................................49
`Appendix C .........................................................................................51
`7.1
`Enhanced Data Rate Modulation Accuracy ...............................51
`
`Part B
`BASEBAND SPECIFICATION
`Contents ........................................................................................................57
`1
`General Description...........................................................................63
`1.1
`Bluetooth Clock .........................................................................64
`1.2
`Bluetooth Device Addressing.....................................................66
`1.2.1 Reserved addresses .....................................................66
`Access Codes............................................................................67
`1.3
`Physical Channels .............................................................................69
`2.1
`Physical Channel Definition .......................................................70
`2.2
`Basic Piconet Physical Channel ................................................70
`2.2.1 Master-slave definition ..................................................70
`2.2.2 Hopping characteristics.................................................71
`2.2.3
`Time slots......................................................................71
`2.2.4 Piconet clocks ...............................................................72
`2.2.5
`Transmit/receive timing .................................................72
`Adapted Piconet Physical Channel............................................75
`2.3.1 Hopping characteristics.................................................75
`Page Scan Physical Channel ....................................................76
`2.4.1 Clock estimate for paging..............................................76
`2.4.2 Hopping characteristics.................................................76
`2.4.3 Paging procedure timing ...............................................77
`2.4.4 Page response timing ...................................................78
`Inquiry Scan Physical Channel ..................................................80
`2.5.1 Clock for inquiry ............................................................80
`2.5.2 Hopping characteristics.................................................80
`2.5.3
`Inquiry procedure timing................................................80
`2.5.4
`Inquiry response timing.................................................80
`2.6 Hop Selection ............................................................................82
`2.6.1 General selection scheme.............................................82
`2.6.2 Selection kernel ............................................................86
`2.6.3 Adapted hop selection kernel........................................89
`2.6.4 Control word..................................................................90
`Physical Links ...................................................................................95
`3.1
`Link Supervision ........................................................................95
`
`2
`
`3
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`2.3
`
`2.4
`
`2.5
`
`6
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`4.6
`4.7
`
`4
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`5
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`6
`
`Logical Transports .............................................................................97
`4.1 General ......................................................................................97
`4.2
`Logical Transport Address (LT_ADDR)......................................97
`4.3
`Synchronous Logical Transports................................................98
`4.4
`Asynchronous Logical Transport................................................98
`4.5
`Transmit/Receive Routines ........................................................99
`4.5.1
`TX Routine ....................................................................99
`4.5.2 RX routine ...................................................................102
`4.5.3
`Flow control.................................................................103
`Active Slave Broadcast Transport............................................104
`Parked Slave Broadcast Transport ..........................................105
`4.7.1 Parked member address (PM_ADDR)........................105
`4.7.2 Access request address (AR_ADDR) .........................105
`Logical Links ....................................................................................107
`5.1
`Link Control Logical Link (LC)..................................................107
`5.2
`ACL Control Logical Link (ACL-C) ...........................................107
`5.3
`User Asynchronous/Isochronous Logical Link (ACL-U)...........107
`5.3.1 Pausing the ACL-U logical link....................................108
`User Synchronous Data Logical Link (SCO-S) .......................108
`5.4
`User Extended Synchronous Data Logical Link (eSCO-S) .....108
`5.5
`Logical Link Priorities ...............................................................108
`5.6
`Packets..............................................................................................109
`6.1 General Format........................................................................109
`6.1.1 Basic Rate...................................................................109
`6.1.2 Enhanced Data Rate ...................................................109
`Bit Ordering..............................................................................110
`Access Code............................................................................ 111
`6.3.1 Access code types ...................................................... 111
`6.3.2 Preamble.....................................................................112
`6.3.3 Sync word....................................................................112
`6.3.4
`Trailer ..........................................................................115
`Packet Header .........................................................................116
`6.4.1
`LT_ADDR ....................................................................116
`6.4.2
`TYPE...........................................................................116
`6.4.3
`FLOW..........................................................................117
`6.4.4 ARQN..........................................................................117
`6.4.5 SEQN ..........................................................................117
`6.4.6 HEC.............................................................................117
`Packet Types ...........................................................................118
`6.5.1 Common packet types.................................................119
`
`6.2
`6.3
`
`6.4
`
`6.5
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`6.6
`
`6.5.2 SCO packets ...............................................................123
`6.5.3
`eSCO packets .............................................................124
`6.5.4 ACL packets................................................................126
`Payload Format .......................................................................128
`6.6.1 Synchronous data field................................................128
`6.6.2 Asynchronous data field..............................................130
`Packet Summary .....................................................................134
`6.7
`Bitstream Processing ......................................................................137
`7.1
`Error Checking.........................................................................138
`7.1.1 HEC generation ..........................................................138
`7.1.2 CRC generation ..........................................................139
`7.2 Data Whitening ........................................................................141
`7.3
`Error Correction .......................................................................142
`7.4
`FEC Code: Rate 1/3 ................................................................142
`7.5
`FEC Code: Rate 2/3 ................................................................143
`7.6
`ARQ Scheme...........................................................................144
`7.6.1 Unnumbered ARQ.......................................................144
`7.6.2 Retransmit filtering ......................................................147
`7.6.3
`Flushing payloads .......................................................150
`7.6.4 Multi-slave considerations...........................................150
`7.6.5 Broadcast packets.......................................................150
`Link Controller Operation ...............................................................153
`8.1 Overview of States...................................................................153
`8.2
`Standby State...........................................................................154
`8.3 Connection Establishment Substates ......................................154
`8.3.1 Page scan substate.....................................................154
`8.3.2 Page substate .............................................................156
`8.3.3 Page response substates............................................159
`8.4 Device Discovery Substates ....................................................163
`8.4.1
`Inquiry scan substate ..................................................164
`8.4.2
`Inquiry substate...........................................................165
`8.4.3
`Inquiry response substate ...........................................166
`8.5 Connection State .....................................................................167
`8.6
`Active Mode .............................................................................168
`8.6.1 Polling in the active mode ..........................................169
`8.6.2 SCO ...........................................................................169
`8.6.3
`eSCO .........................................................................171
`8.6.4 Broadcast scheme .....................................................173
`8.6.5 Role switch..................................................................175
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`8.7
`
`8.8
`8.9
`
`8.6.6 Scatternet....................................................................177
`8.6.7 Hop sequence switching .............................................178
`8.6.8 Channel classification and channel map selection ....181
`8.6.9 Power Management ....................................................182
`sniff Mode.................................................................................183
`8.7.1 Sniff Transition Mode ..................................................184
`Hold Mode................................................................................185
`Park State.................................................................................185
`8.9.1 Beacon train ................................................................186
`8.9.2 Beacon access window...............................................189
`8.9.3 Parked slave synchronization......................................190
`8.9.4 Parking ........................................................................191
`8.9.5 Master-initiated unparking ...........................................192
`8.9.6 Slave-initiated unparking .............................................192
`8.9.7 Broadcast scan window...............................................193
`8.9.8 Polling in the park state ...............................................193
`Audio .................................................................................................195
`9.1
`LOG PCM CODEC...................................................................195
`9.2
`CVSD CODEC .........................................................................195
`9.3
`Error Handling..........................................................................198
`9.4 General Audio Requirements...................................................198
`9.4.1 Signal levels ................................................................198
`9.4.2 CVSD audio quality .....................................................198
`List of Figures...................................................................................199
`10
`List of Tables ....................................................................................203
`11
`Appendix...........................................................................................203
`12
`Appendix A: .....................................General Audio Recommendations 204
`Appendix B: ...................................................................................Timers 207
`Appendix C: ......................................................................................................
`Recommendations for AFH Operation in Park, Hold and Sniff ..............209
`
`9
`
`Part C
`LINK MANAGER PROTOCOL
`Contents ......................................................................................................213
`1
`Introduction ......................................................................................217
`2
`General Rules ...................................................................................219
`2.1 Message Transport ..................................................................219
`2.2
`Synchronization .......................................................................219
`2.3
`Packet Format..........................................................................220
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`2.4
`
`2.5
`
`3
`
`4
`
`Transactions ............................................................................221
`2.4.1
`LMP Response Timeout..............................................222
`Error Handling..........................................................................222
`2.5.1
`Transaction collision resolution ...................................223
`Procedure Rules ......................................................................223
`2.6
`2.7 General Response Messages .................................................224
`2.8
`LMP Message Constraints.......................................................224
`Device Features ...............................................................................225
`3.1 General Description .................................................................225
`3.2
`Feature Definitions...................................................................225
`3.3
`Feature Mask Definition...........................................................230
`3.4
`Link Manager Interoperability policy ........................................232
`Procedure Rules ..............................................................................233
`4.1 Connection Control ..................................................................233
`4.1.1 Connection establishment...........................................233
`4.1.2 Detach.........................................................................234
`4.1.3 Power control ..............................................................235
`4.1.4 Adaptive frequency hopping .......................................237
`4.1.5 Channel classification .................................................240
`4.1.6
`Link supervision ..........................................................242
`4.1.7 Channel quality driven data rate change (CQDDR) ....243
`4.1.8 Quality of service (QoS)..............................................244
`4.1.9 Paging scheme parameters ........................................246
`4.1.10 Control of multi-slot packets........................................247
`4.1.11 Enhanced Data Rate...................................................247
`Security....................................................................................249
`4.2.1 Authentication .............................................................249
`4.2.2 Pairing.........................................................................251
`4.2.3 Change link key ..........................................................254
`4.2.4 Change current link key type.......................................255
`4.2.5 Encryption ...................................................................257
`4.2.6 Request supported encryption key size ......................261
`Informational Requests............................................................262
`4.3.1
`Timing accuracy ..........................................................262
`4.3.2 Clock offset .................................................................263
`4.3.3
`LMP version ................................................................263
`4.3.4 Supported features .....................................................264
`4.3.5 Name request .............................................................266
`4.4 Role Switch..............................................................................267
`
`4.2
`
`4.3
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`4.7
`
`4.6
`
`4.4.1 Slot offset ....................................................................267
`4.4.2 Role switch..................................................................268
`4.5 Modes of Operation .................................................................270
`4.5.1 Hold mode...................................................................270
`4.5.2 Park state ....................................................................272
`4.5.3 Sniff mode ...................................................................278
`Logical Transports....................................................................281
`4.6.1 SCO logical transport ..................................................281
`4.6.2
`eSCO logical transport ................................................284
`Test Mode ................................................................................289
`4.7.1 Activation and deactivation of test mode.....................289
`4.7.2 Control of test mode....................................................290
`4.7.3 Summary of test mode PDUs......................................291
`Summary...........................................................................................295
`5.1
`PDU Summary ........................................................................295
`5.2
`Parameter Definitions ..............................................................303
`5.3
`Default Values..........................................................................311
`List of Figures...................................................................................313
`List of Tables ....................................................................................317
`
`5
`
`6
`7
`
`2
`
`Part D
`ERROR CODES
`Contents ......................................................................................................321
`1
`Overview of Error Codes .................................................................323
`1.1
`Usage Descriptions..................................................................323
`1.2
`HCI Command Errors...............................................................323
`1.3
`List of Error Codes ...................................................................324
`Error Code Descriptions..................................................................327
`2.1
`Unknown HCI Command (0X01)..............................................327
`2.2
`Unknown Connection Identifier (0X02) ....................................327
`2.3
`Hardware Failure (0X03)..........................................................327
`2.4
`Page Timeout (0X04) ...............................................................327
`2.5
`Authentication Failure (0X05)...................................................327
`2.6
`PIN or key Missing (0X06) .......................................................327
`2.7 Memory Capacity Exceeded (0X07) ........................................327
`2.8
`Connection Timeout (0X08) .....................................................328
`2.9
`Connection Limit Exceeded (0X09)..........................................328
`2.10 Synchronous Connection Limit to a Device Exceeded (0X0A) 328
`2.11 ACL Connection Already Exists (0X0B)...................................328
`2.12 Command Disallowed (0X0C)..................................................328
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`2.13 Connection Rejected due to Limited Resources (0X0D) .........328
`2.14 Connection Rejected due to Security Reasons (0X0E) ...........328
`2.15 Connection Rejected due to Unacceptable BD_ADDR (0X0F)329
`2.16 Connection Accept Timeout Exceeded (0X10) ........................329
`2.17 Unsupported Feature or Parameter Value (0X11) ...................329
`2.18 Invalid HCI Command Parameters (0X12) ..............................329
`2.19 Remote User Terminated Connection (0X13)..........................329
`2.20 Remote Device Terminated Connection due to Low Resources
`(0X14)330
`2.21 Remote Device Terminated Connection due to Power Off (0X15).
`330
`2.22 Connection Terminated by Local Host (0X16) .........................330
`2.23 Repeated Attempts (0X17) ......................................................330
`2.24 Pairing not Allowed (0X18) ......................................................330
`2.25 Unknown LMP PDU (0X19) .....................................................330
`2.26 Unsupported Remote Feature / Unsupported LMP Feature
`(0X1A)330
`2.27 SCO Offset Rejected (0X1B) ...................................................330
`2.28 SCO Interval Rejected (0X1C).................................................331
`2.29 SCO Air Mode Rejected (0X1D) ..............................................331
`2.30 Invalid LMP Parameters (0X1E) ..............................................331
`2.31 Unspecified Error (0X1F) .........................................................331
`2.32 Unsupported LMP Parameter Value (0X20) ............................331
`2.33 Role Change Not Allowed (0X21)............................................331
`2.34 LMP Response Timeout (0X22)...............................................331
`2.35 LMP Error Transaction Collision (0X23) ..................................332
`2.36 LMP PDU Not Allowed (0X24).................................................332
`2.37 Encryption Mode Not Acceptable (0X25).................................332
`2.38 Link Key Can Not be Changed (0X26) ....................................332
`2.39 Requested Qos Not Supported (0X27)....................................332
`2.40 Instant Passed (0X28) .............................................................332
`2.41 Pairing with Unit Key Not Supported (0X29)............................332
`2.42 Different Transaction Collision (0x2a)......................................332
`2.43 QoS Unacceptable Parameter (0X2C).....................................332
`2.44 QoS Rejected (0X2D) ..............................................................333
`2.45 Channel Classification Not Supported (0X2E).........................333
`2.46 Insufficient Security (0X2F)......................................................333
`2.47 Parameter out of Mandatory Range (0X30).............................333
`2.48 Role Switch Pending (0X32)....................................................333
`2.49 Reserved Slot Violation (0X34)................................................333
`2.50 Role Switch Failed (0X35) .......................................................333
`
`Part E
`
`12
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`2
`3
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`4
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`5
`
`HOST CONTROLLER INTERFACE FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION
`Contents ......................................................................................................337
`1
`Introduction ......................................................................................343
`1.1
`Lower Layers of the Bluetooth Software Stack ........................343
`Overview of Host Controller Transport Layer................................345
`Overview of Commands and Events ..............................................347
`3.1 Generic Eve