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`time, n., int., and conj. : Oxford English Dictionary
`
`Oxford English Dictionary | The definitive record of the English
`language
`time, n., int., and conj.
`/tʌɪm/, U.S.
`/taɪm/
`Pronunciation: Brit.
`
`Forms: eOE tiema (West Saxon, rare), OE tim- (in compounds), OE tima, OE tyma , OE (chiefly late) ME– time,
`lOE–17 tyme, ME teime, ME teme (north.), ME tjme, ME tyne (transmission error), ME 16 teyme, ME 16 tim, ME–
`16 tym, lME tome (transmission error), 15 taym, 15 thyme, 18– tahm (Eng. regional (north-east.)), 18– tahme
`(Eng. regional (north-east.)), 18– toime (Eng. regional (Lancs.) and Irish English); Sc. pre-17 taim, pre-17 tayem,
`pre-17 taym, pre-17 tayme, pre-17 tem, pre-17 teyme, pre-17 thyme, pre-17 tiem, pre-17 tyem, pre-17 tymm, pre-17
`tymme, pre-17 17 tym, pre-17 17– time, pre-17 17– tyme, pre-17 (19– south.) teime, pre-17 19– tim, 19– toime
`(Orkney); also Irish English 18 deem (Wexford), 19– tim (north., in compounds).
`Frequency (in current use):
`Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
`Etymology: Cognate with German regional (Alemannic) zīmə (recorded in written sources as Zimen (neuter) time, time
`of the year, opportune time, opportunity (1556)), Old Icelandic tími (masculine) time, season, occasion, fit or proper
`time, prosperity, Old Swedish time time, period of time, hour, occasion, opportunity, appointed time, appropriate time,
`circumstances of the time (Swedish timme , now chiefly ‘hour’), Old Danish time time, period of time, hour, occasion,
`appropriate time (Danish time , now chiefly ‘hour’), showing a formation < the same Germanic base as TIDE n. with a
`different derivative suffix (ultimately the same Indo-European suffix as probably shown also by e.g. GUM n. , SWIME n.,
`1
`classical Latin sēmen ).
`
`The origin of the shared base of TIME n. and TIDE n. is uncertain and disputed: it is often identified ultimately with the
`same Indo-European base as ancient Greek δαίεσθαι to divide, Sanskrit day- to divide, allot, although a different account
`connects it ultimately with the same Indo-European base as classical Latin diū for a long time, Sanskrit dyūn (in anu
`dyūn throughout the days, all the time), and the second element of Gothic sinteino always; compare also Armenian ti
`age, which may be related (it is normally derived from a reconstructed form which would be an exact parallel for TIDE n.),
`although it is difficult to connect this with either of these Indo-European bases.
`Form history.
`
`In Old English usually a weak masculine (tīma ); in later Old English a strong masculine (tīme ) is also attested. The West Saxon form tiema
`shows a reverse spelling after the monophthongization of ῑe (compare A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. (1959) §300).
`
`In modern Scots the form tim shows an unstressed variant; it is also found in Irish English (northern) in compounds, as e.g. suppertim supper
`time.
`
`Semantic history.
`
`In a number of specific senses probably after similar specific uses of the word for ‘time’ in Latin and in Romance languages.
`
`In sense A. 20 (with reference to weather) probably partly after post-classical Latin tempus (12th cent. in this sense), and partly after Middle
`French temps weather (12th cent. in Old French in this sense).
`
`In senses A. 23 (in prosody) and A. 29 (in music) probably ultimately after classical Latin tempus denoting a unit of length of sound. In uses in
`music at sense A. 26 probably ultimately after similar uses of post-classical Latin tempus (see TEMPUS n.) or Italian tempo (see TEMPO n. ).
`1
`
`
`In sense A. 25 (in grammar) after Middle French temps (14th cent. in this sense) or classical Latin tempus (see TENSE n.).
`
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`In sense A. 30 (in dressage) after French temps (1680 or earlier in this sense).
`
`In Old English largely overlapping in sense with (more common) tīd TIDE n. The two words occasionally occur together, sometimes as
`synonyms; compare:
`
`OE Lambeth Psalter xxxvi. 39 Protector eorum in tempore tribulationis: gescyldnes uel beweriend heora on timan uel on tide
`gedrefednysse.
`OE Note on Six Ages of World (Hatton 113) in A. S. Napier Wulfstan (1883) 312 An yld is geteald of Adame to Noe.., fifte of ðam heregange
`to Cristes gebyrdtiman, sexte of ures drihtnes gebyrdtide to þam ende, þe god ana wat.
`1440 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 494 Tyme, idem quod tyyde [1499 Pynson tyme, whyle, tempus].
`And sometimes with (more or less) clearly distinct senses; compare:
`
`OE Guthlac A 754 Hwæt we þissa wundra gewitan sindon! Eall þas geeodon in ussera tida timan.
`
`OE Judgement Day II 83 Nu þu scealt greotan, tearas geotan, þa hwile tima sy and tid wopes.
`OE Laws: Norðhymbra Preosta Lagu (Corpus Cambr.) xxxvi. 382 Gif preost on gesetne timan tida ne ringe oððe tida ne singe, gebete þæt.
`c1175 ((cid:4265)OE) Ælfric's Homily on Nativity of Christ (Bodl. 343) in A. O. Belfour 12th Cent. Homilies in MS Bodl. 343 (1909) 78 Nes nan timæ
`ne nefræ nane tide, ne nan oðre gesceaft þe he ane ne isceop.
`Compare also time and (also or) tide at Phrases 1h.
`
`In senses A. 18, A. 19 the usual word in Old English and early Middle English is SITHE n.
`1
`
` A. n.
` I. An extent of time.
` * Considered as a period.
` 1.
`
` a. A finite extent or stretch of continued existence, as the interval
`separating two successive events or actions, or the period during which an
`action, condition, or state continues; a finite portion of time (in its infinite
`sense: see sense A. 34a); a period. Frequently with preceding modifying
`adjective, as a long time, a short time, etc.
`
`
`
`OE tr. Defensor Liber Scintillarum (1969) ix. 96 Multi enim se credebant longo tempore uiuere : soðlice hi
`gelyfdon lange timan lybban.
`c1225 ((cid:4265)?c1200) St. Katherine (Bodl. 34) (1981) 159 (MED) He heold on to herien his heaðne maumez wið
`misliche lakes, long time of þe dei.
`a1375 William of Palerne (1867) l. 318 (MED) Þei ful faire han me fostered and fed a long time.
`a1450 ((cid:4265)a1338) R. MANNYNG Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) I. l. 4190 [Caesar] tok his leue..To wende fro þem for
`longe teymes.
`c1450 Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 55 It is a long time gon that no wiht bledde of his blood.
`1516 R. FABYAN New Chron. Eng. VII. 505 Some..were holdyn in for a tyme, to practis & shewe vnto the newe
`how they shuld ordre & guyde the sayd offyces.
`1567 W. PAINTER Palace of Pleasure II. xxix. f. 315 During the time that supper was preparing.
`a1616 SHAKESPEARE Tempest (1623) III. ii. 86 After a little time Ile beate him too.
`1670 SIR S. CROW in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. V. 15 [Hangings] that—for a time—will
`look better to the eye.
`1712 J. ADDISON Spectator No. 475. ¶2 She hopes to be married in a little time.
`1794 A. RADCLIFFE Myst. of Udolpho II. xii. 460 Annette..was absent a considerable time.
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`1833 Philos. Mag. 3 242 If a person inspire deeply, he will be able immediately after to hold breath for a
`time, varying with his health.
`1882 Manufacturer & Builder May 112/3 A jelly-like carbonaceous mineral..was found in a peat bog at
`Scranton, Pa., a short time ago.
`1910 Crimson-White (Univ. Alabama) 6 Oct. 1/3 Then the two teams lined up and scrimmaged for quite a
`time.
`1949 Times 2 May 6/3 This year's tennis championship..is taking an unconscionable time to get into its
`stride.
`1982 I. HAMILTON Robert Lowell xxiv. 430 He hesitated for a time over signing a necessary deed.
`2004 D. LODGE Author, Author II. viii. 186 It was a long time since Henry had worked on the play, and he was
`impatient for rehearsals to begin.
`
` b. A specific period of time.
`
`†(a) An hour. Compare TIDE n. 2. Obs. rare.
`
`
`
`a1325 ((cid:4265)c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 80 His firme kinde dei was a-gon On walkenes turn, wid dai and nigt
`Of foure and twenti time rigt.
`c1390 Castle of Love (Vernon) (1967) l. 1405 (MED) Riht into helle he eode; Fourti tymen [v.r. tymes; Fr.
`ures] þer he wes þo þat he vprisen ches.
`
` (b) A period of time mentioned in certain biblical passages, usually
`understood to be a year.
`Almost entirely in the form a time and times and half a time, this being sometimes used
`hyperbolically to denote an extremely or inordinately long time.
`
`
`
`(cid:4265)c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) (1850) Apoc. xii. 14 She is fed bi tyme, and tymes, and the half of tyme
`[v.r. half a tyme; L. alitur per tempus et tempora et dimidium temporis].
`(cid:4265)c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Dan. xii. 7 For in to tyme, and tymys, and the half of
`tyme [L. in tempus, et tempora, et dimidium temporis].
`1482 CAXTON tr. Higden's Prolicionycion III. iii. f. cxvii He shal greue god almyghties holy people that shal be
`bitaken vnto his hande vnto the tyme and tymes and halfe a tyme that is vnto a yere and two yeres and
`half a yere.
`1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rev. xii. 14 She is norysshed for a tyme, tymes, and halffe a tyme. [Similarly in later
`versions.]
`1584 E. PAGET tr. J. Calvin Harmonie vpon Three Euangelists 643 First he spake thus, the calamitie of the
`church shall endure for a time, times, and halfe a time. But now he reckeneth the thre yeares and sixe
`moneths by dayes.
`1631 B. JONSON Staple of Newes III. ii. 129 in Wks. II The Saints do write, they expect a Prophet, shortly, The
`Prophet Baal, to be sent ouer to them, To calculate a time, and halfe a time, and the whole time,
`according to Naömetry.
`1657 J. ROWLAND tr. J. Johnstone Hist. Constancy of Nature 10 That Woman in the Apocalyps..which had lain
`hidden there for a Time, Times, and Half a time, or 245. yeers.
`1772 G. KILLINGWORTH Paradise Regained 16 The time which their prophecy will continue..is a time, times,
`and an half time, or 1200 days.
`1841 Gospel Mag. Nov. 347 He will wield his sword with terrific violence..causing them to retreat to their
`chambers in sackcloth and ashes until the times and time and half-a-time shall have ended.
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`1905 S. N. HASKELL Story Seer of Patmos iii. 64 A parable of the church history during the time, times, and
`half a time—the three and one half years of the papal supremacy.
`1922 Atlantic Monthly Nov. 591/1 I see a group of Chinese gentlemen..spend ‘time, times and half a time’
`delicately fingering a few jades.
`1984 G. W. BUCHANAN Jesus, King & his Kingdom vi. 203 The ‘time, two times, and half a time’ that took place
`between the defilement and the rededication of the temple.
`
` c. With of or (more commonly) genitive. The space of a specified period of
`time. Esp. after in (also within) indicating a limit of time.
`The premodifying genitive plural is frequently written without an apostrophe.
`
`
`
`c1430 N. LOVE Mirror Blessed Life (Brasenose e.9) (1908) 44 Thou moste abyde the tyme of nyne monthes:
`that is while thou art noȝt perfiȝtly grounded in vertues.
`1450 in Sections Assembly Bk. A Shrewsbury Guild Hall 34 (MED) Un to the tyme that the time of vj yere of
`on apprentice be fully complesched & passed.
`c1565 R. COPLAND Seuen Sorowes Women iii. sig. B.i Would God sayth she that I were vnlaced Or els may
`v
`chaunce with chylde that she go Of .x. wekes tyme.
`1600 C. TOURNEUR Transformed Metamorph. sig. C One day? nay sure a twelue-months time t'will be, Ere
`v
`seriant death will call me at my doore.
`1656 EARL OF MONMOUTH tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso I. xxviii. 77 The Macedonians..thought to have
`sipt up every mans State in less then a months time.
`1693 C. MATHER Diary in Coll. Mass. Hist. Soc. (1911) 7th Ser. VII. 167 A Distemper, which in less than a
`Week's time usually carried off my Neighbours.
`1748 J. WESLEY Wks. (1872) II. 92 There was to begin in an hour's time a famous cockfight.
`1786 P. LOVELASS Law's Disposal Person's Estate (ed. 2) 175 In the time of six days they could not procure any
`other land or place to put in the cattle.
`1843 J. H. INGRAHAM Fanny ix. 27 You shall be in Boston in an hour and a half's time.
`1898 Cosmopolitan July 264/1 Within a year's time Uncle Sam will have five more battleships.
`1904 Collier's 7 May 19/3 (advt.) It costs you but a few minutes time.
`1910 Carpenter Aug. 29/1 A candidate failing to present himself for initiation within the time of four weeks,
`after his initiation fee had been paid in full.
`1946 Harper's Mag. Dec. 555/1 Well sure enough, they wasn't hardly two months' time betwixt the weddin'
`and the funeral.
`2010 Independent on Sunday 27 June (New Review) 5/2 Bikes in 20 years' time will be chainless.
`
` 2.
`
` a. A particular period indicated or characterized in some way, either
`explicitly (usually with of) or by anaphoric reference (as at the time, etc.).
`for the time: see Phrases 3i(a).
`
`peacetime, plague time, war time, etc.: see the first element.
`
`
`
`OE ÆLFRIC Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xx. 194 Hit is awriten be ðam yfelum timan.
`OE WULFSTAN Last Days (Hatton) 134 Wa ðam wifum þe þonne tymað & on þam earmlican timan heora cild
`fedað.
`OE WULFSTAN Outline of Hist. (Hatton) (1957) 155 Æfter þisum fæce gyt gewurðan sceall swa egeslic tima swa
`næfre [corrected in MS from æfre] ær næs.
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`?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1137 On al þis yuele time heold Martin
`abbot his abbotrice XX wintre & half gær & VIII dæis.
`c1325 ((cid:4265)c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 1321 Þe prinse..Þat in time of worre as a lomb is boþe
`mek & milde & in time of pes as leon boþe cruel & wilde.
`1340 Ayenbite (1866) 68 Yef me him zent aduersete, pouerte, ziknesse, dyere time, rayn, druȝþe.
`c1400 ((cid:4265)c1378) LANGLAND Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. X. l. 72 Sithen þe pestilence tyme.
`?a1425 ((cid:4265)c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 59 (MED) In þat tyme þere weren iij heroudes of
`gret name & loos for here crueltee.
`1474 CAXTON tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) II. iv. 53 As the Knyghtes shold kepe y peple in tyme of peas.
`e
`1551 R. ROBINSON in tr. T. More Vtopia sig. ✠v Y old acquayntaunce, that was betwene you and me in the
`v
`e
`time of our childhode.
`1589 T. NASHE To Students in R. Greene Menaphon Epist. sig. **3 Saint Iohns in Cambridge, that at that
`v
`time was..shining so farre aboue all other Houses, Halls, and Hospitalls.
`1665 G. HAVERS tr. P. della Valle Trav. E. India 78 The See of Goa at the time of my being there was not
`finish'd.
`a1680 S. BUTLER Genuine Remains (1759) I. 114 To pass his Times of Recreation In choice and noble
`Conversation.
`1706 Serious Admon. Youth ii. 20 A Man some Years since Executed at Dorchester, whose Legs rotted off
`during the time of his Confinement.
`a1774 A. TUCKER Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. IV. 389 Though the time for them be over, yet Time itself
`is not exhausted.
`1808 SCOTT in Dryden Wks. XV. 379 John Taylor..wrote eighty books, which not only made such sport at the
`time, but were thought worthy of being remitted into a large folio.
`1875 B. JOWETT in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) IV. 233 All times of mental progress are times of confusion.
`1920 Stage Year Bk. 51 Film stock..became scarce, for there was no plant for manufacturing this in Britain at
`the time.
`1991 Christian Sci. Monitor 31 Oct. 16/3 For me, it was a time of simplification, a slow unburdening.
`2010 Searcher Feb. 42/1 Newark siege pieces were produced during the time of the British Civil Wars in the
`mid-17th century.
`
` b. With the. Used in various expressions to indicate the extent to which an
`action, state, etc., takes place, occurs, or endures, or has always been the
`case, as all the time, much of the time, etc.
`
`
`
`1684 L. W. FINCH in L. W. Finch et al. tr. Cornelius Nepos Lives Illustr. Men Ded. sig. a8 He is the Master of
`true Courage, that all the time sedately stemms the Ship.
`1712 R. STEELE Spectator No. 296. (cid:31)7 The Ladies..laugh immoderately all the Time.
`1726 Philos. Trans. 1725 (Royal Soc.) 33 427 We try'd under a double reef'd Mainsail, great Part of the Time.
`1833 A. SUTTON Narr. Mission to Orissa xi. 322 The generality of the people heard well some of the time, and
`some of them all the time.
`1879 Scribner's Monthly July 357/1 The women are occupied much of the time in preparing farinha.
`1923 E. HEMINGWAY Three Stories & Ten Poems 18 Part of the time he talked in D'Ampezzo dialect and
`sometimes in Tyroler German dialect.
`1947 J. VAN DRUTEN Voice of Turtle II. ii. 90 Isn't it funny, to think that all those things, like electricity, were
`there all the time..just waiting to be discovered?
`1969 Guardian 14 Feb. 11/1 Much of the time I feel like death. I am in rather a bad temper.
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`2010 Ultra Fit Apr. 31/1 (heading) You've..looked in the mirror, sucked in your stomach and thought, ‘I wish
`I could look like this all the time.’
`
` 3.
`
` a. Usually with possessive. The period during which a person or thing lives,
`occupies a particular position, is active in a particular sphere, exercises
`influence or dominance, etc.; (sometimes) spec. the lifetime of a person or
`animal. Also: one's lifetime up to the present (esp. in in one's time).
`life's time: see LIFE n. Compounds 4b.
`
`
`
`OE ÆLFRIC Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xxviii. 417 Uton we beon carfulle þæt ure tima mid
`idelnysse ne losie.
`OE ÆLFRIC Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) Pref. 175 His tima ne bið na langsum, for ðan ðe
`godes grama hine fordeð.
`a1225 ((cid:4265)c1200) Vices & Virtues 39 Behoueþ to charite on alle ðines liues time michel embeþanc of þohtes
`and of wordes and of werkes.
`(cid:4265)c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 28 (MED) It was a king bi are dawes, That in his time were gode lawes.
`c1325 ((cid:4265)1307) in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 19 Sum while in ys time he wes a modi
`knyht In huerte.
`1372 in E. Wilson Descriptive Index Lyrics John of Grimestone's Preaching Bk. (1973) 26 To tellen of is time
`neuer no man kan.
`a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894–1988) 286 (MED) I curide in my tyme ij men þat weren in
`aschite of hoot cause.
`c1450 ((cid:4265)a1425) Metrical Paraphr. Old Test. (Selden) l. 12159 (MED) My husband þat heyght Obedias..in his
`tyme to god was trew; now is he ded.
`1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms cii[i]. 15 That a man in his tyme is but as is grasse.
`c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) i. 16 Of this sort euere thyng hes ane tyme.
`1577 in Exch. Rolls Scotl. (1899) XX. 373 In the resyngnatioun, to hymself [and] his wyf, for their tym.
`a1616 SHAKESPEARE As you like It (1623) II. vii. 142 One man in his time playes many parts.
`1657 G. THORNLEY tr. Longus Daphnis & Chloe 55 I am older then Saturn, and the whole time of this Universe.
`1702 C. MATHER Magnalia Christi II. 66/2 In the vast Variety of Business, through which he Raced in his time,
`he met with many and mighty Injuries.
`1775 W. BOUTCHER Treat. Forest-trees vii. 55 The fashions change, and many beautiful plants, as well as other
`things, have been out and in during my time.
`1833 T. CARLYLE in Fraser's Mag. Aug. 133/2 The foul sluggard's comfort: ‘It will last my time’.. . It will last
`thy time: thy worthless sham of an existence.
`1898 Daily News 12 Mar. 6/3 Miss Farren has, indeed, played many parts in her time.
`1901 T. P. OLLASON Mareel 10 I never enjoyed a veesit ta Lerrick sae muckle i' me time.
`1911 R. BROOKE Poems 28 They were dead. They did not know it. They did not know their time was done.
`1978 K. AMIS Jake's Thing (1979) iv. 43 Just put it this way, in my time I've been to bed with well over a
`hundred women.
`2009 P. T. DEUTERMANN Nightwalkers 33 During my time I'd put more than one bad guy away, but so had all
`of us.
`
` b. The orbital period of a celestial object; = PERIOD n. 7b. Now chiefly in
`1
`periodic time n. (a) at PERIODIC adj. and n. Special uses.
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`1764 J. FERGUSON Lect. Select Subj. ii. 21 The squares of the times of their going round are as the cubes of their
`distances from the centers of the circles they describe.
`1850 Elem. Astron. xv. 262 The forces are the masses, and may be found by dividing the cube of the distance
`of a body moving round one of them divided by the square of its time.
`1883 Kansas City Rev. Sci. & Industry Nov. 432 The squares of the times are equal to the cubes of distances.
`It follows then that if we square the periodic time of any planet, we know that the square is equal to the
`cube of its distance from the Sun.
`2008 J. IVIE Knight Well Spent iii. 39 You've lived but a moon's time in this place.
`
` 4. Usually with possessive or of. The period which is contemporary with the life, rule, activity,
`dominance, etc., of a specified person or group of people; (a person's) age, era, or generation. Cf.
`DAY n. 16.
`
` a. In sing.
`
`
`
`OE Laws of Edgar (Nero E.i) IV. ii. 208 Mine þegnas hæbben heora scipe on minum timan, swa hy hæfdon
`on mines fæder.
`lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 654 On his time þa comon togadere heo
`& Oswiu Oswaldes broðor cyningas.
`?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1137 Nu we willen sægen sumdel wat
`belamp on Stephnes kinges time.
`?c1200 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 14429 Fra þatt tatt adam shapenn wass. Anan till noþess time.
`c1325 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 29 Whenne shal þis be? Nouþer in þine tyme ne
`in myne.
`(cid:4265)a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) 3 Esdras ii. 16 In þe tymes of artaxersis king of persis
`writen to hym of þese þat dwelleden in Jude.
`?a1425 in A. Hudson Eng. Wycliffite Serm. (1990) I. 265 Pharisees..weren religious in Cristys tyme.
`1484 CAXTON tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope v. f. cxxxviii Poge of Florence recyteth how in his tyme one
`named Hugh prynce of the medycyns, sawe a catte whiche had two hedes.
`c1510 T. MORE tr. G. F. Pico della Mirandola Lyfe J. Picus in Wks. 3/1 He scrupulously sought out all the
`famous doctours of his time.
`a1568 R. ASCHAM Scholemaster (1570) II. f. 37 Some men of our time,..haue so ouer reached them selues, in
`making trew difference in the poyntes afore rehearsed.
`1625 BACON Ess. (new ed.) 208 A Nobleman..that had the greatest Audits, of any Man in my Time.
`1651 BP. J. TAYLOR Rule & Exercises Holy Dying v. §5. 283 This advice was inserted into the penitential of
`England in the time of Theodore Arch-Bishop of Canterbury.
`1693 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 926 Since his time many Officinals have been fully illustrated in Print.
`1712 R. STEELE Spectator No. 497. (cid:31)2 In the time of Don Sebastian of Portugal.
`1786 A. GIB Καινα και Παλαια: Sacred Contempl. I. V. iv. 65 The singular profligateness of our time.
`1815 WORDSWORTH White Doe of Rylstone I. 5 In great Eliza's golden time.
`1883 Harper's Mag. Oct. 682/2 He wore a white woollen, full-skirted coat, and small-clothes like the
`peasants of the time of Louis XIV.
`1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 504/1 [Albertus Magnus] was the most widely read and most learned man of his time.
`1976 Publishers Weekly 26 Apr. 52/3 Growth..has peaked in our time and now begun a decline.
`2009 S. M. WARREN Nothing but Trouble xi. 193 A coin struck during the time of Constantine the Great, from
`the fourth century AD.
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` b. In pl.
`
`time, n., int., and conj. : Oxford English Dictionary
`
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`(cid:4265)a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) 3 Esdras i. 20 There is not solempnisid such a pasch in
`Irael, fro the times of Samuel [L. a temporibus Samuelis prophetae].
`?c1400 ((cid:4265)c1380) CHAUCER tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) II. met. v. 1345 I wolde þat
`oure tymes sholde turne aȝeyne to þe oolde maneres.
`?a1475 ((cid:4265)?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1871) III. 73 So the yere stode as incorrecte from
`that tyme vn to the tymes of Iulius Cesar.
`c1503 tr. Charter of London in R. Arnold Chron. f. x /2 That they bee not lad by the lawes by which they were
`v
`ledde in the weys holden in the tymes of John and herry Somtyme kynge of englande.
`1600 ABP. G. ABBOT Expos. Prophet Ionah 371 In the times of Herodotus, and Diodorus, the rudera, the ruines
`and desolations of Niniue stood.
`1688 R. HOLME Acad. Armory III. 256 A Maunch or Sleeve of the newest Fashion, being now in use of the
`great Gallants of our times.
`1716 POPE Ess. Homer's Battles in tr. Homer Iliad II. 323 Yet one cannot ascribe this to any Sterility of
`Expression, but to the Genius of his Times, that delighted in those reiterated Verses.
`1732 G. BERKELEY Alciphron I. V. xx. 308 The most ingenious Characterizer of our Times.
`1832 TENNYSON Dream Fair Women vi, in Poems (new ed.) 123 The spacious times of great Elizabeth.
`1845 R. FORD Hand-bk. Travellers in Spain II. ix. 664 Such a saxeous metamorphosis was an old story even
`in skeptical Ovid's times.
`1900 J. HUNEKER Mezzotints Mod. Music i. 35 Brahms is not only the greatest variationist of his times, but
`with Bach and Beethoven the greatest of all times.
`1956 Saturday Bk. 213 Our modern ‘teddies’ are named after their Edwardian clothes—dress in the manner
`of the times of King Edward VII.
`1989 R. WHITING You gotta have Wa (1990) iv. 85 Davis was a product of his times, of America's ‘quest for
`meaning’.
`2010 J. BURBANK & F. COOPER Empires in World Hist. v. 148 Neither the Spanish of Charles's times nor the
`Ottomans of Suleiman's could avoid all the perils of ruling empires.
`
` 5.
`
` a. A particular period in history, or in the existence of the world, the
`universe, etc.; an era, an epoch, an age.
`
`
`
`OE ÆLFRIC Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xii. 110 Þry timan sind on þyssere worulde: Ante
`legem, Sub lege, Sub gratia; þæt is ær æ, under æ, under godes gife. Se tima is ær æ gecweden þe wæs
`fram Adam buton æ oð Moysen; [etc.].
`OE Lambeth Psalter: Canticles vi. 245 Utinam saperent et intelligerent ac nouissima prouiderent : eala þær
`hig hogodon & understodon & þa ændenyhstan timan forescawodon.
`a1225 ((cid:4265)?a1200) MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 3 (MED)
`Aduent..bitocneð þre time: On þe was bi-fore þe olde lage, þe oðer was on þe holde lage, and þe þridde
`was on þe newe lage.
`(cid:4265)a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Eccles. i. 11 But and of tho thingis..that ben aftir to
`come, shal not ben recording anent hem that be to come in the laste time [L. in novissimo].
`1481 Myrrour of Worlde (Caxton) III. xxiii. sig. m8 The most subtyl, and the best spekyng wyth all, that euer
`v
`was lyuynge in erthe, or euer shal be in ony tyme of the world.
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`1535 W. MARSHALL tr. Marsilius of Padua Def. of Peace xi. f. 25 That thynge, whiche is obserued or marked of
`men of many dyuers ages or tymes.
`1560 J. DAUS tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries Apol. sig. NNnv Tully calleth an history the witnes of tymes, and
`light of veritie.
`1632 J. FORBES Serm. 1 Tim. 2:4 30 If euer in any time of the world it was Gods will, that euery perticular man
`should be saued, it must needes be in this time.
`1687 Elegy on Cleveland in J. Cleveland Wks. 285 'Tis your Crime T'upbraid the State-Poeticks of this time.
`1757 JOHNSON Pref. to Rolt's Dict. Comm. in Wks. IX. 422 A time in which..commercial gain was sought with
`such general emulation.
`1765 W. BLACKSTONE Comm. Laws Eng. I. Introd. 96 Sir Edward Coke, and the politicians of that time,
`conceived great difficulties in carrying on the projected union.
`1839 R. DAWES Nix's Mate I. x. 264 There was a time when a true psychology existed,—or rather, when a
`perception of the soul's nature was permitted to man.
`1865 M. E. BRADDON Sir Jasper i. 3 A time in which men wore fantastically frizzed periwigs upon their heads.
`1904 J. S. JONES Seeing Darkly iv. 82 There never has been a time of the world to which this terse and pithy
`sentence of the Hebrew prophet was not applicable.
`1986 D. HOGAN New Shirt ii. 145 He summed up the distress and the philosophy of that time, jazz,
`heroin..and marijuana.
`2009 D. MCKENZIE Time to Speak p. xii He spoke out forcefully during a time when only a handful of white
`Mississippians had the courage to speak out at all.
`
` b. More vaguely: a period of time distinguished (generally by an adjective
`or other modifier) as being in the past, present, or future with reference to
`the present moment. In later use frequently in pl., as ancient times,
`times past (see PAST adj. 2), etc.
`
`
`
`OE Seven Sleepers (Julius) (1994) 53 Hi wæron swa ær geo on ealdum dagum swa ðæt nis nan swa eald man
`þe hi nu on þisne timan mage geþencan oððe ær for fela gearan mihte gemunan swa gefyrn swa hi þine
`yldran wæron.
`OE tr. Defensor Liber Scintillarum (1969) lv. 332 Si qua id est aliqua est presentis temporis lętitia ita est
`agenda ut numquam amaritudo sequentis iudicii recedat a memoria : gif ænig ys andwerdes timan
`bliss swa heo ys to donne þæt næfre biternyss fyligendes domes gewite fram gemynde.
`lOE Writ of Edward the Confessor (Sawyer 1121) in F. E. Harmer Anglo-Saxon Writs (1952) 344 Ic ann þæt
`þridde treow..of æuesan þæs..wudes..se is gemæne swa he onn ældum timum gelegd wæs.
`lOE St. Neot (Vesp.) in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 131 Eala, þu king, mycel scealt þu
`þoligen on þyssen life. On þan towearden time, swa mycele angsumnysse þu gebiden scealt, þæt nan
`mænnisc tunge hit eall asecgen ne mæig.
`a1225 ((cid:4265)c1200) Vices & Virtues 35 All ðis halie mihte hes makede hem swiete...Swa hie doð ȝiet on ðese
`time munekes, kanunekes, ancres, and eremites.
`c1325 ((cid:4265)c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 192 Fram þe biginning of þe world to þe time þat now
`is Seuene ages þer habbeþ ibe.
`1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 53 Hopyng in tyme comyng to haue ben encresyd.
`c1440 tr. R. Rolle Oleum Effusum (Thornton) in G. G. Perry Eng. Prose Treat. (1921) 4 Þay sall Ioye
`nowe..and in tym to come.
`c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 107 Þe paynys þat er ordand..for syn in tyme to com.
`1474 CAXTON tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) III. ii. 88 In tyme passid the philosophres dyde the same.
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`1488 ((cid:4265)c1478) HARY Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) I. l. 6 It has beyne seyne in thir
`tymys bywent.
`1510 R. COPLAND in tr. Kynge Appolyn of Thyre Prol. sig. Ai In tyme past hystoriagraphes dayly
`v
`wrote..of..aduentures and fortunes happy and malfortunate.
`1529 Act 21 Henry VIII c. 16 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 299 The great scarcyte of grayne and vytell at
`this present tyme.
`1532–3 Act 24 Hen. VIII c. 2 In times past [they] haue..bene noted to haue had the most substanciall
`coloured wollen clothes.
`1563 R. REYNOLDS Foundacion of Rhetorike f. xxxviii Worthelie the pictures of Princes, Gouernours and
`Magistrates in auncient tymes doe shewe this.
`1610 P. HOLLAND tr. W. Camden Brit. I. 259 A towne in ancient time of great fame.
`a1616 SHAKESPEARE Macbeth (1623) III. iv. 74 Blood hath bene shed ere now, i' th' olden time.
`1697 DRYDEN tr. Virgil Æneis VIII, in tr. Virgil Wks. 436 In Times to come, My Waves shall wash the Walls of
`mighty Rome.
`1706 Boston News-let. 28 Oct. 4/1 To Issue forth this Proclamation for the better preventing of such
`mischiefs for time to come.
`1766 T. PENNANT Brit. Zool. 26/1 The Maltese little dogs were..much esteemed by the fine ladies of past times.
`1785 W.