6/2/2019
`
`Sun4d - Wikipedia
`
`Sun4d
`
`Sun4d is a computer architecture introduced by Sun Microsystems in 1992. It
`is a development of the earlier Sun-4 architecture, using the XDBus system bus,
`SuperSPARC processors, and SBus I/O cards. The XDBus was the result of a
`collaboration between Sun and Xerox; its name comes from an earlier Xerox
`project, the Xerox Dragon. These were Sun's largest machines to date, and their
`first attempt at making a mainframe-class server.
`
`Contents
`Architecture
`Machines
`SPARCserver 1000
`SPARCcenter 2000
`Cray Superserver 6400
`Performance
`References
`External links
`See also
`
`Architecture
`
`SPARCserver 1000 and
`SPARCstorage Array
`
`Sun4d computers are true SMP systems; although memory and CPUs are installed per system board, the memory on a
`given board is not in any way "closer" to the CPUs on that same board. All memory and I/O devices are equally connected
`to all CPUs.
`
`All of these computers use a passive backplane into which system boards are plugged. Each system board provides CPUs,
`memory, and an I/O bus. As system boards are added, these components are added to the whole in a completely seamless
`fashion. It is not a cluster, but works as a single large machine.
`
`Machines
`
`Sun4d computers include the SPARCcenter 2000 (1992) and SPARCserver 1000 (1993) from Sun Microsystems, and the
`Cray CS6400 (1993) from Cray Research. The system boards in these three machines are all slightly different, physically
`and electronically, and are not interchangeable.
`
`All Sun4d machines provide JTAG ports, although unlike later systems the SPARCcenter and SPARCserver only use it for
`maintenance purposes.
`
`SPARCserver 1000
`
`https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun4d#SPARCcenter_2000
`
`1/3
`
`IPR2018-01600
`
`EXHIBIT
`2072
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2086, p. 1
`
`
`
`Sun4d - Wikipedia
`
`Sun4d
`
`Sun4d is a computer architecture introduced by Sun Microsystems in 1992. It
`is a development of the earlier Sun-4 architecture, using the XDBus system bus,
`SuperSPARC processors, and SBus I/O cards. The XDBus was the result of a
`collaboration between Sun and Xerox; its name comes from an earlier Xerox
`project, the Xerox Dragon. These were Sun's largest machines to date, and their
`first attempt at making a mainframe-class server.
`
`Contents
`Architecture
`Machines
`SPARCserver 1000
`SPARCcenter 2000
`Cray Superserver 6400
`Performance
`References
`External links
`See also
`
`Architecture
`
`SPARCserver 1000 and
`SPARCstorage Array
`
`Sun4d computers are true SMP systems; although memory and CPUs are installed per system board, the memory on a
`given board is not in any way "closer" to the CPUs on that same board. All memory and I/O devices are equally connected
`to all CPUs.
`
`All of these computers use a passive backplane into which system boards are plugged. Each system board provides CPUs,
`memory, and an I/O bus. As system boards are added, these components are added to the whole in a completely seamless
`fashion. It is not a cluster, but works as a single large machine.
`
`Machines
`
`Sun4d computers include the SPARCcenter 2000 (1992) and SPARCserver 1000 (1993) from Sun Microsystems, and the
`Cray CS6400 (1993) from Cray Research. The system boards in these three machines are all slightly different, physically
`and electronically, and are not interchangeable.
`
`All Sun4d machines provide JTAG ports, although unlike later systems the SPARCcenter and SPARCserver only use it for
`maintenance purposes.
`
`SPARCserver 1000
`
`https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun4d#SPARCcenter_2000
`
`1/3
`
`IPR2018-01600
`
`EXHIBIT
`2072
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2086, p. 1
`
`
`
`Sun4d - Wikipedia
`6/2/2019
`The SPARCserver 1000 is a 5U rackmountable chassis with four 40 MHz
`XDBus slots, and space for four half-height 3.5" SCSI drives plus two half-
`height front-accessible 5.25" SCSI drives (typically used for CD-ROM and DAT).
`Each system board connects to one XDBus and provides two MBus slots for
`CPUs, three SBus slots for I/O boards, four banks of memory (four SIMMs
`apiece), and builtin SCSI-2, 10baseT Ethernet, and two serial ports.[1]
`
`Maximum configuration: eight CPUs and 2 GB RAM.
`
`SS1000E
`
`The SPARCserver 1000E has a slightly faster XDBus (50 MHz). The system
`boards are not backwards compatible.
`
`The SPARCserver 1000, like earlier Sun-4/xxx servers, has a set of LEDs on
`each system board that display diagnostics on POST, and CPU load while
`running. These allow the user to see at a glance how busy each processor on the
`system is. They are informally referred to as "Cylon" displays, because of the
`way each displays a single light bouncing back and forth resembles the scanner
`of the robots in the original Battlestar Galactica television series.[2]
`
`The SPARCserver 1000 will run a slightly-patched Linux 2.4 kernel in SMP
`mode. [3]
`
`SS1000E System Board
`
`A single octo-processor SPARCserver 1000 helped 117 SPARCstation 20 Model HS11 units, 87 with two 100 MHz
`hyperSPARC processors and 30 with four 100 MHz hyperSPARC processors, to render Toy Story.[4]
`
`SPARCcenter 2000
`The SPARCcenter 2000 is a full rack system that includes a main chassis with ten 40MHz dual-XDBus slots and several
`disk arrays. The system boards connect to two XDBuses for extra bandwidth, and provide two MBus slots, four SBus slots,
`four banks of memory (four SIMMs apiece), and two serial ports apiece. Unlike the SPARCserver 1000 boards, they do not
`have a builtin SCSI and Ethernet port per system board.[5]
`
`Maximum configuration: twenty CPUs and 5 GB RAM.
`
`The SPARCcenter 2000E has a slightly faster XDBus (50 MHz). The system boards are not backwards compatible.
`
`Cray Superserver 6400
`The Cray CS6400 is a 16-slot, 55 MHz quad-XDBus system. Each system board provides four MBus slots, four SBus slots,
`four banks of memory, and no builtin I/O ports.
`
`Maximum configuration: sixty-four CPUs and 16 GB RAM.[6]
`
`When SGI purchased Cray Research in 1996, they sold the division responsible for the CS6400 to Sun, where it was
`developed into the extremely successful Sun Enterprise 10000.[7]
`
`Performance
`
`Relative performance of Sun-4d machines, based on SPEC CINT92 Rate benchmarks:[8][9]
`
`https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun4d#SPARCcenter_2000
`
`2/3
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2086, p. 2
`
`
`
`6/2/2019
`
`System
`
`Processors
`
`CS6400
`SC2000E
`SS1000E
`
`64
`20
`8
`
`References
`
`geometric
`mean
`rate_int92
`
`101969
`53714
`21758
`
`008
`espresso
`SPEC
`rate
`98449
`46817
`19578
`
`Sun4d - Wikipedia
`
`022 li
`SPEC
`rate
`
`147287
`54551
`26184
`
`023
`eqntott
`SPEC
`rate
`139144
`74541
`26089
`
`026
`compress
`SPEC
`rate
`32849
`28564
`11680
`
`072
`sc
`SPEC
`rate
`214882
`107441
`45238
`
`085
`gcc
`SPEC
`rate
`78932
`41111
`15014
`
`1. SPARCserver 1000 System Service Manual. Sun Microsystems. 1993.
`2. http://www.sunhelp.org/faq/sunref3.html
`3. http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=13444
`4. "Disney's "Toy Story" uses more than 100 Sun Workstations to render images for first all-computer-based movie; Pixar
`Animation and Sun Microsystems create powerful rendering engine for Disney movie" (https://www.thefreelibrary.com/
`Disney%27s+%22Toy+Story%22+uses+more+than+100+Sun+Workstations+to+render...-a017796824). Free Online
`Library. Retrieved April 3, 2019.
`5. SPARCcenter 2000 System Board Manual. Sun Microsystems. 1994.
`6. "Archived copy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20070928063517/http://www.filibeto.org/~aduritz/supercomputing/cray/cr
`ay-cs6400.html). Archived from the original (http://www.filibeto.org/~aduritz/supercomputing/cray/cray-cs6400.html) on
`2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-09-28.
`7. http://www.filibeto.org/aduritz/truetrue/e10000/how-e10k-wasborn.html
`8. http://performance.netlib.org/performance/html/spec.crint92.3_95.col0.html
`9. http://performance.netlib.org/performance/html/spec.crint92.12_95.col0.html
`
`External links
`
`Xerox PARC CSL-93-17 "Papers from the SunDragon Project" (http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/xerox/parc/techRep
`orts/CSL-93-17_Papers_from_the_SunDragon_Project.pdf)
`
`See also
`
`Sun-4
`SPARCstation
`
`Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sun4d&oldid=890879402"
`
`This page was last edited on 4 April 2019, at 04:16 (UTC).
`Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this
`site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation,
`Inc., a non-profit organization.
`
`https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun4d#SPARCcenter_2000
`
`3/3
`
`PATENT OWNER DIRECTSTREAM, LLC
`EX. 2086, p. 3
`
`
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