a2) United States Patent
`Steinacker
`
`(10) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 7,279,943 B2
`Oct. 9, 2007
`
`US007279943B2
`
`5,703,510 A
`(54) CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT RECEIVING
`12/1997 Iketani et al. wo... 327/143
`
`DIFFERENT SUPPLY VOLTAGES 8/2000Smithoe 327/1436,097,225 A
`
`
`4/2001 Morrill ..... ee. 327/143
`6,215,342 BL*
`6,469,552 B2
`10/2002 Ohbayashi etal. ww. 327/143
`6,472,747 B2
`10/2002 Bazarjanietal.
`6,621,328 B2*
`9/2003 Koike et al. oe. 327/540
`7,049,865 B2*
`5/2006 Parker et ale
`.sccsssssees 327/143
`
`(75)
`Inventor: Ulrich Steinacker, Putzbrunn (DE)
`:
`:
`.
`:
`(73) Assignee: on Technologies, AG, Neubiberg
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis
`Notice:
`(*)
`
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35 0 482 661 A2=4/1992EP
`
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 38 days.
`i cived by examiiaey
`Appl. No.: 11/249,810
`Primary Examiner—Kenmneth B. Wells
`.
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Hdell, Shapiro & Finnan,
`Filed:
`LLC
`
`(21)
`
`(22)
`
`
`
`Oct. 13, 2005
`
`(65
`
`Prior Publication Data
`US 2006/0082396 Al
`Apr. 20, 2006
`
`Foreign Application Priority Data
`(30
`Oct. 13, 2004
`(DE) wee 10 2004 049 744
`51)
`Int. Cl
`1031 700
`006.01
`(
`;
`(
`Ol)
`(52 US. Gl. weseasesssevenssoversseernesernes 327/143; 327/198
`Field of Classification Search ................ 327/143,
`(58)
`. 327/198
`See application file for complete search history.
`References Cited
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
`
`(56
`
`4,300,065 A
`5,214,316 A
`5,392,205 A
`
`11/1981 Remedi et al. 0... 327/436
`5/1993 Nagai
`2/1995 Zavaleta
`
`(SSS SSs SSS sSS5
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`,
`,
`(1) has a first circuit block (2)
`A circuit arrangement
`operating at a first supply voltage and a secondcircuit block
`(3) operating at a second supply voltage. The first circuit
`block (2) is coupled to the secondcircuit block (3) by a
`voltage level shifting unit (4) in order to transmit a first
`activation or deactivation signal to the second circuit block
`(3).
`It
`likewise has a voltage level detector (5) which
`operates at the second supply voltage and is coupled to the
`voltage level shifting unit (4) and which can be supplied
`with the first supply voltage, and which is set up such that
`it outputs a first control signal if the voltagelevel of the first
`supply voltage is below a threshold value. The voltage level
`shifting unit (4) transmits thefirst deactivation signal to the
`second circuit block (3) when the voltage level detector (5)
`outputs the first control signal.
`
`20 Claims, 3 Drawing Sheets
`
`
`
`
`
`seenemenseaneeennne
`
`
`
`Voltage Level
`Shifting Unit
`
`
`
`
`
`econd
`
`
`
`Circuit
`Voltage Level
`Block
`Shifting Unit 7
`
`First
`
`
`Circuit
`Third
`
`Block
`
`
`Circuit
`
`Voltage Level
`Block
`
`Shifting Unit |
`
`
`
`
`1
`
`APPLE 1005
`
`APPLE 1005
`
`1
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 9, 2007
`
`Sheet 1 of 3
`
`US 7,279,943 B2
`
` «
`
`Shifting Unit
`
` Voltage Level
`
`
`Block Voltage Level
`
`
`Circuit
`
`
`
`Block
`
`Shifting Unit
`
`econd
`
`ird
`
`Circuit
`Voltage Level
`
`Shifting Unit
`
`
`2
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 9, 2007
`
`Sheet 2 of 3
`
`US 7,279,943 B2
`
`25
`
`22
`
`23
`
`14
`}
`26
`
`FIG 2
`
`15
`
`~~»
`
`o—
`
`16
`
`18
`
`19
`
`20
`
`| |
`
`|
`
`:
`13
`hE
`>
`17
`
`3
`
`

`

`U.S. Patent
`
`Oct. 9, 2007
`
`Sheet 3 of 3
`
`US 7,279,943 B2
`
`HG 3
`
`
`
`FIG 4
`
`4
`
`
`

`

`US 7,279,943 B2
`
`1
`CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT RECEIVING
`DIFFERENT SUPPLY VOLTAGES
`
`CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED
`APPLICATIONS
`
`This application claims foreign priority to Germany
`Application Number 10 2004 049 744.3 which was filed
`Oct. 13, 2004, and is herein incorporated by referenceinits
`entirety.
`
`TECHNICAL FIELD
`
`The invention relates to a circuit arrangement.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`5
`
`10
`
`15
`
`2
`voltages for the two circuit blocks have reached a respective
`sufficiently high voltage level.
`To ensure reliable operation of the circuit arrangement, a
`reset signal for the first circuit block therefore cannot appear
`until after a certain waiting period. However, determining
`the waiting period requires a well-defined order for turning
`on the supply voltage as well as a well-knowntimeprofile
`for the voltage levels when turning on the supply voltage.
`This cannot always be ensured.
`
`SUMMARY
`
`The invention is based on the problem of providing a
`circuit arrangement having at least two circuit blocks oper-
`ated at different supply voltages which is able to ensure
`reliable operation of the circuit arrangement regardless of
`turn-on profiles for the different supply voltages in the
`circuit blocks.
`
`In communications technology, particularly in mobile
`radio technology, a circuit arrangement frequently has two
`The circuit arrangementhasafirst circuit block operating
`circuit blocks which operate at two different supply voltages.
`“
`at a first supply voltage and a secondcircuit block operating
`Such a circuit arrangement is a “mixed signal” circuit, for
`at a second supply voltage. The first circuit block is con-
`example, which has at least one analogue circuit block and
`nected to the secondcircuit block via a voltage level shifting
`at least one digital circuit block. These circuit blocks are
`unit in order to transmit a first activation or deactivation
`often integrated in a single semiconductor component. The
`mixed-signal circuit usually requires two supply voltagesat
`different levels, because the analogue circuit block normally
`operates at a higher supply voltage in comparison with the
`digital circuit block.
`When the supply voltage for a digital circuit block is
`turned on, an output signal from a logic gate which the
`circuit block contains, for example a multivibrator or flip-
`flop,
`takes a random logic value. The output signal
`is
`initially therefore randomly set at the logic value “1”, which
`usually corresponds to a high voltage level, or at the logic
`value “0”, which usually corresponds to a low voltagelevel.
`Asa result, it is necessary to put the logic gate in the circuit
`block into a desired or stipulated initial state using a reset
`signal. The predetermined initial
`state ensures reliable
`operation for the digital circuit block.
`Theresetto an initial state is also called “power-onreset”.
`Normally, the reset signal is triggered when, during a turn-on
`operation, the voltage level of a rising supply voltage has
`reached or exceeded a particular threshold value. Such a
`power-onreset is likewise necessary when the supply volt-
`age has dropped below the threshold value for a certain
`period. In this case, reliable operation of the circuit block is
`no longer ensured.
`The factthat the circuit blocks operate at different supply
`voltages and that the supply voltages can be turned on and
`off independently of one another meansthat reliable opera-
`tion of the circuit arrangementis not always ensured. Thisis
`the case particularly when a first circuit block actuates
`operation of a second circuit block. In a mixed-signal circuit,
`the analogue circuit block is started up, i.e. activated, and
`turned off, or deactivated, by the digital circuit block.
`There is a possible operating state for the circuit arrange-
`ment in which the second circuit block is already supplied
`with a supply voltage which is sufficient for operation,
`whereas the operation ofthe first circuit block is not reliably
`ensured because the voltage level of the corresponding
`supply voltage is still
`too low. On the other hand,
`the
`situation may arise in whichthefirst circuit block is already
`operating reliably, whereas an excessively low voltage level
`of the supply voltage is being applied to the second circuit
`block. This meansthat it is necessary when starting up the
`entire circuit arrangement to wait until the various supply
`
`25
`
`40
`
`50
`
`signal to the second circuit block. The circuit arrangement
`likewise has a voltage level detector which operates at the
`second supply voltage and is coupled to the voltage level
`shifting unit and which is supplied with the first supply
`voltage, and which is designed such that it outputs a first
`control signalif the voltage level of the first supply voltage
`is below a threshold value. The voltage level shifting unit is
`designed such thatit transmits the first deactivation signal to
`the second circuit block when the voltage level detector
`outputs the first control signal.
`A basic concept behind the invention is that the second
`circuit block is deactivated whenthefirst supply voltage is
`still too low in order to ensure safe operation of the first
`circuit block. Incorrect output signals from thefirst circuit
`block are thus not processed by the second circuit block.
`Only when the first supply voltage is above the threshold
`value is it possible for the secondcircuit block to be actuated
`by the first circuit block. Reliable operation of the circuit
`arrangement is ensured.
`In one development, the circuit arrangement has a reset
`unit which operatesatthe first supply voltage and is coupled
`to the first circuit block. The reset unit is set up such that
`whenthefirst supply voltage is turned onit transmits a reset
`signal in order to put the first circuit block into a defined
`initial state. The reset unit ensures that a logic gate situated
`in the first circuit block has a defined initial state after the
`first circuit block has been turned on. In addition, there is the
`assurancethat thefirst supply voltage has already reached a
`voltage level which is high enough to ensure safe operation
`of the first circuit block.
`
`In an additional development, the voltage level detector is
`coupledto the first circuit block via a second voltage level
`shifting unit in order to put the first circuit block into a
`defined initial state when the first control signal is present.
`In one refinement, the circuit arrangement has a means
`which is coupled to the reset unit and to the voltage level
`detector and which supplies the reset signal or the first
`control signal to the first circuit block.
`Supplying the reset signal and the first control signal
`ensuresthat thefirst circuit block is put into a defined initial
`state regardless of the order in which thefirst circuit block
`and the second block are turned on. Since thefirst circuit
`
`60
`
`65
`
`5
`
`

`

`US 7,279,943 B2
`
`3
`block is designed to activate or deactivate the second circuit
`block, reliable operation of the circuit arrangement can be
`ensured on the whole.
`
`In one refinement, the reset unit comprises a threshold
`value detector and a delay element. Using the threshold
`value detector, the reset unit produces a signal whenthefirst
`supply voltage is higher than the threshold value. This signal
`is delayed by the delay element and is output to the first
`circuit block. The first circuit block receives the reset signal
`only when, during a tum-on operation for the circuit
`arrangement, the first supply voltage is sufficiently high to
`ensure reliable operation of the first circuit block. Delaying
`the reset signal is advantageousparticularly for slow turn-on
`profiles.
`In a further refinement, the threshold value detector is set
`up such that its drawn current is essentially zero when the
`voltage level of the first supply voltage is above the thresh-
`old value. This meansthat the reset unit does not draw any
`current after the first circuit block is started up. This is
`advantageousparticularly for circuit arrangements with lim-
`ited current resources, such as in the case of mobile elec-
`tronic appliances.
`In one development, the first circuit block is a digital
`circuit block. This comprises a hardwired logic switching
`mechanism in one development. Alternatively, it comprises
`a programmable logic switching mechanism,particularly a
`digital signal processor or DSP.
`The second switching block usually has an analogue
`circuit. This typically comprises one of the following ana-
`logue circuits:
`a voltage-controlled oscillator or VCO,
`a phase locked loop or PLL,
`acircuit for modulating and/or demodulating an analogue
`signal, and/or
`an amplifier circuit.
`In one development, the circuit arrangement hasat least
`onethird circuit block operating at a second supply voltage.
`Thefirst circuit block is connected to the third circuit block
`via a second voltage level shifting unit in order to transmit
`a second activation or deactivation signal to the third circuit
`block. The second voltage level shifting unit is coupled to
`the voltage level detector. The second voltage level shifting
`unit transmits a second deactivation signal to the third circuit
`block when the voltage level detector outputs the first
`control signal.
`Advantageously, the second circuit block and the third
`circuit block, which are operated at the second supply
`voltage, can be activated or deactivated independently of
`one another by the first circuit block. This developmentis
`therefore found to be particularly advantageous in a circuit
`arrangement with a limited resource for the second supply
`voltage, for example a battery or a storage battery.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`10
`
`15
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`The invention is explained in more detail below using an
`exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings, in
`which:
`
`60
`
`FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary
`embodimentofa circuit arrangementbased on the invention,
`FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a voltage level
`shifting unit,
`FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a reset unit, and
`FIG. 4 showsa schematic illustration of a delay element.
`
`65
`
`4
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`FIG. 1 shows the schematic illustration of an exemplary
`embodiment of a circuit arrangement 1 (shown in dashes)
`based on the invention. The circuit arrangement1 hasa first
`supply voltage domain 1.1 and a second supply voltage
`domain 1.2. Logic gates in the circuit arrangement 1 which
`are arranged in the first supply voltage domain 1.1 are
`supplied with a first supply voltage. Logic gates in the circuit
`arrangement 1 which are arranged in the second supply
`voltage domain 1.2 are supplied with a second supply
`voltage. Normally, the first supply voltage and the second
`supply voltage have voltage levels which differ from one
`another. In the case of a mixed-signal circuit, for example,
`the voltage level ofthefirst supply voltage is lower than the
`value of the second supply voltage. Typical values for the
`voltage levels in a mixed-signal circuit are 1.5V and 2.5V.
`However,it is likewise conceivable for the voltage levels of
`the first supply voltage and of the second supply voltage to
`be essentially the same, and for thefirst supply voltage to be
`provided from a different voltage source from the second
`supply voltage.
`Thefirst supply voltage domain 1.1 containsa first circuit
`block 2 which is coupled to a second circuit block 3 by
`means of a voltage level shifting unit 4. The first circuit
`block 4 is therefore able to transmit a first activation or
`
`deactivation signal to the second circuit block 3. The first
`circuit block 2 is therefore a control unit which usesthe first
`
`activation or deactivation signal to control the operation of
`the second circuit block 3. This is usually done using a
`digital first activation or deactivation signal. The voltage
`level shifting unit 4 matches the voltage levels of thefirst
`activation or deactivation signal in the first supply voltage
`domain to the necessary voltage level for the first activation
`or deactivation signal in the second supply voltage domain.
`In the exemplary embodiment shown, the voltage level
`shifting unit 4 sends an activation signal which corresponds
`to a voltage level at the level of the second supply voltage—
`that is to say a logic value “1”—anda first deactivation
`signal in the form of a low voltage level or zero potential—
`that is to say a logic value “0”—to the second circuit block
`3. Once the second circuit block 3 receives the activation
`
`signal, it is in operation. Oncethecircuit block 3 receives the
`first deactivation signal, it is shut down.
`The second supply voltage domain 1.2 equally contains a
`voltage level detector 5 which is coupledto the voltage level
`shifting unit 4. The voltage level detector 5 is supplied with
`the second supply voltage. The first supply voltage is
`supplied to it via a first input. In the illustration, the voltage
`level detector 5 is in the form of a Schmitt trigger with an
`inverting output. However,it is likewise conceivable for the
`voltage level detector 5 to be in the form of an inverter
`circuit, a comparator circuit or comparable circuits. The
`inverting output of the voltage level detector 5 is coupled to
`the voltage level shifting unit 4.
`In the exemplary embodiment shown, the voltage level
`detector 5 sendsa first control signal in the form of a voltage
`level at the level of the second supply voltage—thatis to say
`a logic value “1”
`to the voltage level shifting unit 4 if the
`first supply voltage is lower than a threshold value from the
`voltage level detector 5. The first control signal is output
`when the logic gates in the first supply voltage domain 1.1
`or in the second supply voltage domain 1.2 are not yet
`operating reliably.
`Thefirst control signal is used to turn off the voltage level
`shifting unit 4, as a result of which thelatter transmits a zero
`potential and hencea first deactivation signal to the second
`
`6
`
`

`

`US 7,279,943 B2
`
`5
`circuit block 3. The secondcircuit block 3 is shut downif the
`first supply voltage is too low to ensure the operation of the
`respectively supplied logic gates.
`Thefirst supply voltage domain 1.1 contains a reset unit
`6 (shown in a dotted line) for producing a first reset signal,
`said reset unit being connectedtothefirst circuit block 3 via
`an OR gate 7. The OR gate 7 is likewise supplied with the
`first control signal. In this case, the voltage level of the first
`control signal is matched tothe first supply voltage using a
`second voltage level shifting unit 12. The OR gate 7 sends
`a secondreset signal to the first circuit block 2 when the OR
`gate 7 is supplied with the first reset signal and/or with the
`first control signal.
`In the exemplary embodiment, there is additionally a third
`circuit block 10 which is connectedto the first circuit block
`
`2 via a third voltage level shifting unit 11. Thus, the first
`circuit block 2 can transmita first activation or deactivation
`
`10
`
`15
`
`6
`FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a voltage level
`shifting unit, as may be used in the exemplary embodiment
`shown in FIG.1, for example.
`The voltage level shifting unit is supplied with a data
`signalat a first voltage level via a first signal input 13. A first
`signal output 14 is used to output the data signal at a second
`voltage level.
`The first signal input 13 is coupled to an inverter 17 by
`meansoflines. The inverter 17 is supplied with a first supply
`voltage via a first supply voltage connection 15. The first
`voltage level of the first supply voltage essentially corre-
`sponds to a high voltage level (high level) of the data signal.
`An output of the inverter 17 is connected to the gate
`connection of a first n-MOStransistor 18. In this case, the
`source connection ofthefirst n-MOStransistor 18 is coupled
`to an earth potential. The drain connection of the first
`n-MOStransistor 18 is coupled to the source connection of
`a first p-MOStransistor 20.
`The first signal input 13 is additionally connected to the
`gate connection of a second n-MOStransistor 19. The
`source connection of the second n-MOStransistor 19 is
`
`coupled to an earth potential. The drain connection of the
`second n-MOStransistor 19 is connected to the source
`
`signal to the third circuit block 10. The third voltage level
`shifting unit 11 is coupled to the voltage level detector 5 and
`is turned off when the voltage level detector 5 outputs the
`first control signal. In this case,
`the third voltage level
`shifting unit 11 transmits a second deactivation signal to the
`third circuit block 10 in order to deactivate it.
`The reset unit 6 contains a threshold detector unit 8 and
`connection of a second p-MOStransistor 21.
`The drain connection ofthe first p-MOStransistor 20 and
`a delay element 9. In this case, the threshold detector unit 8
`the drain connection of the second p-MOStransistor 21 are
`outputs a signal when the voltage level of the first supply
`connected to a second supply voltage connection 16,
`to
`voltage is aboveafirst threshold value. The signalis delayed
`which a second supply voltage at the second voltage level is
`by a timeinterval by the delay element 9 andis then output
`supplied. The gate connection ofthe first p-MOStransistor
`by the reset unit 6 as a reset signal. The time delay ensures
`20 is connected to the source connection of the second
`that during a turn-on operation the voltage level of the first
`supply voltage is safely above the first threshold value.
`Two different scenarios are obtained for the turn-on
`
`25
`
`30
`
`operation for the circuit arrangement 1.
`If the first supply voltage reaches a voltage level whichis
`sufficient for operation ofthe first circuit block 2 before the
`second supply voltage reaches a corresponding second
`threshold value, the following occurs.
`The reset unit 6 outputs a reset signal with a time delay,
`and said reset signal is forwarded via the OR gate 7 to the
`first circuit block 2. The first circuit block 2 remains set at
`its initial state.
`
`In the other case, where the voltage level of the second
`supply voltagefirst of all exceeds the second threshold value
`before the voltage level of the first supply voltage is high
`enough, the following occurs.
`The voltage level detector 5 is on standby, since it is
`receiving the necessary second supply voltage. However, the
`voltage level of the first supply voltage is below the thresh-
`old value, which means that the voltage level detector 5
`outputs the first control signal. This signal is supplied to the
`voltage level shifting unit 4 and to the third voltage level
`shifting unit 11, so that
`these are turned off. The first
`deactivation signal and the second deactivation signal are
`therefore transmitted to the second circuit block 3 and to the
`third circuit block 10, respectively. The secondcircuit block
`4 and the third circuit block 10 are turned off.
`
`Whenthe voltage level of the first supply voltage reaches
`the threshold value, the voltage level detector 5 does not
`transmita first control signalto the voltage level shifting unit
`4 and to the third level shifting unit 11. The reset unit 6
`outputs a reset signal with a time delay, andthis reset signal
`is forwarded in the form of the secondreset signal from the
`OR gate 7 to the first circuit block 2. The latter is thus put
`into the defined initial state and can actuate the operating
`states of the second circuit block 3 and of the third circuit
`block 10.
`
`p-MOStransistor 21. In the same form, the gate connection
`of the second p-MOStransistor 21 is connected to the source
`connection ofthe first p-MOStransistor 20. An intermediate
`signal tapped off between the drain connection of the second
`n-MOStransistor 19 and the source connection of the
`
`35
`
`second p-MOStransistor 21 is supplied to a first inverter
`circuit.
`Thefirst inverter circuit has a third n-MOStransistor 23
`
`40
`
`and a third p-MOStransistor 22. In this arrangement, these
`are connected such that the source connection of the third
`
`n-MOStransistor 23 is coupled to an earth potential. The
`drain connection of the third n-MOStransistor 23 is con-
`
`nected to the source connection of the third p-MOStransis-
`tor 22. The drain connection ofthe third p-MOStransistor 22
`is connected to the source connection of a fourth p-MOS
`transistor 25. The drain connection of the fourth p-MOS
`transistor 25 is connected to a second supply voltage con-
`nection 16, to which a second supply voltage at the second
`voltage level is supplied. The gate connection of the fourth
`p-MOStransistor 25 is connected to a control connection 24
`to which a control signal can be supplied.
`An output signal tapped off between the drain connection
`of the fourth n-MOStransistor 26 and the source connection
`of the fourth p-MOStransistor 25 is supplied to the first
`signal output 14. In this case, the first signal output 14 is
`coupledto an earth potential via the source/drain path of the
`fourth n-MOStransistor 26. The gate connection of the
`fourth n-MOStransistor 26 is connected to control connec-
`tion 24.
`
`The operation of the voltage level shifting unit shown is
`explained in more detail below.
`Thefirst signal input 13 has a potential corresponding to
`the voltage level of the first supply voltage applied to it. This
`potential usually corresponds to a logic value “1” in a first
`supply voltage domain. Hence,the inverter 17 is used to turn
`off the source/drain path ofthe first n-MOStransistor 18 and
`to tum on the source/drain path of the second n-MOS
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`7
`
`

`

`US 7,279,943 B2
`
`7
`transistor 19. This is synonymouswith the source/drain path
`of the first p-MOStransistor 20 being off while the source/
`drain path of the second p-MOStransistor 21 is on. The
`intermediate signal accordingly has a voltage level which
`correspondsto a zero potential. The subsequentfirst inverter
`circuit produces an output signal which corresponds to a
`logic value “1”. Since the inverter circuit is being operated
`at the second supply voltage, the output signal has a poten-
`tial which corresponds to the voltage level of the second
`supply voltage.
`Similarly, the operation of the voltage level shifting unit
`can be reconstructed when the input signal has a voltage
`level which corresponds to a zero potential and hence
`represents a logic value “0”. No shift in the voltage level in
`the actual sense takes place, since the output signal likewise
`represents a logic value “0”.
`The control connection 24 allows the voltage level shift-
`ing unit to be turned off. When a logic value “0” is applied
`to the control connection, the fourth p-MOStransistor is
`switched such that its source/drain path is on. By contrast,
`the source/drain path of the fourth n-MOStransistor 26 is
`off. The voltage level shifting unit accordingly operates as
`set out above.
`
`Whena logic value “1” is applied to the control connec-
`tion 24, the source/drain path of the fourth p-MOStransistor
`25 is off and the source/drain path of the fourth n-MOS
`transistor 26 is on. As a result, an earth potential is always
`applied to the first signal output regardless of the input
`signal. The output signal has a logic value “O” regardless of
`the input signal. The voltage level shifting unit is off or shut
`down.
`FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a reset unit, as
`maybe used in FIG. 1. The reset unit has a current source
`27, a first inverter 28, a second inverter 29 and a third
`inverter 30. The inverters are respectively supplied with a
`supply voltage V,, via a supply voltage input 32. They each
`have an identical circuit comprising a p-MOStransistor and
`an n-MOStransistor. In this case, the source/drain path of
`the p-MOStransistor is connected to the supply voltage
`input 32 andto the inverter output, and the source/drain path
`of the n-MOStransistor is connected to the inverter output
`and to to an earth connection.
`
`The gate connections of the p-MOStransistor and of the
`n-MOStransistor are connected to the inverter input. The
`first
`inverter additionally has a resistor 33 connected
`between the source/drain path of the p-MOStransistor and
`the inverter output. The gain of the n-MOStransistor in the
`first inverter 28 is greater than the gain of the n-MOS
`transistor in the second inverter 29.
`
`The current source 27 comprises a transistor whose col-
`lector connection and base connection are connected to an
`
`earth potential. The emitter connection of the transistor is
`connected to the inverter outputof the first inverter 28. This
`inverter output has a first voltage node 34 connected to it.
`The first voltage node 34 is likewise linked to the inverter
`input of the second inverter 29. The inverter output of the
`second inverter 29 is connected to the inverter input of the
`first inverter 28 andto the inverter input of the third inverter
`30. It has a second voltage node 35 onit. The inverter output
`of the third inverter is simultaneously the reset signal output
`31.
`
`This produces the following manner of operation for the
`reset unit:
`the switching point of the first inverter 28 is
`obtained from the arithmetic mean of the supply voltage V,4
`and of the base/emitter voltage ofthe transistorin the current
`source 27. Initially, the current level of the supply voltage
`V,, at the supply voltage input 32 is a zero potential, and the
`
`8
`first voltage node 34 and the second voltage node 35 are
`discharged. The p-MOStransistors and n-MOStransistors in
`the inverters in the reset unit have a high impedance, and the
`collector current of the transistor in the current source 27
`corresponds to 0 mA.
`If the voltage level of the supply voltage V,, rises but
`remains lower than the emitter/base voltage on thetransistor
`in the current source 27 then the voltage level at the second
`voltage node 35 continues to be at zero level. The n-MOS
`transistor in the first inverter 28 is still off and the p-MOS
`transistor in the first inverter 28 has a source/drain path
`which is on. The voltage at
`the first voltage node 34
`therefore rises with the supply voltage V,,. If the supply
`voltage V,, exceeds the diode voltage applied between the
`base and emitter connections ofthe transistor in the current
`source 27 then the collector current in the same transistor
`
`increases, with the diode voltage remaining almost constant.
`The resistor 33 limits the current on the current source 27
`and therefore keeps downthe total current drawnbythe reset
`unit.
`In the course of the supply voltage V,, rising, a potential
`difference develops between said supply voltage and the
`voltage level at the first voltage node 34, said potential
`difference increasing as the supply voltage V,, rises. If the
`voltage level of the supply voltage V,,, reaches the switching
`point ofthe first inverter 28, the first inverter 28 switchesits
`inverter output to the voltage level of the supply voltage V,,,
`the source/drain path of the n-MOStransistor in the first
`inverter 28 is turned on and pulls the first voltage node 34
`to an earth potential. The p-MOStransistor in the first
`inverter is turned off, on the other hand. The flow of current
`in the current source 27 is turned off. No currents flow in the
`reset unit. The effect which is thus achievedis that after the
`
`10
`
`15
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`reset signal is triggered no power is consumed in the reset
`unit.
`
`FIG. 4 showsa schematic illustration of a delay element.
`Adelay signal input 36 is connected to the input of a Schmitt
`trigger 38 via a secondresistor 39. The output of the Schmitt
`trigger 30 is connected to a delay signal output 37. Between
`the secondresistor 39 andthe input of the Schmitt trigger 38,
`a connecting line is coupled to the earth potential via a
`capacitor 40. In a manner which is knownto a person skilled
`in the art, this circuit outputs a signal, which is input at the
`delay signal input 36, at the delay signal output 37 delayed
`by a timeinterval, the time interval being determined by the
`capacitance value of the capacitor 40 and by the resistance
`value of the secondresistor 39.
`
`In addition, two p-MOStransistors are coupled to the
`connections of the second resistor 39 and couple it to the
`earth potential via their source/drain paths. The gate con-
`nections of the p-MOStransistors are coupled to a supply
`voltage input 32 which supplies them with a supply voltage.
`When the voltage level of the supply voltage is at a zero
`level, the capacitor 40 is discharged in this way, or a zero
`potential is appliedto the input of the Schmitt trigger 38 and
`hence also to the delay signal output 37.
`
`LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS
`
`Circuit arrangement 1
`First supply voltage domain 1.1
`Second supply voltage domain 1.2
`First circuit block 2
`Second circuit block 3
`Voltage level shifting unit 4
`Voltage level detector 5
`Reset unit 6
`
`40
`
`45
`
`50
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`8
`
`

`

`OR gate 7
`Threshold detector unit 8
`
`Delay element 9
`Third circuit block 10
`Third voltage level shifting unit 11
`Second voltage level shifting unit 12
`First signal input 13
`First signal output 14
`First supply voltage connection 15
`Second supply voltage connection 16
`Inverter 17
`First n-MOStransistor 18
`Second n-MOStransistor 19
`First p-MOStransistor 20
`Second p-MOStransistor 21
`Third p-MOStransistor 22
`Third n-MOStransistor 23
`Control connection 24
`Fourth p-MOStransistor 25
`Fourth n-MOStransistor 26
`Current source 27
`First inverter 28
`Second inverter 29
`Third inverter 30
`
`US 7,279,943 B2
`
`10
`4. A circuit arrangementaccording to claim 1, wherein the
`reset unit comprises a threshold value detector and a delay
`element.
`
`5. A circuit arrangementaccording to claim 4, wherein the
`threshold value detector is operable to draw current which is
`essentially zero when the voltage level of the first supply
`voltage is above the threshold value.
`6. A circuit arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the
`first circuit block is a digital circuit block.
`7. A circuit arrangementaccording to claim 6, wherein the
`digital c