MOST
`
`Media Oriented Systems Transport
`Multimedia and Control
`Networking Technology
`MOST Specification Framework
`Rev 1.1
`
`Version 1.1-07
`
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation
`
`Jaguar Land Rover
`Exhibit 1008
`Page 001
`
`

`

`MOST®
`Specification Framework
`
`Intellectual Property
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation. Duplication of this document without permission is prohibited.
`All rights reserved. The information within this document is confidential and MOST Cooperation
`intellectual property.
`Trademarks
`
`All trademarks used in this document are proprietary of their respective owners. MOST and OptoLyzer
`are internationally registered trademarks of Oasis SiliconSystems AG.
`Patents
`
`There are a number of patents and patents pending on the MOST technology. The rights to these
`patents are not granted without any specific agreement between the users and the MOST Cooperation.
`
`Support and further Information
`For more information on the MOST Technology, please contact:
`
`MOST Cooperation
`Administration
`P. O. Box 4327
`D-76028 Karlsruhe
`Germany
`
`Tel: (+49) (0) 721 966 50 00
`Fax:(+49) (0) 721 966 50 01
`
`E-mail: contact@mostcooperation.com
`Web: www.mostcooperation.com
`
`Specification Document
`Page 2
`
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation
`MOST Specification Framework Rev 1.1
`Document Version 1.1-07
`
`Jaguar Land Rover
`Exhibit 1008
`Page 002
`
`

`

`MOST®
`Specification Framework
`
`Table Of Contents
`
`INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 7
`1
`Motivation .................................................................................................................................. 7
`1.1
`Objective of the Specification .................................................................................................... 7
`1.2
`Scope of this Specification Framework ..................................................................................... 7
`1.3
`MOST Cooperation.................................................................................................................... 7
`1.4
`How to read this document........................................................................................................ 8
`1.5
`BACKGROUND................................................................................................................................ 9
`2
`Evolution of the MOST Technology........................................................................................... 9
`2.1
`Main Goals of the MOST Technology ....................................................................................... 9
`2.2
`Speed Requirements............................................................................................................... 10
`2.3
`Features .................................................................................................................................. 10
`2.4
`Compatibility ............................................................................................................................ 12
`2.5
`ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW..................................................................................................... 13
`3
`MOST System Description ...................................................................................................... 13
`3.1
`MOST Devices ........................................................................................................................ 14
`3.2
`In General......................................................................................................................... 14
`3.2.1
`Logical Approach.............................................................................................................. 15
`3.2.2
`Hardware.......................................................................................................................... 16
`3.2.3
`Data Types .............................................................................................................................. 17
`3.3
`BUS Protocol ........................................................................................................................... 17
`3.4
`Physical Interface .................................................................................................................... 18
`3.5
`Power Management ................................................................................................................ 18
`3.6
`MOSTTransceiver ................................................................................................................... 19
`3.7
`Hardware Requirements.......................................................................................................... 20
`3.8
`Software Requirements........................................................................................................... 20
`3.9
`System Integrity/Robust Operation.......................................................................................... 21
`3.10
`Error Detection and Handling........................................................................................... 21
`3.10.1
`Fail Safe Mechanisms...................................................................................................... 21
`3.10.2
`System Configuration .............................................................................................................. 22
`3.11
`Attachment of MOST devices .......................................................................................... 22
`3.11.1
`Detachment of MOST devices ......................................................................................... 22
`3.11.2
`MOST Topology ...................................................................................................................... 22
`3.12
`4 MOST SYSTEM SERVICES .......................................................................................................... 23
`4.1
`Application Socket ................................................................................................................... 24
`4.1.1
`MOST Command Interpreter............................................................................................ 24
`4.1.2
`NetBlock ........................................................................................................................... 24
`4.1.3
`Network Master Shadow .................................................................................................. 24
`4.1.4
`Address Handler, De-Central Device Registry................................................................. 24
`4.1.5
`MOST Supervisor Layer II................................................................................................ 25
`4.1.6
`Notification Service........................................................................................................... 25
`4.2
`Basic Layer System Services .................................................................................................. 26
`4.2.1
`MOST Supervisor............................................................................................................. 26
`4.2.2
`Low Level Driver............................................................................................................... 26
`4.2.3
`Control Message Service ................................................................................................. 27
`4.2.3.1
`Application Message Service..................................................................................................... 27
`4.2.3.2
`Remote Control Service............................................................................................................. 27
`4.2.4
`Synchronous Channel Allocation Service......................................................................... 27
`4.2.5
`Transparent Channel Allocation Service.......................................................................... 27
`4.2.6
`Asynchronous Data Transmission Service ...................................................................... 27
`4.2.7
`Transceiver Control Service............................................................................................. 27
`4.3
`Low Level System Services..................................................................................................... 28
`4.3.1
`Physical Interface ............................................................................................................. 28
`4.3.2
`Physical Layer .................................................................................................................. 28
`
`Specification Document
`
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation
`MOST Specification Framework Rev 1.1
`Document Version 1.1-07
`
`Page 3
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`MOST®
`Specification Framework
`
`Low Level Bus Management............................................................................................ 28
`4.3.3
`Addressing ................................................................................................................................. 28
`4.3.3.1
`Allocation Table ......................................................................................................................... 29
`4.3.3.2
`Allocate Logical Channel Request............................................................................................. 29
`4.3.3.3
`De-allocate Logical Channel Request........................................................................................ 29
`4.3.3.4
`Initialize Allocation Service ........................................................................................................ 29
`4.3.3.5
`Allocation Table Distribution Service ......................................................................................... 29
`4.3.3.6
`Packet Logic..................................................................................................................... 29
`4.3.4
`Communication Management .......................................................................................... 29
`4.3.5
`Transaction Level............................................................................................................. 29
`4.3.6
`Real Time Transceiver ..................................................................................................... 30
`4.3.7
`Format Converter ............................................................................................................. 30
`4.3.8
`Stream Services ...................................................................................................................... 30
`4.4
`5 MOST HIGH PROTOCOL.............................................................................................................. 31
`
`6 MOST FRAME STRUCTURE ........................................................................................................ 32
`6.1
`Frame Generation ................................................................................................................... 32
`6.2
`Synchronization ....................................................................................................................... 32
`6.3
`Communication Model............................................................................................................. 32
`6.4
`MOST Bit stream..................................................................................................................... 32
`6.5
`Block........................................................................................................................................ 33
`6.6
`Frame Functionality................................................................................................................. 33
`6.7
`Frame Definition ...................................................................................................................... 34
`6.8
`MOST Data Channels ............................................................................................................. 34
`6.8.1
`Synchronous Channel ...................................................................................................... 34
`6.8.2
`Transparent Channel........................................................................................................ 34
`6.8.3
`Asynchronous Packet Transfer Data Channel................................................................. 35
`6.8.4
`Control Data Channel....................................................................................................... 35
`LOW LEVEL SYSTEM SERVICES................................................................................................ 36
`7
`Automatic System Configuration and Start up......................................................................... 36
`7.1
`Hot Plug-in............................................................................................................................... 37
`7.2
`Synchronous Channel Allocation............................................................................................. 37
`7.3
`Asynchronous Bandwidth Allocation........................................................................................ 37
`7.4
`Physical Position Sensing........................................................................................................ 37
`7.5
`Network Delay Detection ......................................................................................................... 38
`7.6
`Node Alive Supervision and Fail Safe Monitoring.................................................................... 38
`7.7
`Remote Access ....................................................................................................................... 38
`7.8
`8 MEDIA AND TOPOLOGY .............................................................................................................. 39
`8.1
`Physical Wiring Topology ........................................................................................................ 39
`8.1.1
`Point to Point Link: Unidirectional or Bi-directional.......................................................... 39
`8.1.2
`Ring Topology .................................................................................................................. 39
`8.1.3
`Rings Incorporating Splitters ............................................................................................ 40
`8.1.4
`Star Topology................................................................................................................... 40
`8.2
`Sockets.................................................................................................................................... 41
`8.3
`Media....................................................................................................................................... 41
`8.4
`POF Cables and Connectors................................................................................................... 41
`9 MOST APPLICATION AREAS....................................................................................................... 42
`9.1
`Consumer Electronics ............................................................................................................. 43
`9.2
`Multimedia Computers............................................................................................................. 43
`9.3
`Home Multimedia Networking.................................................................................................. 43
`9.4
`Automotive Multimedia Networking ......................................................................................... 44
`10
`COST CONSIDERATIONS......................................................................................................... 45
`10.1
`IC Cost..................................................................................................................................... 45
`10.2
`Cable Cost............................................................................................................................... 45
`10.3
`Terminal Cost .......................................................................................................................... 45
`
`Specification Document
`Page 4
`
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation
`MOST Specification Framework Rev 1.1
`Document Version 1.1-07
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`MOST®
`Specification Framework
`
`10.4
`11
`11.1
`11.2
`12
`12.1
`12.2
`13
`
`System Cost and Flexibility...................................................................................................... 46
`INTERFACE TO OTHER SYSTEMS.......................................................................................... 46
`Direct Serial, Real-time, PCI, ISA or Serial Control Bus Implementations .............................. 46
`MOST Core and other System Solutions ................................................................................ 46
`INTERFACE TO OTHER NETWORK STANDARDS................................................................. 47
`Interface to AES/ EBU - S/PDIF .............................................................................................. 47
`Interface to other Control Networks......................................................................................... 48
`SYSTEM SIMULATION.............................................................................................................. 49
`
`14
`
`TERMINOLOGY ......................................................................................................................... 51
`
`Specification Document
`
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation
`MOST Specification Framework Rev 1.1
`Document Version 1.1-07
`
`Page 5
`
`Jaguar Land Rover
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`

`

`MOST®
`Specification Framework
`
`Bibliography
`Number
`[1]
`[2]
`[3]
`[4]
`[5]
`[6]
`[7]
`[8]
`
`Document
`MOST Specification Framework
`MOST Specification
`MOSTHighProtocol Specification
`MOSTNetServices „Basic Layer“; User Manual and Specification
`MOSTNetServices „Application Socket“; User Manual and Specification
`FOT Datasheet
`MOSTTransceiver Datasheet
`MOSTFunctionCatalog
`
`Specification Document
`Page 6
`
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation
`MOST Specification Framework Rev 1.1
`Document Version 1.1-07
`
`Jaguar Land Rover
`Exhibit 1008
`Page 006
`
`

`

`MOST®
`Specification Framework
`1 Introduction
`
`1.1 Motivation
`The motivation for the MOST (Media Oriented Systems Transport) technology comes from the
`requirement for a low cost high speed multimedia peer to peer network, that would not need a PC or
`any other central intelligence to operate in order to be cost effective, flexible, reliable and future proof.
`The option of having optical media as the physical layer has always been one of the main
`considerations for design of the MOST network. Our definition of multimedia includes everything from
`audio, video, telecommunications to data processing and control. One of the essential needs in such
`an environment is the support for true plug and play functionality (into and out of the network).
`
`MOST network technology is a versatile, high performance, and low cost multimedia network
`technology based on synchronous data communication. Ideal for real-time applications such as CD
`quality audio, surround sound, and high quality video, it also supports control data and burst-type data
`transfers for both latency sensitive and latency insensitive network devices. It can operate with or
`without a PC, in a single or multiple master environment and with as many as 64 nodes providing all
`elements of plug and play.
`
`1.2 Objective of the Specification
`The objective of the entire specification is to describe the MOST system in terms of physical layer,
`transport layer, link layer, network management and the programming interface required to develop
`and build systems and devices that are compliant with this standard. The goal is to provide all
`information needed to make inter-operable devices in an open architecture but still leaving enough
`room for product and market differentiation without losing compatibility.
`
`1.3 Scope of this Specification Framework
`This specification framework is mainly targeted to all those readers, who want to get an introductory
`overview of the MOST System and its abilities. It provides valuable information to device developers,
`OEM’s and System integrators, but also to independent hardware and software platform architects.
`
`This overview can be used for system evaluation, product and system planning. For more information
`please refer to detailed specification documents (see below).
`
`1.4 MOST Cooperation
`The MOST Cooperation is based on a partnership of Car Makers, Set Makers, and System Architects.
`Goal of the MOST Cooperation is, to define and develop a common multimedia network protocol and
`object model. All members of the MOST Cooperation get access to the technical information and to
`the specifications that are the result of the common work. Since verification of the various results is
`also a part of MOST Cooperation’s work, their members have access to a reliable basis for their
`development activity. For generating products based on the information of the common information
`pool, licenses are required. Licenses can be obtained by every member of the MOST Cooperation.
`Licensing and handling of the intellectual property is task of the MOST Cooperation. For getting more
`information about MOST Cooperation in general, and about the joining of MOST Cooperation, please
`refer to the contact address to be found on page 2.
`
`Specification Document
`
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation
`MOST Specification Framework Rev 1.1
`Document Version 1.1-07
`
`Page 7
`
`Jaguar Land Rover
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`Page 007
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`

`

`MOST®
`Specification Framework
`
`1.5 How to read this document
`This document provides an overview of the MOST technology for all readers. More detailed
`information defining the MOST standard can be found in the associated documents:
`
`• MOSTHighProtocol Specification
`• MOST Specification
`• MOSTNetServices „Application Socket“
`• MOSTNetServices „Basic Layer“
`• FOT Datasheet
`• MOSTTransceiver Datasheet
`• MOSTFunctionCatalog
`
`This is the structural overview of the MOST Specification documentation:
`
`MOST Specification
`Framework
`
`MOST High Protocol
`Specification
`
`MOST Specification
`
`Application Section
`
`Network Section
`
`Hardware Section
`
`MOST
`FunctionCatalog
`
`MOST NetServices
`Application Socket
`
`MOST NetServices
`Basic Layer
`
`FOT
`Datasheet
`
`MOST Transceiver
`OS 8104 Datasheet
`
`Specification Document
`Page 8
`
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation
`MOST Specification Framework Rev 1.1
`Document Version 1.1-07
`
`Jaguar Land Rover
`Exhibit 1008
`Page 008
`
`

`

`MOST®
`Specification Framework
`2 Background
`
`2.1 Evolution of the MOST Technology
`MOST technology was originally developed for multimedia applications in the automotive environment,
`where an extremely robust, yet cost-effective network is needed. MOST networks, are replacing the
`bulky and expensive wiring harnesses that automobile manufacturers have used in the past to satisfy
`their multimedia connectivity requirements. The Plastic Optical Fiber based MOST Network not only
`provides substantially higher performance than the old wiring harnesses, but is more robust (no ground
`loops, etc.) at lower cost! Increases in the speed of the network and other improvements have now
`made the system appropriate for other environments in addition to automotive, such as multimedia PC
`systems and home networks. The continuing acceptance of MOST solutions will ensure that a robust,
`high performance technology will be available at lower costs to the consumer electronics market.
`2.2 Main Goals of the MOST Technology
`The MOST technology is specified to be an industry de facto standard for low cost, high bandwidth
`data communications in consumer, telecommunications and computing applications based on plastic
`fiber optics as a transportation layer. The following goals were essential in the definition of the
`architecture of the MOST System:
`
`Applicable to consumer applications with or without the existence of a central control or PC
`Low-cost solution with data rates up to 24.8Mbps
`Optimized for use with Plastic Optical Fiber (POF)
`Ease of use with excellent reliability
`Full support for real-time audio and compressed video
`Asynchronous and synchronous data transfer
`Open protocol interface for use with a variety of protocols
`Virtual network management embedded in the system
`Integration into commodity technology
`Widespread availability of key components
`Scalability at the device level
`Provide device specification for easy implementation
`Network functions are as transparent as possible
`
`Specification Document
`
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation
`MOST Specification Framework Rev 1.1
`Document Version 1.1-07
`
`Page 9
`
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`Page 009
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`

`

`MOST®
`Specification Framework
`
`2.3 Speed Requirements
`In consumer applications the biggest concern in terms of success of a product or system is cost.
`However, the compromise between cost and performance has to be considered seriously. The
`following table shows the speed requirements of different applications and how MOST fits into this
`picture.
`
`Bandwidth
`
`Physical Interface
`
`Applications
`
`Attributes
`
`Cluster
`
`Control
`
`10-100kbps
`
`Data Transfer
`
`1-10Mbps
`
`Man Machine Interface
`Interactive Devices
`Automatic Control
`System Control
`Hard Disks
`CD-ROM
`Memory Cards
`Data Service
`Area Network
`
`System and Device Control
`and status report
`
`Picture and other Data base
`transfer as well as Data
`communication such as RDS,
`Internet etc.
`
`Radio Information, Digital
`Radio
`Infotainment, Communication,
`Navigation, Video CD
`TV, Cameras and CD Video
`
`Asynchronous Data
`Fair Arbitration
`Low Latency
`
`Burst Data
`Packet Oriented
`Asynchronous
`
`Continuos Bit stream
`Synchronous Transfer
`Constant or variable
`
`Real-time
`
`10 - 500kbps
`0.5-4Mbps
`1-12Mbps
`2-50Mbps
`
`Compressed Audio
`Audio
`Compressed Video
`Uncompressed Video
`
`5-400Mbps
`
`high resolution Video
`
`digital TV and digital Video
`
`Variable Bit rate
`
`2.4 Features
`MOST technology employs a synchronous approach in order to provide a low overhead, low cost
`network interface to even the most simple multimedia devices. It supports such devices as
`analog/digital converters for microphones and digital/analog converters for speakers with low
`intelligence and no buffering capability. Removing the need for buffering is a key feature of the MOST
`technology. All of this capability is provided without any compromise in signal quality.
`
`MOST technology provides more complex DSP-based devices with all of the control and multimedia
`information necessary to fully utilize their capabilities which in turn maximizes the flexibility of the
`overall system. Equipment such as multimedia computers, analog audio gateways, multimedia CD
`players, hi-fi audio equipment, telecommunications terminals, video players, TV sets, satellite
`receivers, set top boxes, etc. can all be networked to interact at the lowest possible cost.
`
`Since most equipment interconnected with this kind of network is capable of digital signal processing,
`the network is structured in a way that these applications can be implemented very efficiently.
`Multimedia related features, such as bandwidth allocation and peer-to-peer communication make it
`ideal for a serial multimedia consumer network, without the need of a central host. The current version
`of MOST technology can support up to 15 uncompressed, stereo CD-quality audio channels, up to 15
`MPEG1 audio-video channels, or several MPEG2 video + audio channels (depending upon the
`MPEG2 implementation). In addition to the multi-channel source data, additional bandwidth for control,
`communication and asynchronous applications is always present.
`
`Specification Document
`Page 10
`
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation
`MOST Specification Framework Rev 1.1
`Document Version 1.1-07
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`

`

`MOST®
`Specification Framework
`
`The key features of the MOST technology are:
`• Ease of Use
`simple connectors
`no hum loops, no radiation
`plug and play; self identifying devices with auto initialization
`dynamically attachable and re-configurable devices
`virtual network management including channel allocation, system monitoring addressing and
`power management
`• Wide Application Range
`applications from a few kbps up to 24.8Mbps
`high degree of data integrity with low jitter
`support of asynchronous and synchronous data transfer
`support of multiple masters
`supports up to 64 devices
`simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams such as control, packet and real-time
`information
`devices can be constructed out of multiple functions
`low overhead due to embedded network management
`• Synchronous Bandwidth
`Synchronous channels provide guaranteed bandwidth with no buffering required
`up to 24Mbps synchronous data throughput
`• Asynchronous Bandwidth
`variable asynchronous data throughput
`up to 14.4Mbps asynchronous data
`dedicated control channel with more than 700kbps
`• Flexibility
`wide range of real-time channel sizes and packet sizes
`remote operation and flow control
`variable arbitration mechanisms
`protocol independent
`• Synergy with consumer and PC industry
`operates with or without PC
`consistent with PC streaming and the Plug and Play standards
`• Low implementation cost
`Low cost sub-channel at 700kbps
`optimized for implementation in consumer devices
`suitable for implementation in low cost peripherals
`Low cost cable and connectors
`Low cost integrated circuits
`
`Specification Document
`
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation
`MOST Specification Framework Rev 1.1
`Document Version 1.1-07
`
`Page 11
`
`Jaguar Land Rover
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`Page 011
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`

`MOST®
`Specification Framework
`
`2.5 Compatibility
`A family of network transceiver IC’s will provide easy access to analog and digital audio I/O as well as
`to standard data formats such as I2S, S/PDIF, AES/EBU, I2C, SPI and others to operate with A/D - D/A
`converters, CD decoders and digital signal processors.
`
`A MOST network can be used in conjunction with a number of different protocols. Since all basic
`methods required for source and control data communications are accommodated, the system is very
`flexible in terms of compatibility with a number of protocol layers.
`
`A MOST network is capable to combine different nodes, independent of the internal structure of that
`nodes. So on one hand it is possible to combine nodes of the same kind, e.g. such nodes based on an
`embedded approach:
`
`MOST Standardization Model
`
`Function Blocks
`
`Function Blocks
`
`Function Blocks
`
`MOSThigh
`Driver
`
`API
`Socket
`Interface
`
`MOSThigh
`Driver
`
`API
`Socket
`Interface
`
`MOSThigh
`Driver
`
`API
`Socket
`Interface
`
`Supervisor
`&
`Low Level Driver
`
`Supervisor
`&
`Low Level Driver
`
`Supervisor
`&
`Low Level Driver
`
`Node (N-1)
`
`Node (N)
`
`Node (N+1)
`
`Physical Layer
`
`On the other hand, a mixing of nodes based on different approaches and with different internal
`structures is possible too:
`
`MOST ‘Open’ Model
`
`MOST
`APPLICATION
`
`PC
`Application
`
`Network
`Protocol
`(i..e. TCP/IP)
`
`MOST
`APPLICATION
`
`MOST
`APPLICATION
`
`Server
`Application
`
`Network
`Protocol
`(i..e. TCP/IP)
`
`MOST API
`
`NDIS
`
`MOST API
`
`MOST API
`
`NDIS
`
`MOST Device
`Model
`
`MOST Device
`Model
`
`MOST Device
`Model
`
`Node (N-1) ’PC Type’
`
`Node (N) ‘Embedded Type’
`
`Node (N+1) ‘Server Type’
`
`Physical Layer
`
`Specification Document
`Page 12
`
` Copyright 1999 MOST Cooperation
`MOST Specification Framework Rev 1.1
`Document Version 1.1-07
`
`Jaguar Land Rover
`Exhibit 1008
`Page 012
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`

`

`MOST®
`Specification Framework
`3 Architectural Overview
`This section describes the MOST System and its architecture as well as its key concepts. MOST is a
`peer-to-peer point-to-point network that can be implemented in a ring, star or daisy chain topology. The
`attached devices share different data channels for synchronous and asynchronous data transmission.
`Different access mechanisms are provided for different data types (e.g. stream, asynchronous
`(packet), control).
`
`Since the MOST System is very flexible, it offers the possibility to handle a certain administrative task
`in different ways. There are two main approaches:
`
`• Centralized approach
`• Decentralized approach
`
`The Centralized approach concentrates the handling of a special administrative task on one node in
`the network. Any other node that needs this service, has to contact this central node.
`
`The decentralized approach does not need any central instance.
`
`3.1 MOST System Description
`A MOST System is described by the following definition areas:
`
`MOST Interconnect
`MOST System Services
`MOST Devices
`
`MOST Interconnect is the way that communications during system start up are established. During this
`procedure all devices get their unique device address. Communication between devices is possible
`after a successful interconnect procedure. Each device has an address relati