(12) United States Patent
`Us 6,611,676 B2
`(10) Patent N0.:
`Ue et a1.
`(45) Date of Patent:
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`USOO6611676B2
`
`(54) RADIO COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
`AND TRANSMISSION RATE CONTROL
`METHOD
`
`(75)
`
`-
`.
`-
`.
`Inventors. Toyokl Ue, Yokosuka (JP), Katsuhlko
`Hiramatsu, Yokosuka (JP); Osamu
`Kat0> YOkOS‘lka (JP)
`_
`_
`_
`.
`(73) Assrgnee: Matsushlta Electric Industrial C0.,
`Ltd-, Osaka (JP)
`
`( * ) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`use 154(b) by 0 days.
`
`(
`
`)
`
`21 A 1. N .: 10 083 553
`)
`pp
`0
`/
`’
`(
`(22)
`Filed:
`Feb. 27: 2002
`-
`-
`-
`D t
`65
`Pr
`P bl
`t
`a a
`10r u lca 10n
`US 2002/0082039 A1 Jun. 27, 2002
`_
`_
`Related U'S' Appllcatlon Data
`(63) Continuation of application No. 09/424,843, filed as appli—
`cation N0. PCT/JP99/02077 on Apr. 19, 1997.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`.
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`
`(30)
`
`(JP)
`........................................... 10—107300
`Apr. 17, 1998
`
`.......................... H04B 7/00
`(51)
`Int. Cl.7
`..............
`455/69; 455/67.4; 455/63
`(52) US. Cl.
`
`h
`455/522 69 63
`58
`F'
`ld f S
`(
`)
`1e
`0
`earc
`"""""""""""""""
`4155/67 T
`’
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5’483’676 A
`
`“1996 Mahany et al‘
`
`(List continued on next page.)
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`EP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`JP
`W0
`
`0627827
`7143572
`8340308
`946290
`9506231
`9312649
`1075209
`10502778
`10098431
`10107769
`10126337
`11074835
`9604718
`
`12/1994
`6/1995
`12/1996
`2/1997
`6/1997
`12/1997
`3/1998
`3/1998
`4/1998
`4/1998
`5/1998
`3/1999
`2/1996
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`An English Language abstract of JP—8—340308.
`An English Language abstract of JP—9—312649.
`An article entitled “Performance of SIR—Based Transmit
`Power Control Using Outer Loop In The Forward Link of
`DS—CDMA”, by F. Kikuchi et al., published in Technical
`Report of IEICE, A—P96—148, EMCJ96—83, RCS96—162,
`MW96—188 (Feb. 1997).
`Japanese Office Action dated Oct. 15, 2002.
`English translation 0f Japanese Office ACtion‘
`
`Primary Examiner—Thanh Cong Le
`Assistant Examiner—Alan T. Gantt
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`.
`.
`1
`.
`.
`Th
`e commumcatlon termma apparatus measures receptlon
`qua11ty and reports the measurement result
`to the base
`station apparatus, and the base station apparatus switches the
`transmission rate based on the reported result of the recep-
`tion .quality. In thisway, the transmission rate is switched
`startmg at the pomt 1n t1me at wh1ch the reception qua11ty of
`the communication terminal apparatus deteriorates.
`Furthermore, the transmission rate is switched so that the
`amount of interference with others is within the allowable
`
`range according to the channel condition between the com-
`munication terminal apparatus and base station apparatus.
`
`CA
`
`2204057
`
`11/1997
`
`11 Claims, 15 Drawing Sheets
`
`2032
`204
`
`
`
`DUP‘ EXER
`205 TRANSMISSION POWER
`
`0.
`J
`CONTROLLER
`2 0 2 J
`
`ANTENNA #1
`Y7
`
`201
`
`
`
`RECEPTION
`
`
`
`TRANSMTSSION
`M
`,
`n
`
`
`‘ '
`
`208
`
`
`
`1
`‘206
`
`207
`
`2
`
`RECEPTION
`STGNAL
`
`SIGNAL
`
`|PR2018—01473
`
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`
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`
`

`

`US 6,611,676 132
` Page 2
`
`US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`5,528,593 A *
`5,603,096 A
`5,694,391 A
`5,701,294 A
`5,732,334 A *
`5,751,731 A
`5,822,318 A
`5,825,761 A
`
`.............. 370/391
`6/1996 English et a1.
`2/1997 Gilhousen et 211.
`12/1997 Diachina et 211.
`12/1997 Ward et 211.
`3/1998 Miyake ...................... 330/129
`5/1998 Raith
`10/1998 Tiedemann, Jr. et 211.
`10/1998 Tanaka et 211.
`
`4/1999 Okumura et 211.
`5,896,374 A
`6/1999 Warren et 211.
`5,912,921 A
`7/1999 Allpress et a1.
`5920552 A
`3/2000 Kirisawa .................... 375/295
`6,034,999 A *
`3/2000 Suzuki
`6,044,067 A
`6/2000 Saints et 211.
`6,075,974 A
`7/2000 Bruckert et 211.
`6,094,428 A
`6,166,598 A * 12/2000 Schlueter .................... 330/127
`6,175,557 B1
`1/2001 Diachina et 211.
`6,310,868 B2 * 10/2001 Uebayashi et a1.
`
`......... 370/335
`
`|PR2018-01473
`
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`
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`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 1 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`ANTENNAAI
`I
`
`TOT
`
`v I
`
`1032
`104
`105
`
`
`
`DEMODULATOR
`
`
`
`TRANSMISSION
`
`
`
`
`_. OORLEAER
`105 RATESWITORINO
`
`
`'»
`CONTROLLER
`102/
`
`RECEPTION
`RFCHCUW
`
`SEPARATOR
`
`REOEPTION
`DATA
`
`,
`
`
`
`
`
`TRANSMISSION
`TRANSMISSION
`TRANSMISSION
`
`FRAME GENERATOR
`REOIROIIIT
`DATA
`
`
`109
`
`108
`
`107
`
`204
`203
`9
`7
`
`REOERTION
`RECEPTION
`
`
`DEMODUWOR
`' SIGNAL
`REOIROIIIT
`_
`
`
`MOLTIRLEAER
`nggfgw
`MODULATOR
`
`
`v
`2208
`207
`206
`
`SIRMEASIIREMENT
`OIROMIT
`
`.
`
`TRANSMISSION
`
`SIGNAL
`
`.
`
`I '
`
`’
`
`ANTENNAII
`'
`
`20%
`
`,
`DUPLExcR
`
`202_/
`
`FIG. 2
`
`|PR2018—O1473
`
`Apple Inc. EX1001 Page 3
`
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`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 2 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`KNOWN PATTERN
`COMPONENT OF
`RECEPTION SIGNAL
`
`
`
`303
`$301
`
`
`
`POWER
`.
`EASUREMENT
`
`
`CIRCUIT
`
`
`COMPLEX
`MULTIPLICATION
`CIRCUIT
`
`
`DESIRED SIGNAL
`RECEPTION POWER
`
`COMPLEX
`
`
`
`CONJUGATING
`
`CIRCUIT
`
`
`802
`
`O
`
`KNOWN PATTERN
`
`FIG. 3
`
`404
`
`S
`
`
`
`‘
`
`
`
`405
`
`INTERFERENCE
`POWER+NOISE POWER
`MEASUREMENT CIRCUIT
`
`
`KNOWN PATTERN
`COMPONENT OF RECEPTION
`
`SIGNAL
`
`
`
`
`
`RATIO
`COMPLEX
`DESIRED POWER
`
`-- CALCULATING
`MEASUREMENT
`MULTIPLIOATION
`
`
`CIRCUIT
`CIRCUIT
`CIRCUIT
`
`
`
`
`COMPLEX CONJUGATING
`CIRCUIT
`
`INOWN PATTERN
`COMPONENT OF -
`RECEPTION SIGNAL
`
`
`
`
`SIGNAL — TO —
`INTERFERENCE PLUS
`NOISE RATIO
`
`KNOWN PATTERN
`
`FIG. 4
`
`|PR2018—O1473
`
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`
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`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 3 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`FIG. 5
`
`Q I Ch
`
`
`
`FIG. 6
`
`INTERFERENCE SIGNAL RECEPTION
`OO‘POO POWER PLUS NOISE POWER
`00
`
`DESIRED SIGNAL RECEPTION POWER
`/
`
`1— ch
`
`
`
`
`
`PILOT
`CONTROL
`
`
`
`
`SYMBOL
`INFORMATION
`
`
`
`MESSAGE
`
`
`
`
` PILOT
`
` M ESSAGE
`
`
`SYMBOL
`
`
`
`(a) WHEN FLAG = MESSAGE
`
`PILOT
`
`
`
`
`SYMBOL
`
`CONTROLINFORMATION
`
`1
`
`(b) WHEN FLAG=CONTROL INFORMATION
`
`|PR2018—O1473
`
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`
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`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 4 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`FIG. 8
`
`BASE STATION APPARATUS
`TERMINAL APPARATUS
`
`
`MESSAGE
`
`MESSAGE
`
`
`
`I CONTROL INFORMATION
`; DRASTIC DETERIORATION
`(RECEPTION QUALI
`I OF RECEPTION QUALITY
`
`CONTROL INFORMATION
`(SWITCHING NOTIFICATION)
`
`
`
`
`
`MESSAGE
`
`TRANSMISSION RATE
`SWITCHING CONTROL
`
`WHEN TERMINAL APPARATUS STARTS TO REPORT UPON RECEPTION OF
`RECEPTION QUALITY MEASUREMENT RESULT
`
`FE G g
`
`BASE STATION APPARATUS
`
`TERMINAL APPARATUS
`
`MESSAGE
`
`'
`
`‘ NTROL INFORMATIOII
`[REQUEST FOR RECEPTION QUALITY REPORT}
`DESSLIC DETERICRATION
`Or REUEE’I ION QUALITY ' CONTROL INFORMA
`‘
`IRECEPTION QUALITYI
`I
`CONTROL INFORMATION
`(SWITCHING NOTIFICATION)
`
`.
`
`TRANSMISSION RATE
`SWITCHINGCONTROL
`
`
`
`
`WHEN BASE STATION APPARATUS STARTS TO REQUEST FOR REPORT
`ON RECEPTION OUAUTY TO TERMINAL UPON RECEPTION OF
`RECEPTION QUALITY MEASUREMENT RESULT
`
`|PR2018—O1473
`
`Apple Inc. EX1001 Page 6
`
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`Apple Inc. EX1001 Page 6
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 5 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`FIG 10 BASES‘IATIONAPPARATUS
`
`TERMINALAPPARATUS
`
`MESSAGE
`
`MESSAGE
`
`MESSAGE
`
`SWITCHING CONTROL MESSAGE
`
`ERROR DETECTION
`
`RESEND REQUEST
`(/J
`CONTROL INFORMATION
`(REQUEST FOR REPORT ON RECEPTION QUALITY)
`CONTROL INFO
`I U
`(RECEPTION QUALI
`
`CONTROL INFORMATION
`(SWITCHING NOTIFICATION)
`
`_
`TRANSMISSION RA: E
`
`WHEN BASE STATION APPARATUS STARTS TO REQUEST FOR REPORT ON RECEPTION
`QUALITY TO TERMINAL UPON RECEPTION OF RESENO REQUEST FROM TERMINAL
`
`FIG. ‘I‘I
`
`TERMINALAPPARATUS
`BASE STATION APPARATUS
`
`
`MESSAGE
`\\
`
`
`MESSAGE
`
`
` POWEBREQUEST
`
`
`EXCESSIVE TRANSMISSION
`
`TRANSMISSWATE
`SWITCHING CONTROL
`
`MESSAGE
`CONTROL INFORMATION
`I
`(
`:
`(SWITCHIAGNOTIICATION)
`MESSAGE
`
`
`
` MESSAGE
`
`WHEN BASE STATION APPARATUS STARTS TRANSMISSION RATE
`SWITCHING CONTROL BASED ON OWN TRANSMISSION POWER
`
`|PR2018—O1473
`
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`
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`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 6 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`ST‘I 1
`
`SIR<THRESHOLD1
`
`ST1 2
`
`
`
`NO
`
`
`SET 1/2
`TRANSMISSION
`RATE(DOUBLE
`
`
`
`SPREADING RATE)
`
`HQ. 12
`
` ‘ SIR<THRESHOLD1
`
`ST22
`
` SET TRANSMISSION
`RATE(SPREADING
`
`RATE)AT WHICH
`
`SIR>THRESHOLD 1
`
`
`|PR2018—O1473
`
`Apple Inc. EX1001 Page 8
`
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`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 7 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`START
`
`>Z<- THRESHOLD 2 CORRESPONDS
`TO DOUBLE TRANSMISSION RATE
`ST31
`(THRESHOLD 2 >THRESHOLD I)
`(h/
`$R<THRESHOLD2
`YES
`STB2
`
`
`
`SETDOUBLE
`NO
`TRANSAMSSKNIRATE
`‘
`
`
`(IQ SPREADuuG
`
`RATE)
`
`
`
`
`>I<THRESHOLD n CORRESPONDS
`TO nTH FASTEST
`TRANSMISSION RATE
`(THRESHOLD n >THRESHOLD n+1)
`
`ST44
`
`
`SET nTH FASTEST
`TRANSMISSION RATE
`(SPREADING RATE)
`|
`
`END
`
`FIG. 15
`
`|PR2018—O1473
`
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`
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`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 8 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`‘I 03
`
`104
`
`RECEPTION
`
`
`
`I O5
`
`
`
`
`
`RECEPTION
`
`2
`IO? RATE SWITCHING
`
`TRANSMISSION
`
`CONTROLLER
`
`
`
`
`
`
`,
`ANTENNA AI
`
`
`“I OT
`
`
`102
`
`a ;
`
`DU‘ L'XER ,
`
`TRANSMISSION
`RF CIRCUIT
`
`V
`
`TRANSMISSION
`FRAME GENERATOR
`
`‘I 09
`
`‘1 O8
`
`1 O7
`
`
`
`DATA
`
`ANTENNA #I
`
`201
`
`202
`
`2032
`
`204
`
`"
`
`TRANSMISSION POWER
`CONTROLLER
`
`
`
`
`a
`I
`
`RECEPTION
`SIGNAL
`
`TRANSMISSION
`SIGNAL
`
`|PR2018—O1473
`
`Apple Inc. EX1001 Page 10
`
`IPR2018-01473
`Apple Inc. EX1001 Page 10
`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 9 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 132
`
`TRANSMISSION
`POWER CONTROL
`SIGNAL
`
`TRANSMISSION POWER
`CCNTRCISICNAI
`
`
`
`T
`303
`
`
`
`COMPLEX
`POWER
`
`MULTIPLICATION
`MEASUREMENT
`
`
`
`JOMPURGATOR
`°
`CIRCUIT
`CIRCUIT
`
`
`
`
`A II
`
`KNOWN PATTERN
`COMPONENT OF
`RECEPTION SIGNAL
`
`COMPLEX CONJUGATING 302
`CIRCUIT
`
`I C
`
`)
`
`KNOWN PATTERN
`
`FIG. 18
`
`404
`
`
`
`
`
`INTERFERENCE
`POWER+NOISEPOWER
`
`
`MEASUREMENTCIRCUIT
`
`
`
`'
`KNOWNPATTERN
`CCMPCNENTCERECEETICN
`
`ISM
`405
`RECEPTION SIGNAL
`
`
`
`-
`RATIO
`DESIRED POWER
`-
`MEASUREMENT
`CALCULATING
`
`
`
`
`CIRCUIT
`CIRCUIT
`
`
` 403’
`
`KNOWN PATTERN
`COMPONENT OF
`
`401
`
`
`
`COMPLEX
`MULTIPLICATION
`CIRCUIT
`
`SIGNAL—TO—
`INTERFERENCE
`PLUS NOISE RATIO
`..
`
`A I
`PCMASUCSMLRUL
`QM
`“
`T
`
`COMPARISON
`
`1901
`
`
`
`
`COMPLEX CONJUGATINC
`CIRCUIT
`
`4
`
`02
`
`A
`KNOWN PATTERN
`
`FIG. 19
`
`|PR2018—O1473
`
`Apple Inc. EX1001 Page 11
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`Apple Inc. EX1001 Page 11
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 10 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`
`
`ESTIMATE SIR FROM
`TRANSMISSION POWER
`
`
`CONTROL
`ACCUMULATION
`
`
`
`
`
`
`
`ESTIMATED
`SIR VALUE<
`THRESHOLD 1
`
`
`
`ST53
`
`
`SET 1/2 TRANSMISSION
`RATEIDOUBLE
`
`SPREADING RATE)
`
`
`
`
`
`
`ESTIMATE SIR FROM
`TRANSMISSION POWER
`CONTROL
`
`ACCUMULARION
`
`
`STSI
`
`STS2
`
`ESTIMATED
`STSS
`SIR VALUE<
`
`THRESHOLD I
`
`SET TRANSMISSION
`RATE (SPREADING
`RATE) AT WHICH
`SIR>THRESHOLD 1
`
`
`
`
`FIG. 21
`
`|PR2018—O1473
`
`Apple Inc. EX1001 Page 12
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`Apple Inc. EX1001 Page 12
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 11 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`>'< THRESHOLD 2 CORRESPONDS
`TO DOUBLE TRANSMISSION RATE
`(THRESHOLD 2 >THRESHOLD 1)
`
`ESTIMATE SIR FROM
`
`
`
`TRANSMISSION POWER
`
`
`CONTROL
`
`ACCUMULATION
`
`STYI
`
`
`
`ESTIMATED
`SIR VALUE>
`
`THRESHOLD 2
`
`ST73
`
`
`
`SET 1/2 TRANSMISSION
`RATEIDOUBLE
`
`SPREADING RATE)
`
`
`
`ESTIMATE SIR FROM
`TRANSMISSION POWER
`
`STSI
`,
`
`CONTROL ACCUMULATION
`
`l:I’I==—_1I ST82
`2._~.______~
`
`STBS
`
`*
`
`ST84
`
`ESTIMATED
`SIR VALUE<
`
`
`THRESHOLD n
`
`‘
`NO
`SET nTH FASTEST
`TRANSMISSION
`RATEISPREADING RATE)
`II
`
`ST85
`
`YES
`
`XTHRESHOLD n CORRESPONDS
`TO nTH FASTEST
`TRANSMISSION RATE
`(THRESHOLD ‘I >THRESHOLD n+1)
`
`FIG. 23
`
`|PR2018—O1473
`
`Apple Inc. EX1001 Page 13
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`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 12 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`<
`
`START I
`
`ST91
`
`TRANSMISSION
`POWER>
`THRESHOLD4
`
`YES
`I ST92
`
`
`SET 1/2 TRANSMISSION
`RATEIDOLIBLE
`
`SRREAOINO RATE)
`
`(
`
`END
`
`FIG. 24
`
`TRANSMISSION
`POWER>
`
`THRESHOLD 4
`
`8T1 02
`
`( START )
`STIII
`
`
`SET TRANSMISSION
`
`RATEISRREAOINO RATE)
`AT WHICH
`
`TRANSMISSION
`ROWER<THRESHOLO 5
`
`
`
`|PR2018—O1473
`
`Apple Inc. EX1001 Page 14
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`
`

`

`US. Patent
`
`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 13 0f 15
`
`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`RANSMISSTO
`POW ER<
`
`H R ESH 0 LD 5
`
`START
`>:< THRESHOLD 5 OORRESPONDS
`I
`8T1 11 TO DOUBLE TRANSMISSION RATE
`
`(THRESHOLD 5 >THRESHOLD 4)
`
`STHZ
`
`
`
`
`YES
`
`SET DOUBLE
`TRANSMISSION RATE
`(II2 SPREADING
`RATE)
`
`EEG. 2S
`
`Elf—7 ST121
`L—JV
` STT 23
`
`
`
`
`ST124
`
`
`
`
`NSMISSIO
`POWER>
`
`HRESHOLD
`
`SET nTH FASTEST
`TRANSMISSION RATE
`(SPREADING RATE)
`
`, ST'122
`
`>:< THRESHOLD n CORRESPONDS
`TO nTH FASTEST
`TRANSMISSION RATE
`(THRESHOLD n >THRESHOLD n+1)
`
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`6
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`HQ. 27
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 14 0f 15
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`US 6,611,676 B2
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`|PR2018—O1473
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`US. Patent
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`Aug. 26, 2003
`
`Sheet 15 0f 15
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`US 6,611,676 B2
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`I
`
`START
`
`I
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`POWER IS LOWER
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`ALLOWABLE
`TRANSMISSION
`TRANSMISSION
`
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`POWER”
`
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`|PR2018—O1473
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`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`1
`RADIO COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
`AND TRANSMISSION RATE CONTROL
`METHOD
`
`This application is a continuation of application Ser. No.
`09/424,843 filed as PCT/JP99/02077 on Apr. 19, 1997.
`
`TECHNICAL FIELD
`
`The present invention relates to a radio communication
`apparatus with a variable transmission rate and a transmis-
`sion rate control method.
`
`BACKGROUND ART
`
`radio communication apparatus is
`A conventional
`explained using a document “Performance of SIR-Based
`Transmit Power Control using Outer Loop in the forward
`Link of DS-CDMA (TECHNICAL REPORT OF IEICE
`AP96—148, EMCJ96—83, RCS96—162, MW96—188
`(1997—02).” This document describes a transmission power
`control method in CDMA. The following is an explanation
`of this description.
`In transmission power control, measurement of SIR indi-
`cating the reception quality and increment/decrement of
`transmission power are performed at every slot cycle (0.625
`ms). In this case, if the measured SIR is greater than the
`target SIR a command to reduce transmission power is sent
`to the base station (transmission side) and if the measured
`values is smaller than the target SIR a command to increase
`transmission power is sent to the base station. The base
`station increments or decrements transmission power
`according to this command.
`Furthermore,
`the base station controls the outer loop
`taking into account the fact that the target SIR to acquire the
`required quality (FER: Frame Error Rate) varies depending
`on the environment of a mobile station. To be more specific,
`FER is measured from decoded data. This FER is compared
`with the target FER in every several frames and if the
`measured value is greater, the target SIR is increased and if
`the measured value is smaller, the target SIR is reduced.
`The prior art performs transmission power control not
`only by sending a transmission power control command to
`the transmitting side based on the SIR measured by the
`mobile station but also by changing the target SIR through
`outer loop control.
`However, the prior art has the following problem. That is,
`the target SIR increases depending on the environment and
`transmission rate of the mobile station and the reception SIR
`sometimes decreases due to fading, etc. In such a case, the
`mobile station instructs the base station to increase trans-
`
`mission power to make the reception SIR come closer to the
`target SIR, considerably increasing transmission power of
`the base station to the mobile station, which is likely to
`increase interference with other mobile stations to an intol-
`
`erable degree.
`
`DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
`
`It is an objective of the present invention to provide a
`radio communication apparatus and transmission rate con-
`trol method capable of controlling transmission power of a
`base station directed to a mobile station appropriately with-
`out being affected by the environment of the mobile station
`or transmission rate.
`
`This objective is achieved by a radio communication
`apparatus and transmission rate control method that switch
`the transmission rate of a transmission signal based on
`
`2
`reception quality information from the other end of
`communication, or according to the environment of the
`other end of communication and transmit the signals at the
`switched transmission rate.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
`
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a
`base station apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the
`present invention;
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a
`communication terminal apparatus that carries out a radio
`communication with the base station apparatus according to
`the embodiment above;
`FIG. 3 is a block diagram to eXplain a desired signal
`reception power measurement method in the communication
`terminal apparatus above;
`FIG. 4 is a block diagram to eXplain a method of mea-
`suring signal-to-interference plus noise ratio in the commu-
`nication terminal apparatus above;
`FIG. 5 is a diagram to eXplain a method of signal-to-
`interference plus noise ratio in the communication terminal
`apparatus above;
`FIG. 6 is a data frame configuration diagram used in a
`communication by the base station apparatus of the present
`invention;
`FIG. 7 is another data frame configuration diagram used
`in a communication by the base station apparatus of the
`present invention;
`FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram between the base station
`apparatus and communication terminal apparatus of the
`present invention;
`FIG. 9 is another sequence diagram between the base
`station apparatus and communication terminal apparatus of
`the present invention;
`FIG. 10 is another sequence diagram between the base
`station apparatus and communication terminal apparatus of
`the present invention;
`FIG. 11 is another sequence diagram between the base
`station apparatus and communication terminal apparatus of
`the present invention;
`FIG. 12 is a flow chart to eXplain a transmission rate
`switching method in the base station apparatus according to
`the embodiment above;
`FIG. 13 is another flow chart to eXplain a transmission
`rate switching method in the base station apparatus accord-
`ing to the embodiment above;
`FIG. 14 is another flow chart to eXplain a transmission
`rate switching method in the base station apparatus accord-
`ing to the embodiment above;
`FIG. 15 is another flow chart to eXplain a transmission
`rate switching method in the base station apparatus accord-
`ing to the embodiment above;
`FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a
`base station apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the
`present invention;
`FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a
`communication terminal apparatus that carries out a radio
`communication with the base station apparatus according to
`the embodiment above;
`FIG. 18 is a block diagram to eXplain a method of
`measuring desired signal reception power in the communi-
`cation terminal apparatus above;
`FIG. 19 is a block diagram to eXplain a method of
`measuring signal-to-interference plus noise ratio in the com-
`munication terminal apparatus above;
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`US 6,611,676 B2
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`3
`FIG. 20 is a flow chart to explain a method of switching
`the transmission rate in the base station apparatus according
`to the embodiment above;
`FIG. 21 is another flow chart to explain a method of
`switching the transmission rate in the base station apparatus
`according to the embodiment above;
`FIG. 22 is another flow chart to explain a method of
`switching the transmission rate in the base station apparatus
`according to the embodiment above;
`FIG. 23 is another flow chart to explain a method of
`switching the transmission rate in the base station apparatus
`according to the embodiment above;
`FIG. 24 is another flow chart to explain a method of
`switching the transmission rate in the base station apparatus
`according to the embodiment above;
`FIG. 25 is another flow chart to explain a method of
`switching the transmission rate in the base station apparatus
`according to the embodiment above;
`FIG. 26 is another flow chart to explain a method of
`switching the transmission rate in the base station apparatus
`according to the embodiment above;
`FIG. 27 is another flow chart to explain a method of
`switching the transmission rate in the base station apparatus
`according to the embodiment above;
`FIG. 28 is a diagram to explain transmission rate control
`between layers in the base station apparatus of the present
`invention; and
`FIG. 29 is a flow chart to explain transmission rate control
`between layers in the base station apparatus of the present
`invention.
`
`BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE
`INVENTION
`
`With reference now to the attached drawings, the embodi-
`ments of the present invention are explained in detail below.
`Embodiment 1
`
`FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a
`base station apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the
`present invention. In this base station apparatus, a signal
`received from antenna 101 is sent to reception RF circuit 103
`via duplexer 102 to use a same antenna for both transmission
`and reception. At reception RF circuit 103, the reception
`signal is amplified and converted to an intermediate fre-
`quency or a baseband frequency.
`is demodulated by
`The frequency-converted signal
`demodulator 104. The demodulation result is sent to sepa-
`rator 105, where it is separated into reception data and a
`signal for transmission rate switching control.
`Transmission rate switching controller 106 sends a trans-
`mission rate switching signal to transmission frame genera-
`tor 107 based on the received control signal. The operation
`of the transmission rate switching control circuit will be
`explained later.
`Regarding transmission, the transmission data are modu-
`lated by modulator 108 and sent to transmission RF circuit
`109. Transmission RF circuit 109 converts the frequency of
`the transmission data and then amplifies it. This transmission
`signal is sent from antenna 101 via duplexer 102.
`FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a
`communication terminal apparatus that carries out a radio
`communication with the base station apparatus according to
`Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
`Asignal received from antenna 201 is sent to reception RF
`circuit 203 via duplexer 202 to use a same antenna for both
`
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`transmission and reception, where it is amplified and con-
`verted to an intermediate frequency or a baseband frequency.
`The frequency-converted signal is demodulated by demodu-
`lator 204. At the same time, the output signal of the reception
`RF circuit is sent to reception quality measurement circuit
`205, where the reception quality is measured.
`This reception quality includes, for example, received
`signal strength, desired signal reception power, signal to
`interference ratio (SIR), Signal-to-Interference plus Noise
`Ratio (hereinafter abbreviated as “SINR”). The received
`signal strength is obtained by measuring the power of
`reception RF. The use of the received signal strength makes
`the circuit configuration simplest and allows the use in an
`environment free of interference signals.
`The reception power of a desired signal is measured by
`multiplying the reception signal by a known signal. In this
`case, if an interference signal exists, using the received
`signal strength alone would end up reporting the reception
`power of the desired signal and the interference signal, and
`this would mean that the reception power of a desired signal
`required by the terminal might not always be reported.
`Therefore,
`in order to measure and report the reception
`power of the desired signal required by the terminal, it is
`desirable to use SINR as the reception quality which is the
`most reliable information as an index to determine an error
`rate characteristic.
`
`A measurement circuit for the desired signal reception
`power is shown in FIG. 3. This circuit extracts the known
`pattern component of the reception signal; complex conju-
`gate circuit 302 carries out a complex conjugate operation
`on the known pattern held by the base station; complex
`multiplication circuit 301 carries out a complex multiplica-
`tion on the known pattern component of the reception signal
`and the known pattern subjected to the complex conjugate
`operation and calculates the position of the desired reception
`signal on the complex plane (position of the black circle in
`FIG. 5); and power measurement circuit 303 measures the
`power from this calculation result.
`On the other hand, an SINR measurement circuit is shown
`in FIG. 4. This circuit extracts the known pattern component
`of the reception signal; complex conjugate circuit 402
`carries out a complex conjugate operation on the known
`pattern held by the base station; complex multiplication
`circuit 401 carries out a complex multiplication on the
`known pattern component of the reception signal and the
`known pattern subjected to the complex conjugate operation
`and calculates the position of the desired reception signal on
`the complex plane (position of the black circle in FIG. 5);
`and the power is measured from this calculation result.
`Furthermore, interference signal+noise power measurement
`circuit 404 measures interference signal power+noise power
`from a mean value of vector sum of squares between the
`position of each reception signal (position of the white circle
`in FIG. 5) and position of the desired reception signal
`(position of the black circle in FIG. 5). Furthermore, desired
`power measurement circuit 403 measures the desired power
`from the calculation result above. Then, ratio calculation
`circuit 405 calculates the ratio between the output of inter-
`ference signal+noise power measurement circuit 404 and the
`output of desired power measurement circuit 403. SINR is
`calculated from this.
`
`The reception quality measurement result calculated in
`this way is sent to multiplexing circuit 206. Multiplexing
`circuit 206 assigns the transmission data and reception
`quality measurement result to a transmission slot. Modula-
`tion circuit 207 modulates such transmission data and trans-
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`US 6,611,676 B2
`
`5
`mission RF circuit 208 converts the frequency and amplifies.
`This transmission signal
`is sent from antenna 201 via
`duplexer 202.
`Here, how the transmission rate switching information is
`reported from the communication terminal apparatus to the
`base station apparatus is explained. There are two types of
`reporting;
`reporting all
`the time and reporting on an
`as-needed basis. Since the first method performs reporting
`all the time, it can switch the transmission rate with high
`precision but the amount of communication increases.
`In the case of voice communications, voice information
`(message) is often transmitted multiplexed with control
`information in one slot as shown in FIG. 6. Therefore,
`reporting all the time is possible in voice communications or
`low-speed data communications.
`In the latter method, only a small amount of communi-
`cation is required because reporting is performed only when
`required.
`It
`is desirable to use this method for packet
`communications to realize high-speed data communications.
`In packet communications, intermittent information is sent
`in a short time. Thus, as shown in FIG. 7(a) and FIG. 7(b),
`control information is not multiplexed in a slot but a flag
`indicating whether it is a message or control information is
`used. FIG. 7(a) shows a case where a flag is set to indicate
`a message. FIG. 7(b) shows a case where a flag is set to
`indicate control information.
`
`Then, the timing for switching the transmission rate is
`explained. There are four methods of timing for switching
`the transmission rate as shown below:
`
`The first method is explained using FIG. 8. While the
`transmission terminal apparatus is measuring the reception
`quality, there are moments the reception quality deteriorates
`drastically. In a mobile communication environment, in the
`case of non-line-of-sight (non-LOS) communication called
`“shadowing”,
`for example,
`the received signal strength
`decreases drastically by 10 dB or more. While monitoring
`such a situation, reporting is made when the reception
`quality deteriorates drastically. Upon reception of this recep-
`tion quality report, the base station apparatus switches the
`transmission rate. When the reception quality improves,
`which is measured on the communication terminal side
`
`periodically or by a demand from the base station, the base
`station apparatus switches the transmission rate to the origi-
`nal transmission rate. The timing at which the reception
`quality deteriorates or improves drastically can be detected
`by performing threshold judgment on the reception quality
`such as reception field density, for example.
`Then, the second method is explained using FIG. 9. The
`base station apparatus measures the reception quality. If the
`reception quality deteriorates drastically, this can be deter-
`mined as non-LOS communication called “shadowing.”
`Shadowing is determined by the position of the antenna of
`the communication terminal apparatus and the antenna of
`the base station apparatus and not affected by differences in
`the carrier frequency. Therefore, in such a case, it is possible
`that the reception quality will also deteriorate drastically in
`the communication terminal apparatus. Thus, the base sta-
`tion apparatus sends a request for reporting the reception
`quality to the communication terminal apparatus. The com-
`munication terminal apparatus measures the reception qual-
`ity and reports it to the base station apparatus. The base
`station apparatus performs transmission rate switching con-
`trol according to the reported reception quality. When the
`reception quality improves, which is measured on the com-
`munication terminal side periodically or by a request from
`the base, the base station apparatus switches the transmis-
`
`6
`sion rate to the original transmission rate. The timing at
`which the reception quality deteriorates or improves drasti-
`cally can be detected by performing threshold judgment on
`the reception quality, for example, received signal strength.
`Then, the third method is explained using FIG. 10. If there
`is an error in the message received,
`the communication
`terminal apparatus issues a retransmission request. The base
`station apparatus sends a request for reporting the reception
`quality to the communication terminal apparatus when the
`communication terminal apparatus issues a retransmission
`request. The communication terminal apparatus measures
`the reception quality and reports it
`to the base station
`apparatus. The base station apparatus performs transmission
`rate switching control according to the reported reception
`quality. For example, if the reported reception quality mea-
`sured by the communication terminal apparatus is lower
`than a predetermined value,
`the base station apparatus
`switches the transmission rate. When the reception quality
`improves, which is measured on the communication termi-
`nal side periodically or by a demand from the base station,
`the base station apparatus switches the transmission rate to
`the original
`transmission rate. The timing at which the
`reception quality deteriorates or improves drastically can be
`detected by performing threshold judgment on the reception
`quality, for example, received signal strength.
`Then, the fourth method is explained using FIG. 11. The
`base station apparatus monitors the transmission power of
`itself. The base station apparatus controls the transmission
`power based on a transmission power control signal sent
`from the communication terminal apparatus, and if the
`quality of transmission from the base station apparatus to the
`communication terminal apparatus deteriorates, the commu-
`nication terminal apparatus requests an increase of trans-
`mission power. If this request is judged to be excessive
`transmission power taking into account the amount of inter-
`ference with others,
`the base station apparatus performs
`transmission rate switching control. Judgment of excessive
`transmission power can be performed by threshold
`judgment, for example. Moreover, if a predetermined allow-
`able amount of transmission power has been secured, then
`the base station apparatus switches the transmission rate to
`the original transmission rate. This predetermined allowable
`amount of transmission power is determined appropriately
`according to the amount of transmission rate controlled. For
`example,
`if the transmission rate is reduced to 1/2,
`the
`transmission rate is switched when at least an allowable
`amount of 3 dB has been secured.
`
`By the way, combi