`
`DonateDonate
`
`
`
`Featured Exhibit: History of AnesthesiaFeatured Exhibit: History of Anesthesia
`
`MENU
`
`THE WOOD LIBRARY-MUSEUM
`
`
`MuseumMuseum > Safety & MonitoringSafety & Monitoring > Nellcor Pulse Oximeter
`
`NELLCOR PULSE OXIMETER
`
`
`WLM ID: akfrWLM ID: akfr | Catalog RecordCatalog Record
`
`Pulse oximeters revolutionized how anesthesiologists ensure that their patients get enough oxygen. Before a
`practical pulse oximeter was developed, physicians had to use expensive and time-consuming methods that
`posed adverse risks for the patient. With no skin puncture necessary, pulse oximeters use fast pulsing
`wavelengths of light to detect and calculate what percentage of a patient's oxygen-transporting hemoglobin is
`loaded with oxygen. The technical name for this measurement is arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation, abbreviated
`SpO2.
`
`IPR2018-00294
`Apple Inc. EX1020 Page 1
`
`
`
`Like most modern medical devices pulse oximeters represent advancements in technology and a culmination of
`years of knowledge in basic and clinical sciences gained by the trial and error of numerous researchers. Japanese
`researcher, Takuo Aoyagi is often recognized for putting the "pulse" in pulse oximetry by using the waveform
`produced by the arterial pulse to measure and calculate SpO2. He first reported on the work of his team in 1974.
`
`In 1981, anesthesiologist William New and two colleagues formed a new company called Nellcor. They released
`their first pulse oximeter, called the Nellcor N-100, in 1983. It quickly became a favored device. The N-100 was
`not only accurate and relatively portable, it incorporated a feature brand new to pulse oximetry technology,
`specifically, a sound indicator that reflected the rate of the pulse as well as the SpO2. If the SpO2 changed so did
`the pitch of the pulsing sound. Nellcor released the N-180, pictured here, around 1987.
`
`
`
`IPR2018-00294
`Apple Inc. EX1020 Page 2
`
`
`
`MEETINGS
`
`STUDENTS
`
`FRIENDS
`
`FELLOWSHIP
`
`LAUREATE
`
`DEVELOPMENT
`
`LINKS
`
`DONATE
`
`WOOD LIBRARY-MUSEUM
`OF ANESTHESIOLOGY
`
`Copyright © 2017 Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology (WLM), All Rights Reserved.
`1061 American Lane, Schaumburg, IL 60173-4973, USA
`Phone: 1.847.825.5586; Fax: 847.825.2085; E-mail: wlm@asahq.org
`The content on this Wood Library-Museum website reflects historical uses of objects and materials and may not reflect
`current medical practice. The content should not be relied upon in any manner as medical advice.
`
`Website Development by EdensWorks, Inc.
`
`IPR2018-00294
`Apple Inc. EX1020 Page 3
`
`
Accessing this document will incur an additional charge of $.
After purchase, you can access this document again without charge.
Accept $ Charge
Still Working On It
This document is taking longer than usual to download. This can happen if we need to contact the court directly to obtain the document and their servers are running slowly.
Give it another minute or two to complete, and then try the refresh button.
A few More Minutes ... Still Working
It can take up to 5 minutes for us to download a document if the court servers are running slowly.
Thank you for your continued patience.
This document could not be displayed.
We could not find this document within its docket. Please go back to the docket page and check the link. If that does not work, go back to the docket and refresh it to pull the newest information.
Your account does not support viewing this document.
You need a Paid Account to view this document. Click here to change your account type.
Your account does not support viewing this document.
Set your membership
status to view this document.
With a Docket Alarm membership, you'll
get a whole lot more, including:
- Up-to-date information for this case.
- Email alerts whenever there is an update.
- Full text search for other cases.
- Get email alerts whenever a new case matches your search.
One Moment Please
The filing “” is large (MB) and is being downloaded.
Please refresh this page in a few minutes to see if the filing has been downloaded. The filing will also be emailed to you when the download completes.
Your document is on its way!
If you do not receive the document in five minutes, contact support at support@docketalarm.com.
Sealed Document
We are unable to display this document, it may be under a court ordered seal.
If you have proper credentials to access the file, you may proceed directly to the court's system using your government issued username and password.
Access Government Site
