SPARCstation2FieldServiceManual
`
`Sun Microsystems, Inc.
`2500 Garcia Avenue
`Mountain View, CA 94043
`U.S.A.
`
`Part No: 800-5166-10
`Revision A of February 1991
`
`IPR2018-01600
`
`EXHIBIT
`2074
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 1
`
`

`

`(cid:211) 1991 by Sun Microsystems, Inc.—Printed in USA.
`2550 Garcia Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043-1100
`
`All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by copyright may be reproduced in any
`form or by any means—graphic, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
`recording, taping, or storage in an information retrieval system— without prior written
`permission of the copyright owner.
`
`The OPEN LOOK and the Sun Graphical User Interfaces were developed by Sun
`Microsystems, Inc. for its users and licensees. Sun acknowledges the pioneering efforts of
`Xerox in researching and developing the concept of visual or graphical user interfaces for
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`
`RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the government is
`subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data
`and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 (October 1988) and FAR 52.227-19
`(June 1987).
`
`The product described in this manual may be protected by one or more U.S. patents,
`foreign patents, and/or pending applications.
`
`TRADEMARKS
`
`The Sun logo, Sun Microsystems, Sun Workstation, NeWS, and SunLink are registered
`trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries.
`
`Sun, Sun-2, Sun-3, Sun-4, Sun386i, SunCD, SunInstall, SunOS, SunView, NFS, and
`OpenWindows are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc.
`
`UNIX and OPEN LOOK are registered trademarks of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
`
`PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Adobe also owns
`copyrights related to the PostScript language and the PostScript interpreter. The
`trademark PostScript is used herein only to refer to material supplied by Adobe or to
`programs written in the PostScript language as defined by Adobe.
`
`X Window System is a product of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
`
`SPARC is a registered trademark of SPARC International, Inc. Products bearing the
`SPARC trademark are based on an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.
`SPARCstation is a trademark of SPARC International, Inc., licensed exclusively to Sun
`Microsystems, Inc.
`
`All other products or services mentioned in this document are identified by the
`trademarks, service marks, or product names as designated by the companies who market
`those products. Inquiries concerning such trademarks should be made directly to those
`companies.
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 2
`
`

`

`Contents
`
`About This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`xiii
`
`1. System Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Major Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`CPU Core . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`SBus Slots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Memory Management Unit+. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`S4 DMA+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Dynamic RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Input/Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Eight Bit Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Single Inline Memory Modules (SIMMs). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`SBus Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Mass Storage Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`1
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`8
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`8
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`9
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`10
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`10
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`11
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`11
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`11
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`12
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`14
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`14
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`15
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`16
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`

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`Monitors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`2. Diagnostics Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`How It Fits Together. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`When to Use Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Boot PROM Diagnostics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Power-On Self-Test (POST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`On-Board Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Sundiag System Exerciser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`SunDiagnostic Executive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Monitor and Forth Toolkit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`3. Preparing to Work on the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Halting the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Tools Needed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Disconnecting Desktop Storage Packs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Disconnecting External Storage Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Removing the System Unit’s Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Attaching a Wrist Strap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`4. FRU Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Removing and Replacing FRUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`FRU Identification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Single Inline Memory Modules (SIMMs) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Determining Faulty SIMM Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`SBus Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`17
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`19
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`21
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`22
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`24
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`24
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`29
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`30
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`31
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`31
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`33
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`33
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`36
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`36
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`36
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`37
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`39
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`41
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`42
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`42
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`42
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`46
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`46
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`54
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`SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
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`EX. 2088, p. 4
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`

`

`Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Hard Disk Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Diskette Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Fan Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Serial Port Jumpers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Main Logic Board Voltage Test Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Before Replacing the Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Removing the Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Preparing Main Logic Board for Replacement . . . . . . . . .
`
`Replacing the Main Logic Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Boot PROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`NVRAM/TOD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Speaker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Replacing the System Unit’s Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Connecting the Desktop Storage Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Connecting the External Storage Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Video Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Mouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`How to Turn the Power Back On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`58
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`60
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`68
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`72
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`75
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`76
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`79
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`83
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`88
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`89
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`90
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`93
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`94
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`95
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`98
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`99
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`99
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`100
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`100
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`100
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`100
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`A. System Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
`
`Regulatory Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Input Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`103
`
`104
`
`v
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`Contents
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`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 5
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`

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`Environmental Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`104
`
`105
`
`B. Illustrated Parts Breakdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
`
`Parts Breakdown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`107
`
`C. FRU List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
`
`FRU List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`D. Open Boot PROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Open Boot PROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`113
`
`115
`
`115
`
`Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
`
`Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125
`
`vi
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`SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
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`

`

`Figures
`
`Figure 1-1
`
`SPARCstation 2 Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 1-2
`
`Top View of the System With the Cover Removed . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 1-3
`
`The Workstation’s Main Logic Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 1-4
`
`Block Level Diagram of the Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 2-1
`
`Default Boot Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 2-2
`
`Arrangement of Keyboard LEDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 2-3
`
` Keyboard LED Diagnostic Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 2-4
`
`Location of SIMM Slots in System Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 2-5
`
`SIMM Slot Locations on Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 2-6
`
`Halting the System and Displaying On-Board Diagnostics . .
`
`Figure 3-1
`
`System Unit Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 3-2
`
`The System Unit’s Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-1
`
`Top View of the System With the Cover Removed . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-2
`
`Boards and Modules (continued on next page) . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-2
`
`Boards and Modules (continued) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-3
`
`SIMM Extraction Tool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`2
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`3
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`4
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`7
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`20
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`25
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`26
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`27
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`28
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`30
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`38
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`38
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`Figure 4-4
`
`Inserting the SIMM Extraction Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-5
`
`Final Manual Removal of a SIMM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-6
`
`Location of SIMM Slots in System Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-7
`
`SIMM Slot Location on Main Logic Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-8
`
`4 Megabyte SIMM: Horizontally-mounted Chips . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-9
`
`Removing and Replacing the Power Supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-10 Hard Disk Drive with 6 Jumpers—Jumper Setting for Drive 1
`
`Figure 4-11 Hard Disk Drive with 5 Jumpers—Jumper Setting for Drive 1
`
`Figure 4-12 Hard Disk Drive with 6 Jumpers—Jumper Setting for Drive 2
`
`Figure 4-13 Hard Disk Drive with 5 Jumpers—Jumper Setting for Drive 2
`
`Figure 4-14
`
`Removing and Replacing the Hard Disk Drive. . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-15 Connecting Power and Data Cables to the Hard Disk Drive .
`
`Figure 4-16
`
`Removing and Replacing the Diskette Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-17 Connecting Power and Data Cables to the Diskette Drive . . .
`
`Figure 4-18
`
`Removing and Replacing the Fan Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-19 Connecting "Y" Power Cable to Fan Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-20
`
`Top View of System Unit’s Internal Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-21
`
`Serial Port Jumpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-22
`
`Preset RS-423 Jumper Positions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-23
`
`RS-232 Jumper Positions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-24
`
`Pin Location of Power Supply Connector (J0701). . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-25 Main Logic Board Layout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-26
`
`Removing and Replacing the Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure 4-27
`
`Replacing the System Unit’s Cover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`49
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`50
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`51
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`52
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`53
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`60
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`64
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`64
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`65
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`65
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`67
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`68
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`70
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`72
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`74
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`75
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`77
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`78
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`78
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`79
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`80
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`81
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`92
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`99
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`Figure B-1 System Interconnection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`108
`
`viii
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`SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
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`Figure B-2 Exploded View of the System Unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Figure B-3 Exploded View of the System Unit Showing Drive Bracket. . . .
`
`Figure B-4 Exploded View of the Main Logic Board in the System Unit. . .
`
`109
`
`110
`
`111
`
`Figures
`
`ix
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`

`

`Tables
`
`Table 1-1
`
`Main Logic Board Parts Layout: Legend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Table 1-2
`
`List of Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Table 1-3
`
`Video Monitor Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Table 2-1
`
`Summary of Available Diagnostic Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Table 2-2
`
`Table of Memory Banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Table 4-1
`
`Table of Memory Banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Table 4-2
`
`Table of Hard Disk ID Jumper Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Table 4-3
`
`Main Logic Board Parts layout: Legend. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Table 4-4
`
`List of Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`5
`
`6
`
`17
`
`23
`
`28
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`52
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`62
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`82
`
`83
`
`Table A-1 Regulatory Compliance Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`103
`
`Table A-2
`
`Input Power Requirements and Power Dissipation for the
`System Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Table A-3 Table of Environmental Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Table A-4 Table of Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Table B-1
`
`System Components and Their Part Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Table C-1
`
`FRU List (continued on next page). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`104
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`104
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`105
`
`108
`
`113
`
`xi
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`xii
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`

`

`AboutThisBook
`
`The SPARCstation(cid:212)
`2 Field Service Manual describes how to diagnose system
`problems by running diagnostic programs and removing and replacing field
`replaceable units (FRUs). Appendix C lists the FRU part numbers.
`
`Who Should Read This Book
`This book is written for Sun Field Service representatives, original equipment
`manufacturers (OEMs), value-added resellers (VARs), and other customers
`with self-maintenance contracts.
`
`What This Book Contains
`This book contains four chapters, four appendices and a glossary:
`• System Overview—Chapter 1
`This chapter presents a high-level description of the SPARCstation 2 system,
`followed by brief descriptions of each subsystem. Read this chapter to gain
`a general familiarity with the hardware.
`• Diagnostics Overview—Chapter 2
`This chapter describes the different types of diagnostics and how they are
`related. This chapter also briefly discusses the Forth Toolkit. Read this
`chapter to gain general knowledge about the diagnostic and Forth Toolkit
`tools available to you.
`
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`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 13
`
`

`

`• Preparing to Work on the System—Chapter 3
`This chapter explains how to halt the system, tools you will need, how to
`disconnect the Desktop Storage Pack and the External Storage Module from
`the system unit, how to remove the system unit’s top cover, and how to
`attach a wrist strap to your wrist and to the system chassis. Read this
`chapter before replacing any hardware.
`• FRU Replacement—Chapter 4
`This chapter explains how to locate, remove, and replace defective field-
`replaceable units (FRUs) or install new ones. Drawings and callouts are
`provided to illustrate the process. Read this chapter before attempting to
`replace any hardware.
`• System Specifications—Appendix A
`This appendix contains system specifications, including dimensions,
`electrical and power requirements, environmental constraints, and
`compliance with various electrical and safety regulations.
`• Illustrated Parts Breakdown—Appendix B
`This appendix contains illustrations of global views of the system.
`• FRU list—Appendix C
`This appendix contains the FRU list for SPARCstation 2.
`• OpenBoot PROM—Appendix D
`This appendix contains the Alias and Boot Paths table and the Non-Volatile
`Random Access Memory (NVRAM) parameters used during reset. These
`parameters control the system configuration.
`• Glossary
`The glossary contains definitions of technical terms, abbreviations, and
`acronyms.
`
`Before Reading This Book
`Before reading this book, you should have performed hardware installation. If
`you are connecting to a network, you should also be proficient with system
`administration and networking procedures. If you are not proficient in these
`areas, please read the following books before attempting to repair your system:
`• SPARCstation 2 Installation Guide
`• Sun System & Network Manager’s Guide
`
`xiv
`
`SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 14
`
`

`

`Typographic Conventions
`This book uses a number of typographic conventions:
`• This font is used for emphasis and for the title of a book. For example:
`The heart of the SPARCstation 2 is contained in a main chassis, or system
`unit.
`
`SPARCstation 2 Installation Guide
`• This font indicates text the system displays on the screen. This font
`also indicates characters and words you enter (as shown within text).
`Examples follow:
`Syncing file systems... done
`
`Enter passwd.
`• This font indicates what you type as illustrated in screen examples. For
`example:
`
`% sync
`
`• This font also indicates a key that you press. For example:
`Press the Delete key.
`
`When you see two key names, press and hold the first key, then type the
`second character. For example:
`
`When you see L1-A, press and hold L1, while typing A.
`• The term “enter” means to type the command indicated and press the
`Return key. For example, “enter sync” means to type the command
`indicated and press the Return key.
`
`The following books provide additional information that you may need, and
`are occasionally referenced in this manual:
`• Open Boot PROM 2.0 Toolkit User’s Guide provides a summary of the Forth
`Toolkit commands.
`
`Preface
`
`xv
`
`Related Books
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 15
`
`

`

`• Sundiag User’s Guide covers information about Sundiag, a system exerciser
`that runs under the SunOS(cid:228) Operating System. Sundiag displays real-time
`use of system resources and peripherals.
`• SPARCstation 2 Installation Guide provides step-by-step instructions on how
`to install the system’s hardware and software.
`• Installing SPARCstation 2 SIMMs provides step-by-step information on how
`to install SIMMs in the SPARCstation 2.
`• Installing SPARCstation 2 Internal Drives provides information on how to
`install internal drives in the SPARCstation 2.
`• Sun System & Network Manager’s Guide describes system and network
`management tasks for maintaining a single Sun workstation or a small
`network of Sun workstations.
`• Desktop Storage Pack Installation Guide explains how to install and daisy-
`chain external storage modules.
`• External Storage Module Installation Guide provides step-by-step information
`on how to install disk and tape drives that can be connected to a
`SPARCstation 2.
`• Sun System User’s Guide covers the basics of using the SPARCstation 2 so
`that you can get to work quickly. It will introduce you to the mouse and
`keyboard, to SunView(cid:228) windows, and to the SunOS operating system.
`• SunDiagnostic Executive User’s Guide for SPARCstations explains how to run
`extensive, configurable tests independent of SunOS. The Sun Diagnostic
`Executive is the tool of choice when you need thorough diagnostics. With
`the Sun Diagnostic Executive you can determine which field replaceable
`unit needs to be replaced.
`
`xvi
`
`SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 16
`
`

`

`SystemOverview
`
`1
`
`This chapter presents an overview of the SPARCstation 2 system’s hardware.
`This overview is helpful in servicing and maintaining hardware equipment.
`
`The heart of the SPARCstation 2 is contained in a main chassis or system unit.
`The system unit houses the main logic board. A power supply, two optional 3
`1/2-inch hard disk drives, one optional 3 1/2-inch diskette drive, and the
`speaker are also contained in the system unit. A frame buffer board or
`graphics accelerator board must reside in one of the system’s three SBus
`expansion slots when a video monitor is connected to the system. See “SBus
`Boards” later in this Chapter for more information.
`
`You can add expansion modules to increase the system’s mass storage capacity.
`See “Mass Storage Devices” later in this chapter for more information on the
`expansion modules.
`
`The figures and tables covered in this chapter include the following:
`• Figure 1-1 illustrates the system’s configuration with an external storage
`device.
`• Figure 1-2 presents the top view of the system with the cover removed.
`• Figure 1-3 presents the main logic board’s layout.
`• Table 1-1 gives the legends to be used with Figure 1-3.
`• Table 1-2 lists the acronyms used for certain parts, and their full expressions.
`• Figure 1-4 presents the block-level diagram of the main logic board. The
`balance of the chapter describes the system’s components.
`
`1
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 17
`
`

`

`1
`
`Figure 1-1 is a block diagram of one of the workstation’s configurations.
`
`Mouse
`
`Keyboard
`
`Monitor
`
`Power
`supply
`
`Main logic board
`
`Tape
`
`Hard disk
`
`Internal
`hard drive
`
`System unit
`
`Internal
`diskette
`drive
`
`External storage
`device
`
`Figure 1-1
`
`SPARCstation 2 Block Diagram
`
`2
`
`SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 18
`
`

`

`Figure 1-2 shows the top view of the system with the cover removed.
`
`1
`
`SPARC floating
`point unit (FPU)
`
`SPARC integer
`unit (IU)
`
`SBus slots
`
`Cache
`controller
`
`Boot
`PROM
`Back panel
`
`Lithium
`battery
`
`Serial port
`jumpers
`
`Power
`supply
`
`SIMM
`slots
`
`SIMM
`slots
`
`Hard
`drive
`1
`
`Hard
`drive
`2
`
`Diskette
`drive
`
`Front panel
`
`Fan
`assembly
`
`System
`speaker
`
`Figure 1-2 Top View of the System With the Cover Removed
`
`System Overview
`
`3
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 19
`
`

`

`1
`
`Figure 1-3 illustrates the main logic board’s layout. All the chips discussed in
`“Main Logic Board,” which follows, are illustrated in this figure.
`
`Back Panel
`
`J0503 TTY B
`
`J0502 TTY A
`
`J0404
`
`J0403 SCSI
`
`J0601
`
` KBD
`J0504
`
`SPARC
` FPU
` 1
`
`4 5
`
`SPARC
` IU
` 2
`
`CACHE
` Ctlr
` 3
`
`SBus Slot 3
`
`SBus Slot 2
`
` S4
` RAM
`
`SIMM
` Slots
`
`SIMM
` Slots
`
`J0704
`
`J0701
`
`J0703
`
`J0402 HD1 SCSI
`
`J0702
`
`J0401 HD2 SCSI
`
`J0602
`
`J0501
`
`Front Panel
`
`Figure 1-3 The Workstation’s Main Logic Board
`
`4
`
`SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
`
`6
`
`7
`
`8
`
`E-NET
`
`OSC
`
`MMU+
`
`E-NET
`
`SCSI
` Ctlr
`
`DMA
` Ctlr
`
`J0705
`
`MMU+
`
`MMU+
`
`SBus Slot 1
`
`MMU+
`
`MMU+
`
`MMU+
`
`MMU+
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 20
`
`

`

`Table 1-1 Main Logic Board Parts Layout: Legend
`
`1
`
`Figure 1-3
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`7
`8
`DMA CTRL
`E-NET
`MMU+
`OSC
`RAM CTRL
`SCSI Ctrl
`SIMM
`J0401
`J0402
`J0403
`J0404
`J0501
`J0502
`J0503
`J0504
`J0601
`J0602
`J0701
`J0702
`J0703
`J0704
`J0705
`
`Definition
`
`SPARC Floating Point Unit
`SPARC Integer Unit
`Cache Controller
`Cache Data RAM (chip set)
`Cache Data RAM (chip set)
`Boot PROM
`NVRAM, Time-of-Day Clock, Lithium Battery
`RS-232 and RS-423 serial port mode jumpers
`DMA Controller, S4 DMA+
`Ethernet Controller (chip set)
`Memory Management Unit+ (chip set)
`Oscillator
`RAM Controller, S4 RAM
`SCSI Controller
`Single Inline Memory Module
`Hard Drive 2 SCSI cable connector
`Hard Drive 1 SCSI cable connector
`SCSI port
`Ethernet port
`Diskette Drive data cable connector
`Serial Port A
`Serial Port B
`Keyboard cable connector
`Audio Input/Output cable connector
`System Speaker and LED connector
`Power Supply connector
`Hard Drive 2 power connector
`Hard Drive 1 power connector
`Diskette drive power connector
`Memory/SBus expansion connector
`
`System Overview
`
`5
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 21
`
`

`

`1
`
`Table 1-2 List of Acronyms
`
`Acronyms
`
`Full Expression
`
`DMA
`MMU+
`NVRAM
`PROM
`RAM
`SCSI
`SIMM
`
`Direct Memory Access
`Memory Management Unit+
`Non-Volatile Random Access Memory
`Programmable Read-Only Memory
`Random Access Memory
`Small Computer System Interface
`Single Inline Memory Module
`
`6
`
`SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 22
`
`

`

`SPARC
`FPU
`
`SPARC
`IU
`
`S4 MMU+
`
`SIA
`
`1
`
`Ethernet
`
`SCSI
`
`S4 DMA+
`
`16K
`
`x2
`
`4
`
`S4
`Cache+
`
`64Kx8
`
`Buffer
`
`Serial communication
`controllers
`
`Boot PROM
`
`NVRAM/TOD
`
`Diskette drive
`controller
`
`I/O data bus
`
`SBus
`slots
`
`S4
`video
`
`VRAM
`
`Cache
`data
`
`Cache
`data
`
`SBus address
`
`SBus data
`
`S4 RAM
`
`16 SIMMs
`
`SBus frame buffer board
`
`Audio
`
`Figure 1-4
`
`Block Level Diagram of the Main Logic Board
`
`System Overview
`
`7
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 23
`
`

`

`The system’s major components usually consist of the following:
`• The system unit
`• The keyboard
`• The video monitor (or a terminal)
`• The mouse
`• Optional external storage modules. The following are some of the external
`storage modules available:
`(cid:176) Desktop Backup Pack 150 MB (megabyte) tape drive only
`(cid:176) Desktop Disk Pack 207 MB hard disk drive only
`(cid:176) Desktop SunCD Pack 644 MB (maximum) CD-ROM player only
`(cid:176) External Storage Module 327 MB hard disk drive only
`(cid:176) External Storage Module 327 MB hard disk drive and 150 MB cartridge
`tape drive
`(cid:176) External Storage Module dual 327 MB hard disk drives
`(cid:176) External Storage Module 669 MB hard disk drive only
`(cid:176) External Storage Module dual 669 MB hard disk drives
`(cid:176) External Storage Module 669 MB hard disk drive and 150 MB cartridge
`tape drive
`(cid:176) External Storage Module 669 MB hard disk drive and 2.3 GB cartridge
`tape drive
`(cid:176) External Storage Module 2.3 GB cartridge tape drive only
`
`These units may be daisy-chained together. For information on installing and
`using external drive unit, see the Desktop Storage Pack Installation Guide.
`
`The major sections of the main logic board consist of the following:
`• CPU core
`• SBus slots
`• Memory Management Unit+ (MMU+)
`• S4 Direct Memory Access+ (DMA+)
`
`1 M
`
`ajor Components
`
`Main Logic Board
`
`8
`
`SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 24
`
`

`

`CPU Core
`
`1
`
`• Dynamic Random Access Memory (RAM)
`• Input/Output such as the Ethernet controller chip, the SCSI controller chip,
`and the diskette drive controller chip
`• Eight-bit devices
`
`The CPU core consists of the following:
`• Integer Unit (IU)
`• Floating-point Unit (FPU)
`• Cache memory
`These components are discussed in the sections that follow.
`
`Integer Unit
`The basic core of the main logic board is the SPARC Integer Unit (IU) (see
`Figures 1-3 and 1-4). The IU’s clock speed is 40 MHz. The IU is supported
`with the S4 chip set including the S4 cache+, the S4 memory management
`unit+, the S4 buffer, and the S4 clock.
`
`Floating-Point Unit
`The floating-point unit (see Figures 1-3 and 1-4) delivers approximately 4.0
`Mflops double-precision Linpack performance.
`
`Cache Memory
`Cache memory (see Figures 1-3 and 1-4) is high-speed local memory for the IU.
`The chips comprising cache memory include the following:
`• S4 Cache+
`• Cache Data RAMs
`The S4 cache chip serves as the SBus controller and the address path. The S4
`buffer chip controls the data path through the cache. The S4 cache chip also
`controls what data is available in the cache data RAMs.
`
`System Overview
`
`9
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 25
`
`

`

`1
`
`The IU asks for data from a specific address. That address is compared against
`information stored in the cache tags. The S4 cache chip decides if the data the
`IU is looking for is stored in the cache, based on the information stored in the
`cache tags.
`
`If the data is in the cache, the cache data RAM transmits data to the IU as fast
`as the IU can receive data. If the data is not in the cache, this is referred to as
`a cache miss, and the IU is halted. An SBus cycle is initiated to obtain the
`required data from main memory. The cache data RAM is filled with the
`information obtained from main memory and the IU is started again.
`
`The cache design implemented in the SPARCstation 2 is a 64 K write-through
`cache with one level of write buffering. The cache line size is 16 bytes, with
`one tag for each line.
`
`There are three SBus slots on the main logic board (see Figures 1-2 and 1-3).
`SBus boards such as frame buffer board, a GX graphics accelerator board, or a
`second ethernet board are installed in the SBus slots.
`
`The SBus slots are connected to the SBus data bus and the SBus address bus.
`The SBus is a proprietary 32-bit synchronous bus. See “SBus Boards” later in
`this chapter for more information on specific SBus boards. “SBus Boards” in
`Chapter 4 explains how to remove and replace SBus boards.
`
`SBus Slots
`
`Memory Management Unit+
`The S4 memory management unit+ (MMU+) chip (see Figures 1-3 and 1-4) is
`connected to the system bus. The MMU+ maps the virtual addresses used by
`user programs, SunOS, and input/output devices to physical memory
`addresses. This is how virtual memory is implemented. Virtual memory
`allows a user program to have access to an address space that is larger than the
`physical memory present on the system.
`
`In addition, it isolates the address space of one process from that of another,
`preventing errors in a user-level program from bringing the entire system
`down. It also controls the protections (read-only or read/write) associated
`with each page of memory, allowing, for example, one copy of a shared library
`to be used by many running programs.
`
`10
`
`SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2088, p. 26
`
`

`

`1
`
`S4 DMA+
`
`Ethernet is controlled by a Local Area Network Controller for Ethernet
`(LANCE) controller chip (see Figures 1-3 and 1-4). It interfaces to the SBus
`through the S4 DMA+ chip. SCSI disk drive operations are handled through
`the SCSI controller chip. It also interfaces to the SBus through the S4 DMA+
`chip.
`
`Dynamic RAM
`The Dynamic RAM (DRAM), is comprised of the following:
`• One S4 RAM chip, illustrated in Figures 1-3 and 1-4.
`• 16 Single Inline Memory Module (SIMM) slots for 4 MB SIMMs in groups
`of 4. See “Single Inline Memory Modules (SIMMS)” in Chapter 4 and
`Installing SPARCstation 2 SIMMs for information on how to install SIMMS.
`
`Input/Output
`
`The following chips, which control input/output devices, are briefly discussed
`in this section:
`• Ethernet (LANCE) controller chip
`• SCSI controller chip
`• Diskette drive controller chip
`Ethernet is controlled by a Local Area Network Controller for Ethernet
`(LANCE) controller chip (see Figures 1-3 and 1-4).
`
`The SCSI hard disk drives are controlled by the SCSI controller chip (see
`Figures 1-3 and 1-4).
`
`The diskette drive is controlled by the diskette drive cont