`Specification
`
`Compaq
`
`Intel
`
`Microsoft
`
`NEC
`
`Revision 1.1
`Septem her 23, 1998
`
`ZTE/SAMSUNG 1007-0001
`IPR2018-00274
`
`
`
`Universal Serial Bus Specification Revision 1.1
`
`Scope of this Revision
`The 1.1 revision of the specification is intended for product design. Every attempt has been made to ensure a
`consistent and implementable specification. Implementations should ensure compliance with this revision.
`
`Revision History
`
`Revision
`
`Issue Date
`
`Comments
`
`0.7
`
`0.8
`
`0.9
`
`0.99
`
`November 11, 1994
`
`Supersedes 0.6e.
`
`December 30, 1994
`
`Revisions to Chapters 3-8, 10, and 11. Added
`appendixes.
`
`April 13, 1995
`
`Revisions to all the chapters.
`
`August 25, 1995
`
`Revisions to all the chapters.
`
`1.0 FDR
`
`November 13, 1995
`
`Revisions to Chapters 1, 2, 5-11.
`
`1.0
`
`1.1
`
`January 15, 1996
`
`Edits to Chapters 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 for
`consistency.
`
`September 23, 1998
`
`Updates to all chapters to fix problems identified.
`
`Universal Serial Bus Specification
`Copyright © 1998, Compaq Computer Corporation,
`Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, NEC Corporation.
`All rights reserved.
`
`INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DISCLAIMER
`THIS SPECIFICATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITH NO WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER INCLUDING
`ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR ANY
`WARRANTY OTHERWISE ARISING OUT OF ANY PROPOSAL, SPECIFICATION, OR SAMPLE.
`A LICENSE IS HEREBY GRANTED TO REPRODUCE AND DISTRIBUTE THIS SPECIFICATION FOR
`INTERNAL USE ONLY. NO OTHER LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR
`OTHERWISE, TO ANY OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED OR INTENDED
`HEREBY.
`AUTHORS OF THIS SPECIFICATION DISCLAIM ALL LIABILITY, INCLUDING LIABILITY FOR
`INFRINGEMENT OF PROPRIETARY RIGHTS, RELATING TO IMPLEMENTATION OF
`INFORMATION IN THIS SPECIFICATION. AUTHORS OF THIS SPECIFICATION ALSO DO NOT
`WARRANT OR REPRESENT THAT SUCH IMPLEMENTATION(S) WILL NOT INFRINGE SUCH
`RIGHTS.
`
`GeoPort and Apple Desktop Bus are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc.
`Windows and Windows NT are trademarks and Microsoft and Win32 are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
`IBM, PS/2, and Micro Channel are registered trademarks oflntemational Business Machines Corporation.
`AT&T is a registered trademark of American Telephone and Telegraph Company.
`Compaq is a registered trademark of Compaq Computer Corporation.
`UNIX is a registered trademark of UNIX System Laboratories.
`I2C is a trademark of Phillips Semiconductors.
`DEC is a trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation.
`All other product names are trademarks, registered trademarks, or servicemarks of their respective owners.
`
`Please send comments via electronic mail to techsup@µsb.org
`For industry information, refer to the USB Implementers Forum web page at http://www.usb.org
`
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`Universal Serial Bus Specification Revision 1.1
`
`Contents
`
`CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 1
`
`1.1 Motivation ............................................................................................................................................... 1
`
`1.2 Objective of the Specification ................................................................................................................ 1
`
`1.3
`
`Scope of the Document ........................................................................................................................... 2
`
`1.4 Document Organization ......................................................................................................................... 2
`
`CHAPTER 2 TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................... 3
`
`CHAPTER 3 BACKGROUND .................................................................................. 11
`
`3.1 Goals for the Universal Serial Bus ...................................................................................................... 11
`
`3.2 Taxonomy of Application Space .......................................................................................................... 12
`
`3.3 Feature List ........................................................................................................................................... 12
`
`CHAPTER 4 ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW ........................................................ 15
`
`4.1 USB System Description ...................................................................................................................... 15
`4.1.1 Bus Topology .................................................................................................................................. 16
`
`Physical Interface ................................................................................................................................. 17
`4.2
`4.2.1
`Electrical ......................................................................................................................................... 17
`4.2.2 Mechanical ...................................................................................................................................... 17
`
`Power ..................................................................................................................................................... 18
`4.3
`4.3.1
`Power Distribution .......................................................................................................................... 18
`4.3.2
`PowerManagement ......................................................................................................................... 18
`
`4.4 Bus Protocol .......................................................................................................................................... 18
`
`4.5 Robustness ............................................................................................................................................. 19
`4.5.l Error Detection ................................................................................................................................ 19
`4.5.2 Error Handling ................................................................................................................................. 19
`
`System Configuration ........................................................................................................................... 19
`4.6
`4.6.1 Attachment ofUSB Devices ........................................................................................................... 19
`4.6.2 Removal ofUSB Devices ................................................................................................................ 20
`4.6.3 Bus Enumeration ............................................................................................................................. 20
`
`4. 7 Data Flow Types ................................................................................................................................... 20
`4.7.l Control Transfers ............................................................................................................................. 20
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`4.7.2 Bulk Transfers ................................................................................................................................. 20
`4.7.3
`Interrupt Transfers ........................................................................................................................... 21
`4.7.4
`Isochronous Transfers ..................................................................................................................... 21
`4.7.5 Allocating USB Bandwidth ............................................................................................................. 21
`
`4.8 USB Devices .......................................................................................................................................... 21
`4.8.1 Device Characterizations ................................................................................................................. 21
`4.8.2 Device Descriptions ........................................................................................................................ 22
`
`4.9 USB Host: Hardware and Software ................................................................................................... 24
`
`4.10 Architectural Extensions .........................................................•........................................................... 24
`
`CHAPTER 5 USB DATA FLOW MODEL. ............................................................... 25
`
`5.1
`
`Implementer Viewpoints .................................•.................................................................................... 25
`
`5.2 Bus Topology ........................................................................................................................................ 27
`5.2.1 USB Host ........................................................................................................................................ 27
`5.2.2 USB Devices ................................................................................................................................... 28
`5.2.3
`Physical Bus Topology .................................................................................................................... 29
`5.2.4 Logical Bus Topology ..................................................................................................................... 30
`5.2.5 Client Software-to-function Relationship ........................................................................................ 30
`
`5.3 USB Communication Flow .................................................................................................................. 31
`5.3.l Device Endpoints ............................................................................................................................ 32
`Pipes ................................................................................................................................................ 33
`5.3.2
`
`5.4 Transfer Types ...................................................................................................................................... 35
`
`5.5 Control Transfers ................................................................................................................................. 36
`5.5.1 Control Transfer Data Format ........................................................................................................ .36
`5.5.2 Control Transfer Direction .............................................................................................................. 37
`5.5.3 Control Transfer Packet Size Constraints ....................................................................................... .37
`5.5.4 Control Transfer Bus Access Constraints ....................................................................................... .38
`5.5.5 Control Transfer Data Sequences .................................................................................................... 40
`
`Isochronous Transfers .........•...............................••..............................................•............................... 41
`5.6
`5.6.1
`Isochronous Transfer Data Format ................................................................................................. .41
`5 .6.2
`Isochronous Transfer Direction ...................................................................................................... .41
`5.6.3
`Isochronous Transfer Packet Size Constraints ............................................................................... .41
`5.6.4
`Isochronous Transfer Bus Access Constraints ............................................................................... .42
`5.6.5
`Isochronous Transfer Data Sequences ............................................................................................. 43
`
`Interrupt Transfers ....................................••........................................................................................ 43
`5. 7
`5.7.1
`Interrupt Transfer Data Format ...................................................................................................... .43
`5. 7 .2
`Interrupt Transfer Direction ........................................................................................................... .43
`5.7.3
`Interrupt Transfer Packet Size Constraints ..................................................................................... .43
`5.7.4
`Interrupt Transfer Bus Access Constraints ..................................................................................... .44
`5. 7.5
`Interrupt Transfer Data Sequences ................................................................................................. .46
`
`5.8 Bulk Transfers ................................................................................................•..................................... 46
`5.8.l Bulk Transfer Data Format ............................................................................................................ .47
`5.8.2 Bulk Transfer Direction ................................................................................................................. .47
`5.8.3 Bulk Transfer Packet Size Constraints ........................................................................................... .47
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`5.8.4 Bulk Transfer Bus Access Constraints ........................................................................................... .47
`5.8.5 Bulk Transfer Data Sequences ....................................................................................................... .48
`
`5.9 Bus Access for Transfers ...................................................................................................................... 49
`5 .9 .1
`Transfer Management ..................................................................................................................... .49
`5.9.2 Transaction Tracking ....................................................................................................................... 52
`5.9.3 Calculating Bus Transaction Times ................................................................................................. 54
`5.9.4 Calculating Buffer Sizes in Functions and Software ....................................................................... 55
`5 .9.5 Bus Bandwidth Reclamation ........................................................................................................... 55
`
`5.10 Special Considerations for Isochronous Transfers ............................................................................ 55
`5.10.l Example Non-USB Isochronous Application .................................................................................. 56
`5.10.2 USB ClockModel ........................................................................................................................... 59
`5.10.3 Clock Synchronization .................................................................................................................... 61
`5.10.4 Isochronous Devices ........................................................................................................................ 61
`5.10.5 Data Prebuffering ............................................................................................................................ 69
`5.10.6 SOF Tracking .................................................................................................................................. 70
`5.10.7 Error Handling ................................................................................................................................. 70
`5.10.8 Buffering for Rate Matching ........................................................................................................... 71
`
`CHAPTER 6 MECHANICAL .................................................................................... 73
`
`6.1 Architectural Overview ........................................................................................................................ 73
`
`6.2 Keyed Connector Protocol ................................................................................................................... 73
`
`6.3 Cable ...................................................................................................................................................... 74
`
`6.4 Cable Assembly ..................................................................................................................................... 74
`6.4.1 Detachable Cable Assemblies ......................................................................................................... 74
`6.4.2
`Full-speed Captive Cable Assemblies ............................................................................................. 76
`6.4.3
`Low-speed Captive Cable Assemblies ............................................................................................ 78
`6.4.4
`Prohibited Cable Assemblies ........................................................................................................... 80
`
`6.5 Connector Mechanical Configuration and Material Requirements ................................................ 80
`6.5.1 USB Icon Location .......................................................................................................................... 81
`6.5.2 USB Connector Termination Data .................................................................................................. 82
`6.5.3
`Series "A" and Series "B" Receptacles ........................................................................................... 82
`6.5.4
`Series "A" and Series "B" Plugs ..................................................................................................... 86
`
`6.6 Cable Mechanical Configuration and Material Requirements ........................................................ 90
`6.6.1 Description ...................................................................................................................................... 90
`6.6.2 Construction .................................................................................................................................... 91
`6.6.3
`Electrical Characteristics ................................................................................................................. 93
`6.6.4 Cable Environmental Characteristics .............................................................................................. 93
`6.6.5
`Listing ............................................................................................................................................. 94
`
`6. 7 Electrical, Mechanical and Environmental Compliance Standards ................................................ 94
`6.7.1 Applicable Documents .................................................................................................................. 102
`
`6.8 USB Grounding .................................................................................................................................. 102
`
`6.9
`
`PCB Reference Drawings ................................................................................................................... 102
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`CHAPTER 7 ELECTRICAL ................................................................................... 107
`
`Signaling .....................................•............•........................•..•.••........•...................................•............•.. 107
`7.1
`7.1.1 USB Driver Characteristics ........................................................................................................... 107
`7.1.2 Data Signal Rise and Fall .............................................................................................................. 110
`7.1.3 Cable Skew .................................................................................................................................... 112
`7.1.4 Receiver Characteristics ................................................................................................................ 112
`7 .1.5 Device Speed Identification .......................................................................................................... 113
`7 .1.6
`Input Characteristics ...................................................................................................................... 114
`7 .1. 7
`Signaling Levels ............................................................................................................................ 115
`7 .1. 8 Data Encoding/Decoding .............................................................................................................. 123
`7.1.9 Bit Stuffing .................................................................................................................................... 124
`7.1.10 SyncPattem .................................................................................................................................. 126
`7.1.11 Data Signaling Rate ....................................................................................................................... 126
`7.1.12 Frame Interval and Frame Interval Adjustment ............................................................................ 126
`7.1.13 Data Source Signaling ................................................................................................................... 127
`7.1.14 Hub Signaling Timings ................................................................................................................. 128
`7 .1.15 Receiver Data Jitter ....................................................................................................................... 13 0
`7.1.16 Cable Delay ................................................................................................................................... 132
`7.1.17 Cable Attenuation .......................................................................................................................... 133
`7.1.18 Bus Tum-around Time and Inter-packet Delay ............................................................................. 133
`7.1.19 Maximum End-to-end Signal Delay .............................................................................................. 133
`
`Power Distribution ............................................................................................................................. 134
`7.2
`7.2.1 Classes ofDevices ......................................................................................................................... 134
`7.2.2 Voltage Drop Budget .................................................................................................................... 138
`7.2.3
`Power Control During Suspend/Resume ....................................................................................... 139
`7.2.4 Dynamic Attach and Detach .......................................................................................................... 140
`
`Physical Layer .................................................................................................................................... 141
`7.3
`7 .3 .1 Regulatory Requirements .............................................................................................................. 142
`7.3.2 Bus Timing/Electrical Characteristics ........................................................................................... 142
`7.3.3
`Timing Waveforms ....................................................................................................................... 151
`
`CHAPTER 8 PROTOCOL LAYER ........................................................................ 155
`
`8.1 Bit Ordering ........................................................................................................................................ 155
`
`8.2
`
`SYNC Field ......................................................................................................................................... 155
`
`Packet Field Formats ......................................................................................................................... 155
`8.3
`Packet Identifier Field ................................................................................................................... 155
`8.3.1
`8.3.2 Address Fields ............................................................................................................................... 156
`8.3.3
`Frame Number Field ..................................................................................................................... 157
`8.3.4 DataField ...................................................................................................................................... 157
`8.3.5 Cyclic Redundancy Checks ........................................................................................................... 158
`
`Packet Formats ................................................................................................................................... 158
`8.4
`8.4.1
`TokenPackets ............................................................................................................................... 159
`8.4.2
`Start-of-Frame Packets .................................................................................................................. 159
`8.4.3 Data Packets .................................................................................................................................. 160
`8.4.4 Handshake Packets ........................................................................................................................ 160
`8.4.5 Handshake Responses ................................................................................................................... 161
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`8.5 Transaction Formats ...................•........•....•........•.............•......... , ....................................................... 162
`8.5.1 Bulk Transactions .......................................................................................................................... 163
`8.5.2 Control Transfers ........................................................................................................................... 164
`8.5.3
`Interrupt Transactions .................................................................................................................... 167
`Isochronous Transactions .............................................................................................................. 168
`8.5.4
`
`8.6 Data Toggle Synchronization and Retry ..........................•..................•.•...........................•.............. 168
`8.6.1
`Initialization via SETUP Token .................................................................................................... 169
`8.6.2
`Successful Data Transactions ........................................................................................................ 169
`8.6.3 Data Corrupted or Not Accepted ................................................................................................... 170
`8.6.4 Corrupted ACK Handshake ........................................................................................................... 170
`8.6.5 Low-speed Transactions ................................................................................................................ 171
`
`8. 7 Error Detection and Recovery .........•..••...••.................•................•••......•.............................•........•..... 172
`8.7.1
`Packet Error Categories ................................................................................................................. 172
`8.7.2 Bus Turn-around Timing ............................................................................................................... 172
`8.7.3
`FalseEOPs .................................................................................................................................... 173
`8.7.4 Babble and Loss of Activity Recovery .......................................................................................... 174
`
`CHAPTER 9 USB DEVICE FRAMEWORK ........................................................... 175
`
`9.1 USB Device States ..••.••.........................................•.....................•.........................•.............................• 175
`9.1.1 Visible Device States ..................................................................................................................... 175
`9 .1.2 Bus Enumeration ........................................................................................................................... 179
`
`9.2 Generic USB Device Operations .........•.....•................•....................•................................................. 180
`9 .2.1 Dynamic Attachment and Removal. .............................................................................................. 180
`9.2.2 Address Assignment ...................................................................................................................... 180
`9.2.3 Configuration ................................................................................................................................ 180
`9.2.4 Data Transfer ................................................................................................................................. 181
`9.2.5
`Power Management ....................................................................................................................... 181
`9 .2.6 Request Processing ........................................................................................................................ 181
`9.2.7 RequestError ................................................................................................................................. 182
`
`9.3 USB Device Requests ••......................•.....................•....................••.......................•............................. 183
`9 .3 .1
`bmRequestType ............................................................................................................................. 183
`9.3.2
`bRequest ........................................................................................................................................ 184
`9.3.3 wValue .......................................................................................................................................... 184
`9.3.4 wlndex ........................................................................................................................................... 184
`9.3.5 wLength ......................................................................................................................................... 184
`
`9.4 Standard Device Requests .....•.......................•.......••.......................................................•.•................. 185
`9.4.1 Clear Feature ................................................................................................................................. 188
`9.4.2 Get Configuration .......................................................................................................................... 189
`9.4.3 GetDescriptor ............................................................................................................................... 189
`9.4.4 Getlnterface .................................................................................................................................. 190
`9.4.5 Get Status ...................................................................................................................................... 190
`9.4.6
`Set Address .................................................................................................................................... 192
`9.4.7
`Set Configuration ...............................