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`UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
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`Sony Corporation,
`Petitioner,
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`v.
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`One-E-Way, Inc.
`Patent Owner.
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`Patent No. 8,131,391
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`Issue Date: March 6, 2012
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`Title: Wireless Digital Audio Music System
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`EXHIBIT 1011
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`COMPARISON OF 2008 APPLICATION SPECIFICATION
`AND SPECIFICATION OF PATENT NO. 8,131,391
`AS ORIGINALLY FILED
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`No. IPR2018-00218
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`On the following pages, the as-filed specification of U.S. App. No. 12/144,729,
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`filed on July 12, 2008 (“the 2008 specification”) is compared to the as-filed
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`specification of U.S. App. No. 12/940,747, filed on Nov. 5, 2010, and issued as the
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`’391 patent (“the 2010 specification”). Blue underlined text appears in the 2010
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`specification but not in the 2008 specification. Red text in strikeout appears in the
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`2008 specification but not in the 2010 specification.
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`SONY EXHIBIT 1011 - 0001
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`Continuation from Appl. No. 12/570,343 Atty. Docket No. 1028.5
`WIRELESS DIGITAL AUDIO MUSIC SYSTEM
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`This continuation application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No.
`12//570,343, which claimed the benefit of U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 12/144,729
`filed July 12, 2008, now U.S. Patent No. 7,684,885, which claimed benefit of U.S. Patent
`Application Serial No. 10/648,012 filed August 26, 2003, now U.S. Patent No.
`7,412,294, which claimed benefit from from U.S. Patent Application Serial No.
`10/027,391, filed December 21, 2001, for “Wireless Digital Audio System,” published
`under US 2003/0118196 A1 on June 26, 2003, now abandoned, both of which are
`incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.
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`BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
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`[0001] This invention relates to audio player devices and more particularly to systems
`that include headphone listening devices. The new audio system uses an existing
`headphone jack (i.e., this is the standard analog headphone jack that connects to wired
`headphones) of a music audio player (i.e., portable CD player, portable cassette player,
`portable A.M./F.M. radio, laptop/desktop computer, portable MP3 player, and the like)
`to connect a battery powered transmitter for wireless transmission of a signal to a set of
`battery powered receiving headphones.
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`[0002] Use of audio headphones with audio player devices such as portable CD players,
`portable cassette players, portable A.M./F.M. radios, laptop/desktop computers, portable
`MP3 players and the like have been in use for many years. These systems incorporate an
`audio source having an analog headphone jack to which headphones may be connected
`by wire.
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`[0003] There are also known wireless headphones that may receive A.M. and F.M. radio
`transmissions. However, they do not allow use of a simple plug in (i.e., plug in to the
`existing analog audio headphone jack) battery powered transmitter for connection to any
`music audio player device jack, such as the above mentioned music audio player devices,
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`SONY EXHIBIT 1011 - 0002
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`for coded wireless transmission and reception by headphones of audio music for private
`listening without interference where multiple users occupying the same space are
`operating wireless transmission devices. Existing audio systems make use of electrical
`wire connections between the audio source and the headphones to accomplish private
`listening to multiple users.
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`[0004] There is a need for a battery powered simple connection system for existing
`music audio player devices (i.e., the previously mentioned music devices), to allow
`coded digital wireless transmission (using a battery powered transmitter) to a headphone
`receiver (using a battery powered receiver headphones) that accomplishes private
`listening to multiple users occupying the same space without the use of wires.
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`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
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`[0005] The present invention is generally directed to a wireless digital audio system for
`coded digital transmission of an audio signal from any audio player with an analog
`headphone jack to a receiver headphone located away from the audio player. Fuzzy logic
`technology may be utilized by the system to enhance bit detection. A battery-powered
`digital transmitter may include a headphone plug in communication with any suitable
`music audio source. For reception, a battery-powered headphone receiver may use
`embedded fuzzy logic to enhance user code bit detection. Fuzzy logic detection may be
`used to enhance user code bit detection during decoding of the transmitted audio signal.
`The wireless digital audio music system provides private listening without interference
`from other users or wireless devices and without the use of conventional cable
`connections.
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`[0006] These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will
`become better understood with reference to the following drawings, description and
`claims.
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`SONY EXHIBIT 1011 - 0003
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`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
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`[0007] Some aspects of the present invention are generally shown by way of reference to
`the accompanying drawings in which:
`Figure 1 schematically illustrates a wireless digital audio system in accordance
`with the present invention;
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`Figure 2 is a block diagram of an audio transmitter portion of the wireless digital
`audio system of Fig. 1.;
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`Figure 3 is a block diagram of an audio receiver portion of the wireless digital
`audio system of Fig. 1; and
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`Figure 4 is an exemplary graph showing the utilization of an embedded fuzzy
`logic coding algorithm according to one embodiment of the present invention.
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`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
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`[0008] The following detailed description is the best currently contemplated modes for
`carrying out the invention. The description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is
`made merely for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention.
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`[0009] Referring to Figures 1 through 3, a wireless digital audio music system 10 may
`include a battery powered transmitter 20 connected to a portable music audio player or
`music audio source 80. The battery powered wireless digital audio music transmitter 20
`utilizes an analog to digital converter or ADC 32 and may be connected to the music
`audio source 80 analog headphone jack 82 using a headphone plug 22. The battery
`powered transmitter 20 may have a transmitting antenna 24 that may be omni-directional
`for transmitting a spread spectrum modulated signal to a receiving antenna 52 of a
`battery powered headphone receiver 50. The battery powered receiver 50 may have
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`SONY EXHIBIT 1011 - 0004
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`headphone speakers 75 in headphones 55 for listening to the spread spectrum
`demodulated and decoded communication signal. In the headphone receiver 50, fuzzy
`logic detection may be used to optimize reception of the received user code. The
`transmitter 20 may digitize the audio signal using ADC 32. The digitized signal may be
`processed downstream by an encoder 36. After digital conversion, the digital signal may
`be processed by a digital low pass filter. To reduce the effects of channel noise, the
`battery powered transmitter 20 may use a channel encoder 38. A modulator 42
`modulates the digital signal to be transmitted. For further noise immunity, a spread
`spectrum DPSK (differential phase shift key) transmitter or module 48, is utilized. The
`battery powered transmitter 20 may contain a code generator 44 that may be used to
`create a unique user code. The unique user code generated is specifically associated with
`one wireless digital audio system user, and it is the only code recognized by the battery
`powered headphone receiver 50 operated by a particular user. The radio frequency (RF)
`spectrum utilized (as taken from the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band) may
`be approximately 2.4 GHz. The power radiated by the transmitter adheres to the ISM
`standard.
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`[0010] Particularly, the received spread spectrum signal may be communicated to a 2.4
`GHz direct conversion receiver or module 56. Referring to Figures 1 through 4, the
`spread spectrum modulated signal from transmit antenna 24 may be received by
`receiving antenna 52 and then processed by spread spectrum direct conversion receiver
`or module 56 with a receiver code generator 60 that contains the same transmitted unique
`code, in the battery powered receiver 50 headphones. The transmitted signal from
`antenna 24 may be received by receiving antenna 52 and communicated to a wideband
`bandpass filter (BPF). The battery powered receiver 50 may utilize embedded fuzzy
`logic 61 (as graphically depicted in Figures 1, 4) to optimize the bit detection of the
`received user code. The down converted output signal of direct conversion receiver or
`module 56 may be summed by receiver summing element 58 with a receiver code
`generator 60 signal. The receiver code generator 60 may contain the same unique
`wireless transmission of a signal code word that was transmitted by audio transmitter 20
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`SONY EXHIBIT 1011 - 0005
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`specific to a particular user. Other code words from wireless digital audio systems 10
`may appear as noise to audio receiver 50. This may also be true for other device
`transmitted wireless signals operating in the wireless digital audio spectrum of digital
`audio system 10. This code division multiple access (CDMA) may be used to provide
`each user independent audible enjoyment. The resulting summed digital signal from
`receiving summary element 58 and direct conversion receiver or module 56 may be
`processed by a 64-Ary demodulator 62 to demodulate the signal elements modulated in
`the audio transmitter 20. A block de- interleaver 64 may then decode the bits of the
`digital signal encoded in the block interleaver 40. Following such, a Viterbi decoder 66
`may be used to decode the encoded by the channel encoder 38 in audio transmitter 20. A
`source decoder 68 may further decode the coding applied by encoder 36.
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`[0011] Each receiver headphone 50 user may be able to listen (privately) to high fidelity
`audio music, using any of the audio devices listed previously, without the use of wires,
`and without interference from any other receiver headphone 50 user, even when operated
`within a shared space. The fuzzy logic detection technique 61 used in the receiver 50
`could provide greater user separation through optimizing code division in the headphone
`receiver.
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`[0012] The battery powered transmitter 20 sends the audio music information to the
`battery powered receiver 50 in digital packet format. These packets may flow to create a
`digital bit stream rate less than or equal to 1.0 Mbps.
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`[0013] The user code bits in each packet may be received and detected by a fuzzy logic
`detection sub-system 61 (as an option) embedded in the headphone receiver 50 to
`optimize audio receiver performance. For each consecutive packet received, the fuzzy
`logic detection sub-system 61 may compute a conditional density with respect to the
`context and fuzziness of the user code vector, i.e., the received code bits in each packet.
`Fuzziness may describe the ambiguity of the high (1)/low (0 or -1) event in the received
`user code within the packet. The fuzzy logic detection sub-system 61 may measure the
`degree to which a high/low bit occurs in the user code vector, which produces a low
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`SONY EXHIBIT 1011 - 0006
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`probability of bit error in the presence of noise. The fuzzy logic detection sub-system 61
`may use a set of if-then rules to map the user code bit inputs to validation outputs. These
`rules may be developed as if-then statements.
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`[0014] Fuzzy logic detection sub-system 61 in battery-powered headphone receiver 50
`utilizes the if-then fuzzy set to map the received user code bits into two values: a low (0
`or -1) and a high (1). Thus, as the user code bits are received, the “iP’ rules map the
`signal bit energy to the fuzzy set low value to some degree and to the fuzzy set high value
`to some degree. Figure 4 graphically shows that x-value -1 equals the maximum low bit
`energy representation and x-value 1 equals the maximum high bit energy representation.
`Due to additive noise, the user code bit energy may have some membership to a low and
`high as represented in Figure 4. The if-part fuzzy set may determine if each bit in the user
`code, for every received packet, has a greater membership to a high bit representation or
`a low bit representation. The more a user code bit energy fits into the high or low
`representation, the closer its subsethood, i.e., a measure of the membership degree to
`which a set may be a subset of another set, may be to one.
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`[0015] The if-then rule parts that make up the fuzzy logic detection sub-system 61 must
`be followed by a defuzzifying operation. This operation reduces the aforementioned
`fuzzy set to a bit energy representation (i.e., -1 or 1) that is received by the transmitted
`packet. Fuzzy logic detection sub-system 61 may be used in battery-powered headphone
`receiver 50 to enhance overall system performance.
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`[0016] The next step may process the digital signal to return the signal to analog or base
`band format for use in powering speaker(s) 75. A digital-to-analog converter 70 (DAC)
`may be used to transform the digital signal to an analog audio signal. An analog low pass
`filter 72 may be used to filter the analog audio music signal to pass a signal in the
`approximate 20 Hz to 20 kHz frequency range and filter other frequencies. The analog
`audio music signal may then be processed by a power amplifier 74 that may be optimized
`for powering headphone speakers 75 to provide a high quality, low distortion audio
`music for audible enjoyment by a user wearing headphones 55. A person skilled in the
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`SONY EXHIBIT 1011 - 0007
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`art would appreciate that some of the embodiments described hereinabove are merely
`illustrative of the general principles of the present invention. Other modifications or
`variations may be employed that are within the scope of the invention. Thus, by way of
`example, but not of limitation, alternative configurations may be utilized in accordance
`with the teachings herein. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative and
`not meant to be a limitation thereof.
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`[0017] Moreover, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest possible manner
`consistent with the context. In particular, the terms “comprises” and “comprising”
`should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive
`manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps may be present, or
`utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not expressly
`referenced. Thus, it is intended that the invention cover all embodiments and variations
`thereof as long as such embodiments and variations come within the scope of the
`appended claims and their equivalents.
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`ABSTRACT
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`[0018] A wireless digital audio system includes a portable audio source with a digital
`audio transmitter operatively coupled thereto and an audio receiver operatively coupled
`to a headphone set. The audio receiver is configured for digital wireless communication
`with the audio transmitter. The digital audio receiver utilizes fuzzy logic to optimize
`digital signal processing. Each of the digital audio transmitter and receiver is configured
`for code division multiple access (CDMA) communication. The wireless digital audio
`system allows private audio enjoyment without interference from other users of
`independent wireless digital transmitters and receivers sharing the same space.
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`SONY EXHIBIT 1011 - 0008
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