`
`NEWTflN’S
`TELEBUIVI
`DIBTIIJNABY
`
`LAN and WAN Networking
`
`.. a: .w
`_._ 1“
`E393“ Eiiriiofi
`The Ollicial Dictionary of Telecommunications
`Computer Telephony, Data Communications
`Voice Processing, lniernet Telephony
`Windows 95 & NT Communications
`
`Petitioner Sirius XM Radio Inc. — Exhibit 1032, p. 1
`Sirius XM V. Fraunhofer — IPR2018-00690
`
`US. Patent No. 6,314,289
`
`Petitioner Sirius XM Radio Inc. – Exhibit 1032, p. 1
`Sirius XM v. Fraunhofer – IPR2018-00690
`U.S. Patent No. 6,314,289
`
`

`

`NEWTON'S TELECOM DICTIONARY
`
`NEWTON'S TELECOM DICTIONARY
`
`A Flatiron Publishing, Inc. Book
`copyright © 1996 Harry Newton
`published by Flatiron Publishing, inc.
`
`All rights reserved under international and Pan-American Copyright conventions, including the
`right to reproduce this book or portions thereof in any form whatsoever. Published in the United
`States by Flatiron Publishing, lnc., New York.
`
`12 West 21 Street
`New York, NY 10010
`212—691-8215 Fax 212-691-1191
`1-800-999-0345
`1-800-LIBRARY
`Email harrynewton@mcimail.com
`
`ISBN # 0-936648—87-2
`
`July, 1996
`
`Manufactured in the Uc'ie: States :" l”? :3
`
`Petitioner Sirius XM Radio Inc. — Exhibit 1032, p. 2
`Sirius XM V. Fraunhofer — IPR2018-00690
`
`US. Patent No. 6,314,289
`
`Petitioner Sirius XM Radio Inc. – Exhibit 1032, p. 2
`Sirius XM v. Fraunhofer – IPR2018-00690
`U.S. Patent No. 6,314,289
`
`

`

`— N
`
`EWTON’S TELECOM DICTIONARY
`
`in the R0 m PBX, each
`
`
`
`
`
`Distribution Cable, Inside Plant Cables usually running horizontally from a closet on a given floor within a building.
`:‘stribution cables may be under carpet, simplex, duplex, quad, or higher fiber count cables.
`Distribution Cable, Outside Plant The cable running from a central office or remote terminal to the side of a sub—
`33riber’s lot.
`Distribution Frame Cables coming in from thousands of subscribers need to connect to the correct ports on a central office.
`Similarly. cables coming in from many PBX extensions need to connect to the PBX. The cables could be directly wired to the CO
`:' to the PBX. This would be inflexible.
`It would make future moves and changes a high mare. So the solution is something
`:alled a Distribution Frame. Basically it‘s a giant wire connecting devices made of metal. There are no electronics in it whatso-
`ever. On one side we punch down the wires coming in from the outside world. On the other side, we punch down tie wires com—
`19 in Irorn the CO or PBX. Both sides are connected with wire that’s called “jumper” wire. By putting off one end of the jumper
`.vire and moving it to another location we can quickly change phone numbers, add or sub ract cabling (one, two or three pairs
`'or normal or electronic phones, etc). In big central offices, distribution frames can span whole city blocks and the “jumper”
`.vires can be several hundred yards long. Designing distribution frames and their layou in advance is critica, otherwise it
`:ecomes a mess and tracing where jumper wires go becomes an enormously time consur ing job.
`Distribution Group 1. A group made of phone extensions on a PBX arranged to share the load.
`group is assigned a dummy extension number called a pilot number.
`2. A group of telephone extensions on an automatic call distributor (ACD). The ACD answers the incoming calls tien checks to
`see if any agents' phones are free.
`If none are free, it delivers the caller a message and the puts the caller on hold. Which line
`:he call has come in on may determine which group of agents should handle that call. They would be called a Distribution Group.
`Since the call is released from hold, it may be sent to a member of that Distribution Group following some pre—dete mined math-
`ematical formula _ for example, so that everyone’s workload is kept constant, or a group of people are kept busy.
`Distribution Service In ISDN applications, a telecommunications sen/ice that allows o sway of information from one point
`in the network to other points in the network with or without user individual presentation control.
`Distribution Voltage Drop The voltage drop between any two defined points of interest in a power distribution system.
`Distributor A company with a contractual relationship with a manufacturer to buy equipment at a preset price. "he manufac-
`turer provides training, advertising and warranty support. Often called an authorized dealer, although a dealer may be one step
`lower in the distribution chain. A distributor is often used as a generic term for any supplier.
`'herefore you should 0 arify whether
`a distributor is an authorized distributor.
`DIT Directory Information Tree. The global tree of entries corresponding to information objects in the OSI X500 Directory.
`Dithering Dithering is an imaging term with at least two meanings. One meaning that it’s the processing of an image con—
`taining more colors than a system can handle to an image containing exactly the right number of colors that the sys em can hane
`dle. For example, some of the color images on my laptop contain 16 million colors. But my laptop (the way I have 't set up) will
`only handle 256 colors. If I ask my image display software to display that image, it will “dither" it to 256 colors. ” his means it
`will give its best shot guess at what the image should look like.
`In another meaning, dithering is patterning black and white dots to approximate shades of grey on a scanned image.
`Diurnal Phase Shift T 6 phase shift of electromagnetic signals associated with daily changes in the ionosphe e. The major
`changes usually occur durirg the period of time when sunrise or sunset is present at critical points along the path, Significant
`phase shifts may occur on paths wherein a reflection area of the path is subject to a large tidal range, In cable systems, signifi
`cant phase shifts can be occasioned by diurnal temperature variance,
`Diversity In microwave communications, the strength of a microwave signal can decrease for many reasons — heat, rain,
`fog, etc. This is not good it he objective is to get reliable communications. One solution is to simultaneously send and receive
`two microwave signals at sl‘ghtly different frequencies. Since different frequencies respond differently to weather problems, the
`likelihood is that at least one will get through well. This is called diversity.
`Diversity Combiner A circuit or device for combining two or more signals carrying the same information received via sep—
`arate paths or channels witi the objective or providing a single resultant signal that is superior in quality to any of the con—
`tributing signals.
`Divestiture On January 8, 1982 AT&T signed a Consent Decree with the U.S. Department of Justice, stipulating that on mid-
`night December 30. 1983. AT&T would dives
`itself of its 22 telephone operating companies. According to the terms of the
`Divestiture, those 22 operat'ng Bell telephone companies would be formed into seven regional holding companies of roughly
`equal size. Terms of the Divestiture placed bus'ness restrictions on AT&T and the 3003. These restrictions were threefold: The
`3003 weren‘t allowed into ong distance, equ'pment manufacturing, or information services. AT&T wasn‘t allowed into local
`telecommunications (ie.
`to compete with the 3063). But
`it was allowed into computers. The federal Judge overseeing
`Divestiture, Judge Harold Greene, is slowing the lifting the restrictions against the 8003 being allowed into information ser—
`vices. He has stayed firm on the other two — equipment manufacturing and long distance.
`nrw Type D Inside Wire. 0 iginated as a spec'fic AT&T cable. Now commonly used to describe any 22, 24, or 26 gauge PVC
`jacketed twisted—pair cable used primarily for irside telephony wiring.
`DIX Connertors A local area network connector. DIX connectors on the transceiver local area network cable link it to the net—
`work; the male DIX connector plugs into the SpeedLink/PCtS and the female DIX connector attaches to an external transceiver.
`DIX Ethernet The DEC, litel, Xerox Etherne standard, also known as Version 1 or Bluebook Ethernet. There are subtle dif-
`ferences between IEEE 802.3 and the DIX Etherret.
`DL 1. Distribution List.
`2. Distance Learning.
`DH: 1. Digital Loop Carrier. Network transmiss'on equipment used to provide a pair gain function. Used in situations in which
`the cost of the DLC equipment is more than offset by the savings in copper distribution accomplished by eliminating need for
`193
`
`
`
`
`
`Petitioner Sirius XM Radio Inc. — Exhibit 1032, p. 3
`Sirius XM V. Fraunhofer — IPR2018-00690
`
`US. Patent No. 6,314,289
`
`Petitioner Sirius XM Radio Inc. – Exhibit 1032, p. 3
`Sirius XM v. Fraunhofer – IPR2018-00690
`U.S. Patent No. 6,314,289
`
`