10 CFR Ch. I (1–1–05 Edition)
`§ 20.1002
`piratory protective equipment could
`shall be construed as limiting actions
`that may be necessary to protect
`exceed, during the hours an individual
`health and safety.
`is present in a week, an intake of 0.6
`percent of the annual limit on intake
`(ALI) or 12 DAC-hours.
`§ 20.1002 Scope.
`Air-purifying respirator means a res-
`The regulations in this part apply to
`pirator with an air-purifying filter,
`persons licensed by the Commission to
`cartridge, or canister that removes spe-
`receive, possess, use, transfer, or dis-
`cific air contaminants by passing am-
`pose of byproduct, source, or special
`nuclear material or to operate a pro-
`bient air through the air-purifying ele-
`duction or utilization facility under
`ment.
`Parts 30 through 36, 39, 40, 50, 60, 61, 63,
`ALARA (acronym for ‘‘as low as is
`70, or 72 of this chapter, and in accord-
`reasonably achievable’’) means making
`ance with 10 CFR 76.60 to persons re-
`every reasonable effort to maintain ex-
`quired to obtain a certificate of com-
`posures to radiation as far below the
`pliance or an approved compliance plan
`dose limits in this part as is practical
`under part 76 of this chapter. The lim-
`consistent with the purpose for which
`its in this part do not apply to doses
`the licensed activity is undertaken,
`due to background radiation, to expo-
`taking into account the state of tech-
`sure of patients to radiation for the
`nology, the economics of improve-
`purpose of medical diagnosis or ther-
`ments in relation to state of tech-
`apy, to exposure from individuals ad-
`nology, the economics of improve-
`ministered radioactive material and re-
`ments in relation to benefits to the
`leased under §35.75, or to exposure from
`public health and safety, and other so-
`voluntary participation in medical re-
`cietal and socioeconomic consider-
`search programs.
`ations, and in relation to utilization of
`nuclear energy and licensed materials
`[67 FR 20370, Apr. 24, 2002; 67 FR 62872, Oct. 9,
`in the public interest.
`2002, as amended at 67 FR 77652, Dec. 19, 2002]
`Annual limit on intake (ALI) means
`the derived limit for the amount of ra-
`§ 20.1003 Definitions.
`dioactive material taken into the body
`As used in this part:
`of an adult worker by inhalation or in-
`Absorbed dose means the energy im-
`gestion in a year. ALI is the smaller
`parted by ionizing radiation per unit
`value of intake of a given radionuclide
`mass of irradiated material. The units
`in a year by the reference man that
`of absorbed dose are the rad and the
`would result in a committed effective
`gray (Gy).
`dose equivalent of 5 rems (0.05 Sv) or a
`Act means the Atomic Energy Act of
`committed dose equivalent of 50 rems
`1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.), as amended.
`(0.5 Sv) to any individual organ or tis-
`Activity is the rate of disintegration
`sue. (ALI values for intake by inges-
`(transformation) or decay of radio-
`tion and by inhalation of selected
`active material. The units of activity
`radionuclides are given in table 1, col-
`are the curie (Ci) and the becquerel
`umns 1 and 2, of appendix B to
`(Bq).
`§§20.1001–20.2401).
`Adult means an individual 18 or more
`Assigned protection factor (APF) means
`years of age.
`the expected workplace level of res-
`Airborne radioactive material means
`piratory protection that would be pro-
`radioactive material dispersed in the
`vided by a properly functioning res-
`air in the form of dusts, fumes, particu-
`pirator or a class of respirators to
`lates, mists, vapors, or gases.
`properly fitted and trained users. Oper-
`Airborne radioactivity area means a
`ationally, the inhaled concentration
`room, enclosure, or area in which air-
`can be estimated by dividing the ambi-
`borne radioactive materials, composed
`ent airborne concentration by the
`wholly or partly of licensed material,
`APF.
`exist in concentrations—
`Atmosphere-supplying respirator means
`(1) In excess of the derived air con-
`a respirator that supplies the res-
`centrations (DACs) specified in appen-
`pirator user with breathing air from a
`dix B, to §§20.1001–20.2401, or
`(2) To such a degree that an indi-
`source independent of the ambient at-
`vidual present in the area without res-
`mosphere, and includes supplied-air
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`JUBILANT EXHIBIT 1028
`Jubilant v. Bracco, IPR2018-01449
`
`

`

`§ 20.1003
`Nuclear Regulatory Commission
`respirators (SARs) and self-contained
`exposure to a specified source of radi-
`ation.
`breathing apparatus (SCBA) units.
`Commission means the Nuclear Regu-
`Background radiation means radiation
`latory Commission or its duly author-
`from cosmic sources; naturally occur-
`ized representatives.
`ring radioactive material, including
`(HT,50)
`Committed dose
`equivalent
`radon (except as a decay product of
`means the dose equivalent to organs or
`source or special nuclear material);
`tissues of reference (T) that will be re-
`and global fallout as it exists in the en-
`ceived from an intake of radioactive
`vironment from the testing of nuclear
`material by an individual during the
`explosive devices or from past nuclear
`50-year period following the intake.
`accidents such as Chernobyl that con-
`Committed effective dose equivalent
`tribute to background radiation and
`(HE,50) is the sum of the products of the
`are not under the control of the li-
`weighting factors applicable to each of
`censee.
`‘‘Background radiation’’ does
`the body organs or tissues that are ir-
`not include radiation from source, by-
`radiated and the committed dose
`product, or special nuclear materials
`equivalent to these organs or tissues
`regulated by the Commission.
`(HE,50 = S wT HT,50).
`Bioassay (radiobioassay) means the
`Constraint (dose constraint) means a
`determination of kinds, quantities or
`value above which specified licensee
`concentrations, and, in some cases, the
`actions are required.
`locations of radioactive material in the
`Controlled area means an area, out-
`human body, whether by direct meas-
`side of a restricted area but inside the
`urement (in vivo counting) or by anal-
`site boundary, access to which can be
`ysis and evaluation of materials ex-
`limited by the licensee for any reason.
`creted or removed from the human
`Critical Group means the group of in-
`body.
`dividuals reasonably expected to re-
`Byproduct material means—
`ceive the greatest exposure to residual
`(1) Any radioactive material (except
`radioactivity for any applicable set of
`special nuclear material) yielded in, or
`circumstances.
`made radioactive by, exposure to the
`Declared pregnant woman means a
`radiation incident to the process of
`woman who has voluntarily informed
`producing or utilizing special nuclear
`the licensee, in writing, of her preg-
`material; and
`nancy and the estimated date of con-
`(2) The tailings or wastes produced
`ception. The declaration remains in ef-
`by the extraction or concentration of
`fect until the declared pregnant woman
`uranium or thorium from ore processed
`withdraws the declaration in writing or
`primarily for its source material con-
`is no longer pregnant.
`tent, including discrete surface wastes
`Decommission means to remove a fa-
`resulting from uranium solution ex-
`cility or site safely from service and
`traction processes. Underground ore
`reduce residual radioactivity to a level
`bodies depleted by these solution ex-
`that permits—
`traction operations do not constitute
`(1) Release of the property for unre-
`‘‘byproduct material’’ within this defi-
`stricted use and termination of the li-
`nition.
`cense; or
`Class (or lung class or inhalation class)
`(2) Release of the property under re-
`means a classification scheme for in-
`stricted conditions and the termi-
`haled material according to its rate of
`nation of the license.
`clearance from the pulmonary region
`Deep-dose equivalent (Hd), which ap-
`of the lung. Materials are classified as
`plies to external whole-body exposure,
`D, W, or Y, which applies to a range of
`is the dose equivalent at a tissue depth
`clearance half-times: for Class D (Days)
`of 1 cm (1000 mg/cm2).
`of less than 10 days, for Class W
`Demand respirator means an atmos-
`(Weeks) from 10 to 100 days, and for
`phere-supplying respirator that admits
`Class Y (Years) of greater than 100
`breathing air to the facepiece only
`days.
`when a negative pressure is created in-
`Collective dose is the sum of the indi-
`side the facepiece by inhalation.
`vidual doses received in a given period
`Department means the Department of
`of time by a specified population from
`Energy established by the Department
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`

`10 CFR Ch. I (1–1–05 Edition)
`§ 20.1003
`Dose or radiation dose is a generic
`of Energy Organization Act (Pub. L. 95–
`91, 91 Stat. 565, 42 U.S.C. 7101 et seq.) to
`term that means absorbed dose, dose
`the extent that the Department, or its
`equivalent, effective dose equivalent,
`duly authorized representatives, exer-
`committed dose equivalent, committed
`cises functions formerly vested in the
`effective dose equivalent, or total ef-
`U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, its
`fective dose equivalent, as defined in
`Chairman, members, officers, and com-
`other paragraphs of this section.
`ponents and transferred to the U.S. En-
`Dose equivalent (HT) means the prod-
`ergy Research and Development Ad-
`uct of the absorbed dose in tissue, qual-
`ministration and to the Administrator
`ity factor, and all other necessary
`thereof pursuant to sections 104 (b), (c),
`modifying factors at the location of in-
`and (d) of the Energy Reorganization
`terest. The units of dose equivalent are
`Act of 1974 (Pub. L. 93–438, 88 Stat. 1233
`the rem and sievert (Sv).
`at 1237, 42 U.S.C. 5814) and retransferred
`Dosimetry processor means an indi-
`to the Secretary of Energy pursuant to
`vidual or organization that processes
`section 301(a) of the Department of En-
`and evaluates individual monitoring
`ergy Organization Act (Pub. L. 95–91, 91
`equipment in order to determine the
`Stat 565 at 577–578, 42 U.S.C. 7151).
`radiation dose delivered to the equip-
`Derived air concentration (DAC) means
`ment.
`the concentration of a given radio-
`Effective dose equivalent (HE) is the
`nuclide in air which, if breathed by the
`sum of the products of the dose equiva-
`reference man for a working year of
`lent to the organ or tissue (HT) and the
`2,000 hours under conditions of light
`weighting factors (wT) applicable to
`work (inhalation rate 1.2 cubic meters
`each of the body organs or tissues that
`of air per hour), results in an intake of
`are irradiated (HE = S wT HT).
`one ALI. DAC values are given in table
`Embryo/fetus means the developing
`1, column 3, of appendix B to §§20.1001–
`human organism from conception until
`20.2401.
`the time of birth.
`Derived air concentration-hour (DAC-
`Entrance or access point means any lo-
`hour) is the product of the concentra-
`cation through which an individual
`tion of radioactive material in air (ex-
`could gain access to radiation areas or
`pressed as a fraction or multiple of the
`to radioactive materials. This includes
`derived air concentration for each
`entry or exit portals of sufficient size
`radionuclide) and the time of exposure
`to permit human entry, irrespective of
`to that radionuclide, in hours. A li-
`their intended use.
`censee may take 2,000 DAC-hours to
`Exposure means being exposed to ion-
`represent one ALI, equivalent to a
`izing radiation or to radioactive mate-
`committed effective dose equivalent of
`rial.
`5 rems (0.05 Sv).
`External dose means that portion of
`Disposable respirator means a res-
`the dose equivalent received from radi-
`pirator for which maintenance is not
`ation sources outside the body.
`intended and that is designed to be dis-
`Extremity means hand, elbow, arm
`carded after excessive breathing resist-
`below the elbow, foot, knee, or leg
`ance, sorbent exhaustion, physical
`below the knee.
`damage, or end-of-service-life renders
`Filtering facepiece (dust mask) means a
`it unsuitable for use. Examples of this
`negative pressure particulate
`res-
`type of respirator are a disposable half-
`pirator with a filter as an integral part
`mask respirator or a disposable escape-
`of the facepiece or with the entire face-
`only self-contained breathing appa-
`piece composed of the filtering me-
`ratus (SCBA).
`dium, not equipped with elastomeric
`Distinguishable
`from
`background
`sealing surfaces and adjustable straps.
`means that the detectable concentra-
`tion of a radionuclide is statistically
`Fit factor means a quantitative esti-
`different from the background con-
`mate of the fit of a particular res-
`centration of that radionuclide in the
`pirator to a specific individual, and
`vicinity of the site or, in the case of
`typically estimates the ratio of the
`structures, in similar materials using
`concentration of a substance in ambi-
`adequate measurement
`technology,
`ent air to its concentration inside the
`survey, and statistical techniques.
`respirator when worn.
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`

`§ 20.1003
`Nuclear Regulatory Commission
`devices designed to be worn by a single
`Fit test means the use of a protocol to
`individual for the assessment of dose
`qualitatively or quantitatively evalu-
`equivalent
`such as
`film badges,
`ate the fit of a respirator on an indi-
`thermoluminescence
`dosimeters
`vidual.
`(TLDs), pocket ionization chambers,
`Generally applicable environmental ra-
`and personal (‘‘lapel’’) air sampling de-
`standards means
`standards
`diation
`vices.
`issued by the Environmental Protec-
`Internal dose means that portion of
`tion Agency (EPA) under the authority
`the dose equivalent received from ra-
`of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as
`dioactive material taken into the body.
`amended, that impose limits on radi-
`Lens dose equivalent (LDE) applies to
`ation exposures or levels, or concentra-
`the external exposure of the lens of the
`tions or quantities of radioactive mate-
`eye and is taken as the dose equivalent
`rial, in the general environment out-
`at a tissue depth of 0.3 centimeter (300
`side the boundaries of locations under
`mg/cm2).
`the control of persons possessing or
`using radioactive material.
`License means a license issued under
`Government agency means any execu-
`the regulations in parts 30 through 36,
`tive department, commission, inde-
`39, 40, 50, 60, 61, 63, 70, or 72 of this chap-
`pendent establishment, corporation
`ter.
`wholly or partly owned by the United
`Licensed material means source mate-
`States of America, which is an instru-
`rial, special nuclear material, or by-
`mentality of the United States, or any
`product material received, possessed,
`board, bureau, division, service, office,
`used, transferred or disposed of under a
`officer, authority, administration, or
`general or specific license issued by the
`other establishment in the executive
`Commission.
`branch of the Government.
`Licensee means the holder of a li-
`Gray [See §20.1004].
`cense.
`Helmet means a rigid respiratory
`Limits (dose limits) means the per-
`inlet covering that also provides head
`missible upper bounds of radiation
`protection against impact and penetra-
`doses.
`tion.
`Loose-fitting facepiece means a res-
`High radiation area means an area, ac-
`piratory inlet covering that is designed
`cessible to individuals, in which radi-
`to form a partial seal with the face.
`ation levels from radiation sources ex-
`Lost or missing licensed material means
`ternal to the body could result in an
`licensed material whose location is un-
`individual receiving a dose equivalent
`known. It includes material that has
`in excess of 0.1 rem (1 mSv) in 1 hour at
`been shipped but has not reached its
`30 centimeters
`from the radiation
`destination and whose location cannot
`source or 30 centimeters from any sur-
`be readily traced in the transportation
`face that the radiation penetrates.
`system.
`Hood means a respiratory inlet cov-
`Member of the public means any indi-
`ering that completely covers the head
`vidual except when that individual is
`and neck and may also cover portions
`receiving an occupational dose.
`of the shoulders and torso.
`Minor means an individual less than
`Individual means any human being.
`18 years of age.
`Individual monitoring means—
`Monitoring (radiation monitoring, ra-
`(1) The assessment of dose equivalent
`diation protection monitoring) means
`by the use of devices designed to be
`the measurement of radiation levels,
`worn by an individual;
`concentrations, surface area concentra-
`(2) The assessment of committed ef-
`tions or quantities of radioactive mate-
`fective dose equivalent by bioassay (see
`rial and the use of the results of these
`Bioassay) or by determination of the
`measurements to evaluate potential
`time-weighted air concentrations to
`exposures and doses.
`which an individual has been exposed,
`Negative pressure respirator (tight fit-
`i.e., DAC-hours; or
`ting) means a respirator in which the
`(3) The assessment of dose equivalent
`air pressure inside the facepiece is neg-
`by the use of survey data.
`ative during inhalation with respect to
`Individual monitoring devices (indi-
`the ambient air pressure outside the
`vidual monitoring equipment) means
`respirator.
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`

`10 CFR Ch. I (1–1–05 Edition)
`§ 20.1003
`Positive pressure respirator means a
`Nonstochastic effect means health ef-
`respirator in which the pressure inside
`fects, the severity of which varies with
`the respiratory inlet covering exceeds
`the dose and for which a threshold is
`the ambient air pressure outside the
`believed to exist. Radiation-induced
`respirator.
`cataract formation is an example of a
`nonstochastic effect (also called a de-
`Powered
`air-purifying
`respirator
`(PAPR) means an air-purifying res-
`terministic effect).
`pirator that uses a blower to force the
`NRC means the Nuclear Regulatory
`ambient air through air-purifying ele-
`Commission or its duly authorized rep-
`ments to the inlet covering.
`resentatives.
`Pressure demand respirator means a
`Occupational dose means the dose re-
`positive pressure atmosphere-supplying
`ceived by an individual in the course of
`respirator that admits breathing air to
`employment in which the individual’s
`the facepiece when the positive pres-
`assigned duties involve exposure to ra-
`sure is reduced inside the facepiece by
`diation or to radioactive material from
`inhalation.
`licensed and unlicensed sources of radi-
`Public dose means the dose received
`ation, whether in the possession of the
`by a member of the public from expo-
`licensee or other person. Occupational
`sure to radiation or to radioactive ma-
`dose does not include doses received
`terial released by a licensee, or to any
`from background radiation, from any
`other source of radiation under the
`medical administration the individual
`control of a licensee. Public dose does
`has received, from exposure to individ-
`not include occupational dose or doses
`uals administered radioactive material
`received from background radiation,
`and released under §35.75, from vol-
`from any medical administration the
`untary participation in medical re-
`individual has received, from exposure
`search programs, or as a member of the
`to individuals administered radioactive
`public.
`material and released under §35.75, or
`Person means—
`from voluntary participation in med-
`(1) Any individual, corporation, part-
`ical research programs.
`nership, firm, association, trust, es-
`Qualitative fit test (QLFT) means a
`tate, public or private institution,
`pass/fail fit test to assess the adequacy
`group, Government agency other than
`of respirator fit that relies on the indi-
`the Commission or the Department of
`vidual’s response to the test agent.
`Energy (except that the Department
`Quality Factor (Q) means the modi-
`shall be considered a person within the
`fying factor (listed in tables 1004(b).1
`meaning of the regulations in 10 CFR
`and 1004(b).2 of §20.1004) that is used to
`chapter I to the extent that its facili-
`derive dose equivalent from absorbed
`ties and activities are subject to the li-
`dose.
`censing and related regulatory author-
`Quantitative fit test (QNFT) means an
`ity of the Commission under section
`assessment of the adequacy of res-
`202 of the Energy Reorganization Act
`pirator fit by numerically measuring
`of 1974 (88 Stat. 1244), the Uranium Mill
`the amount of leakage into the res-
`Tailings Radiation Control Act of 1978
`pirator.
`(92 Stat. 3021), the Nuclear Waste Pol-
`Quarter means a period of time equal
`icy Act of 1982 (96 Stat. 2201), and sec-
`to one-fourth of the year observed by
`tion 3(b)(2) of the Low-Level Radio-
`the
`licensee
`(approximately
`13
`active Waste Policy Amendments Act
`consective weeks), providing that the
`of 1985 (99 Stat. 1842)), any State or any
`beginning of the first quarter in a year
`political subdivision of or any political
`coincides with the starting date of the
`entity within a State, any foreign gov-
`year and that no day is omitted or du-
`ernment or nation or any political sub-
`plicated in consecutive quarters.
`division of any such government or na-
`Rad (See §20.1004).
`tion, or other entity; and
`Radiation (ionizing radiation) means
`(2) Any legal successor, representa-
`alpha particles, beta particles, gamma
`tive, agent, or agency of the foregoing.
`rays, x-rays, neutrons, high-speed elec-
`Planned special exposure means an in-
`trons, high-speed protons, and other
`frequent exposure to radiation, sepa-
`rate from and in addition to the annual
`particles capable of producing ions. Ra-
`diation, as used in this part, does not
`dose limits.
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`§ 20.1003
`Nuclear Regulatory Commission
`include non-ionizing radiation, such as
`ing air source is designed to be carried
`by the user.
`radio- or microwaves, or visible, infra-
`Shallow-dose equivalent (Hs), which ap-
`red, or ultraviolet light.
`plies to the external exposure of the
`Radiation area means an area, acces-
`skin of the whole body or the skin of
`sible to individuals, in which radiation
`an extremity, is taken as the dose
`levels could result in an individual re-
`equivalent at a tissue depth of 0.007
`ceiving a dose equivalent in excess of
`centimeter (7 mg/cm2).
`0.005 rem (0.05 mSv) in 1 hour at 30 cen-
`Site boundary means that line beyond
`timeters from the radiation source or
`which the land or property is not
`from any surface that the radiation
`owned, leased, or otherwise controlled
`penetrates.
`by the licensee.
`Reference man means a hypothetical
`Source material means—
`aggregation of human physical and
`(1) Uranium or thorium or any com-
`physiological characteristics arrived at
`bination of uranium and thorium in
`by
`international consensus. These
`any physical or chemical form; or
`characteristics may be used by re-
`(2) Ores that contain, by weight, one-
`searchers and public health workers to
`twentieth of 1 percent (0.05 percent), or
`standardize results of experiments and
`more, of uranium, thorium, or any
`to relate biological insult to a common
`combination of uranium and thorium.
`base.
`Source material does not include spe-
`Rem (See §20.1004).
`cial nuclear material.
`Residual radioactivity means radioac-
`Special nuclear material means—
`tivity in structures, materials, soils,
`(1) Plutonium, uranium-233, uranium
`groundwater, and other media at a site
`enriched in the isotope 233 or in the
`resulting from activities under the li-
`isotope 235, and any other material
`censee’s control. This includes radioac-
`that the Commission, pursuant to the
`tivity from all licensed and unlicensed
`provisions of section 51 of the Act, de-
`sources used by the licensee, but ex-
`termines to be special nuclear mate-
`cludes background radiation. It also in-
`rial, but does not include source mate-
`cludes radioactive materials remaining
`rial; or
`at the site as a result of routine or ac-
`(2) Any material artificially enriched
`cidental releases of radioactive mate-
`by any of the foregoing but does not in-
`rial at the site and previous burials at
`clude source material.
`the site, even if those burials were
`Stochastic effects means health effects
`made in accordance with the provisions
`that occur randomly and for which the
`of 10 CFR part 20.
`probability of the effect occurring,
`Respiratory protective device means an
`rather than its severity, is assumed to
`apparatus, such as a respirator, used to
`be a linear function of dose without
`reduce the individual’s intake of air-
`threshold. Hereditary effects and can-
`borne radioactive materials.
`cer
`incidence
`are
`examples
`of
`Restricted area means an area, access
`stochastic effects.
`to which is limited by the licensee for
`Supplied-air respirator (SAR) or airline
`the purpose of protecting individuals
`respirator means an atmosphere-sup-
`against undue risks from exposure to
`plying respirator for which the source
`radiation and radioactive materials.
`of breathing air is not designed to be
`Restricted area does not include areas
`carried by the user.
`used as residential quarters, but sepa-
`Survey means an evalulation of the
`rate rooms in a residential building
`radiological conditions and potential
`may be set apart as a restricted area.
`hazards incident to the production,
`Sanitary sewerage means a system of
`use, transfer, release, disposal, or pres-
`public sewers for carrying off waste
`ence of radioactive material or other
`water and refuse, but excluding sewage
`sources of radiation. When appropriate,
`treatment facilities, septic tanks, and
`such an evaluation includes a physical
`leach fields owned or operated by the
`survey of the location of radioactive
`licensee.
`material and measurements or calcula-
`tions of levels of radiation, or con-
`Self-contained
`breathing apparatus
`(SCBA) means an atmosphere-sup-
`centrations or quantities of radioactive
`plying respirator for which the breath-
`material present.
`323
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`10 CFR Ch. I (1–1–05 Edition)
`
`ORGAN DOSE WEIGHTING FACTORS
`
`Organ or tissue
`
`Gonads ......................................................................
`Breast
`........................................................................
`Red bone marrow ......................................................
`Lung ...........................................................................
`Thyroid .......................................................................
`Bone surfaces ............................................................
`Remainder .................................................................
`Whole Body ...............................................................
`
`wT
`
`0.25
`0.15
`0.12
`0.12
`0.03
`0.03
`1 0.30
`2 1.00
`
`1 0.30 results from 0.06 for each of 5 ‘‘remainder’’ organs
`(excluding the skin and the lens of the eye) that receive the
`highest doses.
`2 For the purpose of weighting the external whole body
`dose (for adding it to the internal dose), a single weighting
`factor, wT=1.0, has been specified. The use of other weighting
`factors for external exposure will be approved on a case-by-
`case basis until such time as specific guidance is issued.
`
`§ 20.1004
`Tight-fitting facepiece means a res-
`piratory inlet covering that forms a
`complete seal with the face.
`Total Effective Dose Equivalent (TEDE)
`means the sum of the deep-dose equiva-
`lent (for external exposures) and the
`committed effective dose equivalent
`(for internal exposures).
`Unrestricted area means an area, ac-
`cess to which is neither limited nor
`controlled by the licensee.
`Uranium fuel cycle means the oper-
`ations of milling of uranium ore, chem-
`ical conversion of uranium, isotopic
`enrichment of uranium, fabrication of
`uranium fuel, generation of electricity
`Whole body means, for purposes of ex-
`by a light-water-cooled nuclear power
`ternal exposure, head, trunk (including
`plant using uranium fuel, and reproc-
`male gonads), arms above the elbow, or
`essing of spent uranium fuel to the ex-
`legs above the knee.
`tent that these activities directly sup-
`Working level (WL) is any combina-
`port the production of electrical power
`tion of short-lived radon daughters (for
`for public use. Uranium fuel cycle does
`radon-222: polonium-218, lead-214, bis-
`not include mining operations, oper-
`muth-214, and polonium-214; and for
`ations at waste disposal sites, trans-
`radon-220: polonium-216, lead-212, bis-
`portation of radioactive material in
`muth-212, and polonium-212) in 1 liter
`support of these operations, and the
`of air that will result in the ultimate
`reuse of recovered non-uranium special
`emission of 1.3×105 MeV of potential
`nuclear and byproduct materials from
`alpha particle energy.
`the cycle.
`Working level month (WLM) means an
`User seal check (fit check) means an
`exposure to 1 working level for 170
`action conducted by the respirator user
`hours (2,000 working hours per year/12
`to determine if the respirator is prop-
`months per year=approximately 170
`erly seated to the face. Examples in-
`hours per month).
`clude negative pressure check, positive
`Year means the period of time begin-
`pressure check, irritant smoke check,
`ning in January used to determine
`or isoamyl acetate check.
`compliance with the provisions of this
`Very high radiation area means an
`part. The licensee may change the
`area, accessible to
`individuals,
`in
`starting date of the year used to deter-
`which radiation levels from radiation
`mine compliance by the licensee pro-
`sources external to the body could re-
`vided that the change is made at the
`sult in an individual receiving an ab-
`beginning of the year and that no day
`sorbed dose in excess of 500 rads (5
`is omitted or duplicated in consecutive
`grays) in 1 hour at 1 meter from a radi-
`years.
`ation source or 1 meter from any sur-
`[56 FR 23391, May 21, 1991, as amended at 57
`face that the radiation penetrates.
`FR 57878, Dec. 8, 1992; 58 FR 7736, Feb. 9, 1993;
`NOTE: At very high doses received at high
`60 FR 36043, July 13, 1995; 60 FR 48625, Sept.
`dose rates, units of absorbed dose (e.g., rads
`20, 1995; 61 FR 65127, Dec. 10, 1996; 62 FR 4133,
`and grays) are appropriate, rather than units
`Jan. 29, 1997; 62 FR 39087, July 21, 1997; 63 FR
`of dose equivalent (e.g., rems and sieverts)).
`39481, July 23, 1998; 64 FR 54556, Oct. 7, 1999;
`Week means 7 consecutive days start-
`66 FR 55789, Nov. 2, 2001; 67 FR 16304, Apr. 5,
`ing on Sunday.
`2002; 67 FR 20370, Apr. 24, 2002; 67 FR 62872,
`Weighting factor wT, for an organ or
`Oct. 9, 2002]
`tissue (T) is the proportion of the risk
`of stochastic effects resulting from ir-
`§ 20.1004 Units of radiation dose.
`(a) Definitions. As used in this part,
`radiation of that organ or tissue to the
`the units of radiation dose are:
`total risk of stochastic effects when
`Gray (Gy) is the SI unit of absorbed
`the whole body is irradiated uniformly.
`dose. One gray is equal to an absorbed
`For calculating the effective dose
`dose of 1 Joule/kilogram (100 rads).
`equivalent, the values of wT are:
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