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`not extend beyond the expiration date
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`Date Paid ;
`
`0 c) The temiinal __ -'months of
`this patent have been disclaimed.-
`
`WARNING:
`The information dls9losed herein may be restricted. Unauthorized disclosure may be prohibited by the United States Code Tiiie 35; Sections 122, 181 and 368.
`Possession outside the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office Is restricted to authorized employees and contractors only.
`
`Form PT0-436A
`(Rev. 6/98)
`
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`(LABEL AREA)
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`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 1 of 128
`
`

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`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 4 of 128
`
`

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`PATENT APPLICATIG>N SERJA+, NO . - - - - - - - -
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`U.S. DEPAR~ OF COMMERCE
`.
`PATENt~AND1 TRADEMARK OFFICE
`FEE ·:REc~RD- SHEET
`
`\
`
`18'1.ft7il·
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`·-(-5/-87_) ___ __ _____ ___!..:.___;..--: .___________ _ __
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`
`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 5 of 128
`
`

`

`.: . '
`
`SERIAL NUMBER
`
`_ FILING DATE
`
`09/181,738
`
`10/28/1998
`
`377
`
`Printed 10/28/2000
`
`l GROUP ART UNIT
`
`2816
`
`ATTORNEY DOCKET NO
`
`EPIXINC-4
`
`APPLICANT
`NATHAN PYLES, LAKE MILLS, WISCONSIN; JOEL- M MACHT, REECEVILL~!
`WISCONSIN; CHEN-SHUI JUNG, TAIPEI, TAIWAN.
`-
`
`.~- ...
`
`**CONTINUING DOMESTIC DATA***********************
`VERIFIED
`
`**371 (NAT'L STAGE)
`VERIFIED
`
`DATA*********************
`
`I ·- -
`
`**FOREIGN APPLICATIONS********** ** ***********
`VERIFIED
`
`\
`
`FOREIGN FILING LICENSE GRANTED 11/13/1998
`
`SMALL ENTITY
`
`--
`
`··-
`
`' ..
`
`) 1.I
`
`,
`
`\.
`
`0 yes 0 no
`Foreign priority claimed
`35 USC 119 (a-d) conditions met 0 yes 0 no 0 Met after Allowance
`
`Verified and acknowledged .
`
`Examiner's Name
`
`Initials
`
`_.
`
`ADDRESS
`LATHROP & CLARK LLP
`740 REGENT STREET SUITE 400
`P.O. BOX 1507
`·
`MADISON
`, WI . 53701-1507
`
`SlfATE OR
`COUNTRY
`
`SHEETS
`DRAWINGS
`
`~· ~
`
`TOTAL
`CLAIMS.
`
`INDEPENDENT
`CLAIMS
`
`45
`
`5
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`___ j
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`1~~TER
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`FILING FEE
`RECEIVED
`
`$*1569
`
`FEES: Authority has been given in Paper
`No.
`to charge/credit DEPOSIT ACCOUNT
`'NO.
`for the following:
`-
`
`2 of2
`
`,,
`
`0 All Fees
`0 1.16 Fees (Filing)
`0 1.17 Fees (Processing Ext. of Time)
`0 1.18 Fees (Issue)
`OOther ___ _
`0 Credit
`
`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 6 of 128
`
`

`

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`PTO/SB/OS (12/97)
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`\pproved for use through 09/30/00. OMB 065 l-0032fr
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`.
`Patent and <.
`"
`Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of i9;s, no persons are required to respond to a collection ofinf~ation unless it displays a valid OMB control number
`UTILITY
`AttomeyDocketNo. EPIXINC-
`TotalPages
`g i
`4
`PATENT APPLICATION
`· -
`First Named Inventor or Application Identifiar·· .' -
`TRANSJvlITT AL
`,.
`Nathan Pyles
`(Only for new nonprovisional applications under 37 CFR l.S3(b)) Express Mail Label No.
`APPLICATION ELEMENTS
`
`--- -1\
`
`EM164411845US
`
`ADDRESS TO:
`
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`
`I
`
`'
`
`\
`
`6.
`
`] 7.
`1
`
`See MPEP cha ter 600 concerning utili
`1. X
`Fee Transmittal Form
`
`atent ap lication contents.
`
`(mbnllt on original, oru! a dupli"te fm re. 1'1ng)
`
`2.
`
`X
`
`[Total Pages 19
`Specification
`(preferred arrangement set forth below)
`- Descriptive title of the Invention
`- Cross References to Related Applications
`- Statement Regarding Fed sponsored R&D
`- Reference to Microfiche Appendix
`- Background of the Invention
`- Brief Summary of the Invention
`- BriefDescription of the Drawings (if filed)
`- Detailed Description
`- Claim(s)
`-Abstract of the Disclosure
`3. ~ Drawing(s) (356 USC 113)
`4. Oath or Declaration
`
`8.
`
`9.
`[Total Sheets Q::J ] 10.
`[Total Pages L__j ] 11.
`
`Assistant Commissioner for
`Box Patent Application
`Washin n, DC 20231
`Microfiche Computer Program (Appendix)
`
`Nucleotide and/or Amino Acid Sequence Submission
`(if a plicable, all necessary)
`a.
`Computer Readable Copy
`
`Paper Copy (identical to computer copy)
`
`c.
`
`Statement verifying identity of above copies
`
`ACCOMPANYING APPLICATION PARTS
`
`Assignment Papers (cover sheet & document(s))
`
`37 CFR 3.73(b) Statement D Power of
`
`Attorney .
`(when there is an assignee)
`English Translation Document[]' f applicable)
`Copies of IDS
`Information Disclosure
`Statement (IDS)/PT0-1449
`Citations
`Preliminary Amendment
`Return Receipt Postcard (MPEP 503) (
`(Should be specifirly rmized)
`Statement filed in prior
`application, Status still
`proper and desired
`
`Statement(s)
`
`a. DNewly executed (original or copy)
`b.
`Copy from a prior application (37 CFR 1.63(d))
`(for continuation/divisional with Box 17 completed)
`[Note Box 5 below]
`
`12.
`13. X
`
`14. D Small Entity
`15. D Certified Copy of Priority Document(s)
`16. D Other: - - - - - - - - - - - - -
`
`D i. DELETION OF INVENTOR(S)
`
`CK]
`
`Signed statement attached deleting inventor(s)
`named in the prior application, see 37 CFR
`L63(d)(2) and 1.33(b).
`Incorporation By Reference (useable ifEox 4b is checked).
`The entire disclosure of the prior application, from which
`a copy of the oath or declaration is supplied under Box
`4b, is considered as being part of the disclosure of the
`accompanying application and is hereby incorporated by
`reference therein.
`17. If a CONTINUING APPLICATION, check appropriate box and supply the requisite information:
`Continuation
`Divisional
`Continuation-in- art CIP
`of rior a
`lication No.:
`18. CORRESPONDENCE 'ADDRESS
`t--~~~~~~~~~~~~~--..----------------------------------.-~~~~~~~~~~~~~---t
`I
`-
`I
`· 020, 455
`I
`Customer Number or Bar Code Label I ·(Insert Custofuer No. or Attach bar code label here)
`t--~~~~-..-~~~~~~~~_,..-----------------------------------~~~~~~~~~~~~~---t
`
`(if foreign priority is claimed)
`
`I
`
`or D Coi:respondence·addressbelow
`
`Name
`
`Address
`
`Zip Code
`Fax
`
`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 7 of 128
`
`

`

`ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
`
`The pedometer having improved accuracy by calculating actual stride lengths
`-
`.
`of a user based on relative stride rates. The pedometer includes a waist or leg
`
`mounted stride counter, a transmi~er for transmitting data to a wrist-mounted display
`
`s
`
`. unit, and a data processor for calculating necessary base u~ts. and actual stride rates
`
`and lengths. The pedometer can also interact with a heart monitoring device.
`
`·.: .
`. •.
`
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`19
`
`\
`
`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 8 of 128
`
`

`

`The undersigned hereby certifln lhlt this
`document it be"1I ~~the United
`?® ·~ - -
`States Poltll·llrvlce todly
`. .
`11:ib, the ........ Miii"' ....... ..Wzlng
`.,,,_ .... ._. ....... §.Ml(ef'C/l&'f?<JS
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`
`PEDOMETER -
`
`Nathan Pyles Joel M. Macht Chen Shui-Jung
`
`FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
`
`The present invention relates generally to pedometers having a waist mounted
`
`5
`
`stride-counting device and transmitter,<(and a wrist-mounted receiver and display. The
`
`invention also relates to a distance calculation device that calculates a distance
`
`walked or run based on an algorithm that converts a base stride length and a base
`
`stride rate to an actual stride length for use in calculating the distance traveled.
`
`Pedometers are ]piown which include devices· or algorithms for determining
`
`10
`
`the distance a person travels on foot. For example, U.S. Patent 4,371,945 discloses
`
`an electronic pedometer that calculates distance by electronically measuring the
`
`length of each stride taken by a user. Stride length is measured by ultrasonic waves
`
`generated by an ultrasonic module strapped to one leg and an ultra:s~nic detector
`
`I
`•. • 15
`
`worn on th~ other leg. A program compensates for a variety of measurement errors
`.
`.
`and the results are displayed on a wrist-mounted display after being transmitted by
`
`VHF waves from the leg to the wrist.
`
`1
`
`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 9 of 128
`
`

`

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`
`U.S. Patent 4, 771,394 discloses a computer shoe with a heel-mounted
`
`electronic device with an inertia footstrike counter, a timer, a sound generating
`
`device, a battery, and a gate array for counting time and footstrikes to calculate
`
`distance and running time as a function of stride time. Although recognizing the
`
`5
`
`important relationship of stride length and foot speed, the .. ~~~e in this pat~p.t requires
`
`data from at least 15 test runs or walks and the data must be user-entered in pairs of
`
`footstrikes and elapsed time to cover a pre-determined distance. Further, user
`
`adjustments of time must be performed to accommodate start and stop times, and the
`
`number of counted footstrikes is increased one percent to overcome inherent errors
`
`10
`
`in the inertia step counter. The shoe-mounted device is subject to damage from
`
`impact, dirt, and water, and requires a stay-at-home computer with which to
`
`interface. There is no means disclosed to transmit data to a wrist-mounted display
`
`device or an "on~board" computing device that provides "real time" data to a runner.
`
`U.S. Patent 4,855,942 discloses a pedometer and calorie measuring device
`
`15
`
`that includes a wrist-mounted step counter and a fixed stride length to .calculate
`
`distance traveled. Wrist-mounted step counters are known to be inaccurate because
`
`they assume a step for every arm movement. Even with error correction, such a
`
`device will provide less accurate step counts than a leg or waist-mounted counter.
`
`Further, fixed stride lengths do not take into account the fact that stride length varies
`
`20
`
`with rate of movement.
`
`U.S. Patent 5, 117,444 discloses a pedometer and calibration method with two
`
`calibration modes. First, a user travels a predetermined "half-distance" for the device
`
`to count and store the number of strides in that distance. Next, the user travels a
`
`second distance with th~ step counter comparing actual steps to the steps in memory
`
`25
`
`and a current trip memofy are incremented by a tenth of a "whole unit" distance.
`
`There is no correlation between ~tride length and stride rate which requires the user ·
`
`to re-calibrate the device when walking as opposed to running.
`
`U.S. Patent 5,475, ?25 discloses a pulse meter with pedometer function to
`
`determine pace and pulse rate of a user. The meter uses pulse wave base data
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`30
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`compared to actual pulse wave data rates.
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`U.S. Patent 5,476,427 discloses a pace display device utilizing a base rate for
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`2
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`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 10 of 128
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`traveling pre-set distances in successive trails. The device calculates step counts and
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`rates, and compares actual step count rates to display data to a user for comparison
`~f present running rates to previous ·rates.
`Thus, 'there is a need for a simple, but highly accurate, pedometer that
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`s
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`displays distance traveled, pace, speed, heart rate, and other important info~ation on
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`an easily read wrist-mounted device.
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`SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
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`The present invention overcomes problems and shortcomings in the prior art
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`by providing a device that includes a waist, chest, or leg-mounted stride counting ·
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`10
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`device, a transmitter, and a wrist-mounted receiver/display device that provides
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`highly accurate travel distances and other information. The device includes a
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`computer that stores base stride length and rate data from traveling a pre-determined
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`distance and compares that to actual stride rate data to calculate actual distance
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`traveled, .speed, and pace. The invention recognizes the interdependency of stride
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`length and stride rate and uses that relationship to provide superior distance-
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`'
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`15
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`calculating accuracy.
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`= :..=.!
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`The invention also provides for improved display of relevant data on a wrist(cid:173)
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`mounted display that receives digital signals from devices worn on other body parts
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`such as legs, waist, and chest. Transmitters that can send coded signals are desirable
`because they will not interfere with similar devices worn by other users in the vicinity.
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`20
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`The accuracy of the device is enhanced by the use of an algorithm that adjusts
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`a base stride length based on actual stride rates. The algorithm is defined as: Actual
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`Stride Length= Base Stride Length+ Base Stride Length *(((Actual Stride Rate -
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`J3ase Stride Rate) N)/Base Stride Rate); where N is ~ither an average value or a
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`derived value from a plurality of samples.
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`2s
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`The invention also includes. a method for calculating an actual stride length
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`including steps of: timing a first user run of a predetermined distance; counting the
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`total number of strides in the user first run; dividing the first run distance by the stride
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`30
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`count to obtain a base stride length; dividing the · stride count by the first run time to
`obtain a-base stride rat~; counting strides during a user's second run to obtain ari
`actual stride rate; calculating the actual stride length using the formula: Actual Stride
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`I
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`3
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`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 11 of 128
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`·:
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`= w
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`Length = Base Stride L~ngth + Base Stride Length
`*(((Actual Stride R.8.te -Base Stride Rate )N)/Base Stride Rate); wherein N is an
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`average value or a derived value.
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`The average value method can be refined by comparing Base Stride Rate to
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`5
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`Actual Stride Rate to determine a percentage difference; and using N= 1 when the
`Actual Stride Rate =5 Base Stride Rate * 1.02 and using N=3 when Actual Stride Rate
`>Base Stride Rate * 1.02. A preferred embodiment uses a plurality of sample runs
`over known distances to derive an accurate N value for each individual/ .
`/ "
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`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWlNGS
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`1 o
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`Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pedometer in accordance with the present
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`invention.
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`DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWlNGS
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`As illustrated;in Fig. 1, the present invention is directed to an improved
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`pedometer 20 including: a waist, chest, or leg mounted stride counter 24, and a wrist
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`15
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`or waist mounted display unit 26. An optional chest-mounted heart monitor 28 can
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`be included. All of the device components are mounted in suitable housings. The
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`pedometer 20 includes a data processor 30 that is mounted in the same housing as
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`either the step counter 24 or the display unit 26.
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`The step counter 24 is an inertia device that counts the number of steps a user
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`20
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`takes. The number. of ~teps is transmitted to a data archive 32 either directly or via a
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`transmitter 34. The data archive 32 is mounted in the housing with the step counter
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`24 or the display 26.
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`The transmitter 34 is mounted in the step counter housing and is preferably an
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`Rf telemetric signal tr ansmitter with a 30 inches to 36 inches transmission range.
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`25
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`Alternately, the transmitter is a wireless or wired digital transmitter with a coding
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`function to limit or eliminate interference with other similar devices. The wireless
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`transmission range is set between 30 inches and 36 inches to provide adequate range
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`to transmit signals from a user's waist to wrist, but not so far as to cause interference
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`with other Rf or digital devices in the vicinity.
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`·
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`,·
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`30
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`The transmitter''34 transmits either raw data or calculated distances, pace, etc.
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`to a wrist-i:nounted display unit receiver 40. The receiver 40 relays a raw data signal
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`4
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`-"
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`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 12 of 128
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`·'
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`''"'\
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`to the data processor 30 or a calculated data_ signal directly to the display panel 42,
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`such as an LCD or LED.
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`Similarly, the heart rate monitor 28 includes a transmitter 44 that transmits
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`heart rate data to the display unit 26. The heart monitor transmitter 44 can transmit at
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`s
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`the same or a different frequency as the stride counter 24, and to the· same or a
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`different receiver in the display unit 26. The heart rate transmitter 44 is preferably Rf,
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`-~
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`but can be digital for the reasons stated above. The range of the heart rate transmitter
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`44 should also be between 30 inches and 36 inches to ensure effective communication
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`with the receiver while limiting outside interference.
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`10
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`The data processor 30 ·can also include a programmable logic controller, a
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`personal computer, a programmable read-only memory, or other suitable processor.
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`The data processor 30 includes a data archive 32 to store historic data on stride
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`length and pace to be used in an algorithm for calculating actual distances, speed; and
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`rate for real-time conversion of data to useful information for a user.
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`16
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`The data processor 30 can also include close~ loop or fuzzy logic
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`programming to continually or periodically replace the base stride rate and length
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`with recently calculated stride rates and lengths so that long term conditioning trends
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`are accommodated in the base stride archive. Incorporating trend capabilities may
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`:further enhance accuracy of the distance and pace calculations.
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`20
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`The display unit 26 also includes an operator interface 46 such as a key pad,
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`button, knob, etc. that enables the user to start and stop a clock 48 (or stop watch)
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`and activate various use modes within the pedometer, such as a sampling mode and
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`operation mode.
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`One option for using the pedometer 20, requires the user to operate a
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`2s
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`"sampling mode" and begin walking or running a pre-determined distance such as a
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`mile or 1600 meters, preferably o~ a running track of a known size. Upon completion
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`of the distance, a stop button on the operator interface 46 is pushed. The data
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`processor 30 is programmed to then divide the distance by the number of strides
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`counted to calculate an, average stride length. This value is stored in the data archive
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`3o
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`32 as the "Base Stride Length."
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`.
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`I
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`Also, the data processor 30 is prograI1,lllled to divide the number of strides by
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`5
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`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 13 of 128
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`the time of the run or walk as measured by the clock 48 to arrive at a ''Base Stride
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`Rate."
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`The data processor 30 preferably includes programming that queries the user·
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`about the distance to be run during the sampling mode. By providing options or
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`s
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`enabling the use of any distance during the sampling mode, the ped<?meter 20
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`provides maximum flexibility for use by people of variousphysical conditions, or
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`having access to courses of different known distances. Thus, a user may be queried to
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`input a distance to be used in the .sampling mode and then be given a list of options
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`such as 400 meters, 440 yards, 1600 meters, or one mile, or be asked to simply input
`any distance known to the user that will be traveled during the sampling mode.
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`1 o
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`The present invention makes full use of the relationship between a faster rate
`of travel and longer stride lengths. in other words, the faster a user is moving, the
`longer will be the stride length. Over the course of the run or walk, the user's step
`rate and, therefore, stride length will change and the user will cover more ground
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`A b'i
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`15
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`when moving fast and less ground when moving slow.
`Clearly, using a fixed average stride length in calculating distance traveled will
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`result .in errors using prior pedometers. This is particularly true if a user changes
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`pace, or improves conditioning and speed to the point where the average stride length
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`over a given run increases dramatically. The error compensators in prior devices do
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`20
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`not adjust for changes in pace. With the old devices, a user needed to re-calibrate
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`periodically to be close to getting an accurate reading, and could not change pace
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`during a workout without decreasing accuracy.
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`To make the correction, the user activates a ''Use Mode" in which the data
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`processor 3 0 calculates an Actual Stride Rate based on data from the stride counter
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`24 and the clock 48. For example, an Actual Stride Rate can be calculated every five
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`25
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`seconds without the user doing more than activating the " Use Mode" button, while
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`all the calculations are performed by the data processor automatically. The
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`percentage change between the Actual Stride Rate and the Base Stride Rate is then
`computed by the data processor 3 0 to determine an Actual Stride Length. Again, if
`the Actual Stride Rate is greater than the Base Stride Rate, the Actual Stride Length
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`30
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`is longer than the Base Stride Length. If the Actual Steps Per Second is lower than
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`6
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`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 14 of 128
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`the Base Steps Per Second, the Actual Stride Length is shorter than the Base Stride
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`Length. The algorithm below provides a means for comparing the Actual and Base
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`Stride rates to arrive at an accurate Actual Stride Length.
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`First, a comparison between the Actual Stride Rate and the Base Stride Rate
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`s
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`is made to determine whether Actual Stride Rate is less than or equal to Base .Stride
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`Rate multiplied by 1. 02. Stride Length is calculated by:
`Actual Stride Length = Base Stride Length +
`Base Stride Length *(((Actual Stride Rate - Base Stride Rate)N)/Base Stride
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`Rate)
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`10
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`Where: N=I when Actual Stride Rate is less than or equal to Base Stride Rate
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`multiplied by I. 02, and N=3 when Actual Stride Rate is greater than Base Stride Rate
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`multiplied by I. 02, although other N values in the range of one to three can be used.
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`The above algorithm is accurate for heel to toe activities such as walking or
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`jogging, but is less accurate for sprinting (toe only).
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`15
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`A third method of calculating actual stride length uses three separate run or
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`walk samples at three. different paces. This is the most accurate option. With this
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`method, the N values are unique for each individual. By deriving an N value for each
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`individual, this value more accurately reflects the actual change in stride length with a
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`change in pace. After a proper warmup, the user completes a sample run or walk on
`the track at a normal pace. This first sample SI, will establish the Base Stride and the
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`20
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`Base Steps Per Second.
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`SI SAMPLE:
`SI Stride = Base Stride = Distance I Number of Steps
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`SI Steps Per Second or SI Steps Per Second =Base Steps Per Second =
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`Number of Steps Per Second
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`25
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`Following completion of the first run or walk at normal pace, the user runs or
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`walks the same course and the same distance at a faster run or walking pace, but not
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`a sprinting pace. The user should not run on his toes, but maintain the normal heel to
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`toe jogging style. This is the S2 sample. The purj>ose of the S2 sample is to calculate
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`,
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`I
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`ao
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`an N2 value for each individual which reflects the effect an increase in Steps Per·
`Second has on this individual's stride length. Some individual's _steps will lengthen
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`7
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`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 15 of 128
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`... .
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`: : ;-
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`more than others as Steps Per Second increases, and by finding the value for N2, this
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`relative increase can be quantified for a more accurate and customized algorithm for
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`each individual.
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`6
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`S2 SAMPLE:
`To find the N2 value, which will be used by the algprithm when Acyual Steps
`Per Second > Base Steps Per Second
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`N2 = ((S2 Stride* SI Steps Per Second) - (SI Stride* SI Steps Per
`Second)) I (SI Stride (S2 Steps Per Second - SI Steps Per Second))
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`This value can be calculated since the distance is known, and both a Fast
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`10
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`Stride Length (S2 Stride) and a Fast Steps Per Second (S2 Steps Per Second) can be
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`calculated from the second sample.
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`Following completion of the fast run or walk, the user runs the same course
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`and the same distance at a slower than normal run or walking pace. This pace cannot
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`exceed the first sample pace. This is the S3 sample. The purpose of the S3 sample is
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`15
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`to calculate an N3 value for each individual which reflects the effect a decrease in
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`Steps Per Second has on this individual's stride length. Some individual's steps will
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`shorten more than others as Steps Per Second decreases, and by finding the value for
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`N3, this relative decrease can be quantified for a more accurate and customized
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`algorithm for each individual.
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`20
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`S3 SAMPLE:
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`To find the N3 value, which will be used by the algorithm when Actual Steps
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`Per Second <Base Steps Per Second.
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`N3=((S3 Stride* SI Steps Per Second)- (SI Stride* SI Steps Per Second))
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`/.(SI Stride (S2 Step~ Per Second - SI Steps Per Second))
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`This value can be calculated since the distance is known and both a "Slow"
`Stride Length (S3 Stride) aiid a "Slow'' Steps Per Sec~nd (S3 Steps Per Second) can
`be calculated from the third sample.
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`Once these three samples are completed and the information automatically
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`•
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`1.
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`•
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`used forthe most accurate measurements of speed and distance .
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`calculated and stored in the dat~ processor 30, then tqe following fonilula can ~e
`.
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`If:
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`Actual Steps Per Second is less than or equal to Base Steps Per
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`25
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`ao
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`8
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`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 16 of 128
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`Second
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`Then:
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`Stride Length= Base Stride+ Base Stride*(((Actual Steps Per Second -Base
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`Steps Per Second)N)/Base Steps Per Second)
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`s
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`And N = N3 (Stored Value)
`Actual Steps Per Second > Base Steps Per Second
`If:
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`Then:
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`Stride Length= Base Stride+ Base Stride*(((Actual Steps Per Second - Base
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`Steps Per Second)N)/Base Steps Per Second)
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`10
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`And N = N2 (Stored Value)
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`This third option for calculating stride length, and subsequently distance,
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`speed, and pace, is a far more accurate method than a fixed stride length pedometer.
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`This device and metliod are also practical, convenient, and has a relatively low
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`manufacturing cost. If an individual's running or walking style is progressing with
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`15
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`training and practice (as seen by significantly improved times), then it may be
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`beneficial for them to recalibrate their device by repeating the three samples every 3
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`to 6 months. If there are no signifi~ant improvements in time, then recalibration is not
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`necessary.
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`It is noted that any single stride length or pace discussed above can in fact be
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`20
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`an average of a plurality of stride lengths or rates from test runs to :further refine
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`accuracy in the calculations of actual _stride data.
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`Other variations on this device could also incorporate an altimeter which
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`measures changes in elevation. The stride length could then be adjusted (shortened)
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`yvhen elevation is increasing, and lengthened when elevation is decreasing. This
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`25
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`adjustment could be done with an average value, as we used in setting option 2, or
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`with a derived value by running or walking over a known distance on a hilly course.
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`This device can use two batteries so that the qcilibration data is not lost when the
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`batteries are replaced one at a time.
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`Once the actu~ stride length is calculated for a given period of time, the value
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`30
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`can be multiplied by the number of strides in that period to obtain a total distance for
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`that period to be stored in a data archive file for that particular walk or run and added
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`9
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`TomTom Exhibit 1010, Page 17 of 128
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`, ..
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`.-"\
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`to other actual stride lengths or distances for other periods in which stride length was
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`calculated. When the run or walk is completed, the user engages the operator
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`int~rface 46 to indicate that a total distance is to be displayed on the display unit.
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`Preferably, there is continual display of the distance traveled.
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`s
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`As a result of accurately calculating distance traveled, the pedometer 20 also
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`has the capability of calculating speed in miles per hour, for ·example or pace in
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`minutes per mile, including average speed and pace over the course of that particular
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`walk or run. Further, the pedometer 20 can include a port for coupling to a separate
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`personal computer or computing device to create larger training histories, trends, etc.
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`10
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`Additional features ca11 include stop watches, day, date and time displays, as
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`well as, heart rate displays as discussed above. Also, it will be underst