RANDOM HOUSE
`
`WEBSTER’S
`
`UNABRIDGED
`
`DICTIONARY
`
`Second Edition
`
`gm
`
`RANDOM HOUSE
`
`NEW YORK
`
`
`
`IPR2018-00294
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`

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`COPYRIGHT © 1998, 1997'. 1996, 1993, 1987 BY RANDOM HOUSE, INC.
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`Random House Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary, Second Edition, is revised and updated edition of
`The Random House Dictionary ofthe English Language, Second Edition, Unabridged.
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`are trademarks of Random House. Inc. Random House and the house design are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc.
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`International Phonetic Alphabet, courtesy of International Phonetic Association
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data as of 1997:
`
`Random House compact unabridged dictionary
`Random House Webster‘s Unabridged dictionary.——2nd ed.
`p. cm
`Rev, updated ed. of: Random House compact unabridged dictionary.
`Special 2nd Ed.
`ISBN O-679-45854—9.——ISBN 0-679-45853—0
`1. English language‘Dictionaries.
`PE16‘25.R293
`1997
`423—4021
`97-17702
`CIP
`
`Trademarks
`A number of entered words which we have reason to believe constitute trademarks have been designated as such. However. no attempt has been made to designate as
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`Typeset and printed in the United States of America.
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`October 1999
`9 8 7 6 5 4 3
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`radioteletype
`
`
`1. Also
`71.
`ra-di-o-tel-e-ty a
`{ra’dé e um tip’),
`called I'-
`o-
`type-writer. (rs/do o tel/i tipIfil—
`
`tar, -tel’1 tip 1'
`a teletypewrlter equipped for trans-
`
`mitting or receivmg messages by radio instead of wire.
`2.
`the equipment relating to transmission by radi-
`TYPE
`
`OtBlElepes, taken as a whole.
`[1935-40, mio- + 1'ch-
`ra-dl-o-thor-a-py (rs/dc o ther’e pé),
`11. Mad.
`treat—
`ment of disease by means of x-rays or of radioactive
`
`substances. Also called radlation therapy.
`[1900—05,
`
`MDIO- + THERAPY] —rI/dl-o-thor’a-plst, n.
`therapy
`ra-di-o-ther-my (raids a thfir’mé), n. Med.
`that utilizes the heat from a shortwave radio apparatus
`or diathermy machine.
`[RADID- + -TEERMY]
`ra-dl-o-thon (rfi’de 6 than/), n.
`an onethe-air radio
`campaign, often lasting 24 hours or more. designed to
`raise money for a radio station, charity, the arts, etc., as
`from listeners phoning in and pledging specific dona-
`tions, sometimes in exchange for gifts or premiums. Cf.
`talothou.
`[1960—65. Amen; RADIO + 41-1011]
`ra-dI-o-tho-rl-um (raids 6 theme em, “thew-i. n.
`Chem.
`a disintegration product of thorium.
`[1920—25,
`< NL; see RADIOe, THORIUM]
`causing
`ra-di-o-tox-ic (ra/dé a tok’sik), adj. Pathol.
`radiation sickness.
`[1945—50; RADIO- + TOXIC]
`ra-di-o-trac-ar (ra’dé a tra/ser), n. Chem. a radioecr
`tive isotope used as a tracer.
`[1945-50, RADIO— +
`TRACER]
`(nude a trans pér’ant. -parI-).
`ra-dl-o~trans-par-ant
`n.
`transparent to radiation;
`invisible in x-ray photo-
`aphs and under fluoroscopy (opposed to radiopaque).
`a radiolucont.
`[RADEO- + TRANSPARENT]
`rra’dltm
`trans-parlen-cy. n.
`ra’dio tube’. a vacuum tube used in a radio receiving
`set.
`raodl-o-vl-sion (rs’dé 6 vizh/an), 11.. Now Rare.
`televi-
`sion.
`[1960-65; “010- + VISION]
`raidio wavof. Elect. an electromagnetic wave having
`a wavelength between 1 millimeter and 30,000 meters. or
`a frequency between 10 kilohertz and 300,000 mega—
`hertz,
`[1915—20]
`raldlo wIn/dow. Astron.
`the range of wavelengths at
`which the earth‘s atmosphere is transparent to radio
`waves.
`rId-IIh (radiish), n. 1. the crisp, pungent, edible root
`of the plant. Raphcnus solwus, of the mustard family,
`usually eaten raw. 2. the plant itself.
`bef. 1000: late
`ME rodish(e), var. (cf. OF radise, var. o radios) of ME
`rodicMe), OE rsidic < L radic- (s. of radix Rom“): cf.
`OHG ratih, G Rettich] —rad’lIh-llko/. “CU-
`ra-di-um (rs/dc am),
`It. 1. Chem. 3 highly radioactive
`rays. Symbol: Ra; at. wt: 2
`; at. no.: 88. 2. a lustrous
`metallic element whose dece%yields radon gas and alpha
`rayon or silk fabric constructed in plain weave and used
`NL, equiv. to
`rndfius) ray (see RADIUS) + —ium -IUM]
`in women‘s apparel, lining, and drapery.
`[1895~1900; <
`radium A. Chem.
`a substance, formed by decay of
`radon. that gives rise to radium B.
`[1900—05]
`radium 3, Chem. an isotope of lead, formed b decay
`isotope of bismuth,
`rom which radium D, radium E, and
`of radium A, that gives rise to radium C. whic
`is an
`radium F, or pclonium 210, are derived.
`[1900-05]
`ra/dlum omans’tlon, Chen-L (formerly) radon.
`radlum F. Chem.
`an isotope of polonium: polonium
`210.
`[1900—05]
`ra’dlum sul’fata, Chem. a white, cr stalline, water-
`insoluble, poisonous,
`radioactive soli
`, R3504, used
`chiefly in radiotherapy.
`[197W75]
`raldlum therapy, treatment of disease by means of
`radium.
`[1900-05]
`
`radius (def. 1]
`C. center
`
`
`
`ra-dlous (raids as). n., pl. -dI-I (-de 1/). diam-u. 1. a
`straight line extending from the center of a circle or
`sphere to the circumference or surface: The radius of a.
`circle is half the diameter. 2. the length of such a line,
`3. any radial or radiating part. 4. a circular area hav-
`ing an extent determined by the length of the radius
`from a given or s
`'fied central
`oint: every house
`within a radius offi miles. 5. a fiel or range of opera-
`tion or influence. 6. extent of‘possible operation. travel,
`an airplane. 7. Aunt. t 9 bone of the forearm on the
`etc, as under a single supply 0 Riel: the flying radius of
`thumb side. Cf. ulna (def. 1). See diag. under skeleton.
`B. 2001. a corres ondin bone in the forelimb of other
`vertebrates. 9.
`och.
`am Here. the throw of an eccene
`tric wheel or cam. 10. a. rounded corner or edge on a
`machined or cast piece of metal. 11. Enramol. one of
`the principal longitudinal veins in the anterior portion of
`the wing of an insect.
`[1590—1600: < L: staff, rod. spoke,
`beam. orig. my”!
`raidius of com-flushes. Moth. a
`sitive number
`so related to a given power series that t e power series
`converges for every number whose absolute value is less
`than this particular number.
`raidius of cur’vaturo, Math.
`the absolute value of
`CONCIE‘I muons-av any: <, descended or borrowed fi-om; >,
`whence; b., blend of, blended; c., cognate with; cf, com are: deriv..
`derivative; equiv equivalent; imit.. imitative: 0111., ch 'qus; r.. re—
`
`1594
`
`Q
`Raf-fies
`(rays): .-
`the reciprocal of the curvature at a point on a curve. Cf.
`
`olrclc of curvaturo.
`[1745—55]
`1826, English asthma
`raf-er-cla (ra no;
`ra’dlus of gyraftlon. Physics.
`the distance from an
`axis at which the mass of a body may be assumed to be
`1...... ms:-
`concentrated and at which the moment of inertia will be
`the_ Malay Peninsula an
`termed by apehlous
`equal to the moment of inertia of the actual mass about
`cm~90 an) in diameter
`
`
`moment of inertia and t. e mass.
`[1875-80]
`
`the axis. equal to the Sui-fare root of the quotient of the
`
`"LE3, who obtained a.
`firstly reduced in Humbug
`raf dlus rod/.
`(in a feathering peddle wheel) any of the
`
`rods, meetin in a hub mounted eccentrically with the
`Ra-fI-nalquo
`"/
`-
`
`paddle-whee? shaft, for feathering the paddles while in
`1733—1340. US. $235133,
`the water. See illua. under paddle who-l.
`[1855-60]
`
`'
`ra-ira'i-chls-soir
`raidius vec’tor,
`pl.
`radll VIO-to-rol
`(vek tor/es,
`a table of the lfimfifinfh
`
`-t6r’-). radius vectors. 1. Mark. the length of the line
`and shelves for plates. [<
`segment joining a fixed point or origin to a
`'ven point.
`
`Raf-san-ja-nl
`(rfiflfln
`2. Astron. a. the straight line joining two bodies in rela-
`
`tive orbital motion, as the line from the sun to a planet
`fig)" Hashoml, born 1
`at any oint in its orbit. b. the distance between two
`
`such be ice at any point in the orbit.
`[1745—55]
`l'af‘l1 (raft, rift). 7L 1. a
`
`form made of buoyant nu .
`ra-dlx (ra’diks). n., pl. rad-I-coi (rad’a sez’, ra’da-l,
`2. a “I
`blc rubber raft.
`ra-de-as.
`1. Math. a number taken as the base of a
`
`etc.. fastened together for a
`system of numbers. logarithms, or the like. 2. Anal,
`
`raft._ 4.. a slab ofreinfomd
`Bat. a root; radicle.
`[1565—75; < L radix root (cf. uses“,
`on yielding soil, usually for
`RADICAL, RAMUS); akin to Gk rhiza root, rhtidix branch,
`weight of the soil that w.
`frond; see noo’r’]
`rad-lib (rad/lily), Informal. —-n. 1. Usually Disparogv
`mg. a liberal, esp. a liberal politician, considered to have
`radical or extremist tendencies. —odj. 2. being or of
`such a liberal; liberal tending toward radical: The cone
`grossman accused his opponent of holding rodelib ideas.
`Also, rad’lllb’.
`[RADUCAIJ + Lls(sn.u.)]
`RAdl'l'l. rear admiral. Also, RADM
`Rad-nor (rad’nar), n. 1. a town in SE Pennsylvania,
`near Philadelphia. 27,676. 2. Radnorshire.
`Rad-flor-ihire (radlnar shérf, —shar). n.
`a historic
`county in Powys, in E Wales. Also called Radnor.
`Ra-dom (RaIdém), n.
`a city in E Poland. 175,000.
`ra-doma (rardomh, n.
`a dome-shaped device used to
`house a radar antenna.
`[1940-45; 12. RADAR and DOME]
`ra-don (ra’don), n. Chem. a chemically inert, radioac-
`tive gaseous element produced by the decay of radium:
`emissions produced by outgassing of rock, brick, etc. are
`a health hazard. Symbol: Rn; at. no.: 86', at. wt; 222.
`[191520; asnuuM) + -oN‘]
`rad/s, radians per second. Also, rldlsoc
`rad-u-Ia (raj’d'b la), FL, p1. -Iao (-lé’). a chitinous band
`in the mouth of most mollusks, set with numerous, mi—
`nute, horny teeth and drawn backward and forward over
`food.
`[1745-55; < NL rddula,
`: scraper, equiv. to ra-
`the floor of the mouth in the Iprocess of breaking up
`dlere) to scrape, rub + 4.;ch -ULE] —rldfu-Iar. adj.
`radowasta (radrwsatl). a.
`See radioactive waste.
`[by shortening]
`Rae (r5). n.
`1.. a male given name, form of Raymond
`or Ray. 2. a female given name, form of Rachel.
`Ramburn (ra’bam). n. so Henry, 175e1823,scamsh
`painter.
`Raootic (reftik), n. 1. an extinct language of uncertain
`affinities that was spoken in Rhaetia and Written with
`Rsetic. Also, Rhaotlln.
`[1930135; < L Rotations. R ne-
`the Etruscan alphabet. —-aclj. 2. of or pertainqu to
`ticus. See RHAETIA, -Ic]
`RAF. Royal Air Force. Also, R.A.F.
`raff (ref), 11.
`riffrai'f; rabble.
`[1665—75; extracted from
`RUFF-RAFF]
`ref-fee (re fe’), n. Nout.
`a triangular sail set in the
`manner of a square sail above the uppermost yard of a
`topsail schooner. Also. ruff. (raf), raf-fll’.
`[1885-90;
`orig. uncert]
`raf-far-ty (raf‘far ts), adj. Brit. Australian. confused;
`disorganized.
`[1925—30; ari
`. in the phrase Raf erly(’s)
`rules no rules at all; perh. i entical with Brit. dia . ruffa-
`tom. reflflalory. alters. of REFRACTORY]
`raf-fI-a (rat’s a), n. a fiber obtained from the leaves of
`and for making mats. baskets,
`ate, and the like.
`,
`the raffle palm, used for tying plants and other ob'ects
`raphla.
`[1880—85: earlier rofia raffia palm, said to be <
`Malagasy]
`Raphio. as R. fur-inf era of tropics Africa, havin
`in,
`rafffla palm’.
`an
`of various palms of the genus
`1
`ngotglleaves that yield a strong. flexible fiber.
`1 95—
`raf-fI-nlta (rafla nail), n. Chem.
`the part of a liquid,
`have been extracted y a solvent.
`[1925-30; < I“ rof'fie
`esp. an oil, remaininisf‘ter its more soluble components
`n(er) to refine (r(e)- REA + nffinzr to refine; see AIP'INE)
`+ —A'rs:‘]
`raf-fl-nosa (raf’a nos/l, n. Btochem. a colorless. crys-
`talline trisaccharide, C,.H,,O,,>5H,O. with little or no
`sweetness, occurring in the sugar beet, cottonseed. etc.
`and breaking down to fi'uctose, glucose. and galactose on
`hydrolysis. Also called .onypon. molltou. molltrl-
`use.
`[1875-80; < F rof'fin(er) to refine (see RAFFINA‘I‘E)
`+ eosu’]
`raff-Ish (raf‘fish), adj. 1. mildly or sometimes engag-
`ingly disreputable or nonconformist; rakish: a matinee
`idol whose raffish ofstugz behavior amused millions.
`2. gaudily vul ar or c sap; tawdry.
`[1795—1805; as" +
`-lSl-l'] wraff’ lhvly, adv. 4rlfl‘lllh-nan. n.
`raf-flei
`(raffal), n., v., -llod, -flln'. —n. 1. a form of
`lottery in which a number of
`rsons buy one or more
`chances to win a prize. —v.t.
`. to dispose of]: a raffle
`(often fol. by off): to ruffle of a watch. —o.i.
`. to take
`art in a raffle.
`[1350—1400;
`, rofle dice me < MF,
`eriv. of rufler to snatch; of. RAM] —ran or. n.
`ref-flu? (rafi'el), n. 1. rubbish. 2. Noni. a tangle, as of
`ropes, canvas, etc.
`[1790—1800; as” + -Ll.‘]
`
`
`merit of the buildirég tum
`ogs or t e like into a ran.
`3531f; mag" —U.l.
`
`8. (of an ice flog) to
`debris) from the shore out to
`go or travel on a rail 10.
`
`other ice f'loe.
`[1250-1300 .
`
`mrrsn‘]
`'
`raft? (raft, raft), n. I
`
`[Egg-’85;
`-
`rot of trouble.
`
`'
`( E: abundancen
`rat-torl (rams:- nova, n.
`or the like. none y be ‘
`
`
`
`ortin the sheatlfingfl
`rit.
`iol. to plow (a field) no
`
`pushed over onto an unplo
`ME; OE ”Eider; c. MLG m
`
`raft-er: (raf’tar, rip-l, n. a
`sport or pastime of rafting.
`[
`
`raft-er3 (mom, r394, u,
`.
`[ssrr' + -Es']
`
`ice in cake: or A
`raft! Icel.
`on top of one another. Also
`
`raft-ins (writing. dirk).
`rivers and streams by raft.
`
`
`rafts-man (rsfts’mon,
`who manages or is emplo
`
`+ ‘s‘ + —MAN]
`
`(rag), n. 1. a worthle-
`I'EK'
`’
`is torn or worn. 2. fl“.
`
`The tramp was dream in.
`‘
`regarded deprecatingly or
`
`dress: It‘s just on old mg I M
`
`scrap, or fragmentary bit of
`
`something ofvery low value do
`re you stil
`distaste:
`
`a newspa r or msfsnnc
`-
`son of shabby or enhancing
`roofing slate that has one ,
`
`the rag. See chlw (def. a
`from extreme poverty to
`
`rugs to riches in only three
`
`< Scand; cf. Norw, Sw rm
`
`-
`rag2 (rag). 1.7., read.
`to scold. z to subject to a
`
`prolonged way (often fol._h_ .
`
`nagging on him. about bu
`
`1800:
`an act of ragging.
`[17
`jokes; play crude98-
`wit
`
`raga (rag). or... rum.
`
`of ore) for sorting. [187045;
`composition in re. one: u «
`
`“8‘ (rag). 11.. u.. art-19¢
`[1395- m
`(music) in ragtime.
`TIME]
`
`ra-za (riai’ga). n. one of the
`rescri
`music having a
`
`1780-30: <
`ornamentation.
`rag-a-muf-fln (ragla mufl ,
`table person; tatterdemahon.
`
`fitting, dirty clothes.
`name of a demon in the pom
`
`
`—Svn. 2. waif, urchin: :3“!
`ragf-and-borlel ma
`(
`who buys and sells used
`
`{1350—55}
`_
`1_- I
`rag-has (ras’bag'). n.
`of cloth are kept for use in
`
`'
`conglomeration: o 1' bag 61'
`-
`tent lies. Also, rlfl-
`-
`l
`
`rag’ boltl. See barb b0“-
`rag’ bud/nan. See ru -
`
`rag! dolll. a stuffed doll,
`
`,-
`rala (raj). n.. n, rand.
`violent anger. 2
`.
`
`lence of wind. waves. fire:
`feeling, desire, or appetite-
`eiic rage.
`.
`e o
`.
`
`lent desire7ort assiqenét of .
`being popular or
`aeblonlhlu‘
`
`
`
`rage on cam us. 8. Arctic":-
`show or To
`widely pop or or in style“
`with fury;
`el V10
`
`
`I;
`move, rush, dash. Granite
`continue. or
`
`
`
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