92 : 3 ; 299-307. 1999
`
`299
`
`^ -fe :7 y" y® o^ij^
`
`[Ml ^ fo /©.
`
`Clinical Efl&cacy of Cefzon® on Acute Otitis Media in Children
`
`Kazunori Okamoto
`(Okamoto Otorhinolaryngology and Padiatric Clinic)
`
`Cefzon® (cefdinir, CFDN, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) is an oral cephem antibiotic which
`was marketed in 1991. It has been confirmed that the clinical efficacy of cefdinir in the treatment
`of respiratory tract infections was 85.0% or more and the safety of cefdinir was high in the field of
`pediatrics. In this study the clinical efficacy of cefdinir in cases of acute otitis media was investi­
`gated in 47 pediatric patients aged 3 months to 11 years and 9 months. The clinical efficacy rate
`83.0% and the bacteriological eradication rate was 79.2% in all of these patients. The main
`was
`pathogens isolated from these patients were Haemophilus influenzae (41.1%), Streptococcus pneumo­
`niae (30.4%) and coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) (12.5%). The eradication rates of these
`pathogens were 82.6% (19/23 patients) for H. influenzae and 78.6% (11/14 patients) for S. pneu­
`moniae. The efficacy rate of cefdinir in monomicrobial infections was 89.7% (26/29 patients) but
`the efficacy rate in polymicrobial infections was 64.3% (9/14 patients).
`As adverse reactions, diarrhea was observed in 3 patients (6%) but disappeared in 1 patient 3
`days after discontinuation of the drug and administration was continued in the remaining 2 patients.
`The superior efficacy of cefdinir in treatment of acute otitis media was attributed to the high
`concentrations of cefdinir which exceeded MICs against H. influenzae or S. pneumoniae in tympanic
`mucosa.
`Key words : cefdinir (Cefzon®), acute otitis media, therapeutic efficacy, bacteriological efficacy
`
`,#,14
`
`itCiSiz
`y r ft 4 MHIi-'llM-t ^ ^
`
`itK*n yy5h r y.XoT y- biiSfc.fci'y
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`It, -fe 7 y, y® (cefixime, CFIX)
`
`?)5>.
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`Ppn
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`LT-fe 7 '/ y® lt85%blJb€) Aff
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`1) M m
`^4^1tl997tb 1 ,f^d^C1998^2/!
`
`SAWAI EX. 1022
`Page 1 of 9
`
`

`

`300
`
`ffl
`
`E »
`
`ft SU
`
`(kg)
`
`mmm
`
`■R4-A
`(mg/kg/ 0)
`
`(0)
`
`3!
`
`<2
`2~<4
`4~<8
`
`(Sd'—ft*)
`<10
`10~<20
`20-<30
`630
`
`(Sd'-ft*)
`ZiL
`0
`ft L
`
`<12
`
`14—<16
`616
`
`(ftd'-ft*)
`4-6
`
`mm {%)
`Aim
`28 (59.6)
`19 (40.4)
`20 (42.6)
`15 (31.9)
`9 (19.1)
`3 (6.4)
`3.0±2.4
`(0.3-11.8)
`7 (12.8)
`37 (78.7)
`3 ( 6.4)
`1 (2.1)
`13.8 + 5.8
`(7.0-41)
`31 (66.0)
`16 (34.0)
`32 (68.1)
`15 (31.9)
`2 (4.3)
`3 (6.4)
`39 (83.0)
`3 (6.4)
`14.9±1.2
`(10.3-18.5)
`27 (57.4)
`20 (42.6)
`6.2 + 1.6
`(4-9)
`
`7s ^© 5 ■?:> 2 ^1](L 3
`7" P h =■
`Si)*©ffFfi0i>l4ft t Lfc(* 1). 47fiJ415^Jlc7 y;77-
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`1 0'K7-1^J7,
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`i!~lia9
`-^*1416.6-41 kg (7i^
`
`0 7^9^1(61.73^)7, 1 0 7181^1 (38.3%) 7
`It,
`h-om. 4fc
`kg/ 0 (7*^ 14.9 mg/kg/ 0)37, ftAST-SA&^Ult
`18. 5 mg/kg/ 0 © 1 1?|72b o 7c. t 7c,
`4
`
`~ 6 0 nn t 7
`Pifl). 7£^o-.
`
`9
`
`92 : 3
`
`(1)
`
`*
`
`(2)
`
`% I 'ttgttiWKife-e'S p
`
`L, -fe 7 '/ V® ©e#-d»70)g|!^ i
`
`2)
`L "t, -fe 7 '/ y® o 10%
`L fcmJS
`maw ^
`^iCflO t
`Iffllid g 4’^!! cefdinir © 100 mg
`LX 1 0 15 mg (4lffi)/kg ^ 3 HK-d'-SU L7Kt;'|gffl L
`fc. TtiJ,
`
`0ft, 7 0ft*jJ;t8'S^II7Btr,
`
`tc.
`
`• •
`t), y - F7 7 7 2 ^ (*W) <l^Xh, (») 7
`^(JiiarU)--mm l, ibises#ii z/mm
`t£i^, ^#:©®®lt-t7'/y® ©a
`
`5)
`NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory
`Standards, U. S. A.)
`?> ,' y p 7" p y ft7'i|iJS L
`fc«. MIC (ft7^wpiihjiit)©»»ftii, e^fi#o*
`
`dinir (CFDN), cefixime (CFIX), amoxicillin (AMPC)
`cefaclor (CCL,
`it
`SiaXd'dAf^Lfc. t7c, cefpodoxime (CPDX) i
`XI cefteram (CFTM) lL*iR*p”n •
`L
`
`h r?i^i
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`AJ
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`
`SAWAI EX. 1022
`Page 2 of 9
`
`

`

`92 : 3
`
`i -t ■/ y®
`
`301
`
`ntttj tmnuc.
`,E|:gibn ©iu-g-ici|fti:, nsilj, r^^j.
`WjJ,
`« SJtP-Ulc^J/gLfc.
`7) aiifp^i
`47fiiS-'f 449 i
`(oznmemM t,
`mm. mms.
`(ckt.
`ii(mm, «:■;, '4It) fc .t vWM'k 4 t 10
`
`a
`
`‘P
`
`1)
`S 2 t4fi 77 ©.fiEfyUtC'-OO omMmiz j; O'Egftia*
`pzjfl-r. *3 19.41-3;
`3 *47)^
`1111 a 9 * .1 0 ,i4S r- 44 t -t -/ '/ y® 0 10.3-18.5
`mg/kg/0
`47f2114394i7)11fa'C, tfkJj
`m'i.{)% 0 9j) s b'l m m 4 4. fz. #£ t ? 1 ^ -tz 5 m a
`Streptococcus pneumoniae 1 M, Haemophilus influ­
`enzae 1 fit'i (4 77. influenzae 4fttl0li#t 031^!®'^^
`M, ■0Sa0®g£)JiJr.4'441514^*19.
`3frc4'y4.
`71tJ:'-r®4-:l t .jiAMPaJ 4 0H5i^l^l1 b 7c|g>l-4'* 4
`19,44. !®454r3l0'ltli'6E4^ 14#SEl9.4ia-^l/jl4t'«
`laj/lEfe 14.44, lt/S'e(-t4m:4iIi61:2)^o7;-,. t
`tz, rnttommtS41:0P«40%
`1A^ I
`>
`0-4.
`
`f
`
`Lie. '/
`
`2) !ilfciBi5«5©4^*Slft
`HI 1
`S. pneumoniae 7)'17tt(30. 4%')
`■7
`■|t'fi''C!'t 77. infl.uenzae 7j523|4(41. 1%) t
`9" 9 A
`<
`^P--o tz. i tz, -t 7 '/ -y®
`t. 0®'«
`S. pneumoniae
`H. influenzae P’^
`82. 6%'C. y -7 Aiittri4;#:t:1i85. 2'!f^, .7' 9
`f4-C'{t73. \%, 4;4'-e79.
`ibii-fc
`.A.
`(S5). tiziz, Penicillin resistant S. pneumoniae
`PRSP) ®?fl4!p{t62.5%(5/8tt)-C, Penicil­
`lin susceptible S. pneumoniae {f|i:S:14)ii!i'.i}45|tiS PSSP)
`ffl'B4lKi9.4
`Oii4;4l00%(6/6)i; blSTLyp. 1tiz
`t fc39i9l433i?i (84. %%) oyMme
`(M2), -flj,
`i
`*SV
`«S:tl!ffi*ffi94t41 Eimajlftli, 4.)iliiTlS:»0P®ll;
`4-»89.7%19,$;j'L. aM'i®»Sil64. 3%'C, MIA
`K:ffiit|ii®lfel¥0:4Ai?&liS&:SA5ftT 14(* 6 ).
`
`flhtz S. pneumoniae 4' i
`77)jSfJ39 X
`Xfl H. influenzae O zz 7 '/ y®
`141-^11^44-9-.
`>(44lS5S:-i>44II] 2 , 3 19.44. S. pneumoniae VC% k,
`AMPC, CPDX ;fc 14 CDTR ^'1114114344 lAz.
`—4’, H. influenzae KkX k'CXI, CFIX, CDTR 3; 4
`CPDX A'1l0'i5tl[44y4 119.
`
`'fl<
`
`KPf
`
`MM
`
`Ifai
`
`ISHStSRRWaaRt
`
`ISHSBKr---------------
`
`\v.'.
`
`’USStifS!
`
`41
`
`Mi
`
`Mt
`
`S;
`
`m
`
`1
`n.
`
`K
`
`'(0:m
`
`II H.influenzae
`0 S.pneumoniae
`a cNs
`H M.catarrhalis
`S. aureus
`S.pyogenes
`1 a-streptococcus
`ji-streptococcus
`
`SAWAI EX. 1022
`Page 3 of 9
`
`

`

`302
`
`No.
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`
`5
`
`6
`7
`
`9
`
`10
`
`11
`
`12
`13
`14
`15
`
`16
`
`17
`
`18
`19
`20
`21
`22
`
`23
`
`24
`
`25
`26
`27
`28
`
`29
`
`1.08
`2.17
`0.92
`2.0
`
`2.17
`
`1.33
`0.83
`4.17
`4.17
`
`1.83
`
`2.83
`
`2.67
`1.42
`4.17
`3.92
`
`3.42
`
`1.5
`
`8.08
`4.5
`5.0
`1.83
`6.67
`
`0.67
`
`0.92
`
`1.17
`2.5
`0.67
`2.83
`
`0.67
`
`m ¥ n m
`m-¥*.
`(mg/kg/H)
`15.0
`15.0
`15.6
`15.4
`
`7
`5
`
`10.3
`
`13.6
`15.6
`
`15.2
`
`15.5
`
`12.5
`
`15.0
`14.8
`14.4
`14.8
`
`15.3
`
`10.6
`
`15.2
`15.3
`18.5
`15.7
`15.6
`
`15.0
`
`15.2
`
`15.0
`15.0
`15.3
`14.8
`
`16.3
`
`5
`
`5
`9
`5
`5
`
`6
`
`6
`
`5
`5
`
`5
`
`9
`
`4
`5
`4
`5
`6
`
`6
`
`7
`
`9
`
`7
`
`I«I * w ^
`
`* 2
`
`7 •/ y® oEgjf««
`
`**
`
`Bacillus sp.
`CNS
`S. pneumoniae
`S. pneumoniae
`S. pneumoniae
`H. influenza
`S. pneumoniae
`H. influenzae
`NT
`S. pneumoniae
`S. pneumoniae
`CNS
`S. pneumoniae
`H. influenzae
`H. influenzae
`NT
`H. influenzae
`NT
`^-streptococcus
`CNS
`
`a-streptococcus
`H. influenzae
`H. influenzae
`H. influenzae
`**
`S. pneumoniae
`S. pyogenes
`H. influenzae
`CNS
`5. pneumoniae
`H, influenzae
`S. pneumoniae
`S. pneumoniae
`S. pneumoniae
`S. pneumoniae
`S. pneumoniae
`M. catarrhalis
`
`i-)*
`(-)*
`NT
`NT
`
`CNS
`
`(-)*
`(-) *
`NT
`S. pneumoniae
`
`S. pneumoniae
`
`{-)*
`
`(-)"
`
`(-)*
`(-)*
`M. catarrhalis
`CNS
`
`(-)*
`
`(-)*
`CNS
`()*
`
`(-)*
`(-)*
`
`{-)*
`
`H. influenzae
`CNS
`CNS
`(-)*
`(-)*
`Pseudomonas sp.
`S. pneumoniae
`CNS
`
`M.I.C.
`(/^g/ml)
`
`NT
`SO. 06
`2
`0.5
`0.25
`0.5
`0.25
`4
`NT
`2
`
`0.06
`4
`0.25
`0.5
`NT
`0.25
`NT
`SO. 06
`SO. 06
`1
`NT
`1
`0.25
`1
`2
`SO. 06
`0.5
`2
`4
`4
`4
`0.06
`2
`0.25
`2
`0.13
`
`^ tt
`
`t a
`
`^ ai
`
`* a
`
`If ^
`* IS
`
`m
`
`m
`M
`
`M ‘k
`m k
`■1 k
`
`^ m
`7F M
`
`k
`m k
`^ m
`k
`71^ Ul
`
`k
`
`k
`■fi k
`« k
`k
`k
`
`k
`
`TP M
`m k
`71^ k
`S k
`■7P1 k
`
`SAWAI EX. 1022
`Page 4 of 9
`
`

`

`mmNo.
`
`s: 4- 3^
`
`(mg/kg/ a)
`
`(B)
`
`'/y®
`
`303
`
`M.I.C.
`(//g/ml)
`
`% 3® tt
`
`(-)*
`
`(-)*
`(-)*
`
`(-)*
`
`H. influenzae
`
`(-)*
`
`H. influenzae
`CNS
`(-)*
`H. influenzae
`S. pneumoniae
`(-)*
`(-)*
`(-)*
`(-)*
`(-)*
`(-)*
`(-)*
`Corynebacterium sp.
`
`0.06
`0.5
`0.5
`2
`0.25
`£64
`0.25
`0.13
`0.06
`0.5
`0.13
`NT
`0.25
`0.13
`0.5
`0.25
`SO. 03
`0.5
`2
`1
`2
`0.25
`0.5
`(-)*
`0.25
`CNS : Coagulase negative staphylococci {^T fl
`; PRSP (MIC of PCG ; 62 mlm\)
`
`m ^
`
`^ S'
`
`'fi ^
`
`ik
`
`1 ^
`
`% ^
`If
`
`# %
`
`%
`
`R 4- m
`S. pneumoniae
`H. influenzae
`H. influenzae
`CNS
`iJ. influenzae
`S. aureus
`H. infltienzae
`H. influenzae
`CNS
`H. influenzae
`M. catarrhalis
`NT
`H. influenzae
`M. catarrhalis
`H. influenzae
`S. pneumoniae
`CNS
`H. influenzae
`S. pneumoniae
`
`15.0
`
`15.4
`15.2
`
`15.0
`
`15.5
`
`14.7
`
`15.0
`
`15.0
`
`13.6
`
`14.8
`15.4
`16.0
`15.0
`15.0
`15.4
`15.0
`14.6
`
`14.3
`
`30
`
`31
`32
`
`33
`
`34
`
`35
`
`36
`
`37
`
`38
`
`39
`40
`41
`42
`43
`44
`45
`46
`
`47
`
`3.5
`
`3.75
`9.5
`
`1.0
`
`1.83
`
`3.42
`
`1.25
`
`6.33
`
`1.92
`
`6.83
`2.5
`1.92
`2.17
`4.83
`2.08
`1.5
`11.74
`
`0.25
`
`(-)* :
`
`6
`
`4
`4
`
`6
`
`6
`
`4
`
`7
`
`4
`
`5
`4
`4
`7
`6
`7
`7
`
`7
`
`H. influenzae
`S. aureus
`H. influenzae
`S. aureus
`NT : not tested
`MIC
`: PISP (MIC of PCG ; 0.13~1 /^g/ml)
`
`21
`44.7
`
`18
`38.3
`
`3
`6.4
`
`5
`10.6
`
`0
`0
`
`(%)
`
`39/47
`83.0
`
`3 0 0!'"
`
`0 f
`
`c. tflh Lfc 1
`
`4) gM
`
`IM2 4
`
`-^-7 y"y® 15. 0~15.3 mg/kg/
`
`SAWAI EX. 1022
`Page 5 of 9
`
`

`

`304
`
`[1
`
`B
`
`<12
`12~<14
`14~<16
`ai6
`
`(fi/J^-ft:)v)
`
`7-9
`
`(mg/kg/ 0)
`
`(B)
`
`(%)
`
`*4
`
`ig;^(n=3)
`
`4>^gE(n = 36)
`
`;S (n = 8)
`
`2
`3
`30
`1
`14.7+1.2
`(10.3-16.3)
`23
`13
`6.0±1.5
`(4-9)
`18
`10
`3
`5
`28/36 (77.8)
`
`0
`0
`
`0
`15.0±0.2
`(14.8-15.4)
`1
`7
`7.6±1.2
`(5-9)
`1
`7
`1
`0
`8/8 (100)
`
`=
`
`0
`0
`1
`2
`16.7±1.6
`(15.6-18.5)
`3
`0
`4.7±1.2
`(4-6)
`
`2
`1
`0
`0
`3/3 (100)
`
`«5
`
`3
`L
`(Tukey m^mm)
`
`3
`b
`(Xz^Tg, rnshtrnummmm)
`
`+%^) /m -
`
`?! ^
`11
`6
`
`52
`
`5
`1
`1
`0
`20
`19
`0
`19
`39
`
`T'*? A
`
`fly A
`
`Streptococcus pneumoniae
`(PSSP)
`(PRSP)
`Staphylococcus aureus
`CNS
`Streptococcus pyogenes
`a-streptococcus
`p-streptococcus
`
`ft
`Haemophilus influenzae
`Moraxella catarrhalis
`It
`
`it
`
`No.
`17
`( 6)
`(11)
`3
`7
`1
`1
`1
`30
`23
`3
`26
`56
`A-
`a
`mm(%) =
`X100
`PSSP; PCG: S0.06/ig/ml, PRSP (PISP +PRSP); PCG : SO. 13/<g/ml
`
`7f s
`3
`
`TP BJ
`3
`
`3
`
`1
`
`4
`4
`3
`7
`11
`
`3
`
`3
`
`1
`4
`
`11/14 (78.6)
`6/6 (100)
`5/8 (62.5)
`3/3 (100)
`6/7 (85.7)
`1/1 (100)
`1/1 (100)
`1/1 (100)
`23/27 (85.2)
`19/23 (82.6)
`0/3 (0)
`19/26 (73.1)
`42/53 (79.2)
`
`1
`1
`
`1
`3
`
`3
`
`29
`14
`
`43
`
`12
`7
`
`19
`
`^ It
`
`tr
`14
`2
`
`16
`
`1
`2
`
`3
`
`2
`3
`
`5
`
`26/29 (89.7)
`9/14 (64.3)
`35/43 (81.4)
`
`SAWAI EX. 1022
`Page 6 of 9
`
`

`

`100-1
`
`80-
`
`H "°“
`
`(%)
`
`40-
`
`20-
`
`0
`
`• CFDN
`O CFIX
`■ CPDX
`D CDTR
`A CCL
`A AMPC
`
`100
`
`80
`
`m 60
`s
`
`{%)
`
`40
`
`20
`
`^0.06 0,13
`3
`
`3
`
`3
`4
`
`9
`
`0.25
`5
`2
`7
`8
`
`2
`
`0.5
`1
`1
`2
`6
`3
`4
`
`1
`1
`2
`6
`
`2
`7
`2
`3
`
`4
`3
`6
`
`5
`6
`MIC : B.'PU'jfUT.m
`
`0 2 S. pneumoniae
`
`305
`
`CFDN
`CFIX
`CPDX
`HD- CDTR
`-A- CCL
`AMPC
`
`1
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`2
`8
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`1
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`7
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`32
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`CFDN
`CFIX
`CPDX
`-o- CDTR
`-A- CCL
`AMPC
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`• CFDN
`O CFIX
`■ CPDX
`□ CDTR
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`A AMPC
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`S. pneumoniae t H.
`tc.
`S. pneumoniae <D PSSP
`influenzae-r:,
`©'/|^$ltl00%(6/6 m 7 fz(r>Kn L. PRSP ©
`
`lltto 5 -h,
`%(5/8 W) 'C'i) fc-
`82. Q%(19/23 m)
`moniae ia H. influenzae
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`5
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`H. influenzae
`ofc. -fe 7 y" v® co S. pneu­
`
`SAWAI EX. 1022
`Page 7 of 9
`
`

`

`306
`
`No.
`
`27
`
`29
`
`35
`
`N ^ ffl S
`
`*7 m
`
`f'F
`
`1®2 *1!
`
`8 *j!
`
`(mg/kg/0)
`
`15.0
`
`15.3
`
`15.0
`
`stt mmm
`T#i]
`
`i'?
`
`^ma
`m4-'m
`
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`yf m
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`u
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`Tc L isitgtt • ±
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`(3 0 0)
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`.g©TffiJ
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`4-L,
`Mg/ml
`
`5 0 fal-fe 7 '/ y® CD 600 mg/ 0
`
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`
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`a
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`O
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`64. 7%(11/17) ft', ft cDa#(ft:^H©23ftif^il^ft'*M
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`
`L:*' L/ft;()'b, S. pneumoniae (ftrfJift®^
`®ft'*bisftftfto'bft 5m
`
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`prsp©»
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`<p-y y yi
`^ i I,^ 5 b#A b b,
`-fey ///A*©@tjl(ftPBPl k PBP2(:i[^B#(c.|S'&'tb
`Yokota
`
`b'® X If Matsumoto (t, PRSP (C 5!^ L AMPC
`t CFIX
`in vitro MIC
`%, in vivo
`'ft %0'
`ffl- i ^
`8l6^>!:|iEg)5 Lftl'S. A lb I-, PRSF t H. influenzae
`ab b V'(t M. catarrhalis t Ofi-p
`Lft %
`
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`-i2'^^iJo M. catarrhalis fo X Xf XL influenzae (c
`^ -7
`M L AMPC
`CFDN i Oi' CFIX (t
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`O ft:
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`It
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`©,
`ft;®tJft'(ft ft ft p' y^© ciprofloxacin (CPFX) ft; ft Tft'
`levofloxacin (LVFX) (ft CFDN t (3;(S*|1^#ft'afc 0, -^ ft
`p 9 t K ^ © roxithromycin (RXM) ft? ft Xf erythro­
`mycin (EM) (ft CFDN ft
`y-</KJ:abb. $b(-,
`iftLb©^^J(ftV''fti4> ;S-9 ft ft A
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`y^a^ft p y^(cl04©tt:i'itJn
`
`±fB
`bffi*^ijS:©»3#
`
`SAWAI EX. 1022
`Page 8 of 9
`
`

`

`'/V®
`
`307
`
`59, 1996.
`
`fr-g*.
`
`as. |E1|«0 I®, ftli : CFDN®|Sg|^S
`12 : 98-101, 1994.
`
`10) *ni m, mmmu, m ■.
`
`• wmm^^
`
`12:1207-1220,
`
`m ■■ <ow,w.^mm
`-7 -f 7 7 7 —^ ® 1
`44 :
`
`:'<-■7 0 7i|fttIi1i))^3^S
`55 : 1213-1218,
`
`i±<om'-\kt^'ikm^-
`1996.
`12) s» m.
`
`12-26, 1995.
`:if m.
`
`13)
`
`14)
`
`19944FK4>*7-7
`595-609, 1996.
`4fe7jl2:-T- : '<-■7 0 '7ifttli|jil^]$»('<-'7y
`7ifttiiii)j3tBP^^ii). 69-98H, msiifeiaafi, ^
`M, 1997.
`15) 4774^:^, li,
`fc4oH-?=lftt'fb©7 * - Xa.
`1997.
`16) Yokota Y, Teratani N, Ikemoto A, et al : Antibacterial
`activity of cefixime in combination ■with other an­
`timicrobial agents against penicillin G resistant Strep­
`tococcus pneumoniae. J Drug Dev Suppl 1 : 5—9, 1993.
`17) Matsumoto Y, Wakai Y, Tawara S, et al : Effectiveness of
`cefixime in combination with amoxicillin against respira­
`tory pathogens including penicillin-resistant S pneumoniae.
`2nd Europian Congres of Chemotherapy Industry Sympo­
`sium “Empiric Oral Therapy for Today’s Community-ac­
`quired Infections” May 12, 1998 (Germany).
`A-ffi m, wmmu ■
`
`14 : 84-98, 1996.
`
`iWM'&ii : TOIO^F 8)420 0
`: ^saiO^lOJ! 14 0
`
`^0»-c't?)^®i LX(D,mmox^fs:m-mmm
`
`t t
`
`%?j)^tt83.0%-?:', lffl®^lKl'i1^^¥ti79.2%'Gh->fc.
`influenzae, S. pneumoniae
`-y'l^tt 7" K >7 3tM (CNS) Tj',
`ix41.1%, 30.4%*5j;tF12.5%-C'*^7c. ChhomK
`influenzae L82. 6%(19/23 ^J),
`S. pneumoniae ('Ji?4' L78. Q% (11/14 ip\\)~G'k> yfc. —iff,
`2>i®**S&¥089.7% (26/29 Wit
`3%(9/i4 w
`3 i5ij(6 %)icii;*hMcp^,
`/cfc, mmm t
`1 i^ijittfit^s 0 gicmffiL,
`9e L/c.
`
`^1'—. Jap J An-
`-t> — yp
`tibiotics 45 : 909—925, 1992.
`2) m m^A, iWflJM, S* 1f. ftfi : ffLt'fen-trX 7 p
`7,-F 0 7^J, Cefdinir O in vitro iaEfFlfi-
`37 ;
`100—121, 1989.
`
`3)
`
`?> cefdinir (CFDN : -te 7 ■/7®) <D
`7X7T T 770jt|/^
`50 : 1039-1050, 1997.
`
`ft.
`
`Ctt-t?. X 7 ■/ 7®
`*7 'xXvt T77®^|t.
`1997.
`
`i CFIg
`50 : 1023-1037,
`
`fc-th 2. Cefdinir (CFDN, -ir 7 '/ 7®) SalS®i. rP
`yy-y-ir 77.
`51 : 853-864, 1998.
`6 ) Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for
`bacteria that grow aerobically 3rd ed ; approved standard :
`M-7-A-3, NCCLS, 1995.
`7) .nw^iir.
`
`ftt:
`
`SAWAI EX. 1022
`Page 9 of 9
`
`