v ihe most comprehensive computino dictionary ever published
`
`v More than 10,000 entries
`
`
`
`

`

`IBM DICTIONARY
`OF COMPUTING
`
`Compiled and edited by
`GEORGE McDANIEL
`
`McGRAW-HILL, INC.
`New York San Francisco Washington, D.C. Auckland Bogota
`Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan
`Montreal New Delhi San Juan Singapore
`Sydney Tokyo Toronto
`
`

`

`Limitation of Liability
`While the Editor and Publisher of this book have made reasonable efforts to
`ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the information contained herein, nei(cid:173)
`ther the Editor nor the Publisher shall have any liability with respect to loss or
`damage caused or alleged to be caused by reliance on any information con(cid:173)
`tained herein.
`
`Copyright© 1994 by International Business Machines Corporation. All rights
`reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under
`the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be
`reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a data
`base or retrieval system, without the prior written permisssion of the pub(cid:173)
`lisher.
`
`1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 DOC/DOC 9 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
`
`ISBN 0-07-031488-8 (HC)
`ISBN 0-07-031489-6 (PBK)
`
`The sponsoring editor for this book was Daniel A. Gonneau and the
`production supervisor was Thomas G. Kowalczyk.
`
`Printed and bound by R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company.
`
`Tenth Edition (August 1993)
`This is a major revision of the IBM Dictionary of Computing, SC20-1699-8,
`which is made obsolete by this edition. Changes are made periodically to the
`information provided herein.
`It is possible that this material may contain reference to, or information about,
`IBM products (machines and programs), programming, or services that are
`not announced in your country. Such references or information must not be
`construed to mean that IBM intends to announce such IBM products, pro(cid:173)
`gramming, or services in your country. Comments may be addressed to IBM
`Corporation, Department E37/656, P. 0. Box 12195, Research Triangle Park,
`NC27709.
`
`International Edition
`Copyright© 1994 by International Business Machines Corporation. Exclusive
`rights by McGraw-Hill, Inc. for manufacture and export. This book cannot be
`re-exported from the country to which it is consigned by McGraw-Hill. The
`International Edition is not available in North America.
`When ordering this title, use ISBN 0-07-113383-6.
`
`This book is printed on acid-free paper.
`
`

`

`bibliography
`
`[62]
`
`binary code
`
`bibliography A list of documents referred to within a
`document. For each document, the following is gener(cid:173)
`ally listed:
`the author, the document, notes about the
`document, and sometimes notes about its author.
`
`bilateral closed user group with outgoing access In
`data communication, two users in a bilateral closed
`user group who can access users outside the closed
`group, where appropriate.
`
`BICARSA Billing, inventory control, accounts receiv(cid:173)
`able, sales analysis.
`
`BID (1 ) In SNA, a data flow control command that is
`(2) A
`used to request permission to start a bracket.
`BSC protocol exchange in preparation for the transmit(cid:173)
`ting and also the receiving data. The transmitting
`station transmits an ENQ character, and the receiving
`station acknowledges the receipt of the ENQ character
`by sending an ACKO control character.
`
`bid In the contention form of invitation or selection,
`an attempt by the computer or by a station to gain
`control of a line in order to transmit data.
`
`bidder Synonym for bidder session.
`
`bidder session The half-session defined at session
`activation as having to request and receive permission
`from the other half-session to begin a bracket. Con(cid:173)
`trast with first-speaker session. See contention-loser
`session. Synonymous with bidder.
`
`BIDI Bidirectional bus.
`
`bidirectional bus (BIDI) A bus on which data can be
`sent in either direction.
`
`bidirectional flow Flow in either direction repres(cid:173)
`(A)
`ented on the same flowline in a flowchart. (I)
`
`bidirectional language The ability to write and read a
`language in two directions, such as from left to right
`and from right to left.
`
`bidirectional port See shared port.
`
`bidirectional printer A printer that can print left to
`right and right to left. Synonymous with reverse
`printer. (T)
`(A)
`
`bilevel Having black or white pels. See pel.
`
`bilevel image An image in which the pels are either
`black or white. Contrast with gray image.
`
`In the NetView program, a
`bilingual command list
`command list written in a combination of REXX and
`the NetView command list language.
`
`bin In AFP support, the standard-size paper source on
`the IBM 3820.
`
`binary (1) Pertaining to a selection, choice, or condi(cid:173)
`tion
`that has
`two possible different values or
`states. (I)
`(A)
`(2) Pertaining
`to a fixed
`radix
`numeration system having a radix of 2. (I)
`(A)
`(3) Pertaining to a system of numbers to the base two;
`(4) In the AIX
`the binary digits are 0 and 1. (A)
`object data manager, a terminal descriptor type used to
`define a variable as a bit string that is not null(cid:173)
`terminated. See also terminal descriptor. (5) In SQL,
`a data type indicating that the data is a binary number
`with a precision of 15 (halfword) or 31 (fullword) bits.
`(6) See Chinese binary, column binary, row binary.
`
`binary arithmetic operation (1) An arithmetic. oper(cid:173)
`ation in which the operands and the result are repres(cid:173)
`ented
`in
`the
`pure
`binary
`numeration
`system. (I)
`(A)
`(2) Synonym for dyadic operation.
`
`binary Boolean operation Deprecated
`dyadic Boolean operation.
`
`term
`
`for
`
`binary card A card containing data in column binary
`or row binary form. (A)
`
`binary cell (1 ) A storage cell that can hold one
`binary character. (I)
`(A)
`(2) A storage cell of one
`binary digit capacity;
`for example, a single-bit reg(cid:173)
`ister. (A)
`
`bidirectional transmission A transilllss1on that may
`in
`either direction along a
`transmission
`occur
`medium. (T)
`
`binary character Either of the characters of a binary
`character set;
`for example, T (true) or F (false), Y
`(yes) or N (no). (T)
`
`bilateral closed user group (BCUG) (1 ) In data
`communication, two users who have bilaterally agreed
`to communicate with each other, but not with other
`users. See also closed user group. (2) In X.25 com(cid:173)
`munications, an optional facility that allows calls to be
`made only between two designated DTEs. Each user
`can belong to more than one bilateral closed user
`group and to more than one closed user group by
`means of outgoing access.
`
`binary character set A character set that consists of
`two characters. (T)
`
`binary code (1) A code whose application results in
`a code element set whose elements are formed from a
`binary character set. (T)
`(2) A code that makes use
`of exactly
`two distinct characters, usually 0 and
`1. (A)
`(3) See also gray code.
`
`bin
`
`bin:
`acte
`exte
`
`him
`codt
`
`him
`cod<
`deci
`
`bin~
`COdf
`repn
`bina
`4, 2
`OOH
`pure
`mou
`decii
`
`bina
`binai
`
`bina
`each
`
`bina
`form
`
`bina
`more
`
`binai
`
`binai
`symb
`
`binai
`aSSfilJ
`whicl
`digit,
`the St
`
`bina1
`binar:
`
`bina1
`expor
`
`binar
`of the
`256 p
`
`binar
`binaf)
`with c
`
`binar
`of a;
`
`