The Ultra Enterprise 150 Server Architecture
`
`Technical White Paper
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`Ex.1070.001
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` 1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
`2550 Garcia Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043-1100 U.S.A
`
`All rights reserved. This product and related documentation is protected by copyright and distributed under licenses restricting
`its use, copying, distribution and decompilation. No part of this product or related documentation may be reproduced in any form
`by any means without prior written authorization of Sun and its licensors, if any.
`
`Portions of this product may be derived from the UNIX® and Berkeley 4.3 BSD systems, licensed from UNIX Systems
`Laboratories, Inc. and the University of California, respectively. Third party font software in this product is protected by
`copyright and licensed from Sun’s Font Suppliers.
`
`RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the government is subject to restrictions as set forth in
`subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 and FAR 52.227-
`19.
`
`The product described in this manual may be protected by one or more U.S. patents, foreign patents, or pending applications.
`
`TRADEMARKS
`Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, SunSoft, Solaris, Solstice, SyMON, SunNet Manager, SolarNet, SolarNet, SunLink
`PC-Admin, ONC+, NIS, NIS+, NFS, OpenWindows, UltraComputing, and Ultra Enterprise are trademarks or registered
`trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. OPEN LOOK is a registered trademark of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.UNIX is a
`registered trademark in the United States and other countries, exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd. All other
`product names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners.
`
`All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. Products
`bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.
`
`THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
`INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
`PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
`
`THIS PUBLICATION COULD INCLUDE TECHNICAL INACCURACIES OR TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS. CHANGES
`ARE PERIODICALLY ADDED TO THE INFORMATION HEREIN; THESE CHANGES WILL BE INCORPORATED IN
`NEW EDITIONS OF THE PUBLICATION. SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC. MAY MAKE IMPROVEMENTS AND/OR
`CHANGES IN THE PRODUCT(S) AND/OR THE PROGRAM(S) DESCRIBED IN THIS PUBLICATION AT ANY TIME.
`
`Please
`Recycle
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`Contents
`
`1. The Ultra Enterprise 150 Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Workgroup Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Multi-tiered Client/Server Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Enterprise Requirements for Workgroup Servers . . . . . . . .
`
`Workgroup Server Systems from Sun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Workgroup Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`The Ultra Enterprise 150 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`2. System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Features Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`The UltraSPARC -I Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`UPA Interconnect. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Embedded Disk Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Networking and I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Peripheral Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`System Controller Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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`System Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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`Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability (RAS) Features
`
`Enclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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`Power Subsystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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`3. Ultra Enterprise 150 Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`The UltraSPARC-I Microprocessor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`The Version 9 Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`UltraSPARC-I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Memory Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`External Cache Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Main Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`The UPA Interconnect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`SBus Connectivity, Peripherals, and Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Ethernet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Fast Ethernet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`SCSI
`
`. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`System Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Parallel Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Serial Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`I/O Subsystem Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Disk Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`4. Networking, Storage, and Management Solutions . . . . . . . . .
`
`Networking Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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`PC Integration Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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`Connectivity Products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Mainframe Connectivity Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Global/Remote Access Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Internet Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Storage Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Storage and Backup Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Administration and Management Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`System Management and Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Storage Management Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Network and Enterprise Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`5. System Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`The Solaris Operating Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Operating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Built-in Networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Windowing Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Development Environments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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`Open Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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`Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`
`Power-On Self-Test (POST). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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`SunVTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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`References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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`Contents
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`Ultra Enterprise 150 Server Architecture — April 1996
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`Workgroup Computing
`
`The Ultra Enterprise 150 Server
`
`1
`
`The Ultra Enterprise 150 Server from Sun Microsystems(cid:228)
` represents an exciting
`new direction in workgroup server design. Offering exceptional integration
`and performance in networking, I/O, and compute throughput, the
`UltraSPARC(cid:228)
` based Enterprise 150 systems underscore Sun’s commitment to
`producing the most powerful and affordable UNIX(cid:226)
` workgroup servers
`available.
`
`Modern computing has come a long way from the monolithic, proprietary
`hardware and software architectures of the past. In particular, the last several
`years have seen the client/server paradigm emerge as the principle approach
`for providing flexibility in the face of near-constant change in today’s business
`environment.
`
`Client/server techniques and applications are being used as the primary tools
`for rightsizing and reengineering enterprise information systems to compete in
`a dynamic and competitive global marketplace. Most major organizations and
`all major computer software and hardware manufactures now have strategies
`which embody client/server computing.
`
`These software strategies have resulted in a new kind of workhorse server in
`the enterprise: the workgroup server. Workgroup servers are typically dedicated
`to a group, department, or small organization that shares common resources or
`tasks. Workgroup servers often provide specific functions such as application
`or file services, databases, or e-mail.
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`Multi-tiered Client/Server Applications
`Modern client/server solutions often involve much more than just a client and
`server portion of an application communicating over a network. Flexible and
`efficient multi-tiered software architectures are now evolving that utilize many
`servers across a distributed network.
`
`These new client/server applications take advantage of both new and existing
`computing resources throughout the enterprise to solve complex business
`problems. The abundant graphical resources of desktop systems are used to
`drive effective graphical user interfaces. File servers centralize management of
`the file space for a department or an entire organization. High-powered
`compute servers run powerful applications and access large UNIX or legacy
`database systems.
`
`As an example of a multi-tiered client/server application, consider a desktop
`workstation in a branch office being used to invoke a quotation system. Using
`Sun’s Java(cid:228)
`, the interactive user interface portion of the application may run
`locally on the workstation while an application server in a remote district office
`performs the core functions of the application. The application might query a
`regional database for client information, and several different corporate
`databases for price and inventory data. The corporate databases may be kept
`on legacy mainframe systems front-ended by UNIX systems. New versions of
`the quotation application would be automatically and transparently updated to
`the desktop workstation user by a support group at a corporate location. A
`local workgroup file server would assure that completed quotations are
`maintained, archived for legal purposes, and backed up regularly.
`
`The simple, multi-tiered application example above illustrates how a number
`of workgroup servers can be put to use to streamline a business process.
`
`Dedicated Resources
`
`Because of decreasing hardware costs, many organizations have been able to
`provide dedicated workgroup computing resources for key tasks or
`applications. Dedicated computing resources can greatly enhance the stability
`and reliability of essential information systems.
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`1
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`Through this approach, the impact of deploying new applications can be
`carefully sized and measured. Implementing a new application and, at the
`same time, adding the incremental computing resources to serve the
`application can mean that existing shared resources are not stretched beyond
`their limitations.
`
`Distributed Access and Centralized Control
`
`Productivity gains from multi-tiered client/server applications often come
`from enterprise data being made available to the people who must use it.
`Ideally, increased access to business data is accompanied by carefully applied
`Information Systems (IS) disciplines developed over years of doing business.
`
`Unfortunately, many companies are trusting mission-critical data to unreliable
`and insecure PC networks. This can result in the organization loosing control
`of essential business-critical data. Problems in this area often stem from:
`• Isolated PC LANs
`PC LANs are often isolated from other PC LANs and the enterprise.
`• Non-centralized Data Ownership
`Data is often kept in file-based systems and is not expressed in a relational
`fashion.
`• Little Accountability
`MIS departments have little access to raw data.
`• Lack of Effective Security Mechanisms
`PC operating environments are notoriously insecure.
`• Lack of Effective Backup and Archival Mechanisms
`Business-critical data may be lost or difficult to retrieve.
`
`Modern workgroup servers must address these issues while providing the
`features and flexibility to serve the dedicated needs of the workgroup, ease
`application deployment, and integrate PC workgroups into the enterprise.
`
`Enterprise Requirements for Workgroup Servers
`If serving resources to the workgroup were the only functions workgroup
`servers needed to provide, then the multitude of “PC SuperServers” currently
`being offered might well suffice.
`
`The Ultra Enterprise 150 Server
`
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`1
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`Today, however, successful workgroup servers must play a dual role by both
`providing resources to the workgroup and by integrating the workgroup and
`its clients into the enterprise client/server environment.
`
`Given the dynamic nature of today’s workgroup environments it is no surprise
`that the requirements for workgroup servers are similar to requirements for
`enterprise servers — only on a smaller, more economical platform.
`• Compute Performance
`Successful workgroup servers must be able to provide abundant
`computational performance in order to accommodate the addition of large
`numbers of applications and users.
`• I/O Performance and Capacity
`Sufficient high bandwidth storage capacity must be available to provide for
`dynamic databases or file storage. Workgroups need the ability to add
`storage incrementally as needs dictate. High capacity external storage
`solutions and peripherals must also be available for future expansion.
`• Network Performance and Flexibility
`In today’s networked organizations, built-in high performance networking
`is essential both in the server’s hardware and operating environment. A
`range of supported network solutions must be available to match the
`diverse needs of workgroup users.
`• Scalable Product Line
`Workgroup servers should not be based on architectures that require
`maximum configuration to serve the workgroup. Doing so depends on
`future innovations to accommodate inevitable growth and future needs.
`
`Multiple, compatible servers offering a range of capacities and performance
`profiles must be available to allow effective sizing of workgroup server
`solutions.
`• Security
`Because critical and potentially sensitive business data is finding its way
`onto workgroup systems, secure networks and systems are essential. The
`base operating system must support multiple levels of security and
`networking solutions must prevent unauthorized access.
`• Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability (RAS)
`Dependable service requires that proven, reliable systems be used as
`workgroup servers. New or experimental operating environments or
`hardware are not the place for essential server applications.
`
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`1
`
`The pivotal nature of workgroup servers implies that solutions must be
`provided to enable high data and system availability.
`
`Serviceable enclosures must be provided to minimize downtime in the event
`of component failure.
`• High Level of Integration
`Flexibility demands that both hardware and software be highly integrated.
`High-capacity, high-bandwidth I/O and high performance networking
`hardware need to be an integral part of system design, not after-market
`afterthoughts.
`
`Essential software solutions like RAID (Redundant Array of Independent
`Disks), backup, and system administration and management need to be
`provided with the base operating environment.
`• Open Systems Approach
`An open standards-based approach is essential to provide interaction with
`networks, PC workgroups, and legacy enterprise environments.
`• Economy
`All of these features must be available in an affordable package consistent
`with the environmental needs of the workgroup.
`
`Workgroup Server Systems from Sun
`Sun's vision to support the needs of workgroup servers has taken shape in the
`form of the Ultra Enterprise product family of workgroup server systems as
`shown in Figure 1-1.
`
`WG Server
`
`Ultra Enterprise 1
`
`Ultra Enterprise 2
`
`Ultra Enterprise 150
`
`Figure 1-1 Ultra Enterprise workgroup servers
`
`The Ultra Enterprise 150 Server
`
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`1
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`Ultra Enterprise 1
`
`The Ultra Enterprise 1 represents the entry level workgroup server and
`provides high performance at an affordable price. The Enterprise 1 is an ideal
`server for small to medium sized workgroups and companies.
`
`Ultra Enterprise 2
`
`The Ultra Enterprise 2 offers multiprocessing support and delivers high-end
`compute performance. The Enterprise 2 is ideal for providing database or
`application support for medium to large workgroups.
`
`Ultra Enterprise 150
`
`The Ultra Enterprise 150 represents a high level of I/O throughput and
`capacity. Significant expansion capabilities, advanced I/O and networking, and
`RAS features uniquely qualify the Ultra Enterprise 150 to handle the needs of
`essential workgroup applications.
`
`Workgroup Applications
`In today’s enterprise, a wide range of applications for workgroup servers have
`emerged to enable powerful client/server commercial and technical
`applications and environments. These include:
`• File Server
`• Application Server
`• Database Server
`• Network/Communication Server
`• E-mail Server
`• Groupware Application Server
`• Administration Server
`• Video Server
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`1
`
`The diverse demands placed on a workgroup server by the above applications
`and others necessitates a careful, balanced design. Sun’s thorough
`understanding of client/server and workgroup computing has enabled a
`design approach specifically tailored to meet the needs of workgroup server
`users.
`
`The Ultra Enterprise 150
`The Ultra Enterprise 150 is a high-performance workgroup server system
`combining a powerful UltraSPARC(cid:228)
` based motherboard, an integrated twelve
`drive disk subsystem, and other peripherals packaged in a flexible tower or
`rack-ready enclosure. The tower enclosure is pictured in Figure 1-2.
`
`WG Server
`
`Figure 1-2
`
`The Ultra Enterprise 150 Server tower enclosure
`
`The Enterprise 150 is configured with the 64-bit SPARC(cid:228)
` Version 9 compliant
`UltraSPARC-I processor with 512 KB of external cache. Binary compatible with
`existing software, the UltraSPARC processor supports the over 10,000 existing
`SPARC-based applications. The Enterprise 150 uses a fast, 167 MHz
`UltraSPARC-I processor benchmarked at 252 SPECint92 and 351 SPECfp92.
`
`The Ultra Enterprise 150 Server
`
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`1
`
`All Enterprise desktop server systems employ the Ultra Port Architecture
`(UPA), a new low-latency system interconnect capable of very high levels of
`performance and scalability. Memory capacity of Enterprise 150 systems reach
`as high as 1 GB with 128 MB SIMMs.
`
`The Ultra Enterprise 150 sets a new standard by providing a high capacity disk
`subsystem as an integral part of the server packaging. The subsystem provides
`up to twelve hot-plugable disk drives for an internal data storage capacity of
`over 25 GB. Even greater capacities will be supported as higher density disk
`drives become available in quantity.
`
`The disk subsystem can be used as-is or included Redundant Array of
`Independent Disk (RAID) software can be used to enhance I/O performance
`and availability of business critical data.
`
`To accommodate up to twelve disks and to provide needed I/O bandwidth, a
`20 MB/sec. Fast/Wide SCSI-2 interface is used to drive the embedded disk
`subsystem. A separate Fast/Narrow 10 MB/sec. interface drives system SCSI
`peripherals.
`
`To complement its high performance UltraSPARC processor, and to ensure
`balanced network performance, Enterprise 150 systems offer both standard 10
`Mbps Ethernet as well as autosensing 10/100 Mbps Fast Ethernet.
`
`In addition, the Enterprise 150 features a complement of 64-bit SBus slots,
`serial and parallel ports, and standard peripherals in new, space-efficient tower
`and rack-ready enclosures.
`Like their predecessors, every Enterprise server runs Solaris(cid:228)
`, Sun’s
`benchmark implementation of System V Release 4 (SVR4) of the UNIX
`operating system, and enjoys full binary compatibility with other SPARC based
`Sun systems.
`
`With carefully balanced performance, advanced integrated features, maximum
`expansion and upgradability, unprecedented economy, and innovative
`packaging, the Enterprise family of servers gives Sun users the tools they need
`to implement powerful and effective workgroup servers.
`
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`System Overview
`
`2
`
`The Ultra Enterprise family of servers uses advanced materials, electronics,
`software, and fabrication technologies in their packaging, board design,
`subsystems, and components. This chapter briefly describes the Ultra
`Enterprise 150 system. More detailed discussions of the processor, interconnect,
`networking, and I/O architectures can be found in subsequent chapters.
`
`Features Summary
`The Enterprise 150 system includes the following features
`• Processor
`SPARC Version 9, 64-bit UltraSPARC processor with 512 KB of external
`cache, operating at 167 MHz.
`• ECC-protected Memory
`32 MB to 1 GB using 5v (volt) DRAM SIMMs with 60 ns access time. 32, 64
`and 128 MB SIMM modules are available.
`• Integrated Disk Subsystem
`One to twelve 2.1GB Fast/Wide SCSI-2 disks. Hot plug ready using single-
`connector drive technology and Geographical Addressing. All subsystem
`disks accessible from the front of the enclosure.
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`2
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`• Peripheral Subsystem
`One 2.1 GB disk drive for system disk.
`644 MB SunCD 4 Quad-speed CD-ROM.
`3.5” 1.44 MB floppy supports three popular formats.
`Optional 4mm DDS2 tape drive.
`Supports a rich set of external peripherals such as QIC, 8-mm, or 4-mm tape
`drives, external 4-mm tape stacker units, disk arrays, disk storage units, and
`tape library systems.
`• Enclosure
`Available as stand-alone tower or rack-ready unit without cosmetic skins.
`Meets all relevant and domestic agency safety, ergonomics, EMI, and
`environmental requirements.
`- Controlled Office Environment per 990-1146-02.
`- Acoustics to meet general business environment per 990-1035-0.
`- FCC Class B.
`• System Controller Board
`Collects system status for output to LCD/LED display panel.
`- Interrogates power subsystem and fans for status.
`- Connects to LCD.
`- Interfaces to CPU motherboard.
`• Standard System Interfaces
`Network Interfaces.
`- 10 Mbps IEEE 802.3 Ethernet using twisted pair (10Base-T) or AUI
`interfaces.
`- 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet for use with twisted pair category 5 wiring.
`Downward compatible (autosensing) with 10 Mbps Ethernet. An RJ-45
`(100Base-T) interface is provided.
`SCSI Interfaces
`- Fast/Narrow 10 MB/sec. single-ended SCSI-2 interface. Fast/Narrow
`interface is used to drive the internal peripherals and can drive optional
`add-on peripherals.
`- Fast/Wide 20 MB/sec. single-ended SCSI-2. Interface is used to drive the
`twelve disk internal disk subsystem.
`
`10
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`Other Standard Interfaces
`- 64-bit IEEE 1496 SBus expansion slots; two slots available for customer use.
`- LCD/LED on front of system.
`- One RS-232/RS423 serial port available for customer use.
`- Centronics-compatible parallel port.
`- Time of Day NVRAM for clock and ID functions.
`- Flash PROM for boot-time configuration. Can be reprogrammed in the
`field from a CD-ROM or over a local-area network.
`• Power Subsystem
`Two internal power supplies with power filter and single power cord.
`Supports universal power (runs on both 110-240 VAC).
`• Networking Software
`Both TCP/IP and IPX/SPX protocol support are provided with the system.
`• Storage Management Software
`RAID-0, RAID-1, and RAID-5 capabilities for the internal disk subsystem
`and for additional disk subsystems which are configured. Supports journal
`file system, hot sparing, and volume management across devices.
`• Backup Software
`Backup facilities for using the system’s 4mm tape or other backup device for
`system backup or archival.
`• System Software
`Solaris 2.5.1 standard. OpenWindows(cid:228)
` and Motif windowing systems. CDE
`, NIS+, NFS(cid:228)
`desktop environment. ONC+(cid:228)
`, TCP/IP networking
`technologies. Display PostScript(cid:228)
`, XGL(cid:228)
`, XIL(cid:228)
`, PEXlib, and Xlib graphics
`protocols. System licensed for Solaris 2.5.1 Server Media Kit containing:
`- Solaris 2.5.1 Server License includes license to run:
`- SPARC Solaris 2.5.1 CD.
`- SMCC Solaris 2.5.1 Update CD.
`- Solstice AdminSuite CD (includes AdminSuite and Printer Manager).
`- Solaris 2.5.1 Desktop CD (includes CDE, Wabi).
`- Server Supplement CD (includes AnswerBook, SolarNet PC Protocol
`Services, and NIS+).
`- Solstice DiskSuite CD.
`- Solstice Backup CD.
`
`System Overview
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`Ex.1070.017
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`The UltraSPARC -I Processor
`Implementing the new SPARC version 9 architecture, the UltraSPARC-I
`processor retains complete backwards compatibility with the 32-bit SPARC V8
`specification, thus ensuring binary compatibility with existing applications.
`Capable of 64-bit data and addressing, UltraSPARC-I adds a number of other
`features to improve operating system and application performance:
`• Better cache management and greatly reduced memory latency
`• Built-in, low cost multi-processor support
`• Graphics and imaging support on chip
`• Implemented using 0.5 micron, 4-layer metal CMOS technology operating at
`3.3 volts. Packaged using a 521-pin plastic Ball Grid Array (BGA)
`• Nine stage pipeline that can issue up to four instructions per cycle
`• On-chip 16 KB Data and 16 KB Instruction cache, with up to 4 MB of
`external cache allowed
`• An external 512 KB cache is standard on Enterprise 150
`• High performance — SPECint >250 and SPECfp >350
`• New UPA interconnect architecture permits high speed memory transfers of
`1.3 GB/sec.
`• High efficiency trap management
`
`UPA Interconnect
`Key to the performance of the Enterprise desktop server product line is the
`all-new UPA or Ultra Port Architecture interconnect technology. Implemented
`as a cache-coherent connection between processor, memory, and I/O
`subsystems, UPA offers several advantages over existing interconnects:
`• Greatly increased performance over previous designs
`• Packet switched for low latency memory access and precise interrupt
`processing
`• Buffered cross bar memory interface for increased bandwidth and greatly
`improved scalability
`• Wide 288-bit paths to memory
`• More economical implementation through centralized coherence and
`memory controller functions
`• Integrated support for symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) configurations
`
`12
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`Ultra Enterprise 150 Server Architecture — April 1996
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`Ex.1070.018
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`Embedded Disk Subsystem
`To provide for advanced data storage capabilities commonly needed in
`workgroup computing applications, an advanced, hot-plug capable disk
`subsystem is integrated into the Enterprise 150. A software license is provided
`to enable the disk subsystem to be operated as a RAID disk array. RAID, or
`Redundant Array of Independent Disks refers to a set of techniques used to
`combine the resources of many individual disks in order to increase I/O
`performance and provide high data availability.
`
`The disk array in the Enterprise 150 can support up to twelve 1-inch 7200 rpm
`2.1 GB Fast/Wide SCSI-2 disk drives yielding a maximum capacity of 25.2 GB.
`
`Supported RAID levels include:
`• RAID 0 — Striping to increase I/O performance
`• RAID 1 — Mirroring with hot spares to provide high data availability
`• RAID 5 — Modified striping with interleaved parity protection to provide
`performance with high data availability
`
`The disks in the subsystem are hot-plugable meaning that they can be
`removed, inserted, and/or replaced while the system is in operation. Details
`for hot plug and hot swap capabilities are covered in subsequent chapters. The
`disk subsystem is illustrated in Figure 2-1.
`
`LCD Display
`
`Internal Disk
`Subsystem
`
`Floppy Drive
`CD-ROM Player
`4mm DAT Tape
`(Optional)
`
`Figure 2-1 Ultra Enterprise 150 front panel showing peripheral and disk subsystem
`
`System Overview
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`Ex.1070.019
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`Networking and I/O
`The Enterprise 150 comes equipped with extensive I/O facilities, including 10
`Mbps Ethernet, and 10/100 Mbps Fast Ethernet which can autosense and drop
`to 10 Mbps operation.
`
`10 MB/sec. Fast/Narrow SCSI-2 is provided. In addition, a Fast/Wide SCSI-2
`(20 MB/sec.) interface is included to drive the integrated internal disk array.
`Both Fast/Narrow (10 MB/sec.) and Fast/Wide SCSI-2 are compatible with
`earlier standard 8-bit (5 MB/sec.) SCSI peripherals.
`
`Peripheral Subsystem
`Pictured in Figure 2-1, the peripheral subsystem in the Enterprise 150 includes
`the removable media devices and the system disk drive (not shown). Other
`external peripheral options can be configured.
`• An internal 2.1 GB system disk is included to provide the boot and swap
`space for the system, allowing the entire disk array to be used for customer
`data.
`• A SunCD 4 Quad-speed CD-ROM is provided.
`• A 3.5” 1.4 MB floppy disk drive is included.
`• An optional 4mm DAT tape drive can be added later.
`• External QIC, 8-mm, and 4-mm tape, and 4-mm tape stacker units are
`supported.
`• External disk array (RAID) and tape library systems are supported for high
`reliability storage and backup needs.
`• 64-bit SBus connectivity is provided, yet compatibility is retained with
`existing 32-bit SBus products.
`• Selected peripherals from earlier Sun servers, such as the SPARCserver(cid:228)
`and SPARCserver 20, can be used to preserve existing investments in
`hardware.
`
` 10
`
`The Enterprise 150 back panel (pictured in Figure 3-2) includes a number of
`other standard input/output connectors for external connection to networks,
`SCSI, parallel and serial peripherals. All systems use full-sized connectors,
`precluding the need for special “splitter” cables.
`
`14
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`Ultra Enterprise 150 Server Architecture — April 1996
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`Ex.1070.020
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`2
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`System Controller Board
`The system controller board drives the LCD/LED display and is connected to
`various subsystems including:
`• Power Subsystem
`• Fans
`• CPU motherboard
`
`In addition to collecting status from the power subsystem and fans, the system
`controller has thermal sensors which monitor the temperature inside the
`enclosure.
`
`The system controller board is connected to the system motherboard by one of
`the serial ports on the Enterprise 150 motherboard. The remaining serial port is
`available for customer use.
`
`System Interfaces
`Two SBus slots are available for additional I/O, networking, or peripheral
`options.
`
`Several additional interfaces are available for I/O:
`• LCD/LED on front of system
`• Serial port for console terminal or terminal concentrator
`
`The Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is used to post system status and includes a
`small key pad which is used to scroll through information on the screen. The
`LCD complex also includes a number of LEDs for easy access to high level
`system status.
`
`The Enterprise 150 does not ship with a console. An ASCII terminal or a
`terminal concentrator can be attached via the one available serial port.
`Alternately, a Sun monitor and a TurboGX(cid:228)
` graphics option can be configured
`to provide a console. This console solution will take up one of the available
`SBus slots and requires the additional purchase of a keyboard.
`
`System Overview
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`Ex.1070.021
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`2
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`Reliability, Availability, and Se