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`Unified Patents
`Exhibit 1013
`Page 1 of 5
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`Microsoft
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`_ pute
`Iona y
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`Fifth Edition
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`Unified Patents
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`Exhibit 1013
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`Page 2 of 5
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`Unified Patents
`Exhibit 1013
`Page 2 of 5
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`PUBLISHED BY
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`.
`Microsoft Press
`A Division of Microsoft Corporation
`One Microsoft Way
`Redmond, Washington 98052—6399
`
`Copyright © 2002 by Microsoft Corporation
`
`All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
`or by any means Without the written permission of the publisher.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in—Publication Data
`Microsoft Computer Dictionary.--5th ed.
`p.
`; cm.
`ISBN 0-7356—1495—4
`
`1. Computers——Dictionaries.
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`2. Microcomputers--Dictionaries.
`
`AQ76.5. M52267
`004‘.03—-dc2l
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`2002
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`200219714
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`Printed and bound in the United States of America.
`
`123456789 QWT 765432
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`Distributed in Canada by Penguin Books Canada Limited.
`
`A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
`
`Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. For further informa—
`tion about international editions, contact your local Microsoft Corporation office or contact Microsoft
`Press International directly at fax (425) 936—7329. Visit our Web site at www.microsoft.corn/mspress.
`Send comments to mspinput@micr0s0fi.com.
`
`Active Desktop, Active Directory, ActiveMOVie, ActiveStore, ActiveSync, ActiveX, Authenticode,
`BackOffice, BizTalk, ClearType, Direct3D, DirectAnimation, DirectDraw, DirectInput, DirectMusic,
`DirectPlay, DirectShow, DirectSound, DirectX, Entourage, FoxPro, FrontPage, Hotmail, IntelliEye,
`IntelliMouse, IntelliSense, JScript, MapPoint, Microsoft, Microsoft Press, Mobile Explorer, MS—DOS,
`MSN, Music Central, NetMeeting, Outlook, PhotoDraw, PowerPoint, SharePoint, UltimateTV, Visio,
`Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual FoxPro, Visual InterDeV, Visual J++, Visual SourceSafe, Visual Studio,
`Win32, Win323, Windows, Windows Media, Windows NT, Xbox are either registered trademarks or
`trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Other product and
`company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
`
`The example companies, organizations, products, domain names, e—mail addresses, logos, people, places,
`and events depicted herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product,
`domain name, e—mail address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Alex Blanton
`
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`Project *lditor: Sandra Haynes
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`Body Part No. X08—41929
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`Unified Patents
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`Exhibit 101 3
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`Page 3 of 5
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`Unified Patents
`Exhibit 1013
`Page 3 of 5
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`_i_.Godwin’s Law
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`_ GPS
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`see and access all shared files of other Gnutella users.
`Unlike Napster, Gnutella does not require a central server,
`and any file type can be exchanged. Gnutella was origi—
`nally developed by researchers at America Online’s
`Nullsoft group but the original implementation of the pro—
`tocol was never publicly released. An open—source Gnu—
`tella preview appeared that resulted in a number of
`variations becoming available. See also Napster.
`
`Godwin's Law n. As originally proposed by Internet
`activist Michael GOdwin, the theory that as an online dis—
`cussion grows longer, a comparison involving Nazis or
`Hitler will inevitably be made. When a participant in an
`online discussion resorts to invoking such a comparison,
`other participants might cite Godwin’s Law to indicate
`both that the person has lost theargument and that the dis—
`cussion has continued too long.
`
`Good Times Virus n. A purported e—mail virus alluded to
`in a warning that has been propagated widely across the
`Internet, as well as by fax and standard mail. The letter
`claims that reading an e—mail message with the subject
`“Good Times” will cause damage to the user’s system. In
`fact, it is currently impossible to harm a system by reading
`an e—mail message, although it is possible to include a
`virus in a file that is attached to an e—mail message. Some
`consider the chain letter itself to be the “virus” that wastes
`Internet bandwidth and the reader’s time. Information on
`such hoaxes and on real Viruses can be obtained from
`CERT (http://www.cert.org/). See also urban legend, virus.
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`Gopher or gopher n. An Internet utility for finding tex—
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`tual information and presenting it to the user in the form of
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`hierarchical menus, from which the user selects submenus
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`‘. or files that can be downloaded and displayed One
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`: Gopher client may access all available Gopher servers, so
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`~’- the user accesses a common “Gopherspace.” The name of
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`the program is a three—way pun: it is designed to go for
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`desired information; it tunnels through the Internet and
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`digs the information up; and it was developed at the Uni—
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`versity of Minnesota, whose athletic teams are named the
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`Golden Gophers. Gopher is being subsumed by the World
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`Wide Web.
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`Gopher server n. The software that provides menus and
`files to a Gopher user. See also Gopher.
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`Exhibit 1011?"
`Page 4 of 5
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`Gopherspace n. The total set of information on the Inter-
`net that is accessible as menus and documents through
`Gopher. See also Gopher.
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`GOSIP n. Acronym for Government Open Systems Inter—
`connection Profile. A U.S. government requirement that
`all of its new network purchases comply with the 180/051
`standards. GOSIP went into effect on August 15, 1990,
`but was never fully implemented and was replaced by
`POSIT.
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`GOTO statement n. A control statement used in pro—
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`grams to transfer execution to some other statement; the
`high—level equivalent of a branch or jump instruction. Use
`of GOTO statements is generally discouraged because
`they make it difficult not only for a programmer to trace
`the logic of a program but also for a compiler to generate
`optimized code. See also branch instruction, jump instruc—
`tion, spaghetti code.
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`.gov n. In the Intemet’s Domain Name System, the top—
`level domain that identifies addresses operated by govern—
`ment agencies. The domain name . gov appears as a suffix
`at the end of the address. In the United States, only non—
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`military federal government agencies may use the . gov
`domain. State governments in the United States use the
`top—level domain of .state.us, with .us preceded by the
`two—letter abbreviation for the state, or just .us; other
`regional governments in the United States are registered
`under the .us domain. See also DNS (definition 1), domain
`(definition 3), .state.us, .us. Compare .com,
`.edu, .mil,
`.net,
`.Org.
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`Government Open Systems Interconnection
`Profile 11. See GOSIP.
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`GPF n. See General Protection Fault.
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`GPIB n. See General—Purpose Interface Bus;
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`GPL, n. See General Public License.
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`GPRS n. Acronym for General Packet Radio Service. A
`third—generation enhancement to the Global System for
`Mobile Communications (GSM), which supports non—
`voice applications such as Web browsing and other servic—
`ing requiring transfer of data packets without limits in
`message size. Systems using the service can be immedi—
`ately connected when needed and therefore seem to the
`users to be always on. See also GSM, TDMA.
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`GPS 11. Acronym for Global Positioning System. A radio
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`navigation system developed by the U.S. Department of
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`Unified Patents
`Exhibit 1013
`Page 4 of 5
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`

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`-‘ GPS receiver
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`Defense that uses a constellation of 24 earth satellites,
`which are monitored by ground—based control stations, to
`provide precise, continuous worldwide positioning and
`timing information. GPS offers two services: a public
`Standard Positioning Service that provides positioning
`data accurate to within 100 meters horizontally and 156
`meters vertically and time accurate to within 340 nanosec-
`onds; and a Precise Positioning Service, principally for
`government and military use, with positioning data accu—
`rate to within 22 meters horizontally and 27.7 meters ver—
`tically and time accurate to within 100 nanoseconds. See
`also GPS receiver.
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`GPS receiver 11. A device that includes an antenna, a
`radio receiver, and a processor for use with the worldwide
`GPS (Global Positioning System). A GPS receiver uses
`position and time information from four GPS satellites to
`calculate precise information about its current location, its
`speed of travel, and the current time. A portable GPS
`receiver may be a stand—alone device or a plug—in unit for
`use with a portable computer. GPS receivers are used for
`scientific work, such as surveying, mapping, and studies
`of volcanoes. as well as for land, sea, and air navigation.
`On the consumer front, they are used in outdoor activities
`such as hiking and sailing and in cars to provide location,
`destination, and traffic information. See also GPS.
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`grabber n. 1. A device for capturing graphical image data
`from a video camera or another full-motion video source
`and putting it into memory. Also called: frame grabber,
`video digitizer. 2. Any device for capturing data.
`3. Software that takes a snapshot of the currently dis—
`played screen image by transferring a portion of video
`memory to a file on disk. 4. In some graphics—based appli—
`cations, a special type of mouse pointer.
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`graceful exit 11. The methodical termination of a process,
`even under error conditions, that allows the operating sys—
`tem or parent process to regain normal control, leaving the
`system in a state of equilibrium. This is expected behavior.
`See also fail—soft system.
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`grade n. In communications, the range of frequencies
`available for transmission on a single channel. For exam—
`ple, voice—grade telephone frequencies range from about
`300 hertz (Hz) through 3400 Hz.
`grade of service n. The probability that a user of a shared
`communications network, such as a public telephone sys—
`tem, will receive an “all channels busy” signal. The grade
`of service is used as a measure of the traffic—handling abil—
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`ity of the network and is usually applied to a specific
`period, such as the peak traffic hour. A grade of service of
`graph 155v
`0.002, for example, assumes that a user has a 99.8 percent
`Wlth lt'
`(
`chance that a call made during the specified period Will
`Graphic?
`reach its intended destination.
`graphici
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`graph
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`Graphic
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`Graphim
`dard, feet
`of descri‘
`graphica
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`gradient 11. A smooth progression of colors and Shades,
`usually from one color to another color, or from one Shade
`to another shade of the same color.
`Graffiti n. A software application developed by Palm to
`allow handwriting recognition on personal digital assis~
`tants (PDAs). Graffiti contains preprogrammed shapes for
`each letter, which users of the application must match as
`closely as possible when writing. Text is written directly
`onto the PDA’s display screen using a stylus. The Graffiti
`application then passes the translated letter to the PDA’S
`application.
`grafPort n. A structure used on the Apple MacintoSh to
`define a graphics environment with its own pen size, font,
`fill patterns, and so on. Each window has a grafPort, and
`grafPorts can be used to send graphics to off—screen Win-
`dows or files,
`.
`.
`_
`graftal n. One of a farmly of geometric forms, s1milar to
`fractals but easier to compute. Graftals are often used in
`the special—effects industry to create synthetic images of
`structures such as trees and plants. See also fractal.
`grammar checker n. A software accessory that checks
`text for errors in grammatical construction.
`Grammar Specification Language n. See GSL.
`grandfather n. See generation (definition 1).
`grandfather/father/son adj. See generation (defini—
`tion 1).
`grandparent n. See generation (definition 2).
`granularity n. A description, from “coarse” to “fine,” of a
`computer activity or feature (such as screen resolution,
`searching and sorting, or time slice allocation) in terms of
`the size of the units it handles (pixels, sets of data, or time
`slices). The larger the pieces, the coarser the granularity.
`graph n. 1. In programming, a data structure consisting of
`zero or more nodes and zero or more edges, which connect
`pairs of nodes. If any two nodes in a graph can be con—
`nected by a path along edges, the graph is said to be con—
`nected. A subgraph is a subset of the nodes and edges
`within a graph. A graph is directed (a digraph) if each
`edge links two nodes together only in one direction. A
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`Unified Patents
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`Exhibit 1013
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`Page 5 0f 5
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`Unified Patents
`Exhibit 1013
`Page 5 of 5
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