8/29/2016
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`Fact Sheet
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`Protein Data Bank -Chronology
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`Timeline for Structural Biology and the Protein Data Bank
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`Myoglobin, the first protein structure to be determined at high resolution.
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`Credit and Laraer Version (!news/news imaqes.jsp?cntn id=100689&orq=NSF)
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`January 21, 2004
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`1913
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`X·ray diffraction: Max von Laue, William Henry Bragg, and William
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`Lawrence Bragg discover that crystals diffract X-rays, producing an orderly
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`pattern that can be used to deduce the location of every atom in the crystal.
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`1957
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`1967
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`Protein Data Bank- CITcnology I NSF - National Science Foondation
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`Muscle's myoglobin, the first protein structure revealed: After 22 years
`of work, John Kendrew of the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge (UK)
`uses X-ray diffraction to determine the 3-dimensional structure of
`myoglobin, the first protein to have its structure determined. Kendrew and
`Max Perutz received the 1962 Nobel Prize for their work on protein structure
`determination. During the next decade. fewer than a dozen structures of
`proteins would be determined.
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`First American groups to solve a protein structure: Two teams
`announce the structure of a ribonuclease: One was from the Roswell Park
`Memorial Institute (now the Roswell Park Cancer Institute) (See G. Kartha,
`J. Bello, and D. Harker. "Tertiary structure of ribonuclease." Nature (1967)
`213 ,862-65.) The other was from Yale University. (See H. W. Wyckoff, K. D.
`Hardman, N. M. Allewell, T. lnagami, D. Tsernoglou, L. N. Johnson, and F.
`M. Richards, "The structure of ribonuclease-S at 6 A resolution" J. Biol.
`Chem. (1967), 242, 3749-3753.)
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`Summer.
`1971
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`Idea hatches for repository: At a Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on
`"Structure and Function of Proteins at the Three-Dimensional Level,"
`participants propose the development of a dual repository in the United
`Kingdom and U.S. for macromolecular structure information. Walter
`Hamilton of the Department of Energy volunteers to set up the U.S.
`component at Brookhaven National Laboratory
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`Oct. 1971
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`Protein Data Bank established: The establishment of the Protein Data
`Bank at Brookhaven is announced in Nature New Biology (see
`"Crystallography, Protein Data Bank [Announcement]", Nature New Biology
`233, 223). The new repository contains fewer than a dozen structures.
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`1975
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`1975
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`1980
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`1989
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`NSF begins support: Thomas Koetzle, who assumed responsibility for the
`Protein Data Bank after Walter Hamilton's untimely death, submits an
`unsolicited proposal to NSF. The first NSF award in support of the Protein
`Data Bank is made on November 1, 1975 (NSF-7518956).
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`Deposits: 18 structures are deposited in the Protein Data Bank in 1975.
`yielding a total of 37depositions since its founding in 1971.
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`Deposits: 19 structures are deposited in 1980, bringing the total to 184
`depositions since the founding of Protein Data Bank.
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`Protein Data Bank partnership grows: The Protein Data Bank becomes a
`broad, interagency endeavor when the Department of Energy (DOE) and
`components of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) join NSF in providing
`direct support for Protein Data Bank activities.
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`1990
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`Deposits: 236 structures are deposited in Protein Data Bank in 1990, with a
`total of 951 depositions since its founding.
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`1994
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`lnteragency support grows: Memorandum of Understanding signed by
`NSF, DOE, the National Library of Medicine, and the National Institute of
`General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) forms an interagency partnership for
`support of the Protein Data Bank.
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`1995
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`1998
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`2000
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`2000
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`Renewed support for Protein Data Bank: Open competition results in
`award to Joel Sussman of the Brookhaven National Laboratory for
`continued support of the Protein Data Bank (DBI - 9510694 ).
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`RCSB given reins: Open competition (NSF 98-66) results in award (DBl-
`9814284) to the Research Collaboratory for Structural Biology {RCSB),
`which consists of groups led by Helen Berman (principal investigator) and
`John Westbrook of Rutgers University, Peter Arzberger and Phillip Bourne
`of the San Diego Supercomputer Center at the University of California at
`San Diego (SDSC/UCSD), and Gary Gilliland of the National Institute of
`Standards and Technology (NIST).
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`Deposits: 2,937 structures are deposited in Protein Data Bank in 2000, with
`a total of 15,832 depositions since its founding.
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`MOM's poster proteins: The Molecule of the Month, authored by David
`Goodsell of The Scripps Research Institute, begins its profiles of key and
`interesting biomolecular structures with myoglobin. Subsequent honorees
`include DNA, RNA, ribosomes, and anthrax toxin.
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`Aug. 2003 Agencies double: A new Memorandum of Understanding creates a broad
`coalition of eight federal agencies in support of the Protein Data Bank: NSF,
`DOE, NLM, NIGMS, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Center for
`Research Resources (NCRR), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and
`Bioengineering (NIBIB), and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders
`and Stroke (NINOS).
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`Dec. 2003 Global collaboration: The Protein Data Bank achieves formal, international
`status as an agreement for international management of the Protein Data
`Bank archives is announced in Nature Structural Biology. Signatories are
`the RCSB, the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) and the Institute for
`Protein Research at Osaka University. The partners are to serve as
`custodians of the wor1dwide Protein Data Bank, "with the goal of maintaining
`a single archive of macromolecular structural data that is freely and publicly
`available to the global community."
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`2003
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`Deposits: While the first protein structure took 22 years to solve, structures
`now come into Protein Data Bank at an average rate of more than 1 O per
`day: more than 4,600 new deposits of molecular structures were made in
`2003, bringing the total of accessible structures to near1y 24,000.
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`2004
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`New era launched: With funding from eight federal agencies, the new tive­
`year, $30 million management period begins with the RCSB.
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`8/29/2016
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`Protein Data Bank- C!Yonology I NSF - National Science Foundation
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