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`IPR2017-01819
`NVIDIA v. Polaris
`Polaris Ex. 2001
`
`

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`IEEE Std 100-1996
`
`The IEEE Standard Dictionary of
`Electrical and Electronics Terms
`
`Sixth Edition
`
`Standards Coordinating Committee 10, Terms and Definitions
`Jane Radatz, Chair
`N
`
`This standard is one of a numberof information technology dictionaries being developed by standards
`organizations accredited by the American National Standards Institute. This dictionary was developed
`under the sponsorship of voluntary standards organizations, using a consensus-based process.
`
`ISBN 1-55937-833-6
`
`WiNVIDIAv. Polaris
`
`Polaris Ex. 2001
`
`
`IPR2017-01819
`NVIDIA v. Polaris
`Polaris Ex. 2001
`
`

`

`a
`
`<aa
`
`t
`al
`al
`
`| o
`
`environment. Contrast: corrective maintenance; perfective
`plex features such as private data types, synchronized ren-
`maintenance.
`(C) 610.12-1990
`dezvous for multi-tasking environments, and exception han-
`(2) Modification of a software product performed after deliv-
`dlers. Note: Named after Ada Lovelace, an early pioneer in
`ery to keep a computer program usable in a changed or chang-
`computing. See also: block-structured language, extensible
`ing environment.
`(C/SE) 1219-1992
`language; HAL.
`(C) 610.13-1993
`adaptive routing A routing strategy that dynamically adjusts
`Ada83Theoriginal Ada language standard, approved by ANSI
`path selection based on current network parameters.
`in 1983 and by ISO/IEC in 1987.
`(C/PA) 1003.5b-1995
`(C) 610.7-1995
`Ada I/O The input/output operations defined in Ada RM and
`adaptive system A system that has a means of monitoring its
`further defined in IEEE Std 1003.5b-1995.
`own performance and a meansof varying its own parameters
`(C/PA) 1003.5b-1995
`by closed-loop action to improveits performance. See also:
`Ada95 The 1995 Ada language standard, item 1 in 1.2, used in
`system science.
`(SMC)
`[63]
`contrast to Ada 83.
`(C/PA)
`1003.5b-1995
`ADCSee:analog-to-digital converter.
`adaptability See:flexibility.
`ADCconversion gain The numberof channels over which the
`adaptation (illuminating engineering) The process by which
`full amplitude span can be spread; usually 2048-8192 chan-
`the retina becomes accustomed to moreorless light than it
`nels are used for Ge gamma-ray spectrometry.
`was exposed to during an immediately preceding period.It
`(NI) N42.14-1991
`results in a changein thesensitivity to light. Note: Adaptation
`ADC number A four-character number identifying the ADC
`is also usedto refer to the final state of the process, as reach-
`(analog to digital converter) used for the data. Leading spaces
`ing a condition of adaptationto this or that level of luminance.
`are interpreted as leading zeros. Normally, the ADC numbers
`See also: chromatic adaptation; photopic vision; scotopic vi-
`would start at 1 and go up in sequence for a given system.
`sion.
`(ED)
`[127]
`Different systems in a specific laboratory could use non-se-
`adaptation data Data used to adapt a program to a given in-
`quential numbers, e.g., 1 to 4, and 11 to 14, for different types
`stallation site or to given conditions in its operational envi-
`of equipment.
`(NPS)
`1214-1992
`ronment.
`(C) 610.12-1990
`Adcock antennaA pair of vertical antennas separated bya dis-
`adaptation parameter A variable that is given a specific value
`tance of one-half wavelength or less, and connected in phase
`to adapt a program toagiven installation site or to given
`opposition to produce a radiation pattern having the shape of
`conditions in its operational environment; for example, the
`the figure eightin all planes containing the centers of the two
`variable Installation-Site-Latitude.
`(C) 610.12-1990
`antennas.
`(AP)
`145-1993
`adapter (1) (general) A device for connecting parts that will
`add Toinsert a record into an existing file.
`(C) 610.5-1990
`not mate. An accessory to convert a device to a new or mod-
`add-and-subtractrelay See: bidirectional relay.
`ified use.
`(IM)
`[40]
`added source statements The count of source statements that
`(2) (test, measurement, and diagnostic equipment) A de-
`were created specifically for the software product.
`vice or series of devices designed to provide a compatible
`(C/SE) 1045-1992
`connection between the unit undertest and the test equipment.
`addend A numberto be addedto another number(the augend)
`Mayincludeproperstimuli or loads not containedin the test
`to produce a result (the sum).
`(C) 1084-1986w
`equipment.
`(MIL)
`[2]
`adapter kit (test, measurement, and diagnostic equipment)
`adder(1) A device whoseoutputis a representation of the sum
`A kit containing an assortmentof cables and adapters for use
`of the two or more quantities represented by the inputs. See
`with test or support equipment.
`(MIL)
`[2]
`also:electronic analog computer; half-adder.
`[2], 162-1963w
`(C/MIL)
`adapter, standard A two-port device having standard con-
`(2) A device whose output data is the arithmetic sum of the
`nectors for joining together two waveguides or transmission
`two or more quantities presented as input data. Contrast: sub-
`lines with nonmating standard connectors.
`tracter. See also: adder-subtracter; full adder; half adder; par-
`allel adder; quarter adder; serial adder; summer.
`(C) 610.10-1994
`adder-subtracter A device that acts either as an adder or
`subtracter depending upon the control signal received. Note:
`The adder-subtracter may be constructed so as to yield
`the sum and the difference at the sametime.
`(C) 610.10-1994
`addfile A file containing recordsthat are being addedorare to
`be addedto a masterfile.
`(C) 610.5-1990
`addition agent(electroplating) A substance that, when added
`to an electrolyte, produces a desired changein the structure
`or properties of an electrodeposit, without producing any ap-
`preciable changein the conductivity of the electrolytes, or in
`the activity of the metal ions or hydrogen ions. See also:
`electroplating.
`(EEC/PE)
`[119]
`addition without carry* See: exclusive OR.
`* Deprecated.
`additive A chemical compound or compounds added to anin-
`sulating fluid for the purpose of imparting new properties or
`altering those properties that the fluid already has.
`(PE) 637-1985:
`
`Ada83
`
`14
`
`address
`
`(IM) 474-1973w
`adapter, waveguide (waveguide components) A structure
`used to interconnect two waveguides that differ in size or
`type.If the modesof propagationalso differ, the adapter func-
`tions as a modetransducer.
`(MTT) 147-1979w
`adapting See: self-adapting.
`adaptive antenna system An antenna system having circuit el-
`ements associated with its radiating elements such that one
`or more of the antenna properties are controlled by the re-
`ceived signal.
`(AP)
`145-1993
`adaptive coding The application of two or more image com-
`pression techniquesto a single image, based on properties of
`different parts of the image.
`(C) 610.4-1990
`adaptive colorshift (illuminating engineering) The changein
`the perceived object’s color caused solely by the change of
`the state of chromatic adaptation. See also: state of chromatic
`adaptation.
`(ED)
`[127]
`adaptive control system See: control system, adaptive.
`adaptive equalization (data transmission) A system that has
`a means of monitoring its own frequency response character-
`istics and a means of varying its own parameters by closed-
`loop action to obtain the desired overall frequency response.
`(PE) 599-1985w
`adaptive equalizer An electronic device for maximizing the
`signal quality on a transmission channel by monitoring the
`signal and adjusting the equalization. Synonym: automatic
`equalizer.
`(C) 610.7-1995
`adaptive maintenance (1) (software) Software maintenance
`performed to make a computer program usable in a changed
`
`add-on board See: expansion board.
`add record A record that is to be added orthat has been addec
`to a masterfile. Contrast: deletion record.
`
`(C) 610.5-199¢
`address (1) (semiconductor memory) Those inputs whos:
`states select a particular cell or group ofcells.
`(ERED! 76018480:
`NVIDIA v. Polaris
`Polaris Ex. 2001
`
`IPR2017-01819
`NVIDIA v. Polaris
`Polaris Ex. 2001
`
`

`

`cosecant-squared pattern
`
`228
`
`counting efficiency
`
`cosecant-squared pattern A vertical-plane antenna pattern in
`which the powervaries as the square of the cosecant of the
`elevation angle. The unique property of this pattern is thatit
`causes the echo strength of a target having constant radar
`cross section, moving at constantaltitude, to be independent
`of range.
`(AE) 686-1990w
`cosine-cubedlaw (illuminating engineering) An extension of
`the cosine law in which the distance d between the source
`and surface is replaced by h/cos®, where A is the perpendic-
`ular distance of the source from the plane in which the point
`is located.It is expressed by E=(I cos?6)/h?. (See figure be-
`low.) See also: cosine law.
`
`vabipere
`
`cosine-cubed law
`
` count-down (transponder) Theratio of the number ofinter-
`rogation pulses not answered to the total numberofinterro-
`gation pulses received.
`(AE)
`[42], 686-1982:
`counter (1) (test, measurement, and diagnostic equipment
`(A) A device such as a register or storage location used tc
`represent the numberof occurrences of an event. (B) An in-
`strument for storing integers, permitting these integers to b=
`increased or decreased sequentially by unity or by an arbitran
`integer, and capable of being reset to zero or to an arbitran
`integer.
`(MIL)
`[2
`(2) (software) A variable used to record the numberofoc-
`currencesof a given event during the execution of a compute:
`program; for example, a variable that records the number 0:
`times a loop is executed.
`(C) 610.12-199¢
`(3) (A) A device with a finite numberof states each of whic=
`represents a number which, upon receipt of an appropriat=
`signal, can be incremented or decremented by a given con-
`stant. Note: The device may be capable of being set to =
`particular state such as zero. See also: keystroke counter;lin=
`counter; modulo-n counter; reversible counter. (B) A registe=
`or storage location used to accumulate the numberof occur-
`rences of some event. See also: program counter.
`(C) 610.10-199-
`counter beam system Tunnel lighting system or luminaires
`having a light distribution that is greater in the opposite di-
`rection of travel.
`(RL) C136.27-199¢
`counter cells See: counter-electromotive-force cells.
`
`(EEC/IE)
`cosine emission law See: Lambert’s cosine law.
`
`[126]
`
`counter electromotive force (any system) The effective elec-
`tromotive force within the system that opposes the passag=
`of current in a specified direction.
`(EEC/PE)
`[119
`counter-electromotive-force cells (counter cells) Cells o:
`practically no ampere-hour capability used to oppose the bat-
`tery voltage. See also: battery.
`(EEC/PE)
`[119]
`counter-mounted cooking unit A cooking appliance designec
`for mounting in or on a counter and consisting of one or mor=
`heating elements, internal wiring, and build-in or separatels
`mountable controls. See also: wall-mounted oven.
`[86
`(NEC/NESC)
`counterpoise (1) A system of conductors, elevated above anc
`insulated from the ground, forming a lower system of con-
`ductors of an antenna. Note: The purpose of a counterpois=
`is to providea relatively high capacitance andthusa relativel;
`low impedancepath to earth. The counterpoise is sometimes
`used in medium- and low-frequency applications where =
`would be more difficult to provide an effective ground con-
`nection.
`(AP) 145-199:
`(2) A conductor or system of conductors arranged beneath the
`line; located on, above, or most frequently below the surface
`of the earth; and connected to the grounding system of the
`towers or poles supporting the line
`(PE/PSPD) 81-1983, C62.23-1995
`(3) See also: ground grid.
`(PE/T&D) 524-1997
`counter, radiation See: radiation counter.
`counter tube (radiation counters) A device that reacts to in-
`dividual ionizing events, thus enabling them to be counted
`(A) (externally quenched). A radiation-counter tube that re-
`quires the use of an external quenchingcircuit to inhibit reig-
`nition. (B) (gas-filled, radiation). A gas tube used for detec-
`tion of radiation by meansof gas ionization. (C) (gas-flow
`A radiation-counter tube in which an appropriate atmosphere
`is maintained by a flow of gas through the tube. (D) (Geiger-
`Mueller). A radiation-counter tube operated in the Geiger-
`Mueller region. (E) (proportional). A radiation-counter tube
`operated in the proportional region. (F) (self-quenched). A
`radiation-counter tube in which reignition of the discharge is
`inhibited by internal processes. See also: anticoincidence.
`(ED/NPS) 161-1971w, 309-1970:
`counting channel (liquid-scintillation counting) A region o:
`the pulse-height spectrum that is defined by upper and lowe:
`boundaries set by discriminators.
`(NI) N42.15-199¢
`countingefficiency (1) (radiation counfereypes)dpepyerage
`fraction of the numberofionizing payigigy ArAysBia feciden:
`Polaris Ex. 2001
`
`
`cosine law (illuminating engineering) A law stating that the
`illuminance on any surface varies as the cosine of the angle
`of incidence. The angle of incidence @ is the angle between
`the normal to the surface and the direction of the incident
`light. The inverse-square law and the cosine law can be com-
`bined as E=(Icos®)/d. See also: inverse-square law.
`[126]
`(EEC/IE)
`cosmic noise (radio-wave propagation) Noise-like radio
`wavesoriginating from extragalactic sources.
`(AP) 211-1990
`
`cosmic radio waves See: cosmic noise.
`COSROSee: conical-scan-on-receive-only.
`costate The state of the adjoint system. See also: control system.
`(CS/IM)
`[120]
`cost of incrementalfuel (electric power system) Theultimate
`replacementcost of the fuel that would be consumedto supply
`an additional increment of generation (usually expressed in
`cents per million British thermal units).
`(PE) 94-1970w
`costs (power operations) Monies associated with investmentor
`use ofelectrical plant. See also: fixed investmentcosts.
`(PE) 858-1987s
`
`COSUSee:central office service unit.
`COTSSee: commercial-off-the-shelf.
`
`coulomb The unit of electric charge in SI units (International
`System of Units). The coulomb is the quantity of electric
`charge that passes any cross section of a conductor in one
`second when the current is maintained constant at one am-
`pere.
`(Std100) 270-1966w
`Coulomb’s law (electrostatic attraction) The force of repul-
`sion between two like charges of electricity concentrated at
`two points in an isotropic medium is proportionalto the prod-
`uct of their magnitudes and inversely proportional to the
`square of the distance between them andtothe dielectric con-
`stant of the medium. Note: The force between unlike charges
`is an attraction.
`(Std100) 270-1966w
`coulometer (voltameter) An electrolytic cell arranged for the
`measurementof a quantity of electricity by the chemical ac-
`tion produced. See also: electricity meter.
`
`3:[119]
`(EEC/PE)
`count (radiation counters) A single response of the counting
`, system. See also: scintillation counter; tube count.
`(ED/NPS) 161-1971w, 309-1970r, 398-1972r
`
`IPR2017-01819
`NVIDIA v. Polaris
`Polaris Ex. 2001
`
`