Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`Claim Language
`No.
`1[Pre] A server system
`for modifying a
`cursor image to a
`specific image
`having a desired
`shape and
`appearance
`displayed on a
`display of a
`remote user's
`terminal, said
`system
`comprising:
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`Malamud1 teaches modifying a cursor image to a specific image
`having a desired shape and appearance.
`See, e.g.:
` Malamud at Abstract:
`
`Information cursors are provided for use in an operating system
`and/or application programs. Each information cursor includes a
`pointing portion to point to objects displayed on a video display
`and an information portion to display information about an
`object to which the pointing portion points. The information
`displayed in an information cursor may include the name of the
`object, a preview of the contents of the object, or property
`information about the object.
`
` Malamud at 1:15-31:
`
`Many operating systems provide a cursor that indicates a current
`position on a video display. The cursor is generally manipulable
`by an input device, such as a keyboard or a mouse. In certain
`operating systems, such as the Microsoft WINDOWS, version
`3.1, operating system, which is sold by Microsoft Corporation
`of Redmond, Washington, a window may have a status bar that
`displays information about the object to which the cursor is
`currently pointing. As the cursor is moved to point at different
`objects, the contents of the status bar changes accordingly. The
`status bar is a separate graphic entity that is not connected to the
`cursor and does not move with the cursor. The status bar is
`positioned on the video display at a fixed location within a
`window. As such, a user has to look at two separate portions of
`the screen if he wishes to view both the cursor and the status
`
`1 U.S. Patent No. 6,437,800 (“Malamud”), entitled “Information Cursors,” filed on
`October 26, 1994 and issued on August 20, 2002. Malamud claims priority as a
`continuation to U.S. Patent Appln. No. 08/054,564 filed on April 28, 1993, which was
`abandoned.
`
`1
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`bar. This separation of the status bar from the cursor can be
`confusing and burdensome to the user.
`
` Malamud at 1:35-43:
`
`In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, a
`method is practiced in a data processing system having a video
`display and an input device. In this method, objects, including
`an information cursor, are displayed on a video display. The
`cursor is positioned over at least a portion of one of the objects
`that is displayed in response to a user using the input device.
`Information about the object which at least a portion of the
`cursor is over is displayed on the video display.
`
` Malamud at 2:6-12:
`
`In accordance with still another aspect of the present invention,
`a method is practiced wherein a pointing portion of an
`information cursor is displayed on the video display. The
`pointing portion points to an icon associated with an object.
`Information about the object that is associated with the icon to
`which the pointing portion points is displayed as part of the
`information cursor.
`
` Malamud at 2:13-28:
`
`In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, a
`data processing system includes a video display and an input
`device that is operable by a user to communicate with the data
`processing system. The data processing system includes a means
`for producing a user interface on the video display and a means
`for displaying objects on the user interface. The data processing
`system further includes a means for displaying a cursor and for
`moving the cursor in response to a user operating the input
`device. The cursor has an indicator portion and information
`display portion. The indicator portion indicates a user selected
`
`2
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`one of the objects that is displayed on the user interface. In
`addition, the data processing system includes a means for
`displaying information in the information display portion of the
`cursor regarding the object that is indicated by the indicator
`portion of the cursor.
`
` Malamud at 2:66-3:12:
`
`The present invention provides “information cursors” which
`display graphical or textual information about an object to
`which the cursor points. Each information cursor has two
`portions: a pointing portion and an information portion. The
`pointing portion points to a position on a video display. The
`information portion displays textual or graphical information
`about the object to which the pointing portion points.
`Information cursors are made available by an operating system
`to applications that are run on the operating system. Information
`cursors are available in a number of different varieties. Four
`varieties of information cursors are provided by the preferred
`embodiment. The four varieties of information cursors are name
`cursors, preview cursors, combined name and preview cursors,
`and property cursors.
` Malamud at 3:54-4:18:
`
`The target object name is not shown until the pointing portion
`28 of the-name cursor 26 is moved to point to the target object.
`A source object icon 33 for the source object is dragged along
`with the cursor during the drag portion of the operation.
`
`FIG. 3 shows an example of a preview cursor 34, which
`includes a preview portion 36 and the same pointing portion 28
`as the name cursor 26. The preview cursor 34 provides a
`preview of the contents of the object to which the cursor points.
`In the example shown in FIG. 3, the preview cursor 34 points to
`the book icon 32 displayed on the video display 20. The preview
`
`3
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`portion 36 holds graphical data depicting a preview of the
`contents of the object (i.e., the book icon 32) to which the
`pointing portion 28 points. In the example of FIG. 3, the book
`concerns chess, and the preview portion 36 shows a graphical
`scene of chess pieces flying through the air.
`
`The name cursor 26 (FIGS. 2a, 2 b and 2 c) and the preview
`cursor 34 (FIG. 3) may be combined into a combined name and
`preview cursor 38, as shown in FIG. 4. The combined name and
`preview cursor 38 includes three components. First, the preview
`cursor 38 includes a pointing portion 28 for pointing to an object
`on the video display 20, at least one name box 30 (two name
`boxes are used with a drag and drop operation, in a fashion
`analogous to that described above for the name cursor) for
`displaying the name of the object to which the pointing portion
`points and a preview portion 36 for holding a preview of the
`contents of the object to which the pointing portion points. In
`the example illustrated in FIG. 4, the name box 30 displays the
`phrase “Book Cover”, whereas the preview portion 36 displays
`the graphic of chess pieces flying through the air.
`
` Malamud at 5:46-6:17:
`
`FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing in more detail the steps that must
`be performed in order to realize step 56 of FIG. 6. After the
`window procedure has determined what is at the specified
`cursor position, the procedure passes a message to the operating
`system 22 (FIG. 1) that tells the operating system what type of
`cursor to display and sets forth the contents and type of
`information to be displayed in the cursor (step 58 in FIG. 7).
`Suppose that the application program desires to display a name
`cursor 26 (FIG. 2a). A message requesting that a name cursor be
`displayed is passed to the operating system 22 along with a text
`string for the name to be displayed in the name box 30.
`However, if the cursor to be displayed is a preview cursor 34
`(FIG. 3), a message specifying that a preview cursor is required
`
`4
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`is sent. The message includes a pointer to a bitmap of graphical
`information that the operating system 22 should use in the
`preview portion 36. Still further, a property cursor 46 may be
`requested in the message. The message, in such a case, includes
`a text string for the text of property information to be displayed
`in the property box 42.
`
`Whether the information cursor is displayed depends
`upon whether the information cursor is designated as “On” or
`“Off”. The operating system checks whether the information
`cursor is “On” (step 60). In certain instances, the user may have
`the option of specifying whether the information cursor is “On”
`or “Off”. Alternatively, the information cursors may be
`programmed by the application program or operating system 22
`(FIG. 1) such that they are automatically turned “On” when the
`conventional cursor points to a named entity. This latter option
`provides an automatic mechanism for switching “On” or “Off”
`the information cursor. If the information cursor is not “On”, a
`conventional cursor is displayed (step 64). As an example,
`consider the name cursor 26. If the name cursor 26 is “Off”, the
`name box 30 is not displayed (FIG. 2a). Instead, a conventional
`cursor is displayed. On the other hand, if the name cursor is
`“On”, the pointing portion 28 is displayed along with the
`appropriate name information (step 62) to be used in the name
`box.
` Malamud at Figs. 2b-2c:
`
`5
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`
` Malamud at Figs. 3-4:
`
`6
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`
` Malamud at Fig. 6:
`
`7
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`
` Malamud at Fig. 7:
`
`8
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`
` Malamud at Fig. 8:
`
`9
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`
`To the extent Malamud is found not to anticipate this claim
`element, Anthias2 discloses a server system for modifying a cursor
`image displayed on a display of a remote user's terminal.
`See, e.g.:
` Anthias at 1:24-33, 36-43:
`
`In known distributed data processing systems in which an
`application is operating on the client system and corresponding
`
`
`2 U.S. Patent No. 5,920,311 (“Anthias”), entitled “Distributed Client/Server Window
`Presentation System,” filed on December 6, 1993 and issued on July 6, 1999. Anthias
`claims priority to Application. No. 9226706 filed on December 22, 1992 in the United
`Kingdom.
`
`10
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`graphics data is being drawn on the server system (where the
`end user is), the client application interacts with the user by
`defining client windows into which is placed graphical data and
`from which input entered by the user is received. An example of
`such input is mouse movement events when the mouse-
`pointer/cursor is in the window. The graphics input and output
`capability is provided by the server presentation system. … The
`server provides the support in the end-user node to process
`drawing and other requests for output and to direct the generated
`input to the correct place. The server may be interfacing with a
`number of client systems as the user may be executing
`applications which reside on a number of connected client
`nodes.
`
` Anthias at 1:46-55:
`
`When the user moves the mouse (or cursor), a mouse (or cursor)
`event is generated. As the server may be used by a number of
`client nodes, it is not possible to route an (x, y) value to a client
`windowing component unless the server can identify that this
`client node owns the relevant part of the display. Clearly, the
`server needs to have some understanding of the window
`geometry. For example, it needs to know to which client system
`to send a specific mouse-generated event. Usually this would be
`the client system which owned that part of the screen where the
`pointer/cursor is.
`
` Anthias at 3:29-32:
`
`A pointer/cursor can be associated with a device area. The
`server responds to mouse movement by redrawing the
`associated pointer when the mouse x, y value falls within the
`device area.
`
` Anthias at 4:16-28:
`
`11
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`1[a]
`
`cursor image data
`corresponding to
`said specific
`image;
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`Next, the client presentation system associates a particular
`cursor type with the device area. Preferably the cursor type
`which will appear in the device area when it is displayed on the
`screen of the server node is different from the cursor type which
`will appear in other parts of the window associated with that
`device area. The cursor will change shape (or color or flashing
`frequency) as it passes from the background window areas to
`the device area. One reason for this cursor change is to indicate
`to a user that the cursor has entered an entry field of the
`window. More device areas are then created by the client
`presentation system as required.
`
` Anthias at 5:21-32:
`
`Dialogue windows are created in the client system. These
`subwindows are scanned for variations by the presentation
`system of the client system. The client presentation system then
`defines a device screen to request the server to change the cursor
`for text input fields which require a special cursor. If, after a
`check, there are no more variations from the main window, the
`data representing the device areas is sent to the server by the
`client presentation system. The remaining data representing the
`main window is retained by the client system. The subwindows
`are drawn into the main window. Any user input is then
`processed by the server presentation system.
`Malamud discloses cursor image data corresponding to the specific
`image.
`See, e.g.:
` Malamud at 1:15-31:
`
`Many operating systems provide a cursor that indicates a current
`position on a video display. The cursor is generally manipulable
`by an input device, such as a keyboard or a mouse. In certain
`operating systems, such as the Microsoft WINDOWS, version
`3.1, operating system, which is sold by Microsoft Corporation
`of Redmond, Washington, a window may have a status bar that
`
`12
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`displays information about the object to which the cursor is
`currently pointing. As the cursor is moved to point at different
`objects, the contents of the status bar changes accordingly. The
`status bar is a separate graphic entity that is not connected to the
`cursor and does not move with the cursor. The status bar is
`positioned on the video display at a fixed location within a
`window. As such, a user has to look at two separate portions of
`the screen if he wishes to view both the cursor and the status
`bar. This separation of the status bar from the cursor can be
`confusing and burdensome to the user.
`
` Malamud at 3:59-4:3:
`
`FIG. 3 shows an example of a preview cursor 34, which
`includes a preview portion 36 and the same pointing portion 28
`as the name cursor 26. The preview cursor 34 provides a
`preview of the contents of the object to which the cursor points.
`In the example shown in FIG. 3, the preview cursor 34 points to
`the book icon 32 displayed on the video display 20. The preview
`portion 36 holds graphical data depicting a preview of the
`contents of the object (i.e., the book icon 32) to which the
`pointing portion 28 points. In the example of FIG. 3, the book
`concerns chess, and the preview portion 36 shows a graphical
`scene of chess pieces flying through the air.
`
` Malamud at 4:66-5:14:
`
`When a user positions a cursor with the mouse 18 over a
`window or clicks the mouse by depressing one of the mouse
`buttons within the window, the procedure for the window
`receives a mouse message. The operating system 22 provides a
`number of predefined mouse messages. The mouse messages
`specify the status of mouse buttons and the position of the
`cursor within the window. The position of the cursor within the
`window is specified in (X, Y) coordinates relative to the upper
`left-hand cover of the window. The window procedure receives
`
`13
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`the mouse message and utilizes the information contained in the
`message to respond to the mouse activities. A new mouse
`message need not be generated for every single pixel position
`change of a mouse within a window; rather, a message may be
`generated each time the mouse moves more than a threshold
`number of pixels transversed by the mouse.
`
` Malamud at 5:16-18:
`
`The appearance of the cursors on the video display 20 (FIG. 1)
`is dictated by bitmaps stored within the operating system 22.
`
` Malamud at 5:53-65:
`
`Suppose that the application program desires to display a name
`cursor 26 (FIG. 2a). A message requesting that a name cursor be
`displayed is passed to the operating system 22 along with a text
`string for the name to be displayed in the name box 30.
`However, if the cursor to be displayed is a preview cursor 34
`(FIG. 3), a message specifying that a preview cursor is required
`is sent. The message includes a pointer to a bitmap of graphical
`information that the operating system 22 should use in the
`preview portion 36. Still further, a property cursor 46 may be
`requested in the message. The message, in such a case, includes
`a text string for the text of property information to be displayed
`in the property box 42.
`
`1[b]
`
`cursor display
`code, said cursor
`display code
`operable to
`modify said cursor
`image; and
`
`Malamud discloses cursor display code operable to modify said
`cursor image.
`See, e.g.:
` Malamud at 1:15-31:
`
`Many operating systems provide a cursor that indicates a current
`position on a video display. The cursor is generally manipulable
`by an input device, such as a keyboard or a mouse. In certain
`
`14
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`operating systems, such as the Microsoft WINDOWS, version
`3.1, operating system, which is sold by Microsoft Corporation
`of Redmond, Washington, a window may have a status bar that
`displays information about the object to which the cursor is
`currently pointing. As the cursor is moved to point at different
`objects, the contents of the status bar changes accordingly. The
`status bar is a separate graphic entity that is not connected to the
`cursor and does not move with the cursor. The status bar is
`positioned on the video display at a fixed location within a
`window. As such, a user has to look at two separate portions of
`the screen if he wishes to view both the cursor and the status
`bar. This separation of the status bar from the cursor can be
`confusing and burdensome to the user.
`
` Malamud at 3:6-8:
`
`Information cursors are made available by an operating system
`to applications that are run on the operating system.
`
` Malamud at 4:66-5:14:
`
`When a user positions a cursor with the mouse 18 over a
`window or clicks the mouse by depressing one of the mouse
`buttons within the window, the procedure for the window
`receives a mouse message. The operating system 22 provides a
`number of predefined mouse messages. The mouse messages
`specify the status of mouse buttons and the position of the
`cursor within the window. The position of the cursor within the
`window is specified in (X, Y) coordinates relative to the upper
`left-hand cover of the window. The window procedure receives
`the mouse message and utilizes the information contained in the
`message to respond to the mouse activities. A new mouse
`message need not be generated for every single pixel position
`change of a mouse within a window; rather, a message may be
`generated each time the mouse moves more than a threshold
`number of pixels transversed by the mouse.
`
`15
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
` Malamud at 5:16-45:
`
`The appearance of the cursors on the video display 20 (FIG. 1)
`is dictated by bitmaps stored within the operating system 22.
`The role that the message loop serves in the implementation of
`the information cursors can be seen in the flowchart of FIG. 6,
`which illustrates the steps performed by the system 10 (FIG. 1)
`when the cursor moves into a window that is displayed on the
`video display 20. Initially, the cursor position is moved by the
`mouse 18 or other input device to point within the window (step
`48 in FIG. 6). A message is generated and sent to the application
`program that is executing, which, in turn, forwards the message
`to the window procedure associated with the window (step 50).
`The message specifies the position of the cursor in the window
`as described above. The window procedure then determines
`what is displayed at the cursor position within the window (step
`52). For instance, an object may be at the specified position or
`nothing of particular importance may be at the specified
`position. A determination is made whether the specified position
`corresponds to the position of an object with an identity (step
`54). In other words, a determination is made whether a named
`entity is present at the specified cursor position. If a named
`entity is present at the specified cursor position, the information
`regarding the object at the specified cursor position is displayed
`in the information cursor (step 56). If, however, a named entity
`is not present at the specified cursor position, either a
`conventional cursor is displayed or the information containing
`portion (e.g., name box 30, preview portion 36 or property box
`40) of the information cursor is shown in blank (step 57). The
`choice between these options is controlled by the application
`program.
`
` Malamud at 5:46-65:
`
`16
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing in more detail the steps that must
`be performed in order to realize step 56 of FIG. 6. After the
`window procedure has determined what is at the specified
`cursor position, the procedure passes a message to the operating
`system 22 (FIG. 1) that tells the operating system what type of
`cursor to display and sets forth the contents and type of
`information to be displayed in the cursor (step 58 in FIG. 7).
`Suppose that the application program desires to display a name
`cursor 26 (FIG. 2a). A message requesting that a name cursor be
`displayed is passed to the operating system 22 along with a text
`string for the name to be displayed in the name box 30.
`However, if the cursor to be displayed is a preview cursor 34
`(FIG. 3), a message specifying that a preview cursor is required
`is sent. The message includes a pointer to a bitmap of graphical
`information that the operating system 22 should use in the
`preview portion 36. Still further, a property cursor 46 may be
`requested in the message. The message, in such a case, includes
`a text string for the text of property information to be displayed
`in the property box 42.
` Malamud at Fig. 6:
`
`17
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`
` Malamud at Fig. 7:
`
`18
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`
` Malamud at Fig. 8:
`
`19
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`
`1[c][i] a first server
`computer for
`transmitting
`specified content
`information to
`said remote user
`terminal,
`
`To the extent Malamud is found not to anticipate this claim
`element, Anthias discloses a server transmitting specified content
`information to a remote terminal.
`See, e.g.:
` Malamud at 4:53-55:
`
`The operating system 22 (FIG. 1) logically divides the user
`interface into a number of windows.
`
` Malamud at 5:53-65:
`
`Suppose that the application program desires to display a name
`cursor 26 (FIG. 2a). A message requesting that a name cursor be
`
`20
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`displayed is passed to the operating system 22 along with a text
`string for the name to be displayed in the name box 30.
`However, if the cursor to be displayed is a preview cursor 34
`(FIG. 3), a message specifying that a preview cursor is required
`is sent. The message includes a pointer to a bitmap of graphical
`information that the operating system 22 should use in the
`preview portion 36. Still further, a property cursor 46 may be
`requested in the message. The message, in such a case, includes
`a text string for the text of property information to be displayed
`in the property box 42.
`
` Anthias at 3:8-25:
`
`Compared to an application window, a device area is a light-
`weight structure in that only a minimal amount of attribute data
`is required for it to be drawn on the screen. It is similar to a
`window but contains only a portion of the window information.
`Device areas are maintained in a priority ordered list, not a
`hierarchy, in the server. In comparison with the prior art, the
`server overheads in both processing time and storage
`requirements are reduced as the complete set of application
`window data is not stored at the server. The order of the device
`areas in the ordered list changes when the priority of a device
`area changes, e.g., when overlapping windows are redrawn in a
`different order by the client system so that a window which
`previously overlapped another window becomes itself
`overlapped. Preferably, device areas are not used for drawing
`into by applications running on the client system. The separation
`of input-related and output-related window geometry allows
`many optimizations to take place. The server only needs the
`device areas once the data is drawn to the display.
`
` Anthias at 4:1-28:
`
`The steps taken in the creation of a device area in a distributed
`data processing system are shown in Table 2. First of all, the
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`21
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`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`
`1[c][ii] said specified
`content
`information
`including at least
`one cursor display
`instruction
`indicating a
`location of said
`cursor image data,
`said cursor display
`instruction and
`said cursor display
`code operable to
`cause said user
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
`main window, such as 30a of FIG. 2, is created in the client
`system. At this stage, the data required to draw the main
`window on the screen of the server is stored in the client system.
`This data includes such attributes as window size, position,
`color, fonts, addresses, etc. A device area is then defined in the
`client presentation system. This device area is associated with
`the frame of the main window. The information necessary to
`define a device area is much less than that required to define a
`main window. In a preferred embodiment of the present
`invention, five data fields (shown in Table 1) are necessary to
`define a device area, whereas about 200 are required to define a
`main window. Next, the client presentation system associates a
`particular cursor type with the device area. Preferably the cursor
`type which will appear in the device area when it is displayed on
`the screen of the server node is different from the cursor type
`which will appear in other parts of the window associated with
`that device area. The cursor will change shape (or color or
`flashing frequency) as it passes from the background window
`areas to the device area. One reason for this cursor change is to
`indicate to a user that the cursor has entered an entry field of the
`window. More device areas are then created by the client
`presentation system as required.
`Malamud discloses that the specified content information includes
`at least one cursor display instruction indicating a location of the
`cursor image data. Malamud also discloses that the cursor display
`instruction and the cursor display code are operable to cause the
`user terminal to display a modified cursor image on the user's
`display in the shape and appearance of the specific image.
`See, e.g.:
`
` Malamud at 3:6-8:
`
`Information cursors are made available by an operating system
`to applications that are run on the operating system.
`
`22
`
`Exhibit 1014 (Invalidity Claim
`Charts for the ’449 Patent)
`
`

`

`Invalidity Claim Chart
`United States Patent No. 6,118,449 in view of Malamud, Anthias, Nielsen and Baker
`
`Claim
`No.
`
`Claim Language
`terminal to display
`a modified cursor
`image on said
`user's display in
`the shape and
`appearance of said
`specific image,
`
`Exemplary Prior Art Reference
` Malamud at 3:32-35:
`
`Name cursor 26 includes a pointing portion 28 (i.e., a
`conventional pointing cursor) and a name box 30. The name box
`30 displays the name of the object to which the pointing portion
`28 points.
`
` Malamud at 3:59-4:3:
`
`FIG. 3 shows an example of a preview cursor 34, which
`includes a preview portion 36 and the same pointing portion 28
`as the name cursor 26. The preview cursor 34 provides a
`preview of the contents of the object to which the cursor points.
`In the example shown in FIG. 3, the preview cursor 34 points to
`the book icon 32 displayed on the video display 20. The preview
`portion 36 holds graphical data depicting a preview of the
`contents of the object (i.e., the book icon 32) to which the
`pointing portion 28 points. In the example of FIG. 3, the book
`concerns chess, and the preview portion 36 shows a graphical
`scene of chess pieces flying through the air.
`
` Malamud at 4:53-55:
`
`The operating system 22 (FIG. 1) logically divides the
`user interface into a number of windows. In general, each
`window has