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`______________
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`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
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`______________
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`HEWLETT PACKARD ENTERPRISE COMPANY,
`Petitioner,
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`v.
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`CHRIMAR SYSTEMS, INC.
`Patent Owner.
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`______________
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`U.S. Patent No. 8,155,012
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`Case No.: IPR2019-00032
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`______________
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`PATENT OWNER’S PRELIMINARY RESPONSE TO PETITION
`FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW UNDER 37 C.F.R. § 42.107
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`Case No.: IPR2019-00032
`Patent No.: 8,155,012
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`Table of Contents
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: CHRMC0122IPR1
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`Table of Authorities .................................................................................................. ii
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`List of Exhibits ......................................................................................................... iii
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`I.
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`II.
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`Introduction ...................................................................................................... 1
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`The Statute, 35 U.S.C. § 315(a)(1), Bars Petitioner’s IPR Request ................ 1
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`III. Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 7
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`Certificate of Service ................................................................................................. 8
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`Certificate of Compliance Pursuant to 37 C.F.R. § 42.24 ......................................... 9
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`i
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: CHRMC0122IPR1
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`Case No.: IPR2019-00032
`Patent No.: 8,155,012
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`Table of Authorities
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`Cases
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`Bennett Regulator Guards, Inc. v. Atlanta Gas Light Co.,
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`905 F.3d 1311 (Fed. Cir. 2018) .............................................................. 1, 4, 5
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`Click-To-Call Techs., LP v. Ingenio, Inc.,
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`899 F.3d 1321 (Fed. Cir. 2018) .......................................................... 2, 3, 5, 6
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`Noven Pharms., Inc. v. Novartis AG,
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`IPR2014-00549, Paper 10 (PTAB Oct. 14, 2014) ........................................... 4
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`SAS Inst., Inc. v. Iancu,
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`138 S. Ct. 1348 (2018) ..................................................................................... 3
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`Statutes
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`35 U.S.C. § 315 ......................................................................................... 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
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`ii
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`Case No.: IPR2019-00032
`Patent No.: 8,155,012
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`List of Exhibits
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: CHRMC0122IPR1
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`Exhibit
`Description
`No.
`Petitioner’s Complaint challenging the validity of ‘012 patent claims
`2001
`2002 Order Temporarily Staying Case
`2003 Notice of Voluntary Dismissal
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`iii
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`Case No.: IPR2019-00032
`Patent No.: 8,155,012
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`I.
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`Introduction
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: CHRMC0122IPR1
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`Pursuant to 37 C.F.R. § 42.107, Patent Owner, Chrimar Systems, Inc.
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`(“Chrimar”), submits
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`the
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`following Preliminary Response
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`(“Preliminary
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`Response”) to the Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Patent No. 8,155,012
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`B2 (“the ‘012 Patent”).
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`Patent Owner respectfully asks the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (“the
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`Board”) deny the Petition on every ground alleged by the Petitioner.
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`II. The Statute, 35 U.S.C. § 315(a)(1), Bars Petitioner’s IPR Request
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`Per 35 U.S.C. § 315(a)(1): “An inter partes review may not be instituted if,
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`before the date on which the petition for such a review is filed, the petitioner or
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`real party in interest filed a civil action challenging the validity of a claim of the
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`patent.” In the present proceeding, the Petitioner filed a civil action challenging
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`the validity of a claim of the ‘012 Patent in 2014, long before the date (August 3,
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`2018) on which it filed the petition for review. (Ex. 2001, ¶¶ 7, 9, 76-81.) As a
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`matter of law, therefore, “inter partes review may not be instituted.” 35 U.S.C. §
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`315(a)(1).
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`Petitioner contends that § 315(a)(1) does not apply, despite its plain
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`language, because Petitioner “voluntarily dismissed [its DJ actions] without
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`prejudice.” (Pet. at 9.) But, as the Federal Circuit has made clear in two recent
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`cases, voluntary dismissal of a civil action does not toll a § 315 bar date. Bennett
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`1
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`Regulator Guards, Inc. v. Atlanta Gas Light Co., 905 F.3d 1311, 1314-15 (Fed.
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: CHRMC0122IPR1
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`Cir. 2018); Click-To-Call Techs., LP v. Ingenio, Inc., 899 F.3d 1321, 1329, n.3
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`(Fed. Cir. 2018) (en banc as to footnote 3).
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`In Click-To-Call, the en banc court held that § 315(b)’s time bar applies
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`even when a party voluntarily dismisses its complaint without prejudice. Click-To-
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`Call, 899 F.3d at 1329, n.3, 1335 (“[T]he appropriate question is whether the
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`voluntary, without prejudice dismissal of a civil action in which a complaint had
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`been served nullifies an administrative time bar that is triggered by service of that
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`complaint. It does not.”). Although the Federal Circuit was addressing § 315(b)—
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`which applies to complaints alleging infringement—not § 315(a)(1)—which
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`applies to declaratory judgment complaints alleging invalidity—the court’s
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`analysis applies equally to § 315(a)(1).
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`The Federal Circuit explained that, in interpreting § 315(b), one must first
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`“determine whether the language at issue has a plain and unambiguous meaning
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`with regard to the particular dispute in the case.” Id. at 1329. The court explained:
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`The statute does not contain any exceptions or exemptions for
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`complaints served in civil actions that are subsequently dismissed,
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`with or without prejudice. Nor does it contain any indication that the
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`application of § 315(b) is subject to any subsequent act or ruling.
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`Instead, the provision unambiguously precludes the Director from
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`instituting an IPR if the petition seeking institution is filed more than
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: CHRMC0122IPR1
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`one year after the petitioner, real party in interest, or privy of the
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`petitioner “is served with a complaint” alleging patent infringement.
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`Simply put, § 315(b)'s time bar is implicated once a party receives
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`notice through official delivery of a complaint in a civil action,
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`irrespective of subsequent events.
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`Id. at 1330 (emphasis added).1 The Federal Circuit’s decision applies the Supreme
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`Court’s guidance in SAS Inst., Inc. v. Iancu, namely, “[w]here a statute’s language
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`carries a plain meaning, the duty of an administrative agency is to follow its
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`commands as written, not to supplant those commands with others it may prefer.”
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`SAS Inst., Inc. v. Iancu, 138 S. Ct. 1348, 1355 (2018).
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`The relevant text of § 315(a)(1) parallels that of § 315(b). Both define a bar
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`against instituting inter partes review triggered by filing/service of a complaint. In
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`§ 315(a)(1), the bar arises the day “the petitioner . . . file[s] a civil action.” In
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`§315(b), the bar occurs one year from when “the petitioner is served with a
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`complaint.” Just as the word “served” is unambiguous, so, too, the word “filed” is
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`unambiguous: § 315(a)(1) “does not contain any exceptions or exemptions for
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`complaints [filed] in civil actions that are subsequently dismissed, with or without
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`prejudice.” Click-To-Call, 899 F.3d at 1330. On the contrary, “the provision
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`unambiguously precludes the Director from instituting an IPR if the petition
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`1 Throughout, all emphasis is added unless otherwise noted.
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`3
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`seeking institution is filed” after the triggering event—here the petitioner filing “a
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: CHRMC0122IPR1
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`civil action challenging the validity of a claim of the patent.” Click-To-Call, 899
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`F.3d at 1330; 35 U.S.C. § 315(a)(1).
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`Petitioner does not deny that its filing of the declaratory judgment complaint
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`triggered the bar of § 315(a)(1)—i.e., it does not deny that the bar would be in
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`effect had it not (more than two years later) dismissed the complaint.
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`Unquestionably, the Petitioner’s filing of the declaratory judgment complaint was
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`the filing of “a civil action” set forth in § 315(a)(1). Indeed, Fed. R. Civ. P. 3
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`makes clear: “A civil action is commenced by filing a complaint with the court.”
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`The PTAB has also confirmed that the filing of a complaint is the same as filing a
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`civil action: “When the statute [§315(a)(1)] refers to filing a civil action, it refers
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`to filing a complaint with a court to commence a civil action.” Noven Pharms.,
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`Inc. v. Novartis AG, IPR2014-00549, Paper 10, at 6-7 (PTAB Oct. 14, 2014).
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`Petitioner contends that a subsequent event—here, dismissal of Petitioner’s
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`complaint—can eliminate the bar, a contention the Federal Circuit expressly
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`rejected in Bennett Regulator: “We recently held that serving a complaint alleging
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`infringement—an act unchanged by the complaint’s subsequent success or
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`failure—unambiguously implicates § 315(b)’s time bar.” Bennett Regulator, 905
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`F.3d at 1314-15, citing Click-to-Call, 899 F.3d at 1329–32. More pointedly, the
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`Federal Circuit held, “The statute endorses no exceptions for dismissed complaints
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`. . . . .” Id. at 1315. Bennett Regulator’s holding applies equally to § 315(a)(1)
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: CHRMC0122IPR1
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`because filing a civil action “—an act unchanged by the complaint’s subsequent
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`success or failure—” unambiguously implicates § 315(a)’s time bar.
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`Arguing that its DJ actions do not bar institution, Petitioner cites Board
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`decisions issued before Click-To-Call and Bennett Regulator (Pet. at 9)—
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`decisions that no longer apply. Petitioner ignores the Federal Circuit’s criticism
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`that the Board’s tolling decisions stood the law on its head:
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`[T]he appropriate question is whether the voluntary, without prejudice
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`dismissal of a civil action in which a complaint had been served
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`nullifies an administrative time bar that is triggered by service of that
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`complaint. It does not. Yet the Board, without explanation, extended
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`the background principle of Graves and Bonneville to conclude that
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`such a dismissal ‘nullifies the effect of the service of the complaint.’ It
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`then relied on this erroneous conclusion to ‘un-ring’ § 315(b)'s time
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`bar. In effect, the Board relied on cases holding that the voluntary
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`dismissal of an action or appeal does not toll a statute of limitations to
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`conclude that the voluntary dismissal without prejudice of a civil
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`action does indefinitely toll § 315(b) and permitted an otherwise
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`untimely IPR to proceed, turning Bonneville and Graves on their head.
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`Click-to-Call, 899 F.3d at 1335 (emphasis in original). Ignoring this rebuke,
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`Petitioner nevertheless relies on and quotes Graves for the very proposition the
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`Federal Circuit rejected, namely, “[t]he dismissal of an action without prejudice
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`leaves the parties as though the action had never been brought.” (Id., emphasis
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: CHRMC0122IPR1
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`by Petitioner.)
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`Petitioner tries to distinguish Click-To-Call, arguing that it dealt with
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`§ 315(b), not 315(a). (Pet. at 9-10.) But Click-To-Call applies even more so to
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`§ 315(a)(1) because that section is more stringent—not less—than § 315(b).
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`Under § 315(a)(1), the mere filing of a complaint—and nothing more—is enough
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`to activate the bar. Unlike the time bar of § 315(b), which the patent owner
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`triggers by serving a complaint to a potentially unsuspecting defendant, the
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`challenger triggers the bar of §315(a)(1) by filing a civil action, presumably after
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`evaluating the ramifications of the statute. In Petitioner’s case, its filing of
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`complaints against Patent Owner’s patents was no accident: it filed declaratory
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`judgment complaints closely after the PTO issued patents to Patent Owner and left
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`the complaints pending for more than two years. Petitioner, fully aware of §
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`315(a)(1), chose to litigate its validity claims in district court. It suffers no
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`prejudice if the Board applies the bar because Petitioner can still pursue its validity
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`claims in the district court—Petitioner’s chosen forum.
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`III. Conclusion
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: CHRMC0122IPR1
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`For these reasons, Patent Owner respectfully requests that the Board deny
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`the Petition for inter partes review of the ‘012 Patent.
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`Dated: January 16, 2019
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`Respectfully submitted,
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`
`
` /Thomas A. Lewry/
`Frank A. Angileri (Reg. No. 36,733)
`Thomas A. Lewry (Reg. No. 30,770)
`Marc Lorelli (Reg. No. 43,759)
`Christopher C. Smith (Reg. No. 59,669)
`Brooks Kushman P.C.
`1000 Town Center, 22nd Floor
`Southfield, MI 48075
`(248) 358-4400
`
`Attorneys for Patent Owner
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`7
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`Case No.: IPR2019-00032
`Patent No.: 8,155,012
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: CHRMC0122IPR1
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`Certificate of Service
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`The undersigned hereby certifies that on January 16, 2019, a complete and
`entire copy of PATENT OWNER’S PRELIMINARY RESPONSE TO
`PETITION FOR INTER PARTES REVIEW UNDER 37 C.F.R. § 42.107, was
`served on all counsel listed below via electronic mail as follows:
`
`
`LEAD COUNSEL
`Hersh H. Mehta - Reg. No. 62,336
`MORGAN, LEWIS & BOCKIUS LLP
`77 West Wacker Drive
`Chicago, IL 60601
`T: 312.324.1000
`F: 312.324.1001
`hersh.mehta@morganlewis.com
`HPE-Chrimar-IPR@morganlewis.com
`
`BACK-UP COUNSEL
`Brent A. Hawkins - Reg. No. 44,146
`MORGAN, LEWIS & BOCKIUS LLP
`One Market, Spear Street Tower
`San Francisco, CA 94105-1596
`T: 415.442.1000
`F: 415.442.1001
`brent.hawkins@morganlewis.com
`
`Maria E. Doukas - Reg. No. 67,084
`MORGAN, LEWIS & BOCKIUS LLP
`77 West Wacker Drive
`Chicago, IL 60601
`T: 312.324.1000
`F: 312.324.1001
`maria.doukas@morganlewis.com
`
`Karon N. Fowler
`(pro hac vice application to be
`submitted)
`MORGAN, LEWIS & BOCKIUS LLP
`1400 Page Mill Road
`Palo Alto, CA 94304
`T: 650.843.4000
`F: 650.843.4001
`karon.fowler@morganlewis.com
`
`
`
`
` /Thomas A. Lewry/
`Thomas A. Lewry (Reg. No. 30,770)
`Brooks Kushman P.C.
`Attorneys for Patent Owner
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`8
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`Case No.: IPR2019-00032
`Patent No.: 8,155,012
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`Atty. Dkt. No.: CHRMC0122IPR1
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`Certificate of Compliance Pursuant to 37 C.F.R. § 42.24
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`
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`This paper complies with the type-volume limitation of 37 C.F.R. § 42.24.
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`The paper contains 1,414 words, excluding the parts of the paper exempted by
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`§42.24(a).
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`This paper also complies with the typeface requirements of 37 C.F.R.
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`§ 42.6(a)(ii) and the type style requirements of § 42.6(a)(iii)&(iv).
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`
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`Dated: January 16, 2019
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`
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`Respectfully submitted,
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`
`
` /Thomas A. Lewry/
`Frank A. Angileri (Reg. No. 36,733)
`Thomas A. Lewry (Reg. No. 30,770)
`Marc Lorelli (Reg. No. 43,759)
`Christopher C. Smith (Reg. No. 59,669)
`Brooks Kushman P.C.
`1000 Town Center, 22nd Floor
`Southfield, MI 48075
`(248) 358-4400
`
`Attorneys for Patent Owner
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`9
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