(19) United States
`(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0151882 A1
`(43) Pub. Date:
`Jun. 17, 2010
`Gillies et al.
`
`US 20100151882A1
`
`(54) LOCATION LOGGING AND LOCATION AND
`TIME BASED FILTERING
`
`(75) Inventors:
`
`Donald William Gillies, San Diego,
`CA (US); Charles N. Lo, San
`Diego, CA (US); Stephen W. Edge,
`Escondido, CA (US)
`
`Correspondence Address:
`QUALCOMM INCORPORATED
`5775 MOREHOUSE DR.
`SAN DIEGO, CA 92121 (US)
`
`(73) Assignee:
`
`QUALCOMM Incorporated, San
`Diego, CA (US)
`
`(21) Appl. No.:
`
`12/636,037
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Dec. 11, 2009
`
`Related US. Application Data
`
`(60) Provisional application No. 61/122,681, ?led on Dec.
`15, 2008.
`
`Publication Classi?cation
`
`(51) Int. Cl.
`H04W 64/00
`
`(2009.01)
`
`(52) US. Cl. ................................................... .. 455/456.1
`
`ABSTRACT
`(57)
`Techniques for performing location logging and location and
`time based ?ltering are described. In one design of location
`logging, a terminal periodically determines its location, e.g.,
`during its paging slots. The terminal determines Whether
`there is a change in its location and stores its location if a
`change in location is detected. In one design of location and
`time based ?ltering, the terminal obtains a location and time
`criterion With a target area and a time period. The terminal
`determines its location during the time period, e.g., based on
`the location log. The terminal evaluates the location and time
`criterion based on the target area and its location during the
`time period, e.g., based on at least one sector ID for the target
`area and one or more sector IDs for its location. The terminal
`determines Whether to doWnload and/or present broadcast
`information based on the result of the evaluation.
`
`A
`190 "5‘
`
`130
`
`Broadcast
`Network
`
`Terminal
`
`Wireless and/or
`Wireline Network(s)
`
`150
`,J
`
`Broadcast
`Center
`
`152
`
`Broadcast
`information
`& Metadata
`
`140
`,J
`
`Location
`Serve”
`Center
`
`142
`
`Location
`Database
`
`APPLE EXHIBIT 1008
`Page 1 of 21
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`

`

`Patent Application Publication
`
`Jun. 17, 2010 Sheet 1 0f 8
`
`US 2010/0151882 A1
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`APPLE EXHIBIT 1008
`Page 3 of 21
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`

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`Patent Application Publication
`
`Jun. 17, 2010 Sheet 3 0f 8
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`US 2010/0151882 A1
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`APPLE EXHIBIT 1008
`Page 4 of 21
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`

`

`Patent Application Publication
`
`Jun. 17, 2010 Sheet 4 of8
`
`US 2010/0151882 A1
`
`Target Area
`
`FIG. 4A
`
`Intersection Area
`(Gray Shading)
`
`User Location
`
`One Polygon
`of Target Area
`
`intersection Area
`(Gray Shading)
`
`FIG. 48
`
`User Location
`D
`
`FIG. 4C
`
`APPLE EXHIBIT 1008
`Page 5 of 21
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`

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`Patent Application Publication
`
`Jun. 17, 2010 Sheet 5 of8
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`US 2010/0151882 A1
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`Page 6 0f21
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`APPLE EXHIBIT 1008
`Page 6 of 21
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`Patent Application Publication
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`Jun. 17, 2010 Sheet 6 of8
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`US 2010/0151882 A1
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`APPLE EXHIBIT 1008
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`Patent Application Publication
`
`Jun. 17, 2010 Sheet 7 of8
`
`US 2010/0151882 A1
`
`800
`W
`
`D C
`,812
`
`Start
`
`‘
`
`900
`‘J
`
`D
`
`,912
`
`Periodically determine
`location of a terminal
`,914
`t
`Determine whether there is a
`change in the location of the terminal
`i
`,916
`Store the location of the terminal
`if a change in location is detected
`1,
`,918
`Store a timestamp with the
`location of the terminal if a
`change in location is detected
`t
`
`FIG. 9
`
`Start
`t
`Maintain a log of the
`location of a terminal
`,814
`t
`Obtain a location and time criterion
`comprising a target area and a
`time period in which the location
`and time criterion applies
`
`Determine the location of the
`terminal during the time period
`t
`[818
`Evaluate the location and time
`criterion based on the target
`area and the location of the
`terminal during the time period
`it
`,820
`Determine whether to download and/
`or present broadcast information
`based on result of the evaluation
`of the location and time criterion
`l
`End
`
`)
`
`(
`
`FIG. 8
`
`APPLE EXHIBIT 1008
`Page 8 of 21
`
`

`

`Patent Application Publication
`
`Jun. 17, 2010 Sheet 8 0f 8
`
`US 2010/0151882 A1
`
`5012262 98
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`APPLE EXHIBIT 1008
`Page 9 of 21
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`

`

`US 2010/0151882 A1
`
`Jun. 17, 2010
`
`LOCATION LOGGING AND LOCATION AND
`TIME BASED FILTERING
`
`CLAIM OF PRIORITY UNDER 35 U.S.C. §119
`
`[0001] The present Application for Patent claims priority to
`Provisional US. Application Ser. No. 61/122,681, entitled
`“Location and Time Based Filtering,” ?led Dec. 15, 2008,
`assigned to the assignee hereof, and expressly incorporated
`herein by reference.
`
`BACKGROUND
`
`[0002] I. Field
`[0003] The present disclosure relates generally to commu
`nication, and more speci?cally to techniques for receiving
`broadcast information.
`[0004] II. Background
`[0005] A communication netWork may broadcast various
`types of information such as commercial advertisements,
`neWs, Weather and travel advisories, segments of ?lm, edu
`cational items, television shoWs, sporting events, public
`Warning messages, etc. Broadcast information may thus
`include any type of information sent to more than one user
`and may also be referred to as broadcast content. A given user
`may be interested in receiving only some of the broadcast
`information sent by the netWork. The user may manually
`identify broadcast information of interest to the user and may
`either save or display the broadcast information on a receiver,
`e.g., a cellular phone. This manual ?ltering of broadcast infor
`mation may be tedious. It may be desirable to automatically
`identify broadcast information of potential interest to the user.
`
`SUMMARY
`
`[0006] Techniques for performing location logging and
`location and time based ?ltering to receive broadcast infor
`mation are described herein. In an aspect, a terminal may
`periodically record its location and maintain a location log to
`support location and time based ?ltering. In one design, the
`terminal may periodically determine its location, e.g., during
`its paging slots While operating in an idle mode. The terminal
`may determine Whether there is a change in its location and
`may store its location and a timestamp if a change in location
`is detected. In one design, the terminal may periodically
`determine its serving sector and ascertain Whether there is a
`change in serving sector. The terminal may store a sector
`identity (ID) of the serving sector and a timestamp if a change
`in serving sector is detected.
`[0007] In another aspect, the terminal may perform loca
`tion and time based ?ltering to receive broadcast information.
`The terminal may maintain a log of its location. The terminal
`may obtain a location and time criterion, e.g., from a broad
`cast transmission, or a unicast transmission, or pre-provision
`ing in non-volatile memory on the terminal The location and
`time criterion may comprise a target area and a time period in
`Which the location and time criterion applies. The terminal
`may determine its location during the time period, e.g., based
`on the log of its location. The terminal may evaluate the
`location and time criterion based on the target area and its
`location during the time period. In one design, the terminal
`may determine at least one sector ID or polygon for the target
`area and one or more sector IDs or polygons for its location
`during the time period. The terminal may then evaluate the
`location and time criterion based on the at least one sector ID
`or polygon for the target area and the one or more sector IDs
`
`or polygons for its location. The terminal may determine
`Whether to doWnload and/ or present broadcast information
`based on the result of the evaluation.
`[0008] Various aspects and features of the disclosure are
`described in further detail beloW.
`
`BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
`
`[0009] FIG. 1 shoWs an exemplary netWork deployment.
`[0010] FIG. 2 shoWs a design of location logging.
`[0011] FIG. 3 shoWs an example of location logging by a
`terminal
`[0012] FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C shoW evaluation of a location
`and time criterion.
`[0013] FIG. 5 shoWs transmission of a service guide With
`broadcast metadata.
`[0014] FIG. 6 shoWs transmission and presentation of
`broadcast information.
`[0015] FIG. 7 shoWs a design of location and time based
`?ltering.
`[0016] FIG. 8 shoWs a process for performing location and
`time based ?ltering.
`[0017] FIG. 9 shoWs a process for performing location log
`ging.
`[0018] FIG. 10 shoWs a block diagram of a terminal, a
`netWork, a location server/center, and a broadcast center.
`
`DETAILED DESCRIPTION
`
`[0019] The techniques described herein may be used to
`receive information from various Wireless and Wireline com
`munication netWorks. The terms “network” and “system” are
`often used interchangeably. For example, the techniques may
`be used to receive information from cellular netWorks, broad
`cast netWorks, etc. The techniques may be used to receive
`broadcast information sent to all users, multicast information
`sent to a speci?c group of users, and unicast information sent
`to a speci?c user. For clarity, certain aspects of the techniques
`are described beloW for receiving broadcast information from
`a communication netWork.
`[0020] FIG. 1 shoWs an exemplary netWork deployment
`100 supporting the techniques described herein. A terminal
`110 may communicate With one or more Wireless and/or
`Wireline netWorks 120 to obtain communication services and/
`or data connectivity. Terminal 110 may communicate With
`one or more base stations in a Wireless netWork and/ or one or
`more servers in a Wireline netWork. Terminal 110 may also
`receive broadcast information from a broadcast netWork 130.
`Terminal 110 may be stationary or mobile and may also be
`referred to as a mobile station, a user equipment, an access
`terminal, a subscriber unit, a station, etc. Terminal 110 may be
`a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a Wireless
`device, a Wireline device, a Wireless modem, a laptop com
`puter, a personal computer (PC), a broadcast receiver, etc. The
`functions of terminal 110 may also be spread over more than
`one device. For example, transmission and reception may be
`supported in a cellular phone or a PDA While an associated
`laptop or PC may perform ?ltering of broadcast information
`and presentation of ?ltered broadcast information to a user. In
`addition, terminal 110 may receive and transmit signals via a
`mobile satellite system, Which may be a Globalstar system, an
`Iridium system, an OmniTracs system, etc. Terminal 1 1 0 may
`also receive signals via a ?xed satellite broadcast system such
`as a DirecTV system, an EchoStar system, or a receive-trans
`mit ICO Global system.
`
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`US 2010/0151882 A1
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`
`[0021] Terminal 110 may also receive and measure signals
`from satellites 190 to obtain pseudo-ranges for the satellites.
`Satellites 190 may be part of the United States Global Posi
`tioning System (GPS), the European Galileo system, the Rus
`sian GLONASS system, the Japanese Quasi-Zenith Satellite
`System (QZSS), the Chinese Compass/Beidou system, the
`Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS),
`some other global navigation satellite system (GNSS), or a
`combination of these systems. The pseudo-ranges and the
`knoWn locations of the satellites may be used to derive a
`location estimate for terminal 110. Terminal 110 may also
`receive and measure signals from base stations in a Wireless
`netWork to obtain timing and/ or signal strength measure
`ments. The timing and/ or signal strength measurements and
`the knoWn locations and/ or coverage areas of the base stations
`may be used to derive a location estimate for terminal 110. In
`general, a location estimate may be derived based on mea
`surements for satellites, base stations, pseudo satellites, and/
`or other transmitters and using one or a combination of posi
`tioning methods.
`[0022] NetWork(s) 120 may include a Wireless netWork that
`supports radio communication for terminals located Within its
`coverage area. A Wireless netWork may be a Code Division
`Multiple Access (CDMA) netWork, a Time Division Multiple
`Access (TDMA) netWork, a Frequency Division Multiple
`Access (FDMA) netWork, an Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA)
`netWork, a Single-Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) netWork, etc.
`A CDMA netWork may implement Wideband CDMA
`(WCDMA), CDMA l><, High Rate Packet Data (HRPD), or
`some other CDMA radio technology. A TDMA netWork may
`implement Global System for Mobile Communications
`(GSM) or some other TDMA radio technology. An OFDMA
`netWork may implement Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE
`Advanced (LTE-A), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE
`802.11, IEEE 802.16, or some other OFDMA radio technol
`ogy. WCDMA, LTE, LTE-A and GSM are described in docu
`ments from an organiZation named “3rd Generation Partner
`ship Project” (3GPP). CDMA l><, HRPD, and UMB are
`described in documents from an organiZation named “3rd
`Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2).
`[0023] A Wireless netWork may include a number of base
`stations. In 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to the smallest
`coverage area of a base station and/or a base station sub
`system serving this coverage area. In 3GPP2, the term “sec
`tor” or “cell-sector” can refer to the smallest coverage area of
`a base station and/or a base station subsystem serving this
`coverage area. For clarity, 3GPP2 concept of sector is used in
`much of the description beloW. A base station may support
`one or multiple (e. g., three) sectors.
`[0024] Alternatively or additionally, netWork(s) 120 may
`include a Wireline netWork such as a local area netWork
`(LAN), a digital subscriber line (DSL) netWork, a packet
`cable netWork, an Internet Service Provider (ISP) netWork, a
`telephone netWork, the Internet, etc.
`[0025] Broadcast netWork 130 may provide broadcast ser
`vices and may implement MediaFLOTM, Digital Video
`Broadcasting for Handhelds (DVB-H), Integrated Services
`Digital Broadcasting for Terrestrial Television Broadcasting
`(ISDB-T), or some other digital transmission technology.
`Broadcast netWork 130 may also assist terminal 110 in deter
`mining its location. For example, terminal 110 may measure
`signal timing information from one or more broadcast trans
`mitters and may determine its location via triangulation, tri
`lateration, or some other means.
`
`[0026] A location server/center 140 may comprise a loca
`tion server that supports positioning for terminal 110 and
`other location services (LCS) clients. Positioning refers to a
`process to determine a geographic or civil location estimate
`for an LCS target, e. g., obtain latitude, longitude and altitude
`coordinates for geographic location or a street address for
`civil location. The location server may perform various func
`tions to support positioning, e.g., calculate location estimates,
`deliver assistance data to terminals, perform functions for
`security, etc. The location server may support one or more
`location architectures/solutions such as Secure User Plane
`Location (SUPL) from Open Mobile Alliance (OMA), 3GPP
`control plane, 3GPP2 control plane, etc. The location server
`may comprise a SUPL Positioning Center (SPC), a 3GPP
`Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC), a 3GPP2 Position
`Determining Entity (PDE), a Skyhook (802.11) Location
`Server, etc.
`[0027] Location server/center 140 may also comprise a
`location center that supports location services for terminal
`110 and other LCS clients. The location center may perform
`various functions such as support of location services, sup
`port of subscriber privacy, authorization, authentication,
`charging/billing, service management, etc. The location cen
`ter may comprise a SUPL Location Center (SLC), a SUPL
`Location Platform (SLP), a 3GPP GateWay Mobile Location
`Center (GMLC), a 3GPP2 Mobile Position Center (MPC),
`etc. The location server and location center may be integrated
`(as shoWn in FIG. 1) or may be separate entities. A location
`database 142 may store location information that may be used
`to support positioning and/or location-based services.
`[0028] A broadcast center 150 may provide broadcast
`information for broadcast services. The broadcast informa
`tion may comprise any information that may be of interest to
`users, e. g., entertainment television (TV), radio, advertise
`ments, neWs, etc. Broadcast center 150 or some other entity
`may also provide broadcast metadata for the broadcast infor
`mation, as described beloW. A storage unit 152 may store the
`broadcast information and broadcast metadata. Broadcast
`center 150 may provide the broadcast information and broad
`cast metadata to netWork(s) 120 and/or broadcast netWork
`130. The broadcast information and broadcast metadata may
`be transmitted together or separately by netWork(s) 120 and/
`or broadcast netWork 130.
`[0029] The broadcast metadata may enable a terminal (e. g.,
`terminal 110) to perform location and time based ?ltering of
`the broadcast information, typically in conjunction With
`stored user preferences and/or pro?le. The broadcast meta
`data may enable the terminal to make a decision regarding
`Whether to receive the broadcast information and present this
`information to the user. The user preferences/pro?le may be
`entered previously by the user into the terminal or may be
`ascertained in other manners, e.g., by observing user prefer
`ences for manually selecting previous broadcast information
`and the criteria that apply to the selected broadcast informa
`tion in building a set of user behavior related heuristics. The
`location and time based ?ltering by the terminal may reduce
`the burden on the user of having to scan through and select
`particular broadcasts from possibly a large number of broad
`casts. Based on the outcome of the ?ltering, the terminal may
`alert the user to the presence of the broadcast information
`before, during, or after it has been received. The terminal may
`also store and/ or present the broadcast information if it is of
`potential interest to the user or may silently ignore (e.g., not
`receive and store) the broadcast information. The manner of
`
`APPLE EXHIBIT 1008
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`

`US 2010/0151882 A1
`
`Jun. 17, 2010
`
`alerting the user to broadcast information that passes the
`?ltering may also depend on the ?ltering. For example, an
`audible alarm may be provided for broadcasts of an emer
`gency nature Whereas commercial broadcasts may be (i)
`saved and provided to the user folloWing an explicit request or
`(ii) inserted automatically for display along With the main
`program.
`[0030] The user may de?ne items of interest to the user and
`methods of being informed When such items of interest are
`detected. The terminal may ?lter broadcast information by
`examining the associated broadcast metadata in light of the
`user preferences. If there is a match, then the terminal may
`alert the user, as speci?ed, and may also store and/or present
`the broadcast information to the user.
`[0031] In one design, the broadcast metadata may include
`location and time criteria.
`[0032] The terms “criteria” and “requirements” are used
`interchangeably herein. A location and time criterion may be
`related to the location and time of an event associated With the
`broadcast information, e.g., a sales event, a sporting event,
`etc. An event may be in the past, present, or future. A location
`and time criterion may comprise a location criterion and an
`associated time criterion. A location criterion may be given by
`a target area in Which a potential recipient terminal should be
`Within (or outside of) in order for the broadcast information to
`be pertinent. A time criterion may be given by a time period in
`Which the terminal should be Within (or outside of) the target
`area. This time period may be in the past, present, or future. If
`the terminal is Within (or outside of) the target area during the
`speci?ed time period (i.e., if the location and time criterion is
`met), then the terminal may give higher priority to receiving
`the associated broadcast information and providing this infor
`mation to the user. Altemately, the terminal may refuse to
`provide (e.g., black-out) the associated broadcast information
`to the user if the location and time criterion is met.
`[0033] In one design, location and time criteria for broad
`cast information may specify the presence or absence of a
`terminal for each of a set of target areas, as folloWs:
`
`Location time criteria:(PAl at Ll during D1) L01 (PAZ
`at L2 during D2) LO2 (PA3 atL3 during D3) .
`. .LOMl
`Eq (1)
`(PAN atLN during DN),
`where L” denotes a target area for the n-th location and time
`criterion, for lénéN,
`[0034] D” denotes a time period or time instant for the
`n-th location and time criterion,
`[0035] PA” denotes a presence or absence requirement
`for the n-th location and time criterion, and
`[0036] LO” denotes a logical operation, Which may be a
`logical OR or a logical AND.
`[0037] In the design shoWn in equation (1 ), the location and
`time criteria are de?ned by a set of N target areas L 1 through
`L N, Where in general N; l . Each target area may be de?ned as
`described beloW. N time periods D 1 through DN may be pro
`vided for the N target areas L 1 through L N, respectively. Each
`time period D” may be de?ned by a start time TS” and an end
`time TE”. TS” and TE” may each be de?ned in the past,
`present, or future, With TE” occurring at or after TS”.
`[0038] In one design, the presence or absence requirement
`PA” for each location criterion may have one of the folloWing
`values:
`[0039] 1. Present for some of the time period With a prob
`ability of at least P”,
`[0040] 2. Present for the entire time period With a probabil
`ity of at least P”,
`
`[0041] 3. Absent for some of the time period With a prob
`ability of at least P”, or
`[0042] 4. Absent for the entire time period With a probabil
`ity of at least P”.
`Probability PM may be any value betWeen 0 and l, or 02PM; l.
`[0043] The location and time criteria in equation (1) com
`bine N individual location and time criteria to obtain an
`overall requirement for a terminal Each location and time
`criterion may be expressed as:
`
`Eq (2)
`LR" IPA" at L" during D",
`Where LR” denotes the n-th location and time criterion.
`[0044] In another design, the location and time criteria may
`be speci?ed as folloWs:
`
`Location time criteriaILTCA LOA LTCB LOB LTCC. .
`,
`
`.
`
`Eq (3)
`
`Where LTCZ. denotes a location and time criterion, for i EA, B,
`
`C, .
`
`.
`
`. , and
`
`[0045] LO,- denotes a logical operation, Which may be a
`logical AND or a logical OR.
`[0046] LTCZ- may be de?ned as shoWn in equation (1). The
`design in equation (3) alloWs multiple location time criteria to
`be combined logically to form more complex location and
`time criteria. The multiple location time criteria may be com
`bined in an arbitrary expression tree, using parenthesis to
`indicate an order of evaluation for each expression.
`[0047] In yet another design, the location and time criteria
`may be speci?ed in a recursive manner as folloWs:
`
`Location time criteria:Expression(i) {binary opera
`tion Expression(j)},
`
`Eq (4)
`
`. } denotes an optional extension, Which may or
`.
`Where { .
`may not be present,
`[0048] Expression( ) denotes {Expression( )binary
`operation Expression( )]>, or {Unary operation Expres
`sion( )]>, or (single location and time criterion),
`[0049] binary operation denotes logical OR, logical
`AND, or some other operation on tWo arguments, and
`[0050] unary operation denotes logical NOT or some
`other operation on one argument.
`The single location and time criterion may be given as shoWn
`in equation (2).
`[0051] To evaluate equation (4), the truth value of each
`single location and time criterion may ?rst be determined as
`either true or false, as described for equation (1). The truth
`values for all single location and time criteria may be com
`bined using the unary and/or binary operations linking them
`to yield a ?nal true or false value for the overall requirement
`in equation (4). A true value for the overall requirement may
`indicate that the location and time criteria for the broadcast
`information are satis?ed. A false value may indicate that the
`location and time criteria are not satis?ed.
`[0052] Location and time criteria for broadcast information
`may also be de?ned in other manners. Location and time
`criteria are described in further detail in commonly assigned
`US. patent application Ser. No. 12/244,654, entitled “LOCA
`TION AND TIME BASED FILTERING OF BROADCAST
`INFORMATION,” ?led Oct. 2, 2008, incorporated by refer
`ence herein.
`[0053] Location and time based ?ltering of broadcast infor
`mation may be illustrated by the folloWing example. In this
`example, a department store in a shopping mall is holding a
`large sale on an upcoming Saturday and Would like to adver
`tise this sale to people Who live nearby, to people Who are
`
`APPLE EXHIBIT 1008
`Page 12 of 21
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`

`US 2010/0151882 A1
`
`Jun. 17, 2010
`
`likely to be present during the sale due to having visited the
`mall on recent previous Saturdays, and to people Who are
`expected to be in the vicinity of the store during sale hours. To
`target these users in an advertisement for the sale, the location
`and time criteria for the broadcast advertisement may be
`given as folloWs:
`
`Location time criteriaILTCA ORLTCB ORLTCC.
`Eq (5)
`[0054] In equation (5), LTCA may de?ne a location and time
`criterion that a terminal (and hence a user) has been present at
`the mall on at least one of three previous Saturdays With a
`probability of at least 50%. This means that the user probably
`visits the mall at least occasionally on Saturdays and may be
`interested in the sales event. LTCB may de?ne a location and
`time criterion that a terminal has been present in the area
`surrounding the mall on each of three previous nights With a
`probability of at least 70%. This makes it likely that the user
`lives near the mall and may have an interest in the sales event.
`LTCC may de?ne a location and time criterion that a terminal
`Will be in the city area containing the mall sometime during
`the sales event With a probability of at least 50%.
`[0055] LTCA in equation (5) may be expressed as folloWs:
`LTCA:(PA1 atLl during D1) OR (PAZ at L2 during D2)
`OR (PA3 at L3 during D3)
`[0056] Where PAl, PA2, PA3rpresent for some of the
`time period With a probability of50%, L1, L2, L3:area of
`the shopping mall, and
`[0057] D1, D2, D3:each of three previous Saturdays,
`e.g., With 9:00 am start time and 6:00 pm end time.
`[0058] LTCB in equation (5) may be expressed as folloWs:
`LTCB:(PAl atLl during D1) AND (PA2 at L2 during
`D2) AND (PA3 at L3 during D3)
`Where PA], PA2, PA3rpresent for the entire time period With
`a probability of 270%,
`[0059] L1, L2, L3:area of the city containing the shop
`ping mall, and
`[0060] D1, D2, D3:each of three consecutive previous
`days, e. g., D1:Monday, D2:Tuesday, D3:Wednesday,
`With midnight start time and 6:00am end time.
`[0061] LTCC in equation (5) may be expressed as folloWs:
`LTCC:(PAl atLl during D1)
`Where PAlrpresent for some of the time period With a prob
`ability of at least 50%,
`[0062] L l:area of the city containing the shopping mall,
`and
`[0063] Dl?he Saturday of the sale event, e.g., 9:00 am
`start time and 6:00 pm end time.
`[0064] The parameters for the LTCA, LTCB, and LTCC
`expressions may be sent in the broadcast metadata for the sale
`advertisement to target potentially interested users. Addi
`tional information such as the type of items on sale, the level
`of price discounts, the credit interest rate, the name of the
`store, etc., may also be included in the broadcast metadata.
`The additional information may enable terminals to ?lter
`based on other user preferences such that the users may be
`alerted only if both the location and time criteria as Well as
`other user preferences are satis?ed.
`[0065] Other examples of ?ltering broadcast information
`based on location and time criteria are described in the afore
`mentioned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/244,654.
`[0066] In an aspect, terminal 110 may periodically record
`its location and maintain a location log in order to support
`
`location and time based ?ltering of broadcast information
`and/or other applications. The location log may also be
`referred to as a location history database, etc. Terminal 110
`may perform location logging such that its battery poWer is
`conserved as much as possible.
`[0067] FIG. 2 shoWs a design of location logging. Terminal
`110 may operate in an idle mode When communication is not
`required and may camp on a serving sector. Terminal 110 may
`be con?gured With a paging cycle of T seconds and speci?c
`paging slots in Which pages can be sent to terminal 110. The
`paging slots are spaced apart by T seconds, Which may be
`con?gurable for terminal 110 and may be set to about 5
`seconds or some other value. While in the idle mode, terminal
`110 may Wake up every T seconds prior to its paging slot,
`listen forpages, and make pilot strength measurements for the
`serving sector and neighbor sectors. Terminal 110 may deter
`mine Whether another sector is more suitable to serve terminal
`110 based on the pilot strength measurements and further in
`accordance With a set of rules speci?ed by a Wireless netWork,
`parameters provided by the serving sector, and/or other infor
`mation. If there is no change in serving sector and no pages,
`then terminal 110 may go back to sleep. OtherWise, if there is
`a change in serving sector, then terminal 110 may register to
`receive pages from the neW serving sector.
`[0068] In one design, terminal 110 may log a sector ID
`Whenever there is a change in serving sector. The sector ID of
`the neW serving sector may be used to determine a coarse
`location estimate for terminal 110. This coarse location esti
`mate may be given by the coverage area of the neW serving
`sector. The sector ID may provide su?icient resolution of user
`location for location and time based ?ltering and other appli
`cations. The sector ID may be readily obtained by terminal
`110 and may be available from normal processing in the idle
`mode to detect for better sectors. Hence, no additional pro
`cessing may be required to obtain the sector ID. Furthermore,
`logging the sector ID only When there is a change in serving
`sector may reduce the number of entries to store in the log,
`Which may reduce memory requirements. This technique for
`logging items only When there is a change is commonly
`knoWn as run-length coding.
`[0069] Terminal 110 may perform paging area registration
`(or location area update) Whenever it moves into a neW paging
`area. Some Wireless netWorks may require terminal 110 to
`register only When leaving a large paging area, Which may
`cover many sectors. Some other Wireless netWorks may
`require registration only When terminal 110 has moved more
`than a threshold distance, i.e., Whether the GPS distance
`betWeen cell toWers is greater than the threshold distance. For
`these Wireless netWorks, ins