United States· Patent
`Pinnow et al.
`
`3,691,482
`I 151
`I 451 Sept. 12, 1972
`
`[ 541 DISPLAY SYSTEM
`[72] Inventors: Douglas Arthur Pinnow, Berkeley
`Heights; Le Grand Gerard Van
`Uitert, Morris Township, Morris
`County, both ofN.J.
`[73] Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incor•
`porated, Murray Hill, Berkeley
`Heights, N.J.
`Jan. 19, 1970
`[22] Filed:
`[21] Appl. No.: 3,636
`
`[52] U.S. Cl • ................. 332/7.51, 250/199, 330/108,
`330/334
`int. Cl ................................................. 801s 3/10
`[51]
`(58] Field of Search ......... 302/7.51; 250/71, 80, 199;
`330/334, 108; 252/301.4; 331/94.5
`
`[56}
`
`References Cited
`
`UNITED STA TES PATENTS
`8/1970 Korpel... ..................... 178/5.4
`5/1967 Thompson .............. 252/301.4
`1/1970 Reich et al ................. 250/199
`3/1971 Kiss ........................... 350/150
`2/1970 Arend et al ............. 350/160 P
`
`3,524,01 I
`3,322,682
`3,488,503
`3,572,941
`3,495,034
`
`3,541,542 11/1970 Dugway et al ............. 340/324
`7/1969 Geusic et al.. .............. 330/4.3
`3,453,604
`
`FOREIGN PA TENTS OR APPLICATIONS
`France .................... 252/301.4
`1,564,271
`4/1969
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`C. E. Baker, Laser Display Technology, 12/68, pp.
`39- 50, IEEE Spactrum.
`Oliver," Sparkling Spots and Random Diffraction,"
`Proc. IEEE, Vol. 51, pp. 220- 221, 1/63
`Carsidive, " Effects of Coherence or Imaging
`Systems" J. Opt. Soc. Am. Vol. 56, pp. 1001- 1009,
`8/66
`
`Primary Examiner-Benjamin A. Borchelt
`Assistant Examiner-N. Moskowitz
`Attomey-R. J. Guenther and Edwin B. Cave
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57]
`A single color display is produced by projection using
`a scanning laser beam operating in the visible or ul(cid:173)
`traviolet and a photoluminescent screen which emits
`in the visible. Combinations of phosphors may be em•
`ployed to simulate white or desired colors.
`9 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures
`
`10
`
`CERIUM DOPED
`GARNET PHOSPHOR
`SCREEN 15
`
`!o -~"
`-,~ , .
`MODULATOR 7~ ----
`12
`13 ~ - ·
`' \ . --- I '
`If
`\
`I/:
`
`DEFLECTOR
`14
`
`\
`
`(cid:47)(cid:50)(cid:58)(cid:40)(cid:54) 1022, Page 1
`
`VIZIO Ex. 1022 Page 0001
`
`

`

`PATENTtOSEP 12 1972
`
`3 ._691.482
`
`SHEET 1 OF 2
`
`FIG. I
`
`A
`
`.......... -.....___
`"-
`I
`/ .
`
`---
`
`("\
`
`I \
`I
`'
`\
`I
`\
`
`\. "
`
`1.0
`
`0.5
`
`>-
`I-
`vi
`z
`w
`I-
`~
`z
`~
`
`<I)
`
`~
`~
`w
`w
`>
`I-<
`...J
`w
`a::
`
`0 ...._ _ ___ .......r:;;_ _____
`5000
`5500
`
`_____.__ ____
`
`_____,
`
`6500
`
`6000
`WAVELENGTH (A )
`
`LASER 10
`
`FIG. 3
`
`.,.( II
`....
`-....~
`MODULATOR;_>~---
`12
`13
`~
`-
`
`.
`
`CERIUM DOPED
`GARNET PHOSPHOR
`SCREEN 15
`
`DEF~~CTOR
`
`.
`
`·\
`
`j
`
`--- J;f
`'\ t·
`
`\
`
`0. A. PINNOW
`INVENTORS : LG. VAN UITERT
`r
`,
`A~~,,,
`
`BY
`
`. /~
`
`ATTORNEY
`
`(cid:47)(cid:50)(cid:58)(cid:40)(cid:54) 1022, Page 2
`
`VIZIO Ex. 1022 Page 0002
`
`

`

`PATENtEDSEPl21972
`
`3,691.482
`
`SHEET 2 OF 2
`
`FIG. 2
`
`5145
`
`5200
`
`0.8
`
`0-6
`
`5000
`
`=
`
`0.4
`
`0.2
`
`0
`
`r-,
`I "
`I "
`"
`
`'-
`
`'-
`
`"
`"
`" '-
`
`'--
`
`3483:9,
`
`" 5900
`"
`"
`
`6000
`6200
`
`7000
`
`3484~
`..... :s.
`_... ___ _.,......-
`
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`I
`!..-- ..-
`
`•
`:ILLUMINANT C
`
`..-..-
`
`..-------
`
`..-----
`
`------
`
`------
`
`0.2
`
`0.4
`
`:!
`
`0.6
`
`0.8
`
`(cid:47)(cid:50)(cid:58)(cid:40)(cid:54) 1022, Page 3
`
`VIZIO Ex. 1022 Page 0003
`
`

`

`1
`DISPLAY SYSTEM
`
`3,691,482
`
`2
`and pigments. Pigments are particularly useful and may
`be formed by dissolving a dye in an-organic resin solu(cid:173)
`tion which is subsequently condensed. It is known that
`luminescent efficiency
`in certain cases may be
`5 enhanced if the dye is absorbed on a colloid which may
`take the form of gell fibers or particles of high molecu(cid:173)
`lar weight polymers.
`As in the Y AG-cerium phosphor display, absorptions
`in the phosphor are generally broadband and the emis-
`1 O sion peak is relatively insensitive to a shift in energizing
`wavelength. This phenomenon is quite useful since it
`may permit substitution of laser sources without
`marked change in apparent emission color.
`The invention is broadly premised on the use of such
`organic colorants. Monochromatic displays result from
`use of homogeneous phosphor screens. These may be
`present as self-supporting members or as coatings, and
`they may be made up on one or any combination of
`20 colorants required to produce the desired balance.
`Similarly, the amount of reflected laser radiation may
`be varied by deliberate inclusion of "inert" ingredients
`in the phosphor. So, for example, a filler such as talc
`results in an increase in ratio of reflected to converted
`25 energy.
`
`15
`
`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`I. Field of the Invention
`The invention is concerned with projection display
`systems and is primarily concerned with those produc(cid:173)
`ing black and white images by coherent lighting.
`2. Description of the Prior Art
`Interest in laser display systems is based on the
`premise of screens of essentially unlimited size. Many
`of the elements necessary for such systems are
`presently available. High intensity lasers operating at a
`variety of frequencies within the visible spectrum have
`been demonstrated as have modulation and scanning
`techniques of sufficient capacity for most projection
`applications.
`One popular approach, production of images by
`direct reflection of visible laser emission, is subject to
`two drawbacks. First, images are monochromatic of a
`particular well-defined wavelength so that images
`produced by use of an argon-ion laser, for example,
`may be blue and black; and, second, reflection of
`coherent laser output produces a speckled image due
`to periodic reinforcement of the scattered beam. See
`Volume 46, Bell System Technical Journal, page 1479,
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
`September 1967.
`FIG. 1, on coordinates of intensity in arbitrary units
`In copending U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 827,644,
`and wavelengths in angstroms, is a plot of the emission
`filed May !6, 1969 • ther~ is described. a laser display
`system which produces images e~enually free from 30 for illustrative colorants under 4,880 A . excitation;
`FIG. 2 is a chromaticity diagram showing the coor-
`speckle problem_s. That srstem rel_1es _on a_ phosphor
`screen, the functional portion ofwh1ch 1s cerium doped
`dinates of several particularly useful phosphor emis-
`y AG (yttrium aluminum garnet). The phosphor, when
`sions· and
`exdted by a laser beam of. appropria!e wav~len~th,
`FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a system in ac-
`em1ts a broad ba~d of yellow1~h col~rauon which, ma 35 cordance with the invention.
`preferred embodiment, combines with reflected laser
`light to produce an apparent black and white image.
`This system has been demonstrated and appears ap(cid:173)
`propriate for commercial exploitation.
`
`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
`It has now been determined that a practical single
`color laser display system alternative to that described
`above may utilize a range of phosphor compositions
`which are, at least in part, organic. As in the copending 45
`application, the system depends upon use of laser ener-
`gy at one or more wavelengths, at least one of which
`emits in the visible or ultraviolet spectra at a somewhat
`shorter wavelength than a major portion of the
`phosphor emission.
`Due to the large variation of organic phosphor
`materials which are suitable for use, few limitations are
`placed on the nature of the energizing laser. Suitable
`lasers include argon-ion emitting at 4,880 A. and cad(cid:173)
`mium-ion emitting at 4,416 A. The range of suitable ex(cid:173)
`citing wavelengths for useable monochromatic displays
`is from about 2,500 A. to about 5,500 A.
`Specific wavelengths within this broad range are
`chosen in accordance with the phosphor charac(cid:173)
`teristics. Suitable phosphors are discussed at some
`length in the Detailed Description. Generally speaking,
`suitable materials are organic dyes or pigments many of
`which are commercially available and in widespread
`use.
`In this description, use will be made of the term " -
`colorant" or "organic colorant." It is to be understood
`that this term includes photoluminescent organic dyes
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`I. Drawing
`40 Referring again to FIG. 1, the data presented are the
`emission spectra for two organic phosphors and their
`50- 50 blend. The types are 4-amino, 1,8-napthal p(cid:173)
`xenylimide (peaking at 5,300 A.) (curve A) and
`Rhodamine (peaking at 6,050 A .) (curve B). Both
`fluoresce with high efficiencies (greater than 50 per(cid:173)
`cent ) under 4,880 A. excitation. The broken line
`represents a particulate 50-50 mixture of these two
`phosphors. The individual phosphors fluoresce yellow(cid:173)
`green and red. Their combined output is orange. The
`50 blue content of radiation from the screen can also be
`enhanced by addition of reflective matter to increase
`the fraction of 4,880 A. laser radiation reflected when
`this argon-ion laser radiation is use, for example.
`Hence, the overall effect is to produce a whiter ap-
`55 pearance to the eye.
`FIG. 2 is the internationally accepted CJE chro(cid:173)
`maticity diagram (see Applied Optics: A Guide to
`Modem Optical System Desig11 (J. Wiley & Sons 1968)
`Ch. I by L. Levi) which can be used as a guide in as-
`60 sessing the color quality of a display system. In this dia(cid:173)
`gram, the saturated (monochromatic) colors are
`located on the perimeter of the horseshoe-shaped plot,
`while colors of decreasing saturation approach illumi-
`5 nant C which is a white color equivalent to average
`6
`daylight illumination. Every real color, regardless of its
`spectral complexity, can be represented by a single
`point on or within this plot. A straight line connecting
`
`(cid:47)(cid:50)(cid:58)(cid:40)(cid:54) 1022, Page 4
`
`VIZIO Ex. 1022 Page 0004
`
`

`

`3,691,482
`
`15
`
`3
`4
`any two points (primaries) represents the locus of
`FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a simple system in ac-
`possible colors that can be achieved by blending them
`cordance with
`the invention. Energizing light is
`in varying proportions. Similarly, the gamut of colors
`produced by laser 10 which may, for example, be an
`possible by the combination of more than two prima-
`argon-ion laser or a cadmium-ion laser. The emerging
`ries are those which fall within the polygon determined 5 beam 11 first enters modulator 12 which is provided
`by straight lines which connect adjacent primaries. As
`with a modulating signal by means, not shown, for am-
`an example, the dolled triangle in FIG. 1 encloses the
`plitude modulating the beam. Modulation may be ac-
`color gamut of a shadow mask color CRT. For com-
`compUshed, for example, by electro-optic, acousto-op-
`parison, there is also shown the major cadmium and
`tic, or magneto-optic techniques.
`argon laser lines at 4,416 A., 4,880 A., and 5,145 A. as IO A description of suitable acousto-optic devices is
`well as the emissions of the Y AG:Ce phosphor and of
`contained in Vol. 46, Bell System Technical Journal, p.
`the three organic dyes (related to 4-amino, 1,8-napthal
`367, February I 967. A description of suitable electro-
`p-xenylimide); and phosphors (348S, 3483 and 3484
`optic devices is described in Vol. 38, Journal of Applied
`which are Rhodomine based pigments). The arrow on
`Physics, pp. 1611- 1617, March 1967. In any event,
`the 3485 dye emission shows the effect of adding
`modulation may be accomplished by altering the total
`phthalocyanine toner, which selectively absorbs the
`amount of light of a particular polarization sense which
`longer wavelength yellow and red portion of the emis-
`is passed by an analyzer incorporated in the modulator,
`sion 10 produce a more vivid green. It can be seen that
`or alternatively by cont.rolling the amount of light
`the combination of light from either of these blue laser 20 which is deflected acoustooptically.
`sources and emission from the 3,483 A. and 3,48S A.
`Upon emerging from modulator 12, the beam, now
`phosphors results in a color gamut similar to that of the
`denoted 13, enters deflector 14 which produces the ap-
`color cathode ray tube.
`propriate horizontal and vertical deflection so as to fill
`A black and white display can be achieved by
`screen 15. Deflector 14 may advantageously operate
`scanning a monochromatic laser beam on a viewing 25 on an acousto-optic princ.iple, see, for example, Vol.
`screen that is coated with an appropriate blend of
`S7, Proceedings of the IEEE, p. 160, February 1969.
`phosphors and direct scauering materials such as pow-
`The deflector 14 may also perform the modulation
`dered MgO or talc. For example, a combination of scat-
`function eliminating the need for a separate modulator
`tered light from a blue argon-ion laser beam (4,880 A.)
`12. Earlier deflector systems utilize mechanical, some-
`and blue-to-red converted light from either of the 30 times motor driven, scanners.
`Rhodamine dye phosphors can produce a white ap-
`Inventive novelty is premised largely on the nature of
`pearance since a straight line connecting these prima-
`phosphor screen 15 as incorporated in the overall
`ries on the chromaticity diagram passes very near to ii-
`system. Laser di.splay systems of the general nature of
`luminant C.
`that of FIG. 2 are described in some detail in the exist-
`A combination of more than two primaries can also 35 ing scientific literature. See, for example, IEEE Spec-
`be used to produce white. As an example, a Cd-He
`trum for December 1968, at page 39, et seq.
`laser beam which illuminates a correctly proportioned
`The chemical nature of this screen is described in
`mixture of MgO and dye phosphors 3,484 A. and 3,485
`some detail in the section which follows.
`A. can be used to achieve a white appearance. ~I- 40
`2. Composition
`temately, MgO may be replaced by pyrelene-contam-
`The inventive system depends upon a phosphor
`ing materials or 7-diethyl amino, 4-methyl coumarin-
`screen containing at least one fluorescent organic dye
`containing materials (blue-to-blue and ultraviolet-to-
`or pigment. Representative materials and the color
`blue converting phosphor, respectively, to completely
`which
`they
`fluoresce
`include pyrelene
`(blue);
`eliminate speckle).
`45 fluorescein
`(yellow-green);
`eosin
`(yellow);
`Regardless of how many phosphors are used, it is ap-
`Rhodamine-B (red); Rhodamine-6G (yellow); acridinc
`parent from the chromaticity diagram that a necessary
`(blue); acriflavin (yellow-green); napthalene red (red);
`condition for achieving a true white is that the illu-
`auromine-O (yellow-green); 4-amino, 1,8-naptha! p-
`minating laser beam have a wavelength of approxi-
`xenylimide (yellow-green) and 7-diethylamino, 4-
`mately 4,950 A . or shorter. Otherwise, it is impossible 50 methyl coumarin (blue). Other dyes are xanthene,
`to include illuminant C within a polygon whose prima-
`azine, oxazine, thiazine, acridine, flavin, napthalimide
`ries are the source and any combination of longer
`and coumarin derivatives. Data on absorption and
`wavelengths that can be achieved by down-conversion
`emission of selected dyes is given in Table I. Such data
`of frequency. Fortunately, the argon-ion laser satisfies
`may be used to optimize screen composition for a give
`this necessary condition.
`55 laser source.
`TABLE I.-ABSORPTION AND FLUORESCENCE BA.NOS OF DYES IN
`AQUEOUS OR AL'COIIOLIC S01,UTIONS
`(Approxlmnte limits o! b•nds In A.; peaks ol bonds in parontbesos)
`Flu~ce
`Flratabsorp- - - - - - - - - - - - -
`I.Ion band
`Dond Color
`
`Compounds
`I. X&ntbene:
`Ftuoran .•••.•.•••••••.••••.
`Fluoresocln (dlhydroxy(cid:173)
`lluornu).
`Eosln (tetrabromonuores(cid:173)
`wn.
`Erythrosln (1<1t.ralodonuo(cid:173)
`rescefn).
`n:"1rn~~~n~:=i,.
`
`u.v. { 2.~~ }v10~1,sttong.
`4,400-5,200
`6, I00~.000 Yollow-groen, vory strong.
`4-~m) 6•~::fi' Yellow,sLrong.
`(t , 040)
`(6, 180)
`
`4• ~ . 660 6• l80-.'I, 8SO Yellow ,v•·k
`(6,376)
`(5, 166)
`'
`-
`.
`(5,4lS){ 6, 60<Hl, 700 omni:e, very weak.
`(6,000)
`
`(cid:47)(cid:50)(cid:58)(cid:40)(cid:54) 1022, Page 5
`
`VIZIO Ex. 1022 Page 0005
`
`

`

`s
`TABLE !.- ABSORPTION ANO FLUORESCENCE BANDS OF DYES IN
`AQUEOUS OR ALOOHOLIO SOLUTIONS-C'on1;nu<d
`(Apprcwmato limits o! bonds ID A.; peab ol bilnds ID pereJlthosos)
`
`3,691,482
`
`6
`
`Co111POunds
`
`Rhodamlno B extra ••....••• {
`Rhodamlne6 o •........... {
`Aeridine red • ••••••• •• ••••••
`Pyronlne B •••••••••••.•.•••
`ll. Aerldfno·
`Aorldlno ••.••••••••••••..•••
`Aeridfno yellow •••.•..••••••
`Euchrysino ••••••••• ••..••••
`R boonlne A •••• •••••• .•••••
`AertJlavlne (lrypallavlno-. •
`Ill. Atlne:
`Mogdala red •••••••••••.•••• ,
`
`Fluoresc:mce
`F!rst absorp- - -- - - -- -- - - -
`Uon bsnd
`Band Color
`6, 60t;~ ) Rod, strong.
`4,800-6,000
`(6,600)
`6•,t~ )Yellow,strong,
`4,8~
`900
`(6,2e0)
`•.~coo
`6,500-G,800 OrH&e medium.
`6,~,900
`Do.
`6, l!OIHl,600
`(cid:141) , 000(cid:157)
`3, 000-4, liOO
`, 800 Dluo--violot., modlum.
`U.V.-6,200 4, 760-6.tOO Orcon.
`O.V.-6,4001 6•its:> }oreonlsh yellow. modlum.
`
`U.V.-6, 100 4, 700-6,600 Graen, weak.
`U. V.-6, 000
`4. 861HI, 000 Yellowlsh-groon, strong.
`4•000C::m, 6•~~~ }Red,mong.
`(6,300) •••••••••• •••. Yellow•rod.
`
`lV. ~::~:,··················
`T hloniru, •• ••••••••••••••••• {
`4, 800.;;.300 -········ ··· · }oranco, ,nodium.
`(6,800) ••••••••••••••
`Methyleno blue •••••••.•.•••
`6, 600-7, 000 ............... R od, medium. _
`A napthalimide dye; 4•amino, I ,8•napthal p•xenyJi. 20 However, suitable choices of phosphors can readily
`mide (yellow-green) and two Rhodamine dyes (orange
`be made so that no compensation is needed. This may
`and red) are exemplary. Their emission spectra for
`be accomplished, for example, by blending particulate
`4,880 A. excitation exhibit peaks at 5,300 A. (yellow•
`mixtures of blue, yellow and red emitting phosphors.
`green), 6,050 A. (orange•red) and 6,200 A (red),
`Under such circumstances, the phosphor layer is
`respectively. It has been determined that their lifetimes 25 designed so as to result in little or no reflection. This
`are all considerably less than I microsecond and their
`may be accomplished by providing for essentially
`absorption cross sections are so large that the entire
`cornplete absorption <i11d rnini{Tlal reflection.
`laser beam is absorbed within the thin films which are
`It 1s apparen! that tmal design of' a phosphor screen
`approximately 0.1 mm thick. Their absorption bands
`depends upon power levels, laser wavelength, phosphor
`are quite broad, including essentially all of the violet 30 absorption level, and emission wavelength. Reflection
`and blue and a portion of the green. It has been esti•
`of unconverted laser emission may be enhanced by
`mated that their quantum efficiencies are above 50 per•
`using thin coatings, by reflective backings (although
`cent. Thus, these materials are well suited for laser dis•
`this also results in additional secondary emission during
`play systems.
`retraversal) and by incorporation of "inert" reflective
`The colors of these fluorescing dyes may be modified 35 material such as ta_!_c. __ _
`somewhat by varying the type of carrier which is used
`In the maf~. inventive novelty is premised on
`to form pigments, and to a lesser extent by varying the
`phosphor composition and the chromaticity balance
`type of vehicle, or binder, into which the pigment is in-
`achieved between the laser wavelength and the emis•
`corporated. It is also possible to modify colors by com•
`sion wavelength. Display systems have been discussed
`bining fluorescent dyes with nonfluorescent dyes that 40 in terms of one exemplary arrangement. Variations
`selectively absorb a portion of the emission spectrum.
`may utilize a laser source which is behind rather than in
`For example, the emission spectrum of the naphthali-
`front of a screen and a variety of other arrangements
`mide dye (type 3485) shown in FIG. I peaks at 5,300
`for folding beams, for modulation, for deflection, etc.
`A. in the green. Normally this fluorescence appears to
`What is claimed is:
`have a yellowish.green cast due to the broad tail of the 45
`1. Visual display apparatus comprising a laser for
`emission spectrum which extends into the yellow and
`emitting at a wavelength in the visible spectrum, first
`red. However, this tail can be substantially reduced by
`means for amplitude modulating the output of such
`the addition of a nonfluorescing green toner such as
`laser, second means for deflecting said beam, and a
`phthalocyanine which absorbs in the yellow and red.
`screen, characterized in that said screen comprises a
`The result then is a tradeoff of brightness for the ability so layer of a phosphorescent composition consisting es•
`to limit the spectral content.
`sentially of at least one organic colorant, in which ap•
`In contrast to the many yellow and red emitting dyes,
`paratus the said laser emits at a wavelength between
`blue emitting dyes are less common. However, ex•
`0.3 and 0.53µ and the said phosphorescent composi-
`amination of pyrelene in dilute alcoholic solutions in•
`tion appears to the eye to fluoresce essentially white, it
`dicates that it is blue-fluorescing when excited by short 55 being a characteristic of such apparatus that a visual
`wavelength blue light such as the 4,579 A. emission of
`display resulting from use is essentially free from
`an argon laser or the 4,416 A. emission of a cadmium
`speckle.
`laser, while it becomes green fluorescing under longer
`2. Apparatus of clam
`in which
`the said
`wavelength blue excitation such as the 4,880 A. line of
`phosphorescent composition and screen design are
`an argon laser. In addition, pigments of coumarin 60 such that a portion of the laser emission is unconverted
`which fluoresce blue under near ultraviolet excitation
`so that the combination of reflected laser emission and
`are commercially available.
`the phosphor emission from the screen appears approx-
`3. Design Criteria
`imately white.
`While occasions may arise in which it is desired to
`3. Apparatus of claim I in which the laser is an
`produce colored or off.white images, the more signifi• 65 argon.ion laser.
`cant aspect of the invention is concerned with white or
`4. Apparatus of claim I in which the laser is a cadmi-
`near•white images. In the system using an argon or cad.
`um•ion laser.
`mium laser, white images may result by adjustment of
`S. Apparatus of claim I in which the phosphor com-
`the screen composition to a yellow cast so that
`position contains at least one fluorescent organic com-
`reflected blue adds in to give a whiter image.
`ponent selected from the group consisting of coumarin,
`
`I0I0j)
`
`(cid:47)(cid:50)(cid:58)(cid:40)(cid:54) 1022, Page 6
`
`VIZIO Ex. 1022 Page 0006
`
`

`

`3,691,482
`
`7
`xanthene, acridine, Rhodamine naphthalimide, azinc,
`thiazine, type compounds.
`6. Apparatus of claim S in which the said component
`is selected from the group consisting of pyrelene, 7-
`diethylamino 4-methyl coumarin, Rhodamine B, 5
`Rhodamine 6G, acridine, 4-amino 1,8-naphthal p(cid:173)
`xenylimide.
`7. Apparatus of claim I in which the said first means
`
`10
`
`15
`
`20
`
`25
`
`30
`
`35
`
`40
`
`45
`
`so
`
`55
`
`60
`
`65
`
`8
`is an electro-optic modulator and in which the said
`second means is c1n acousto-optic deflector.
`8. Apparatus uf claim I in which the said first and
`second means depend upon an acousto-optic interac(cid:173)
`tion.
`9. Apparatus of claim 7 in which the said first and
`second means constitute a single unit.
`• • • • •
`
`(cid:47)(cid:50)(cid:58)(cid:40)(cid:54) 1022, Page 7
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`VIZIO Ex. 1022 Page 0007
`
`