` UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
` BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
` IPR2018-00766 (U.S. Patent No. 7,391,791)
` IPR2018-00767 (U.S. Patent No. 8,942,252)
`_______________________________________________________
` DEPOSITION OF: ATIF HASHMI, PH.D. - MARCH 8, 2019
`_______________________________________________________
`
` SONOS, INC.,
`
` Petitioner,
`
` v.
`
` IMPLICIT, LLC,
`
` Patent Owner.
`_______________________________________________________
`
` PURSUANT TO NOTICE AND AGREEMENT, the
`DEPOSITION OF ATIF HASHMI, PH.D., was taken on behalf
`of the Petitioner at 1475 California Street, Denver,
`Colorado 80202, on March 8, 2019, at 9:33 a.m., before
`Doreen Girdeen, Certified Realtime Reporter, Registered
`Merit Reporter, and Notary Public within Colorado.
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`David Feldman Worldwide
`A Veritext Company
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`www.veritext.com
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`SONOS EXHIBIT 1020
`IPR OF U.S. Pat. No. 8,942,252
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`Page 2
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` A P P E A R A N C E S
`For the Petitioner: COLE B. RICHTER, ESQ.
` SEAN M. SULLIVAN, ESQ.
` Lee Sullivan Shea & Smith LLP
` 656 West Randolph Street
` Suite 5W
` Chicago, Illinois 60661
` (312) 754-9602
` richter@ls3ip.com
` sullivan@ls3ip.com
`For the Patent Owner: CHRISTIAN HURT, ESQ.
` The Davis Firm, PC
` 213 North Fredonia Street
` Suite 230
` Longview, Texas 75601
` (903) 230-9090
` churt@davisfirm.com
`Also Present: None
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`SONOS EXHIBIT 1020
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` I N D E X
` PAGE
`EXAMINATION OF ATIF HASHMI, PH.D.:
`March 8, 2019
`By Mr. Richter: 5
`By Mr. Hurt: 184
` INITIAL
`DEPOSITION EXHIBITS REFERENCE
`Exhibit 2019 Timesync send function 169
`Exhibit 2051 Source code that corresponds 91
` to the file speaker.c
`Exhibit 2057 Source code that corresponds 117
` to the file timesync.rule file
`Exhibit 2088 Source code that corresponds 85
` to the file sampleclock.c
`(Electronically marked.)
`PREVIOUSLY MARKED DEPOSITION INITIAL
`EXHIBITS: REFERENCE
`Exhibit 1001 Copies of the 791 and 252 patents 26
`Exhibit 1009 Dr. Roman Chertov's declaration 50
`Exhibit 2043 Source code that corresponds to the 82
` file avidemux.c.
`Exhibit 2080 Atif Hashmi's declaration (Sonos v. 8
` Implicit, IPR2018-0766, -0767)
`Exhibit 2081 Claim charts U.S. Patent No. 9
` 7,391,791
`Exhibit 2082 Claim charts U.S. Patent No. 9
` 8,942,252
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` I N D E X, Continued
` INFORMATION REQUESTED:
` (None)
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` QUESTIONS INSTRUCTED NOT TO ANSWER:
` (None)
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` ATIF HASHMI, PH.D.,
`having been first duly sworn to state the whole truth,
`testified as follows:
` EXAMINATION
`BY MR. RICHTER:
` Q. Good morning, Dr. Hashmi.
` Could you please state and spell your full
`name for the record.
` A. Yes. My full name is Atif Hashmi. A-t-i-f
`H-a-s-h-m-i.
` Q. What's your home address?
` A. 4974 Bridgepoint Place, Union City,
`California.
` Q. How many times have you been deposed?
` A. Three times before.
` Q. And were those all patent cases?
` A. No.
` Q. How many patent cases have you been deposed
`in?
` A. None.
` Q. Just generally, what was the nature of each
`of those three cases in which you gave deposition
`testimony?
` A. Source code analysis.
` Q. And that's source code analysis for all three
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`of those cases?
` A. That's right.
` Q. Since they were not patent cases, were they
`trade secret cases?
` A. No.
` Q. What was the -- just the general nature of
`the dispute in each of those three cases?
` MR. HURT: Objection. Relevance.
` A. Source code copyright infringement.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) So since you've been
`deposed before, you may know these ground rules
`already. But I'll just take a couple of minutes just
`to go over them again, in case they may be helpful.
` So as you probably know, the way this is
`going to work is that I'm going to ask you questions,
`and you're going to give us truthful answers. And your
`counsel, Mr. Hurt, may object from time to time. But
`unless he instructs you not to answer, we'll expect an
`answer. Is that okay?
` A. Yes.
` Q. If you don't understand a question or you
`need clarification, please ask. I'm happy to rephrase
`if anything is confusing. But otherwise, I'll
`understand that you -- I'll assume that you understand
`the question. Is that okay?
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` A. Yeah.
` Q. And if you need a break at any time, please
`let me know, and we'll accommodate any breaks that
`you'd like. However, if we have a question pending, I
`may just ask for an answer before we break. Is that
`okay?
` A. Yeah.
` Q. Great.
` A. So along the same line, typically, when you
`ask me a question, I'll listen to your question and
`I'll take a brief pause to make sure I understand it.
`And if I don't, I'll ask you to rephrase it or
`reiterate it, and then I'll answer that question.
` Is that fair?
` Q. That's great.
` A. Okay.
` Q. And as you are aware, the court reporter here
`is transcribing our discussion. And so, just a
`friendly reminder that verbal answers are best. So try
`to refrain from uh-huhs or head shakes. Is that fair?
` A. Sure.
` Q. Do you have any questions about the procedure
`before we begin?
` A. No.
` THE DEPONENT: I think, just for the court
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`reporter, if I start talking slow, like in a low
`volume, just to let me know. Sometimes when I'm
`talking, I just start to go down. So if you notice
`that, just give me a buzz.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) Is there any reason why you
`are not able to testify truthfully today?
` A. No.
` Q. Are you on any medication, intoxicated, or
`aware of any other circumstance that may render you
`unable to give truthful testimony today?
` A. No.
` Q. Great.
` So you submitted two declarations in these
`IPR proceedings; is that correct?
` A. That is right.
` Q. And so I want to focus primarily on your
`declaration that is -- or has been previously marked as
`Exhibit 2080. And I think you told me that you brought
`a paper copy of that today. So please feel free to
`refer to that at any time. I have extra copies if you
`need. And maybe I'll just give one to Mr. Hurt as a
`courtesy.
` MR. HURT: You're not marking this as Exhibit
`1?
` MR. RICHTER: You know, we've been proceeding
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`with just using the --
` MR. HURT: -- the IPR exhibit numbers?
` MR. RICHTER: The IPR exhibit numbers.
` A. Just so I have the right volume, this is the
`exhibit you are referring to?
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) Yes. That's the -- yes,
`that looks correct.
` There are two additional exhibits that are
`claim charts. There is Exhibit 2081, and that's a
`claim chart for the 791 patent. And there's Exhibit
`2082, and that's a claim chart for the 252 patent. It
`looks like you may have brought paper copies of those
`with you as well. So please feel free to refer to
`those as well.
` MR. RICHTER: And I'll hand Mr. Hurt paper
`copies, in case he wants to look at those.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) So, Dr. Hashmi, in Exhibit
`2080, you provided an opinion that the BeComm source
`code practices the claims of the 791 patent and the 252
`patent; is that correct?
` A. As long as by the "BeComm" code you mean the
`Implicit source code as I referred to it in my
`declaration.
` Q. Yes. Actually, I appreciate that. Yes.
`Let's refer to that as the Implicit source code as you
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`refer to it in your declaration.
` Can you take me through the methodology of
`how you arrived at that opinion?
` A. Yes. So I was provided with the CVS
`repository of the Implicit source code, and I was asked
`to review the source code prior to certain dates. I
`used the CVS repository to extract out the snapshot of
`the source code that existed prior to November 1, 2001.
`And I looked at another version -- or extracted another
`version of the source code that was prior to November
`15, 2001.
` After I had the two code bases and I analyzed
`the source code to get a high-level understanding of
`how it's implemented, afterwards, I reviewed the code
`in the light of the -- the -- the asserted -- or how do
`we say -- challenged claims with understanding of the
`terms as they were construed by Dr. Chertov in his IPR
`declaration. And then I did my analysis and prepared
`the claim charts. And based on the claim charts, I
`prepared my opening declaration.
` Q. Thank you. That was very helpful.
` Did you do anything else that you can recall
`to prepare this declaration?
` A. I relied on the source code. I relied on the
`documents that I have listed in my declaration as to
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`the material I relied upon to form my opinions.
` Q. So the first thing you mentioned was that you
`were provided with the source code repository. Can you
`recall when you were provided with that repository?
` A. I don't remember the exact date. Let's say
`November of last year.
` Q. So that's November of 2018?
` A. That sounds about right, yeah.
` Q. And then, Dr. Hashmi --
` A. It could have been late October. Again, I'm
`a bit not clear on the exact date.
` Q. Okay. And can you tell me how or in what
`form you were provided with that repository?
` A. If I recall correctly, I was provided with a
`Dropbox link from where I downloaded the repository
`file.
` Q. And at that Dropbox link, was the source code
`repository contained within a single file?
` A. That is right.
` Q. Do you recall what type of file that was?
` A. It was a -- it was a compressed file.
` Q. Do you have experience with CVS repository
`files?
` A. I have worked with repositories, in general,
`including CVS, SVN, GIT -- different versions --
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`throughout my career.
` Q. Who provided you with the link that you
`referred to earlier?
` A. I don't remember. In this case, I worked
`with several attorneys, so I don't exactly know who
`sent me that email. If it's important, I can look
`through my email and get you that answer.
` Q. No. I appreciate that.
` Can you -- sitting here today, can you recall
`if it was an attorney from the Davis Firm as opposed to
`an attorney from another firm, say, Singer/Bea?
` A. I don't know.
` Q. Okay. About how long would you estimate that
`you spent reviewing the source code before preparing
`your declaration?
` MR. HURT: Objection. Lacks foundation.
` Go ahead.
` A. The process of preparation of the
`declaration, to me, is a continuous process. So as I
`was preparing or analyzing my source code, I was also
`taking notes on what I see in some of those notes. And
`eventually, it ended up in the -- in the draft of the
`declaration.
` So it's not that I did my analysis and then I
`started writing stuff. It's a continuous process.
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` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) So is it fair to say it was
`just a generally continuous -- from around November of
`2018 until when you signed your declaration in -- or on
`December 18, 2018?
` A. On and off, yes.
` Q. And did you review source code files
`primarily electronically, in paper, or both?
` A. To prepare my declaration, I reviewed the
`source code electronically.
` Q. So I think you had also told me that part of
`your methodically was that you reviewed the source code
`in light of the claims. So did you mean the claims of
`each of the 791 and the 252 patents?
` A. If I recall, I said the challenged claims.
`So the challenged claims for 791 and the challenged
`claims for 252 patents.
` Q. Got it.
` And is it fair to say, then, that you
`reviewed the 791 patent and the 252 patent in the
`preparation of your declaration?
` A. Yes. I reviewed the specification and the
`claims of the 791 and the 252 patent.
` Q. Can you estimate for me about how long you
`spent reviewing the patents?
` A. Again, as I said, it started in November and
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`it was a continuous process. I didn't -- I listed
`here, I can't give you an exact number.
` Q. Did you also review the file histories of the
`patents?
` A. I don't believe so.
` Q. Did you construe the challenged claims of the
`patents?
` A. Can you explain that?
` Q. Sure.
` Did you apply definitions to any of the claim
`terms of the challenged claims of the patents?
` A. What do you mean by "definitions"?
` Q. Well, let me ask you. Do you have a
`understanding of what "definition" means?
` A. In general, I do what -- I do understand what
`"definition" means.
` Q. Well, in reviewing or analyzing the source
`code in light of the challenged claims, did you have an
`understanding of the meaning of the terms of the
`challenged claims?
` MR. HURT: Objection. Lacks foundation.
` A. I think, if I recall correctly, I mentioned
`that I used Dr. Chertov's declaration in which he has
`described the construction of the terms as the basis of
`my understanding of how the terms are used.
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` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) What about -- well, I
`guess, just so I understand, then. In -- in analyzing
`the source code and coming to an opinion that the
`source code meets the elements of the challenged
`claims, am I correct that you applied Dr. Chertov's
`definition for the claim terms where he provided such a
`definition?
` A. That is correct.
` Q. What about for claim terms that Dr. Chertov
`did not provide a definition for?
` A. For those terms, I used my understanding of
`how the terms would be interpreted by a person of
`ordinary skill in the art.
` Q. Okay. And what definition did you use for a
`person of ordinary skill in the art?
` A. I believe I -- I reviewed Dr. Chertov's
`declaration, and I used the use definition as he has
`described in his declaration.
` Q. Do you have an opinion on whether
`Dr. Chertov's proposed constructions are correct?
` A. I think I stated in my declaration that I
`used those definitions but I don't have an opinion on,
`at the moment, whether I -- whether they are correct or
`not.
` Q. Okay. Do you have an opinion on whether the
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`inventions of the 791 and 252 patents were reduced to
`practice?
` A. Can you explain what you mean by "reduced to
`practice"?
` Q. Sure.
` Let me just ask you. Do you have an
`understanding of what "reduced to practice" means?
` A. I would appreciate it if you can explain it.
` Q. Well, does that mean you don't have an
`understanding of what it means?
` MR. HURT: Objection. Mischaracterizes
`testimony. Calls for a legal conclusion.
` A. Again, I think the term is a legal term, so I
`want to make sure, like, I get it right. I'm not a
`legal -- I don't have a legal background, so I don't
`want to put in a definition of something that doesn't
`fall into my expertise here.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) And that's fair.
` And I'm not asking you to apply any legal
`definitions or legal terms. But if you have an
`understanding of what "reduction to practice" means,
`I'd like to use that understanding in my question. But
`if you don't have an understanding of what that means,
`then maybe we can move on. I can figure out another
`way to ask it.
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` So I guess my question, then, is, do you have
`an understanding of what "reduction to practice" means?
` MR. HURT: Same objections.
` A. So again, with the -- with the clarification
`that I'm not a legal person here -- well, I'm a legal
`person; I'm not a person with a legal background -- I
`can put forward what I think the term -- understanding
`you can correct me if I'm not correct.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) Happy to.
` A. To me, it would mean whether the practice --
`the code -- the source code ran.
` Is that fair? Or...
` Q. Yeah. I think that's a fair understanding,
`if that's your understanding of reduction to practice.
` So let me ask the question, then, using that
`definition.
` Do you have an opinion on whether the
`inventions of the 791 and 252 patents were reduced to
`practice?
` MR. HURT: Objection. Calls for a legal
`conclusion.
` A. I did not run the source code.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) So would it be fair for me
`to say, then, you do not have an opinion on whether the
`inventions of the 791 and 252 patents were reduced to
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`practice?
` MR. HURT: Same objection.
` A. I don't think that's what I said.
` There are several ways where you can
`determine whether the source code that you're examining
`has the possibility to run or not. And I was -- as I
`was reviewing source code where the entire repository
`contained all the elements that constituted a source
`code that I was provided with, I saw that the code, as
`it was implemented, was consistent with how a typical
`source code entity or base -- source code base is
`implemented.
` And from that sense, I did not see any
`markers where it would suggest that code would not run.
` Now, having said that, as I said, I did not
`run the code myself.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) And just so I'm clear.
`When you say that you did not run the code, can you
`tell me what you mean by -- what you mean by "run the
`code"?
` A. Sure.
` By running the code, I mean that I did not
`compile the code to produce a binding file that I can
`execute on a computer.
` Q. So using your definition of "reduction to
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`practice" from earlier -- and I think it was whether
`the source code ran -- do you have an opinion on
`whether the source code was reduced to practice?
` MR. HURT: Objection. Calls for a legal
`conclusion. Asked and answered.
` A. Again, I think a -- what I have stated
`previously is that I did not run the code. However,
`based on my review of the code, I did not see any items
`or elements that would suggest otherwise.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) Let me ask you this. Can
`you point me to somewhere in your declaration, Exhibit
`2080, where you offer an opinion regarding the
`reduction to practice?
` A. I don't offer an opinion on reduction to
`practice. You're asking me a question here. I'm
`trying to answer that question here.
` Q. Okay. That's fair.
` A. Again, I want to make sure that we understand
`the scope of my declaration. My declaration was to
`review the source code as it existed as of November
`1st, 2001, and November 15, of 2001, and determine
`whether the source code practiced the challenged claims
`of the two -- 791 and the 252 patents. But that is the
`scope of my declaration that we are reviewing right
`now.
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` Q. So you just said that your declaration was to
`review the source code as it existed as of November 1,
`2001, and November 2015, 2001, and determine whether
`the source code practiced the challenged claims. But I
`think you also just told me that you didn't run the
`source code.
` So you don't really know whether the source
`code practiced the challenged claims, do you?
` MR. HURT: Objection. Mischaracterizes
`testimony.
` A. I don't think that's what I said. In terms
`of determining whether source code practices a certain
`claim and limitation, you can analyze the source code
`to understand how the source code is implemented. And,
`based on that, you can establish whether the source
`code practices a claim limitation or not.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) But since you didn't run
`the source code, you can't really know if it works, can
`you?
` A. What do you mean by "it works"?
` Q. Well, I mean that the source code engages in
`the functionality that you say it engages in.
` A. But that's exactly what the source code
`review tells me. When I look at the source code, I
`review and analyze the functions within the source code
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`and I see how instructions are used to implement those
`functions.
` I can very accurately determine how those
`instructions would operate as they are implemented
`within the source code. And that is what tells me
`whether those instructions, as they are implemented,
`would exercise or practice the challenged claims or any
`claim limitation or not.
` Q. So your testimony is that you can determine
`how the instructions would operate as they are
`implemented within the source code without having run
`the source code?
` A. My testimony is that by analyzing the source
`code, you can understand the functionality that is
`implemented by the source code.
` Q. But your testimony is that you can understand
`the functionality without having actually run the
`source code?
` A. That is right.
` Q. How do you know for certain that the source
`code could be compiled and run successfully?
` A. I don't see if I rendered that opinion in my
`declarations.
` Are you asking me to form an opinion here
`or...
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` Q. No. I can rephrase, actually.
` How about I phrase it as, do you know for
`certain that the source code could be compiled and run
`successfully?
` A. I did not compile the code. I did not run
`the code. I don't have an opinion on that.
` What I stated before was that as I reviewed
`the source code, I saw that it was implemented in a
`manner where it was consistent with how I see source
`code implemented.
` Q. But, to be clear, you don't know whether the
`source code would run?
` MR. HURT: Objection.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) Is that correct?
` MR. HURT: Mischaracterizes prior testimony.
` A. I think I mentioned that I did not run the
`code.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) Yeah. Let me direct you to
`paragraph 31 of your declaration. And so the second
`sentence of that paragraph says, Based on my review,
`the Implicit Source Code implements the intended
`purpose to synchronize audio and video content in the
`manner I describe in this declaration and the
`accompanying claim charts.
` And my question is, when you said "intended
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`purpose," what did you mean?
` A. The purpose to synchronize audio and video
`content.
` Q. So were you referring to the intended purpose
`of the source code or the intended purpose of the
`challenged claims?
` A. As I said, that the intended purpose is to
`synchronize audio and video content.
` Q. The intended purpose of what?
` A. The intended purpose as is implemented by the
`Implicit source code. My statement is "Implement
`source -- Implicit Source Code implements the intended
`purpose to synchronize audio and video content."
` Q. But what has that intended purpose?
` MR. HURT: Objection. Ambiguous.
` A. What has that intended purpose? The
`functionality implemented by the source code.
` Again, the declaration is in the light of the
`claims -- the patent. So the functionality is being
`reviewed within the scope of the patent. So it's
`something that is used to describe or understand how
`the claim limitations of the patent are practiced by
`the Implicit source code.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) How did you come to the
`conclusion that the intended purpose of the source code
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`was to synchronize audio and video content?
` MR. HURT: Objection. Lacks foundation.
` A. So I did my analysis and I've cited all of
`that analysis in my claim charts and summarized it in
`my declaration. That was the entire process by which I
`came to that conclusion.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) And to be clear, the
`intended purpose of the source code was to synchronize
`audio and video content on a master device to at least
`one slave device? Do I have that right?
` A. That is one of the examples, yeah, that I
`discussed in my claim charts.
` Q. Do the challenged claims have an intended
`purpose of synchronizing audio and video?
` MR. HURT: Objection. Calls for a legal
`conclusion. Outside the scope.
` A. Yeah. I don't fully comprehend that -- that
`question. Like, what do you mean by the intended
`purpose of the claims?
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) That's fair. Let me ask
`this. Do you have an opinion on what the intended
`purpose of the challenged claims is?
` A. Again, I'm having difficulty with
`understanding the question. Like, specifically, when
`you say intended purpose of the claim, my understanding
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`is that a claim describes a certain aspect that is
`disclosed and then mentioned, which is being claimed.
`So I don't know what you mean by the intended purpose.
` Is the intended purpose what is being claimed
`in the claim limitation or something else?
` Q. Well, actually, let me ask it this way. Can
`you give me a brief overview of the subject matter of
`the challenged claims?
` MR. HURT: Calls for a legal conclusion.
` A. I can describe what I understand based on
`reviewing the packet specification of the claims. The
`patent describes a system that has the ability to
`describe a system which may consist of multiple devices
`which play -- which has -- and those devices have the
`ability to play multimedia audio or video or any other
`form in a manner where the -- the playing of the
`multimedia is synchronized between the devices.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) Okay. And can you help me
`understand a little more specifically which playback on
`which devices is being synchronized?
` MR. HURT: Objection. Calls for a legal
`conclusion. Outside the scope of direct.
` A. As I understand, the invention -- one of the
`examples is a system having a master and a slave device
`where both the devices are playing some multimedia
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`content and they are synchronizing. And that is
`synchronized between the master and the slave.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) Okay. And you said that
`was one of the examples. Are you aware of other
`examples?
` MR. HURT: Same objections.
` A. I'll have to go through the claim chart to --
`like, there's multiple examples on the claim chart. I
`gave you one.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) So then do the claims
`require at least one slave device?
` MR. HURT: Objection. Calls for a legal
`conclusion.
` A. I will have to read the claim to determine
`that.
` Q. (BY MR. RICHTER) So I'm going to hand you
`copies of the 791 and 252 patents. These are each
`labeled Exhibit 1001.
` A. Thank you.
` Q. So can I have you turn to Claim 1 of the 791
`patent and just have you read through that claim