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`ZigBee RF4CE Specification
`Version 1.01
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`ZigBee Document 094945r00ZB
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`January, 2010
`
`Sponsored by: ZigBee Alliance
`
`Accepted by
`
`Abstract
`
`This document has been accepted for release by the ZigBee
`Alliance Board of Directors
`
`The ZigBee RF4CE specification describes the protocol
`infrastructure and services available to applications operating
`on the ZigBee RF4CE platform
`
`Keywords
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`RF4CE, Stack, Network, Application, Discovery, Pairing,
`Security
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`January, 2010
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`Copyright  1996-2010 by the ZigBee Alliance.
`
`2400 Camino Ramon, Suite 375, San Ramon, CA 94583, USA
`
`http://www.zigbee.org
`
`All rights reserved.
`
`
`
`Permission is granted to members of the ZigBee Alliance to reproduce this document for their own use or the use of other ZigBee Alliance
`members only, provided this notice is included. All other rights reserved. Duplication for sale, or for commercial or for-profit use is strictly
`prohibited without the prior written consent of the ZigBee Alliance.
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`ZigBee Document 094945r00ZB, January, 2010
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`ZigBee RF4CE Specification
`
`Notice of use and disclosure
`
`The ZigBee Specification is available to individuals, companies and institutions free of charge for all
`non-commercial purposes (including university research, technical evaluation, and development of
`non-commercial software, tools, or documentation). No part of this specification may be used in
`development of a product for sale without becoming a member of ZigBee Alliance.
`
`Copyright © ZigBee Alliance, Inc. (2008). All rights Reserved. This information within this document
`is the property of the ZigBee Alliance and its use and disclosure are restricted.
`
`Elements of ZigBee Alliance specifications may be subject to third party intellectual property rights,
`including without limitation, patent, copyright or trademark rights (such a third party may or may not
`be a member of ZigBee). ZigBee is not responsible and shall not be held responsible in any manner for
`identifying or failing to identify any or all such third party intellectual property rights.
`
`This document and the information contained herein are provided on an “AS IS” basis and ZigBee
`DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
`(A) ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT
`INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OF THIRD PARTIES (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY
`INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS INCLUDING PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR TRADEMARK
`RIGHTS) OR (B) ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
`PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE OR NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT WILL ZIGBEE BE
`LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OF PROFITS, LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF USE OF DATA,
`INTERRUPTION OF BUSINESS, OR FOR ANY OTHER DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR
`EXEMPLARY, INCIDENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND,
`IN CONTRACT OR IN TORT, IN CONNECTION WITH THIS DOCUMENT OR THE
`INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
`LOSS OR DAMAGE. All Company, brand and product names may be trademarks that are the sole
`property of their respective owners.
`
`The above notice and this paragraph must be included on all copies of this document that are made.
`
`ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
`
`2400 Camino Ramon, Suite 375
`San Ramon, CA 94583
`
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`Copyright  2010, ZigBee Standards Organization. All rights reserved.
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`Table of Contents
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`1
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`Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 1
`1.1 Definitions ....................................................................................................................................... 1
`1.2 Conformance levels ......................................................................................................................... 1
`1.3 Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................. 1
`1.4 Conventions..................................................................................................................................... 2
`1.4.1 Number formats .................................................................................................................. 2
`1.4.2
`Transmission order ............................................................................................................. 2
`1.4.3
`Timing values ..................................................................................................................... 3
`1.4.4 Message sequence charts .................................................................................................... 3
`1.4.5
`Reserved values .................................................................................................................. 3
`1.5 References ....................................................................................................................................... 3
`
`2 General description .................................................................................................................................. 4
`2.1
`Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 4
`2.2 Network topology ............................................................................................................................ 4
`2.3 Architecture ..................................................................................................................................... 5
`2.4 The ZigBee RF4CE NWK layer ..................................................................................................... 6
`2.4.1
`2.4GHz band frequencies .................................................................................................... 6
`2.4.2
`Frequency agility ................................................................................................................ 6
`2.4.3 Node initialisation ............................................................................................................... 7
`2.4.4
`Power saving ....................................................................................................................... 7
`2.4.5 NWK frames ....................................................................................................................... 7
`2.4.6
`Transmission options .......................................................................................................... 8
`2.4.7 Discovery ............................................................................................................................ 8
`2.4.8
`Pairing ................................................................................................................................. 8
`2.4.9
`Security ............................................................................................................................... 9
`2.5 The ZigBee RF4CE application layer ............................................................................................. 9
`2.6 Concept of primitives ...................................................................................................................... 9
`
`3 Network layer specification ................................................................................................................... 11
`3.1 NWK layer service specification ................................................................................................... 11
`3.1.1 NWK layer data service .................................................................................................... 11
`3.1.2 NWK layer management service ...................................................................................... 16
`3.2 NWK frame formats ...................................................................................................................... 51
`3.2.1 General NWK frame format ............................................................................................. 51
`3.2.2
`Format of individual frame types ...................................................................................... 53
`3.3 NWK command frames ................................................................................................................. 55
`3.3.1 Discovery request command frame .................................................................................. 56
`3.3.2 Discovery response command frame ................................................................................ 58
`3.3.3
`Pair request command frame ............................................................................................ 60
`3.3.4
`Pair response command frame .......................................................................................... 63
`3.3.5 Unpair request command frame ........................................................................................ 65
`3.3.6 Key seed command frame ................................................................................................. 66
`3.3.7
`Ping request command frame ........................................................................................... 67
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`Ping response command frame ......................................................................................... 68
`3.3.8
`3.4 NWK enumerations, constants and attributes ................................................................................ 69
`3.4.1 NWK enumerations........................................................................................................... 69
`3.4.2 NWK constants ................................................................................................................. 70
`3.4.3 NIB attributes .................................................................................................................... 73
`3.5 Functional description ................................................................................................................... 76
`3.5.1
`Frequency usage ................................................................................................................ 76
`3.5.2
`LQI mapping ..................................................................................................................... 77
`3.5.3 Addressing ........................................................................................................................ 77
`3.5.4 Network topology ............................................................................................................. 77
`3.5.5 Node initialization ............................................................................................................. 78
`3.5.6 Use of the MAC beacon payload ...................................................................................... 79
`3.5.7
`Power saving ..................................................................................................................... 80
`3.5.8
`Transmission, reception and acknowledgement ................................................................ 81
`3.5.9 Discovering services ......................................................................................................... 84
`3.5.10 Pairing devices .................................................................................................................. 87
`3.5.11 Security ............................................................................................................................. 90
`
`4 Revision History ..................................................................................................................................... 95
`
`5 Annex A: Frame security processing example ....................................................................................... 96
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`Figure 1 – Example RC network topology ......................................................................................................5
`Figure 2 – The ZigBee RF4CE stack architecture ...........................................................................................6
`Figure 3 – General schematic view of a NWK frame ......................................................................................7
`Figure 4 – Service primitives ......................................................................................................................... 10
`Figure 5 – Message sequence chart for the data service ................................................................................ 16
`Figure 6 – Message sequence chart for auto discovery response ................................................................... 19
`Figure 7 – Message sequence chart for discovery ......................................................................................... 28
`Figure 8 – Message sequence chart for pairing ............................................................................................. 39
`Figure 9 – Message sequence chart for manipulating the receiver ................................................................ 43
`Figure 10 – Message sequence chart for removing a pairing link ................................................................. 49
`Figure 11 – General NWK frame format ....................................................................................................... 51
`Figure 12 – Format of the frame control field ............................................................................................... 52
`Figure 13 – Data frame format ...................................................................................................................... 53
`Figure 14 – NWK command frame format .................................................................................................... 55
`Figure 15 – Format of the discovery request command frame ...................................................................... 56
`Figure 16 – Format of the vendor information fields..................................................................................... 56
`Figure 17 – Format of the application information fields .............................................................................. 56
`Figure 18 – Format of the application capabilities field ................................................................................ 57
`Figure 19 – Format of the discovery response command frame .................................................................... 59
`Figure 20 – Format of the pair request command frame ................................................................................ 61
`Figure 21 – Format of the pair response command frame ............................................................................. 63
`Figure 22 – Format of the unpair request command frame ............................................................................ 65
`Figure 23 – Format of the key seed command frame .................................................................................... 66
`Figure 24 – Format of the ping request command frame ............................................................................... 67
`Figure 25 – Format of the ping response command frame ............................................................................ 68
`Figure 26 – Format of the nwkcNodeCapabilities constant ........................................................................... 73
`Figure 27 – Example ZigBee RF4CE network topology ............................................................................... 78
`Figure 28 – Format of the MAC beacon payload .......................................................................................... 80
`Figure 29 – Power saving mechanism concepts ............................................................................................ 80
`Figure 30 – Target side link key exchange .................................................................................................... 92
`Figure 31 – Pairing originator side link key exchange .................................................................................. 93
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`46
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`Table 1 – NLDE-SAP primitives .................................................................................................................. 11
`Table 2 – NLDE-DATA.request parameters ................................................................................................. 11
`Table 3 – NLDE-DATA.indication parameters............................................................................................. 14
`Table 4 – NLDE-DATA.confirm parameters ................................................................................................ 15
`Table 5 – NLME-SAP primitives .................................................................................................................. 16
`Table 6 – NLME-AUTO-DISCOVERY.request parameters ........................................................................ 17
`Table 7 – NLME-AUTO-DISCOVERY.confirm parameters ....................................................................... 18
`Table 8 – NLME-COMM-STATUS.indication parameters .......................................................................... 20
`Table 9 – NLME-DISCOVERY.request parameters ..................................................................................... 21
`Table 10 – NLME-DISCOVERY.indication parameters .............................................................................. 23
`Table 11 – NLME-DISCOVERY.response parameters ................................................................................ 25
`Table 12 – NLME-DISCOVERY.confirm parameters ................................................................................. 26
`Table 13 – Elements of the NodeDesc type .................................................................................................. 26
`Table 14 – NLME-GET.request parameters .................................................................................................. 28
`Table 15 – NLME-GET.confirm parameters ................................................................................................ 29
`Table 16 – NLME-PAIR.request parameters ................................................................................................ 30
`Table 17 – NLME-PAIR.indication parameters ............................................................................................ 33
`Table 18 – NLME-PAIR.response parameters .............................................................................................. 35
`Table 19 – NLME-PAIR.confirm parameters ............................................................................................... 37
`Table 20 – NLME-RESET.request parameters ............................................................................................. 39
`Table 21 – NLME-RESET.confirm parameters ............................................................................................ 40
`Table 22 – NLME-RX-ENABLE.request parameters ................................................................................... 41
`Table 23 – NLME-RX-ENABLE.confim parameters ................................................................................... 42
`Table 24 – NLME-SET.request parameters .................................................................................................. 44
`Table 25 – NLME-SET.confirm parameters ................................................................................................. 44
`Table 26 – NLME-START.confirm parameters ............................................................................................ 46
`Table 27 – NLME-UNPAIR.request parameters........................................................................................... 47
`Table 28 – NLME-UNPAIR.indication parameters ...................................................................................... 47
`Table 29 – NLME-UNPAIR.response parameters ........................................................................................ 48
`Table 30 – NLME-UNPAIR.confirm parameters ......................................................................................... 49
`Table 31 – NLME-UPDATE-KEY.request parameters ................................................................................ 50
`Table 32 – NLME-UPDATE-KEY.confirm parameters ............................................................................... 51
`Table 33 – Values of the frame type sub-field .............................................................................................. 52
`Table 34 – Values of the channel designator sub-field .................................................................................. 52
`Table 35 – MCPS-DATA.request parameters for a data frame ..................................................................... 54
`Table 36 – NWK command frames ............................................................................................................... 56
`Table 37 – MCPS-DATA.request parameters for a discovery request command frame ............................... 58
`Table 38 – MCPS-DATA.request parameters for a discovery response command frame ............................ 60
`Table 39 – MCPS-DATA.request parameters for a pair request command frame ........................................ 62
`Table 40 – MCPS-DATA.request parameters for a pair response command frame ...................................... 65
`Table 41 – MCPS-DATA.request parameters for an unpair request command frame .................................. 66
`Table 42 – MCPS-DATA.request parameters for an key seed command frame ........................................... 67
`Table 43 – MCPS-DATA.request parameters for a ping request command frame ....................................... 68
`Table 44 – MCPS-DATA.request parameters for a ping response command frame ..................................... 69
`Table 45 – NWK enumerations description .................................................................................................. 69
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`Table 46 – NWK layer constants ................................................................................................................... 70
`Table 47 – The value of the nwkcChannelMask constant .............................................................................. 72
`Table 48 – NIB attributes .............................................................................................................................. 73
`Table 49 – Format of a pairing table entry .................................................................................................... 76
`Table 50 – Initial MAC attribute settings ...................................................................................................... 79
`Table 51 – Creation of the originator pairing table entry .............................................................................. 88
`Table 52 – Creation of the recipient pairing table entry ................................................................................ 89
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`ZigBee Document 094945r00ZB, January, 2010
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`ZigBee RF4CE Specification
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`1
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`2
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`1
`
`Introduction
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`1.1 Definitions
`
`Controller
`
`Destination
`
`Device
`
`Node
`
`A PAN participant that has ZigBee RF4CE functionality.
`
`The device to which an IEEE 802.15.4 transmission is directed.
`
`An object that has IEEE 802.15.4 functionality.
`
`A device that has ZigBee RF4CE functionality.
`
`Originator
`
`The device from which a ZigBee RF4CE transmission is sent.
`
`Pair
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`PAN
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`A logical association between two nodes.
`
`A personal area network as defined in IEEE 802.15.4.
`
`PAN coordinator
`
`A device that can create its own PAN.
`
`PAN participant
`
`A device that can join a PAN.
`
`RC network
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`Multiple, interoperating, RC PANs.
`
`RC PAN
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`Recipient
`
`Source
`
`Target
`
`
`
`A PAN consisting exclusively of ZigBee RF4CE nodes.
`
`The device to which a ZigBee RF4CE transmission is directed.
`
`The device from which an IEEE 802.15.4 transmission is sent.
`
`A PAN coordinator that has ZigBee RF4CE functionality.
`
`1.2 Conform anc e le vels
`
`The following words, used throughout this document, have specific meanings:
`
`May
`
`Shall
`
`A key word indicating a course of action permissible within the limits of the standard (may
`equals is permitted).
`
`A key word indicating mandatory requirements to be strictly followed in order to conform
`to the standard; deviations from shall are prohibited (shall equals is required to).
`
`Should
`
`A key word indicating that, among several possibilities, one is
`
`recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others; that a
`certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required; or, that (in the negative
`form) a certain course of action is deprecated but not prohibited (should equals is
`recommended that).
`
`
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`1.3 Ab br e viation s
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`APDU
`
`Application protocol data unit
`
`AV
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`CE
`
`Audio visual
`
`Consumer electronics
`
`CEC
`
`Consumer electronics control
`
`ED
`
`EUI
`
`Energy detection
`
`Extended unique identifier
`
`DFA
`
`Dynamic frequency agility
`
`DLNA
`
`Digital living network alliance
`
`FFD
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`Full function device
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`3
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`4
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`HDMI
`
`High definition multimedia interface
`
`ID
`
`Identifier
`
`IEEE
`
`Institute of electrical and electronic engineers
`
`IR
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`LQI
`
`Infrared
`
`Link quality indication
`
`MAC
`
`Medium access control
`
`MCPS
`
`Medium access control common part sub-layer
`
`MFRC
`
`Multi-function remote control
`
`NFR
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`NHR
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`NIB
`
`Network layer frame footer
`
`Network layer frame header
`
`Network information base
`
`NLDE
`
`Network layer data entity
`
`NLME
`
`Network layer management entity
`
`NPDU
`
`Network protocol data unit
`
`NSDU
`
`Network service data unit
`
`NWK
`
`Network
`
`ORG
`
`Originator
`
`OSI
`
`PAN
`
`PHY
`
`POS
`
`RC
`
`REC
`
`RF
`
`Open systems interconnection
`
`Personal area network
`
`Physical
`
`Personal operating space
`
`Remote control
`
`Recipient
`
`Radio frequency
`
`RF4CE
`
`Radio frequency for consumer electronics
`
`SAP
`
`Service access point
`
`WPAN Wireless personal area network
`
`
`
`1.4 Con ventio ns
`
`1 . 4 . 1 N u m b e r f o r m a t s
`
`In this specification hexadecimal numbers are prefixed with the designation “0x” and binary numbers
`are prefixed with the designation “0b”. All other numbers are assumed to be decimal.
`
`1 . 4 . 2 T ra n s m i s s i o n o r d e r
`
`The frames in this specification are described as a sequence of fields in a specific order. All frame
`formats are depicted in the order in which they are transmitted by the PHY, from left to right, where the
`leftmost bit is transmitted first in time. Bits within each field are numbered from 0 (leftmost and least
`significant) to k-1 (rightmost and most significant), where the length of the field is k bits. Fields that
`are longer than a single octet are sent to the MAC in the order from the octet containing the lowest
`numbered bits to the octet containing the highest numbered bits.
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`1 . 4 . 3 T i m i n g v a l u e s
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`All timing values within this specification are specified in terms of MAC symbols. One MAC symbol
`is equal to 16µs. Where appropriate, absolute time values are presented in both MAC symbols and
`actual time in parenthesis.
`
`1 . 4 . 4 M e s s a g e s e q u e n c e c h a rt s
`
`During this specification, message sequence charts are used to illustrate the flow of various operations.
`Instances are labeled with the layer (APL for the application or NWK for the network) followed by the
`node type (ORG for the originator or REC for the recipient). Primitives are shown in normal style but,
`for simplicity, without the entity prefix (i.e. NLDE or NLME), e.g. “NLME-PAIR.response” becomes
`“PAIR.response”. Over the air command frames are labeled in italic text.
`
`1 . 4 . 5 R e s e rv e d v a l u e s
`
`Unless otherwise specified, all reserved fields appearing in a frame structure (c.f. Figure 18) shall be
`set to zero on transmission and ignored upon reception. Reserved values appearing in multi-value
`fields (c.f. Table 33) shall not be used.
`
`1.5 Refere nce s
`[R1] The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., IEEE Std. 802.15.4-2006, IEEE
`Standard for Information Technology. Telecommunications and Information Exchange between
`Systems. Local and Metropolitan Area Networks. Specific Requirements. Part 15.4: Wireless
`Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for Low Rate
`Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs). New York: IEEE Press. 2006.
`[R2] ZigBee RF4CE: Vendor ID List, ZigBee Alliance document 094949.
`[R3] ZigBee RF4CE: Device Type List, ZigBee Alliance document 094950.
`[R4] ZigBee RF4CE: Profile ID List, ZigBee Alliance document 094951.
`
`
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`
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`Copyright  2010, ZigBee Standards Organization. All rights reserved.
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`ZigBee RF4CE Specification
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`
`
`ZigBee Document 094945r00ZB, January, 2010
`
`2 General description
`
`2.1
`
`Introductio n
`
`The ZigBee RF4CE standard defines an RC network that provides a simple, robust and low-cost
`communication network that allows wireless connectivity in applications in the CE domain. The
`ZigBee RF4CE standard enhances the IEEE 802.15.4 standard by providing a simple networking layer
`and standard application profiles that can be used to create a multi-vendor interoperable solution for
`use within the home.
`
`Some of the characteristics of an RC network are as follows:
`
` Operation in the 2.4GHz frequency band according to IEEE