`©IEEE
`(cid:1)(cid:6)(cid:20)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:5)(cid:12)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:22)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:21)(cid:22)
`Advancing Technology
`(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:22)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:11)(cid:18)(cid:21)(cid:22)
`for Humanity
`
`(cid:4)(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:7)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:15)(cid:5)(cid:17)(cid:14)(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:12)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:15)(cid:17)
`DECLARATION OF GERARD P. GRENIER
`
`I, Gerard P. Grenier, am over twenty-one (21) years of age.
`I have never been convicted
`(cid:35)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:33)(cid:55)(cid:81)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:40)(cid:12)(cid:94)(cid:33)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:67)(cid:55)(cid:81)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:72)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:90)(cid:55)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:91)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:84)(cid:93)(cid:8)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:5)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:6)(cid:94)(cid:93)(cid:55)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:64)(cid:55)(cid:12)(cid:94) (cid:35)(cid:94)(cid:65)(cid:48)(cid:90)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:75)(cid:55)(cid:90)(cid:55)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:52)(cid:55)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:90)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:94)
`of a felony, and I am fully competent to make this declaration.
`I declare the following to be true
`(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:94)(cid:59)(cid:70)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:93)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:72)(cid:94)(cid:63)(cid:70)(cid:70)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:72)(cid:80)(cid:55)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:77)(cid:94)(cid:72)(cid:48)(cid:69)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:54)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:70)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:13)(cid:94) (cid:35)(cid:94)(cid:54)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:71)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:61)(cid:70)(cid:70)(cid:77)(cid:91)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:64)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:77)(cid:94)(cid:52)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:81)(cid:89)(cid:55)(cid:94)
`to the best of my knowledge, information and belief:
`(cid:84)(cid:77)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:52)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:72)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:69)(cid:75)(cid:77)(cid:91)(cid:70)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:64)(cid:55)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:61)(cid:81)(cid:72)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:52)(cid:55)(cid:70)(cid:67)(cid:55)(cid:56)(cid:26)(cid:94)
`
`I.
`I am Senior Director of Publishing Technologies of The Institute of Electrical and
`(cid:17)(cid:13) (cid:35)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:72)(cid:94)(cid:42)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:30)(cid:67)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:84)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:40)(cid:89)(cid:52)(cid:70)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:65)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:64)(cid:94)(cid:43)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:65)(cid:75)(cid:77)(cid:70)(cid:77)(cid:64)(cid:67)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:43)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:75)(cid:83)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:89)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:31)(cid:70)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:84)(cid:81)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:48)(cid:70)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)
`Electronics Engineers, Incorporated (“IEEE”).
`(cid:31)(cid:71)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:84)(cid:81)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:31)(cid:75)(cid:64)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:55)(cid:55)(cid:81)(cid:83)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:75)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:80)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:5)(cid:1)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:13)
`
`2.
`IEEE is a neutral third party in IPR2019-00048.
`(cid:18)(cid:12) (cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:94)(cid:75)(cid:55)(cid:89)(cid:84)(cid:81)(cid:48)(cid:70)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:67)(cid:81)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:84)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:40)(cid:41)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:25)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:13)
`
`3. Neither I nor IEEE itself is being compensated for this declaration.
`(cid:19)(cid:15) (cid:38)(cid:55)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:94)(cid:75)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:83)(cid:55)(cid:70)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:52)(cid:55)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:64)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:72)(cid:80)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:83)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:61)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:54)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:71)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:50)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:14)
`
`4. Among my responsibilities as Senior Director of Publishing Technologies, I act as a
`(cid:20)(cid:13) (cid:28)(cid:72)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:64)(cid:94)(cid:72)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:80)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:83)(cid:67)(cid:52)(cid:67)(cid:70)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:42)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:30)(cid:67)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:84)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:40)(cid:89)(cid:52)(cid:70)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:65)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:64)(cid:94)(cid:43)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:65)(cid:75)(cid:77)(cid:70)(cid:77)(cid:64)(cid:67)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:53)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:48)
`custodian of certain records for IEEE.
`(cid:53)(cid:89)(cid:83)(cid:84)(cid:77)(cid:54)(cid:67)(cid:51)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:55)(cid:81)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:54)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:61)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:13)
`
`5.
`I make this declaration based on my personal knowledge and information contained
`(cid:21)(cid:12) (cid:35)(cid:94)(cid:72)(cid:48)(cid:69)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:54)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:70)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:52)(cid:48)(cid:83)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:72)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:55)(cid:81)(cid:83)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:48)(cid:70)(cid:94)(cid:69)(cid:75)(cid:77)(cid:91)(cid:71)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:64)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:58)(cid:79)(cid:81)(cid:73)(cid:49)(cid:85)(cid:68)(cid:78)(cid:76)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:76)(cid:85)(cid:49)(cid:68)(cid:76)(cid:55)(cid:54)
`in the business records of IEEE.
`(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:52)(cid:89)(cid:83)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:54)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:13)
`
`6. As part of its ordinary course of business, IEEE publishes and makes available
`(cid:22)(cid:12) (cid:28)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:54)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:89)(cid:81)(cid:83)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:52)(cid:89)(cid:83)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:83)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:89)(cid:52)(cid:71)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:72)(cid:48)(cid:69)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:90)(cid:48)(cid:67)(cid:70)(cid:48)(cid:52)(cid:71)(cid:55)
`technical articles, proceedings and standards. These publications are made available
`(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:66)(cid:75)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:48)(cid:70)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:71)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:81)(cid:77)(cid:53)(cid:55)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:64)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:83)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:54)(cid:83)(cid:12)(cid:94) (cid:43)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:89)(cid:52)(cid:71)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:72)(cid:48)(cid:54)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:90)(cid:48)(cid:67)(cid:70)(cid:48)(cid:52)(cid:71)(cid:55)
`for public download through the IEEE digital library, IEEE Xplore.
`(cid:61)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:89)(cid:52)(cid:71)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:94)(cid:54)(cid:77)(cid:91)(cid:75)(cid:70)(cid:77)(cid:48)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:81)(cid:77)(cid:89)(cid:64)(cid:65)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:94)(cid:54)(cid:67)(cid:64)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:70)(cid:94)(cid:71)(cid:67)(cid:52)(cid:81)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:93)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:94)(cid:46)(cid:80)(cid:70)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:15)
`
`7.
`It is the regular practice of IEEE to publish articles and other writings including
`(cid:23)(cid:12) (cid:35)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:64)(cid:89)(cid:71)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:81)(cid:48)(cid:53)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:77)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:89)(cid:52)(cid:70)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:65)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:70)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:91)(cid:81)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:64)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:53)(cid:70)(cid:89)(cid:54)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:64)
`article abstracts and make them available to the public through IEEE Xplore. IEEE
`(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:86)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:71)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:52)(cid:83)(cid:84)(cid:81)(cid:48)(cid:53)(cid:84)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:72)(cid:48)(cid:69)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:72)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:90)(cid:48)(cid:67)(cid:71)(cid:48)(cid:52)(cid:70)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:77)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:89)(cid:52)(cid:70)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:81)(cid:77)(cid:89)(cid:64)(cid:65)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:94)(cid:46)(cid:80)(cid:70)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:13)(cid:94) (cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)
`maintains copies of publications in the ordinary course of its regularly conducted
`(cid:72)(cid:48)(cid:68)(cid:75)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:80)(cid:67)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:89)(cid:52)(cid:70)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:54)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:89)(cid:81)(cid:83)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:64)(cid:89)(cid:70)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:70)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:89)(cid:53)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:54)
`activities.
`(cid:48)(cid:53)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:90)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:12)
`
`8. The article below has been attached as Attachment A to this declaration:
`(cid:24)(cid:15) (cid:44)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:86)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:70)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:52)(cid:55)(cid:70)(cid:77)(cid:91)(cid:94)(cid:65)(cid:48)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:52)(cid:55)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:53)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:28)(cid:84)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:53)(cid:66)(cid:74)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:28)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:77)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:54)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:71)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:27)
`
`Systems, May 30 — June 2, 2010.
`
`A. Youssef, J. Haslett and E. Youssoufian, "Digitally-controlled RF
`(cid:28)(cid:13)(cid:94) (cid:28)(cid:13)(cid:94)(cid:47)(cid:77)(cid:89)(cid:83)(cid:83)(cid:55)(cid:57)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:36)(cid:13)(cid:94)(cid:34)(cid:48)(cid:83)(cid:70)(cid:55)(cid:84)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:31)(cid:12)(cid:94)(cid:47)(cid:77)(cid:89)(cid:83)(cid:83)(cid:77)(cid:89)(cid:60)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:3)(cid:30)(cid:67)(cid:64)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:71)(cid:70)(cid:93)(cid:10)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:84)(cid:81)(cid:77)(cid:71)(cid:71)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:41)(cid:32)(cid:94)
`passive attenuator in 65 nm CMOS for mobile TV tuner ICs,"
`(cid:80)(cid:48)(cid:83)(cid:83)(cid:67)(cid:90)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:89)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:68)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:22)(cid:21)(cid:94)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:94)(cid:29)(cid:37)(cid:39)(cid:42)(cid:94)(cid:61)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:72)(cid:77)(cid:52)(cid:67)(cid:70)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:43)(cid:45)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:89)(cid:75)(cid:55)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:29)(cid:83)(cid:7)(cid:3)(cid:94)
`Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and
`(cid:40)(cid:81)(cid:77)(cid:53)(cid:55)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:64)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:75)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:82)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:48)(cid:70)(cid:94)(cid:42)(cid:93)(cid:72)(cid:80)(cid:77)(cid:83)(cid:67)(cid:89)(cid:72)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:29)(cid:67)(cid:81)(cid:53)(cid:89)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:94)
`(cid:42)(cid:93)(cid:83)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:72)(cid:83)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:37)(cid:48)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:94)(cid:11) (cid:36)(cid:89)(cid:75)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:18)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:94)
`
`9.
`I obtained a copy of Attachment A through IEEE Xplore, where it is maintained in
`(cid:25)(cid:15) (cid:35)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:52)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:80)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:28)(cid:84)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:53)(cid:65)(cid:72)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:28)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:66)(cid:81)(cid:77)(cid:89)(cid:64)(cid:65)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:94)(cid:46)(cid:80)(cid:70)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:91)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:72)(cid:48)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:75)
`the ordinary course of IEEE’s business. Attachment A is a true and correct copy of
`(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:54)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:89)(cid:81)(cid:83)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:4)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:52)(cid:89)(cid:83)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:83)(cid:12)(cid:94) (cid:28)(cid:84)(cid:88)(cid:48)(cid:53)(cid:65)(cid:72)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:28)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:81)(cid:89)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:53)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:53)(cid:77)(cid:80)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)
`the Attachment, as it existed on or about May 3, 2018.
`(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:28)(cid:84)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:53)(cid:65)(cid:72)(cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:84)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:55)(cid:92)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:52)(cid:77)(cid:89)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:37)(cid:48)(cid:93)(cid:94)(cid:19)(cid:7)(cid:94)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:24)(cid:13)
`
`10. The article and abstract from IEEE Xplore shows the date of publication. IEEE
`(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:12) (cid:43)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:81)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:70)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:75)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:52)(cid:83)(cid:84)(cid:81)(cid:48)(cid:53)(cid:84)(cid:94)(cid:62)(cid:77)(cid:72)(cid:94)(cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:94)(cid:46)(cid:80)(cid:71)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:83)(cid:65)(cid:77)(cid:91)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:54)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:77)(cid:56)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:89)(cid:52)(cid:70)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:15)(cid:94) (cid:35)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:31)
`Xplore populates this information using the metadata associated with the publication.
`(cid:46)(cid:80)(cid:71)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:77)(cid:80)(cid:89)(cid:70)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:67)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:61)(cid:81)(cid:72)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:94)(cid:89)(cid:83)(cid:67)(cid:75)(cid:64)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:72)(cid:55)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:54)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:48)(cid:94)(cid:48)(cid:83)(cid:83)(cid:77)(cid:53)(cid:67)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:55)(cid:54)(cid:94)(cid:91)(cid:67)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:94)(cid:84)(cid:65)(cid:55)(cid:94)(cid:80)(cid:89)(cid:52)(cid:70)(cid:67)(cid:53)(cid:48)(cid:84)(cid:67)(cid:77)(cid:75)(cid:15)
`
`—_/
`(cid:35)(cid:38)(cid:43)(cid:31)(cid:44)(cid:94)(cid:17)(cid:17)(cid:19)(cid:16)
`INTEL 1 130
`
`(cid:94)
`
`445 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ 08854
`(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:22) (cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:22)(cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:22) (cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:20)(cid:12)(cid:21)(cid:1)(cid:22) (cid:10)(cid:8)(cid:22) (cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:5)(cid:3)(cid:22)
`(cid:76)
`1
`
`
`
`11. A. Youssef, J. Haslett and E. Youssoufian, "Digitally-controlled RF passive
`attenuator in 65 nm CMOS for mobile TV tuner ICs," was published in Proceedings
`of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings of
`2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems was held from May 30
`— June 2, 2010. Copies of the conference proceedings were made available no later
`than the last day of the conference. The article is currently available for public
`download from the IEEE digital library, IEEE Xplore.
`
`12. I hereby declare that all statements made herein of my own knowledge are true and
`that all statements made on information and belief are believed to be true, and further
`that these statements were made with the knowledge that willful false statements and
`the like are punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both, under 18 U.S.C. § 1001.
`
`I declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing statements are: true and
`
`rrect
`
`__ 4‘fr/W/——/
`
`Executed on:
`
`7 ,
`
`fig
`
`-' (V
`
`(cid:76)(cid:76)
`ii
`
`
`
`(cid:4)(cid:100)(cid:100)(cid:4)(cid:18)(cid:44)(cid:68)(cid:28)(cid:69)(cid:100)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:3)
`
`ATTACHMENT A
`
`(cid:349)(cid:349)(cid:349)
`
`
`
`5/23/2018
`IEEE.org
`
`|
`
`
`|
`
`Digitally-controlled RF passive attenuator in 65 nm CMOS for mobile TV tuner ICs - IEEE Conference Publication
`IEEE Xplore Digital Library
`
`IEEE-SA
`
`IEEE Spectrum
`
`More Sites
` Cart(0)
`
`Create Account
`
` Personal Sign In
`|
`|
`|
`|
`|
`
`|
`
`Browse
`
`My Settings
`
`Get Help
`
`Access provided by:
`IEEE Staff
`Sign Out
`
`Browse Conferences > Circuits and Systems (ISCAS),...
`
` Back to Results
`
`Digitally-controlled RF passive attenuator in 65 nm CMOS for
`mobile TV tuner ICs
`
`Related Articles
`
`Point to point GALS interconnect
`
`An adaptively-pipelined mixed synchronous-
`asynchronous digital FIR filter chip o...
`
`View All
`
`538
`Full
`Text Views
`
`3P
`
`aper
`Citations
`
`View Document
`
`3
`Author(s)
`
` Ahmed Youssef ;
`
` James Haslett ;
`
` Edward Youssoufian
`
`View All Authors
`
`Abstract
`
`Authors
`
`Figures
`
`References
`
`Citations
`
`Keywords
`
`Metrics
`
`Media
`
`Abstract:
`A novel VHF/UHF passive attenuator linearization circuit suitable for mobile TV applications has been designed and implemented in 65 nm CMOS
`technology. The proposed attenuator has a wide gain range of 48 dB that can be digitally programmed in 3 to 6 dB steps. At every gain setting, the
`input and output of the attenuator are matched to 50 Ω 2 to facilitate its integration into mobile TV tuners.
`
`Published in: Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on
`
`Date of Conference: 30 May-2 June 2010
`
` INSPEC Accession Number: 11463052
`
`Date Added to IEEE Xplore: 03 August 2010
`
`DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2010.5537117
`
` ISBN Information:
`
` ISSN Information:
`
`Publisher: IEEE
`
`Conference Location: Paris, France
`
` Contents
`
`SECTION I.
`Introduction
`
`Mobile TV is one of the latest features to be added to cell phones and other hand-held devices. The
`low cost, low power, and small size demands of this application have pushed researchers to use
`nanometer CMOS technologies in designing high performance tuner chip sets. The bulky RF filters
`(i.e., SAW filters) usually used in traditional TV-can tuners to suppress far-away interferer blockers
`are thus not an option for these integrated tuners. This results in tightening the linearity
`requirement of the RF front-end needed for mobile TV reception, and hence demands innovative
`design techniques to adhere to the low power necessities for this application [1].
`
`The RF-AGC (Automatic gain control) technique has been proposed recently in the literature as one
`of the low power solutions that can help mobile TV receivers achieve their stringent linearity
`requirements [2][3][4]. Decreasing the RF gain at large input signal levels helps the receiver pass
`larger signals without any degradation in the output SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio). Although there
`are many mechanisms to vary the RF gain in receivers, the efficacy of any given mechanism
`depends on the amount of the dynamic range that can be achieved while decreasing the RF gain.
`
` Download PDF
`
` Download Citation
`
`View References
`
`
`
` Request Permissions
`
` Export to Collabratec
`
` Alerts
`Typesetting math: 100%
`
`Full Text
`
`Authors
`
`References
`
`Citations
`
`Keywords
`
`Related Articles
`
`Back to Top
`
`https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5537117/
`
`1/7
`
`
`
`5/23/2018
`
`Digitally-controlled RF passive attenuator in 65 nm CMOS for mobile TV tuner ICs - IEEE Conference Publication
`
`This paper proposes an RF attenuator linearization circuit used to vary the RF gain of mobile TV
`receivers while maximizing their dynamic range. The paper describes a passive attenuator
`designed, implemented in 65 nm CMOS technology and characterized in the lab. Additionally, a 5
`bit linear thermometer decoder [5] integrated in the same test chip is used to program the gain of
`the attenuator. The decoder sets the gain value according to the signal level received at the
`attenuator input. Also, an on-chip programmable matching network is used to provide a stable
`input resistance to the mobile TV antenna for the entire gain range.
`
`
`
`Figure 1. RF gain control through a) a variable gain LNA or through b) RF programmable passive
`attenuator
`
`This paper is organized as follows. Section II discusses the advantages of using passive gain control
`over active gain control (i.e., Variable Gain (VG) LNA) to vary the RF gain of a mobile TV receiver.
`Section III presents the proposed RF attenuator design and demonstrates some practical issues
`dealt with in its integration with the rest of the mobile TV system. Measurement results are given in
`Section IV, and finally Section V draws the conclusions.
`
`SECTION II.
`Passive Gain Contol Versus Active
`Gain Control
`
`There are several ways to achieve gain control in RF front-ends. Fig. 1a shows a VG-LNA used to
`control the RF gain, while Fig. 1b shows a programmable passive attenuator used to control the RF
`gain. Both techniques are capable of preventing a receiver from clipping at large input signal levels
`and, in theory, either one can be used to boost the linearity of a mobile TV tuner. However, the
`difference between them becomes clear when the receiver dynamic range (DR) is taken into
`consideration. Having the attenuator control (passive control) the RF gain results in a DR value
`that is far superior to that achieved when gain is controlled by a VG - LNA (active control),
`especially at the higher attenuation (lower gain) settings.
`
`Figure 2. Simulation results show the impact of using the active gain control method versus the
`passive gain control on a receiver dynamic range
`
`Typesetting math: 100%
`
`The simulation results shown in Fig. 2 illustrate the impact of using passive versus active gain
`l
`i
`DR I
`hi
`i
`l
`i
`h DR i
`d
`b li
`i d b hi d
`d
`https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5537117/
`
`2/7
`
`
`
`5/23/2018
`
`Digitally-controlled RF passive attenuator in 65 nm CMOS for mobile TV tuner ICs - IEEE Conference Publication
`control on receiver DR. In this simulation, the DR is assumed to be limited by third order
`nonlinearity (IIP3). When passive gain control is used, the clipping level and the system IIP3
`improve by one dB for every one dB increase in the attenuation, and the dynamic range value is
`preserved. However, at certain gain settings (Y in Fig. 2), the system IIP3 will be limited by the
`attenuator IIP3 and therefore the DR will start to decrease. Passive gain control results in higher
`DR value than active control due to the fact that LNAs are generally less linear than attenuators,
`and thus DR decreases much earlier when gain is controlled by a VG-LNA (X in Fig.2). Therefore,
`using the attenuator to control the RF gain in this case maximizes the receiver dynamic range.
`
`SECTION III.
`RF Programmble Passive Attenuator
`
`The design of an RF attenuator suitable for use in mobile TV applications presents several
`challenges. Such an attenuator has to achieve certain characteristics so that it can protect the RF
`performance of a mobile TV receiver in the presence of interferer blockers as high as 0 dBm.
`Typically, it should provide from 40 dB to 50 dB gain range in steps of 3–6 dB [6]. Also, it should
`have a
` input impedance to allow maximum power to transfer from the antenna or to provide
`
`the right termination for the GSM SAW filter. Additionally, it should provide a
` output
`
`matching so that it would not affect the LNA noise figure [7]. The input and output matching
`should remain constant throughout the entire gain range of the attenuator.
`
`A. Binary Weighted Passive Attenuator
`The design of the binary weighted attenuator network is shown in Fig. 3. The value of
`!
`was chosen so that the output matching to the LNA would be verified for every attenuation setting.
`There are eight control bits (vcont7-vcont0) to program the attenuator for different gain settings.
`
`Figure 3. RF passive attenuator with the input matching network
`
`These control bits can be set in a thermometer code fashion in order to achieve 6 dB attenuation
`steps. The highest gain setting (−6 dB) is when all control bits are set HIGH and the lowest (−48
`dB) is when they are set LOW. An enable bit is included to activate the attenuator path when it is
`necessary to improve the receiver linearity. All bits control the gates of NMOS switch transistors.
`S it h i
`l
`t d t
`i
`i
`i
`th
`ff
`t t
`it
`hil
`till
`idi
`ffi i
`tl
`https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5537117/
`
`Typesetting math: 100%
`
`3/7
`
`
`
`5/23/2018
`
`Digitally-controlled RF passive attenuator in 65 nm CMOS for mobile TV tuner ICs - IEEE Conference Publication
`Switch sizes were selected to minimize the off-state capacitance while still providing a sufficiently
`small resistance in the on-state compared to the resistance being switched. Although the binary
`weighted attenuator achieves the required gain range and also achieves the output matching
`requirement, it still needs to provide the matching to the mobile TV antenna.
`
`A programmable matching network (shown in Fig. 3) was added at the input of the attenuator to
`provide the required input matching at different gain settings. This network can be programmed by
`two bits called m0 and m1 (see Table I). Adding the matching network modifies attenuation values
`of the binary weighted attenuator. However, as shown in Table I the attenuation step of 3 dB to 6
`dB can still be achieved.
`
`TABLE I. The Gain Values of The RF Attenuator Including The Input Matching
`
`Input
`Matching
`m0
`m1
`
`Decoder
`Input
`A <4:0>
`
`0
`0
`0
`0
`0
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`
`0
`0
`0
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`
`9
`8
`7
`6
`5
`4
`3
`2
`1
`0
`
`Thermometer Decoder Output
`
`enable vcont
`7
`x
`1
`0
`0
`0
`0
`0
`0
`0
`0
`
`0
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`
`vcont
`6
`x
`1
`1
`0
`0
`0
`0
`0
`0
`0
`
`vcont
`5
`x
`1
`1
`1
`0
`0
`0
`0
`0
`0
`
`vcont
`4
`x
`1
`1
`1
`1
`0
`0
`0
`0
`0
`
`vcont
`3
`x
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`0
`0
`0
`0
`
`vcont
`2
`x
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`0
`0
`0
`
`vcont
`1
`x
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`0
`0
`
`vcont
`0
`x
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`1
`0
`
`Gain
`(dB)
`OPEN
`−6
`−9
`−13
`−18
`−24
`−30
`−36
`−42
`−48
`
`B. The Attenuator Bandwidth
`Integrating the designed attenuator linearization circuit with the LNA requires some design
`modifications to avoid any undesirable interactions between the two. Connecting the attenuator to
`the LNA might create different DC paths for the LNA through the MOS switches M1, M2, and M3
`(shown in Fig. 3) which might result in severe degradation of its performance. Therefore, AC
`coupling capacitors (C1, C2, and C3) are added to the attenuator to avoid any disturbances in the
`operating points of the LNA devices. It is of note that the capacitance values of these capacitors
`would set the lower frequency limit of the attenuator, which would be the VHF frequency for the
`mobile TV applications.
`
`SECTION IV.
`Measurements Results
`
`The proposed RF attenuator was fabricated in 65 nm CMOS technology. The MOS switches were
`designed taking their “on resistance” and their parasitic capacitance into consideration. The N-well-
`based MOS cap was used to implement the attenuator AC coupling caps to save the receiver die
`area. To support the VHF band, 70 pF and 30 pF capacitances were chosen for the attenuator (C3)
`and the matching network caps (C1&C2) respectively. The RF attenuator die photo is shown in Fig.
`4. The fabricated chip consumes
` of silicon.
`(cid:2)
`
`The attenuator die was characterized in the lab. The HP 8753D network analyzer was used for S-
`parameter measurements. The output matching of the attenuator to a
` resistance was tested by
`
`measuring
`. Fig. 5 shows the measured
` for different gain code settings across the UHF band.
`"
`"
`Measured values of
` were less than −13 dB for all gain settings across the UHF band. The same
`"
`test was repeated to evaluate the attenuator input matching to a
` source resistance. Measured
`
`values of
` were less than −12 dB for all gain settings across the UHF band as shown in Fig. 6.
`"
`
`Noise analysis was conducted using the noise mode of the Agilent E4408B spectrum analyzer. Fig.
`7 shows the NF measurements of the attenuator for all gain settings across the UHF band. The loss
`of the SMA connectors and the coax cable ranging from 0.7 dB to 1.2 dB was removed from the
`measurement. The NF measurements agree with the attenuation values reported in Table I.
`
`Typesetting math: 100%
`
`https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5537117/
`
`4/7
`
`
`
`5/23/2018
`
`Digitally-controlled RF passive attenuator in 65 nm CMOS for mobile TV tuner ICs - IEEE Conference Publication
`
`Figure 4. Die photograph of the proposed RF attenuator
`
`TABLE II. Measurement results summary
`
`65 nm CMOS
`Technology
`Die area
`(cid:2)
`1.2 V
`Power supply
`Noise Figure (NF) max 48 dB
`min 5.8 dB
`100 MHz
`~ 3-6 dB
`
`
`(2:
`/,
`Gain steps
` for all gain settings
`"
` for all gain settings
`
`"
`In-band (IIP3)
`max +25.3 dBm
`min +23 dBm
`
`One of the most critical measurements for the attenuator is the third order nonlinearity (IIP3) since
`the receiver DR might be limited by this value at lower gain settings. A two-tone test was conducted
`by applying two tones that were spaced by 4 MHz. Fig. 8 illustrates a two-tone test measurement
`for one of the attenuator gain settings (−6 dB gain mode). The IIP3 is calculated to be +25 dBm.
`The same test was conducted for all gain settings of the attenuator. It was noticed that the IIP3
`values degraded by 1 dB to 2 dB at lower gain settings (shown in Fig. 9). The measurement results
`of the RF passive attenuator are summarized in Table II.
`
`SECTION V.
`Conclusion
`
`A novel RF attenuator linearization circuit has been proposed to overcome the shortcomings of
`having the VG-LNA alone control the mobile TV front-end gain. The attenuator designed in 65 nm
`CMOS technology enables a low power, highly linear, wide dynamic range front-end realization
`with low noise figure at sensiti