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`Nmap Network Scanning
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`TCP/IP Reference
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`Preface
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`TCP/IP Reference
`
`This book assumes basic familiarity with TCP/IP and networking concepts. You won't find a primer on the OSI seven-
`layer model or a rundown of the Berkeley Socket API within these pages. For a comprehensive guide to TCP/IP, I
`recommend “The TCP/IP Guide” by Charles Kozierok or the old classic “TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume I” by W. Richard
`Stevens.
`
`While TCP/IP familiarity is expected, even the best of us occasionally forget byte offsets for packet header fields and
`flags. This section provides quick reference diagrams and field descriptions for the IPv4, TCP, UDP, and ICMP protocols.
`These beautiful diagrams are used by permission of author Matt Baxter.
`
`Figure 1. IPv4 header
`
`https://nmap.org/book/tcpip-ref.html
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`2/21/2018
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`Alacritech, Ex. 2042 Page 1
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`
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`TCP/IP Reference | Nmap Network Scanning
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`Page 2 of 3
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`Figure 2. TCP header
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`Figure 3. UDP header
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`https://nmap.org/book/tcpip-ref.html
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`2/21/2018
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`Alacritech, Ex. 2042 Page 2
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`TCP/IP Reference | Nmap Network Scanning
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`Page 3 of 3
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`Figure 4. ICMP header
`
`Acknowledgements
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` Chapter 1. Getting Started with Nmap
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`https://nmap.org/book/tcpip-ref.html
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`2/21/2018
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`Alacritech, Ex. 2042 Page 3
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