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`- HLeCrONIG
`
`nae
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`Tad
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`Cree Ex. 1004
`
`Page 1
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`

`

`MODERN
`DICTIONARY
`of
`ELECTRONICS
`
`SEVENTH EDITION
`
`REVISED AND UPDATED
`
`Johannesburg Melbourne New Delhi
`
`Rudolf F..Graf
`
`Boston Oxford Auckland
`
`Newnes
`
`Cree Ex. 1004
`
`Page 2
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`Cree Ex. 1004
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`Page 2
`
`

`

`Newnesis an imprint of Butterworth-Hcincmann. Copyright © 1999 by Rudolf F. Graf
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`C A memberof the Reed Elsevier Group.
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`All rights reserved.
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`Nopart of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
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`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`
`
`Graf, Rudolf F.
`,
`
`Modern dictionary of electronics / Rudolf F. Graf. —7th ed.,
`
`
`
`revised and updated.
`p.
`cm.
`ISBN 0-7506-9866-7 (alk. paper)
`
`
`1, Electronics —- Dictionaries. I. Title
`TK7804.G67
`1999
`
`621.381°03 —de21
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`A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library,
` British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
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`CIP
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`Cree Ex. 1004
`
`Page 3
`
`Cree Ex. 1004
`
`Page 3
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`

`

`electrocoagulation — electroencephalograph
`
`valent— The weight of
`or ion involved ina specified
`ring passage of a. specifieg
`isa coulomb.
`tion transistor— A june.
`etching an n-type germanium
`h jets of a salt solution such
`
`intial— Also called electro.
`ul derivative of the total elec-
`he system with respectto the
`stituent exceptthat it includes
`chemical contributions to the
`
`ording —A recording made
`:d current through a scnsitized
`acts to the current andthereby
`
`ision —See electrochemical
`
`
`939 gtrocoagulation —The process of solidifying
`electrode potential—|. The instantaneous voltage
`*
`238
`on an electrode. Its value is usually given with respect
`age OCCURING in (he |
`, by means of a high-frequency electrical current.
`sbreviated ERG or Ech
`to the cathode of a vacuum tube. 2, The difference
`tisectrocution — Killing by means of an electric
`-Recording and hie
`in potential between an electrode and the immediately
`Pret,
`y of
`the heart, The i
`adjacent electrolyte referred to some standard electrode
`curtctrode — |. In an electronic tube, the conducting
`sed up by surface Clantae
`potential as zero. 3. The potential in volts that an electrode
`=nt that does one or more ofthe following: emits or
`ified, and appliedig aantsStrip.
`has whenimmersedin an electrolyte, comparedto the zero
`é sOots electrons oF ions. or controls their movement by
`potential of a hydrogen electrode, The potential depends
`coeof an electric field onit. 2. In semiconductors, the
`aph— An instrument
`that
`on the material of which the electrode is made.
`eal that does one or more ofthe following: emits or
`electrode reactance—The imaginary component
`t ce electrons or holes, or controls their movements by
`-An electrochéinicg|
`of electrode impedance.
`; ‘of an electric field on it, 3, In electroplating, the
`S¥Sten,
`t cathode in metallic
`electrode resistance —Thereciprocalofeicctrode
`“ONMag,
`med peing plated. 4. A conductor by means of which
`da
`oe
`yte. The anode an
`conductance.It is the effective parallel resistance, not the
`d Cathod.
`passes into or out of a fluid or an organic
`lissimilar areas on
`the same
`real componentofelectrode impedance,
`ial, such as human skin: often one terminal ofa lead.
`electrodermography —The recording of the elec-
`metallic conductor such as in an electrolytic cell, in
`srioration—A_ process
`;
`
`irical resistance ofthe skin, whichis a sensitive indicator
`h conduction by electrons is changed to conduction
`iemical reactions produc,
`4
`whicion
`« of other charged particles. 6, A conductor, not
`ofthe activity of the autonomic nervous system,
`id in turn ultimate thermala
`electrode voltage—The voltage between an elec-
`apssarily metal, through which a current enters or leaves
`trade and the cathode or aspecified point of afilamentary
`ee alectrolytic cell, arc, furnace, vacuum tube, gaseous
`28 A device that Operat,
`cathode, The terms grid valtage, anode voltage, plate volt-
`apuree tube, or any conductor of the nonmetallic class.
`lical principles, e.g., a lead.
`age, etc., designate the voltage between these electrodes
`dratpart of a semiconductor device providing the
`electrical contact between the specified region of the
`and the cathode. Unless otherwise stated, electrode volt-
`ffused-collector
`tran.
`vice and the lead to its terminal, 8. In a spark plug,
`ages are measuredat the available terminals,
`electrodialytic process — A pracess for producing
`the center rod passing through the insulator forms one
`electrode. The rod welded to the shellforms another. They
`fresh water by using a combination of electric current and
`re referred Lo as the center and side electrodes, OLA
`two types of chemically treated membranes.
`conducting element at whose surface electricity passes
`electrodynamic—Pertaining to
`electric
`current,
`électricity in motion, and the actions and effects: of
`into another conducting medium,
`electrode admittance —The alterating compo-
`magnetism and induction.
`nentolthe electrode current divided bythat ofthe electrode
`electrodynamic braking —A method of stopping
`yoltage (all other electrode voltages maintained constant),
`a tape-deck motor gently by the application of a prede-
`electrode capacitance— The capacitance between
`iermined voltage to the motors.
`one electrode and all
`the other electrodes connected
`electrodynamic instrument—Aninstrument that
`depends for its operation on the reaction between the
`together.
`electrode characteristic —Therelationship, usu-
`current in one or more moving coils and the current in
`ally shown by a graph, betweenthe electrode voltage and
`one or more fixed coils,
`current, all other clectrode voltages being maintained con-
`electrodynamic machine—Electric generator of
`stant.
`motor in which the output load current
`is produced by
`electrode conductance —The quotient of the in-
`magnetomotive currents generated in a rotating armature.
`phase component of
`the electrode alternating current
`electrodynamics— |. The science dealing with the
`divided by the electrode alternating voltage, all other
`various phenomena of electricity in motion,
`including
`electrode voltages being maintained constant. This is a
`interactions of currents with each other, with their asso-
`variational and not a total conductance.
`tiated magnetic fields, and with other magnetic fields.
`electrode current— Current passing into or out of
`4, The study of the generation ofelectromagnetic power
`an electrode.
`byradiation from high-energy beams.
`electrode dark current — Also called dark current.
`electrodynamic speaker—A speaker consisting
`|, In phototubes, the component of electrode current that
`of an electromagnet calledthe field coil, through which a
`flows in the absence of ionizing radiation and optical
`‘e@—Electric valve consisting
`direct current flows.
`photons. 2. The current that flows ina photodetector when
`solution er compound, across
`electrodynamometer— |. An instrument—for
`
`there is no incident radiation on the detector.
`ent flows more. readily in one
`detecting of measuring an electric current by determining
`electrode dissipation—The power that an elec-
`rection and in whichthe valve
`the mechanical reactions between two parts of the same
`rode dissipates as heat when bombarded by electrons
`hemical changes.
`circuit, 2, A meter movement consisting of a rotatable
`and/or ions and radiation from nearby electrodes.
`_ That branch of science con
`(moving) wire coil suspended between two fixed (field)
`electrode drop—The voltage drop producedin an
`\sformations of chemical and
`wire coils, The three coils can be connected in various
`tlectrode by its resistance.
`ludes electrolysis, electroplat
`configurations, so that rotation of the moving coil is pro-
`renarod impedance —The reciprocal of elec-
`arge of batteries, etc. 2. The
`© admittance,
`portional to. applied ac or de voltage or current, to power,
`inversion of chemical encte)
`ieee inverse current- —Current
`through a
`roplating is an electrochemic#
`powerfactor, etc.
`the ¢ electrode inthe direction opposite to that for which
`electroencephalogram— 1. A waveform obtained
`by plotting brain voltages (available between lwo points
`ube was designed.
`play—A passive solid-state
`eeramees discharge — A luminous discharge
`on the scalp) against
`time. An electroencephalogram
`ym a material whose light
`pasefi
`ed
`by means of a high-frequency electric field in a
`ianged by an externally applied
`is not necessarily a periodic function, although it can
`lled glass tube that has no internal electrodes.
`beparticularly if the patient is unconscious. These voltages
`ectrochromic materials do nol
`oTestes discharge» tube — . Abbreviated
`range of the spectrum, so they
`are of extremely low level and require recording apparatus
`holds pocoviceConnating of an airtight quartz tube that
`Whena moderate electte fick’
`that displays excellent noise rejection, 2, The tracing of
`te cotton; aaa to be analyzed. Whena high-frequency
`elops an absorption band i the
`brain waves made by an electroencephalograph.,
`ie i ic field, generatedby microwaves, 1S appliedto
`on a color that remains &¥* r
`electroencephalograph- ~Abbreviated EEG, An
`that of ee energy of a wavelength identical with
`moved and lasts from minute
`instrument for measuring and recording the rhythmically
`ze can be reversed and the ab"
`varying potentials produced by the brain by the use of
`electroSenne material.
`.
`sition, Se
`leposition—Also called electrolytic depo-
`| state when the polarity ©
`electrodes applied to the scalp.
`» See also electroplating.
`aply reversed.
`
`sducer — A devicethat uses
`re the input parameter, andthe
`y electrical signal proportional
`
`
`
`Cree Ex. 1004
`
`Page 4
`
`Cree Ex. 1004
`
`Page 4
`
`

`

`467
`
`meshcurrent — metallizing
`<>
`
`MelatFim Resistance
`Element Deposited on
`Ceramic Mandral
`
`a nonmetallic surface. This may be done by chemical
`
`‘
`Lead and Cap
`Assembly
`
`Laser Helixed to Required
`Resistance Value
`
`Metal film resistor.
`
`mesh current—The current assumed to exist over
`all cross sections of a closed path in a network. It may
`be the total current in a branch included in the path, or a
`partial current that, when combined with the others, forms
`the total current,
`message — |. Anorderedselection ofan agreed set
`of symbols for the purpose of communicating information.
`2. The original modulating wave in a communication
`system, 3. An arbitrary amount of information whose
`beginning andend are defined or implied. 4, One or more
`blocks of data that contain the total
`information to be
`transmitted.5, A group of characters that have a meaning
`when taken together and that always are handled as a
`group.
`message center — Communication agency charged
`with the responsibility for acceptance, preparation for
`transmission, receipt, and delivery of messages.
`metal gate—Refers to the use of aluminum as the
`message circuit — A long-distance telephonecircuit
`used in providing regular long-distance ortoll service to
`gate conductorinstead of silicon or refractory metals.
`the general public, as opposedtoacircuit usedfor private-
`metal halide lamp—aA discharge lamp in which
`line service.
`the light
`is produced by the radiation from a mixture of
`message exchange—aA service used between a
`metallic vapor (for example, mercury) and the products
`communications line and a computer to perform certain
`of the disassociation ofhalides (for example, halides af
`communications functions and free the computer for other
`thallium, indium, or sodium),
`tasks.
`metal-insulatorsilicon —See MIS,
`messageinterpolation — Insertion of data between
`metallic circuit —A circuit in which the earthitsell
`syllables or during speech pauses on a busy voice channel
`is not used as ground.
`without noticeably affecting the voice transmission,
`metallic insulator —A shorted quarter-wave section
`message precedence — Designations employed to
`of transmission line, which acts as-an electrical insulator
`indicate the relative order in which a Message of one
`at the transmitted frequency,
`precedence designation is handled with respectto all other
`metallic noise — Weighted noise current in a metal-
`precedence designations.
`lic circuit at a given point when the circuit is terminated
`message switching— |. The technique of data
`at that point in the nominal characteristic impedance of
`the circuit,
`transmission in which data may be received, stored until
`the properline is available, then retransmitted. No direct
`metallic rectifier—A rectifier in which the asym-
`connection is set up between the originator of the data
`metrical
`junction between dissimilar solid conductors
`and its destination. 2, Routing messages betweenthree
`presents a highresistance to current flow in one direction
`or more locations by store-and-forward techniques in a
`and a low resistance in the opposite direction,
`computer.
`metallic rectifier cell—An elementary rectifying
`message unit—1. A unit of measurement used in
`device having only one positive electrode, negalive elec-
`charging for local telephone messages, based on time and
`trode, and rectifying junction,
`distance between the parties. 2. Call measurement for a
`metallic-rectifier stack —A single structure made
`call within a local service area for which charges are
`up of one or more metallic rectifier cells.
`accrued.
`metallization — |. The deposition of a thin-film pat-
`message-waiting lamp — A small lamp on a tele-
`tern of conductive material onto a substrate to provide
`phone set that can be lighted (or flashed) fromthe switch-
`interconnection of electronic components or to provide
`board (or call waiting panel) (o notify a hotel or motel
`conductive contacts (pads)
`for
`interconnections. 2.A
`guest that a message is being held for him or her.
`film pattern (single or multilayer) of conductive material
`metadyne—British term for amplidyne. A. direct-
`deposited on a substrate to interconnect electronic compo-
`current machine used for voltage regulation or transfor-
`nents, or the metal film on the bonding area of a substrate
`mation.
`[t has more than two brushes for each pair of
`that becomes apart of the bond and performs both electri-
`holes,
`eal and mechanical functions, 3, Theselective deposition
`metal—A material that has high electrical and ther-
`of metal film on a substrate to form conductive intercon-
`mal conductivity at normal temperatures,
`nection between IC elements and points for connections
`metal-base transistor—A transistor with a base
`with the outside world.
`of a
`thin metal
`film sandwiched between two n-type
`metallized capacitor—A capacitor that
`is made
`semiconductors, with the emitter doped more heavily than
`with dielectric film that has had metal vacuum-deposited
`the base to give it a high electron-current-to-hole-current
`on it. This
`thin metallization restricts the maximum
`ratio.
`current capacity, but at
`the same time provides a very
`lo¢ator. An
`metal detector—Also culled metal
`high volumetric efficiency and a unique self-healing
`electronic device for detecting concealed metal objects,
`property, Any internal arcover (which could be triggered
`metal-etched mask—A mask formed by chemi-
`by a transient voltage spike) will usually cléar itself by
`cally etching openings in a metal film or plate where it is
`vaporizing the deposited metal film in the immediatearea,
`not protected by photoresist or other chemically resistant
`thus extending the are path beyond the sustaining gap
`material,
`length limit. Foil capacitors cannot clear in this manner
`metalfilm resistor— An electronic component in
`and may therefore sustain the arcovers and short out.
`which theresistive element is an extremely thin layer of
`metallized resistor — A fixedresistor in which the
`metal alloy vacuum-deposited on a substrate.
`resistance elementis a thin film of metal deposited on the
`metal foil capacitor—A capacitor in which the
`surface of a glass or ceramic substrate.
`electrodes consist of metal foils separated by a dielectric
`metallizing — Applying a thin coating of metal
`to
`consisting of plastic film or paper.
`
`Cree Ex. 1004
`
`Page 5
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`Cree Ex. 1004
`
`Page 5
`
`