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`
`FIFTH EDITION
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 1/5
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 1/5
`
`

`

` The
`
`Illustrated
`Dictionary of
`Electronics
`
`Fifth Edition
`
`Rufus P. Turner
`Stan Gibilisco
`
`McGraw-Hill, Inc.
`New York St.Louis San Francisco Auckland Bogota Caracas
`Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi
`Paris SanJuan Sao Paulo Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 2/5
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 2/5
`
`

`

`
`
`FIFTH EDITION
`THIRD PRINTING
`
`© 1991 by McGraw-Hill, Inc.
`
`Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. The publisher takes no
`responsibility for the use of any of the materials or methods describedin this book,
`nor for the products thereof.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`
`Turner, Rufus P.
`Theillustrated dictionary of electronics / by Rufus P. Turner and
`Stan Gibilisco.
`p.
`cm.
`ISBN 0-8306-3345-6 (pbk.)
`ISBN 0-8306-7345-8
`1. Electronics—Dictionaries.
`I. Gibilisco, Stan.
`II. Title.
`TK7804.T87 1990
`621.381'03—dc20
`
`90-22674
`CIP
`
`For information about other McGraw-Hill materials, call 1-800-2-MCGRAWin the
`U.S.In othercountries call your nearest McGraw-Hilloffice.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Roland S. Phelps
`Technical Editor: Lisa A. Doyle
`Director of Production: Katherine G. Brown
`Book Design: Lisa A. Doyle and Jaclyn J. Boone
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 3/5
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 3/5
`
`

`

`
`
`Celsius scale
`
`* ceramet seal
`
`ABSOLUTE SCALE, FAHRENHEIT SCALE(see conversion
`table in appendix B).
`cent An audio-frequency interval of “oo. of a half step. A
`half step is the frequencydifference between two imme-
`diately adjacent keys on a piano.
`center-fed antenna An antenna in which the feeders are
`connected to the center of the radiator.
`center feed
`1. Attaching a feeder or transmissionline to the
`center of the radiator of an antenna. 2. Connection of
`signal-input terminals to the center ofa coil. 3. Descrip-
`tive of paper tape whose feed holes are aligned with
`character hole centers. Compare ADVANCE FEED TAPE.
`center frequency
`1. The frequency, in a communications
`receiver, that is midway between the lower and upper 3
`dB attenuation points. 2. The average frequency of a
`modulated carrier. 3. The carrier frequency of a modu-
`lated signal.
`In an oscilloscope circuit, a potentiome-
`centering control
`ter used to position the image on the screen (particularly
`in the center). Separate controls are provided for hori-
`zontal and vertical centering.
`center loading
`In a coil-loaded antenna, placement of the
`loadingcoil at the center ofthe radiatorrather than at the
`(more common position) base of the radiator.
`the
`center of beam 1. In a directional antenna system,
`direction, denoted by a straight ray, where the signal
`strength or response is the greatest. 2. In a beam ofvisible
`light, the geometric center of the spot produced when the
`beam strikes a surface perpendicular to the beam. 3. In a
`beam ofvisible light, the axis within the beam where the
`intensity is greatest.
`center of channel The frequency that is midway between
`the lowest and highest frequency components of a com-
`munications channel.
`center of gravity The point on, or in, an object about
`which the object balances in a gravitational field.
`center of mass
`1. The center of gravity. 2. The center of
`rotation in an orbiting system of objects.
`center of radiation The point from which the energy ra-
`diated by an object appears to arrive.
`center tap A connection madeto the centermost turn of a
`coil or to the center-value pointofa resistor, filament, or
`capacitorpair.
`In a radiotelegraph transmitter, opera-
`center-tap keying
`tion of a key (or keying relay) between ground and the
`center tap of the secondary ofthe transformer supplying
`filament powerto the keyed stage.
`center-tapped coil See CENTER-TAPPED WINDING.
`center-tapped filament A tube or lampfilament having a
`tap at its center,
`center-tapped inductor An inductor havinga tap at half the
`total inductance.
`center-tapped potentiometer A potentiometer having a tap
`at half the total resistance of the resistance element.
`center-tapped resistor A fixed resistor having a tap at half
`the total resistance.
`center-tapped transformer A transformer having one or
`more center-tapped windings.
`
`center-tapped winding A winding having a tap at half the
`total numberofturns.
`
`CENTER-TAPPED WINDING
`
`In three-frequency alignment
`center tracking frequency
`(tracking) of a circuit, the frequency between the upper
`and lowerfrequencylimits (alignment or tracking points
`ofthe circuit).
`center wire
`Thestraight wire cathode in a gaseous voltage-
`regulator tube or Geiger-Mueller tube.
`center-zero meter A meter having its zero point at the
`center ofthe scale,e.g., a dc galvanometer.
`centi Prefix meaning HUNDREDTH(s) (10~?). Abbreviation,
`c.
`centigrade scale CELSIUS SCALE.
`centimeter Abbreviation, cm. A unit of length equal to
`107? meter, or 0.3937 inch.
`cgs. The
`centimeter-gram-second system Abbreviation,
`now-little-used system of units in which the centimeteris
`the unit of length; the gram, mass; and the mean solar
`second,time. Electrical units in the cgs system fall into
`two categories: ELECTROSTATIC and ELECTROMAG-
`NETIC. The names ofcgs electrostatic units have the
`prefix sTAT (€.g.,
`STATAMPERE, STATVOLT,
`€tc.). Cgs
`electromagnetic units have the prefix AB (e.g., ABAM-
`PERE, ABVOLT,etc.).
`centimeter waves See MICROWAVES.
`centipoise A cgs measure of the dynamicviscosity ofliq-
`uids equal to 10~? poise.
`central processing unit
`In a digital computer, the section
`containing the arithmetic andlogic, control, and internal
`memory units. Also called central processor.
`Central Radio Propagation Laboratory A governmentlab-
`oratory that studies radio propagation andcollects, corre-
`lates, and analyzes data for predicting propagation con-
`ditions. The organization also studies methods of
`measuring propagation.
`centrifugal force The force that urges the mass ofa rotating
`body away from the axis of rotation. Compare CENTRIP-
`ETAL FORCE.
`Anelectric potential that occurs in
`centrifugation potential
`a colloidal solution when the solution is centrifuged.
`centrifugal switch A switch actuated by centrifugal force,
`e.g., the automatic disconnection switch in a capacitor
`motor.
`centripetal force The force which draws the massof a ro-
`tating body toward the axis of rotation. Compare CEN-
`TRIFUGAL FORCE.
`Ceracircuit A form of hybrid integrated circuit perfected
`by the Sprague Company.
`ceramal See CERMET.
`ceramet seal See CERAMIC-TO-METALSEAL.
`
`94
`
`ceramic-based
`ited on a¢
`ceramic capac
`tric such :
`capacitors
`ceramic diele:
`pacitors. I
`titante,
`ti!
`high diele:
`tor. Exam
`ceramic filter
`employing
`ceramic magr
`ceramic n
`iron oxide
`ceramic micri
`PIEZOELE]
`impulses.
`ceramic piez
`electric cc
`ramic m
`transduce
`ZOELECTI
`ceramic resis
`age-deper
`coefficien
`available)
`ceramics
`1.
`insulator:
`nium di
`science a)
`ceramic-to-n
`bodies ar
`lead toa
`leak-proc
`ceramic trar
`PIEZOELE
`and vibr
`ceramic tube
`a cerami:
`tube offe
`Cerenkov re
`material
`speed is
`material.
`Cerenkov r
`radio-fre
`through
`ceresin wax
`ozocerite
`moisture
`cerium Sy!
`group. A
`cerium met:
`earth gri
`praseody
`cermet Ar
`nickel, a
`
`OLYMPUS etal. EX. 1018 - 4/5
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 4/5
`
`

`

`: the force F of
`ctric charges Q
`the charges (or
`versely propor-
`a them:
`
`counterpoise ground system ° crest value
`
`coupling probe A usually short, straight wire or pin pro-
`counterpoise ground system A counterpoise with a radius
`truding into a waveguide to couple microwave energy
`such that resonance is obtained with a '4-wavelength
`electrostatically into the latter, somewhat in the manner
`antenna operated at a height of more than ‘4 wavelength
`of an antenna.
`above actual ground. Usually such a system consists of
`coupling transformer A transformer employed primarily to
`three or four radials measuring “4 wavelength each and
`transfer ac energy electromagnetically into or out of a
`extending outward from the base of the antenna nearly
`circuit.
`parallel to the average terrain.
`In a crystal, the binding forces re-
`covalent binding forces
`counter tube
`1. A tube, such as the Geiger-Meuller tube, in
`which a penetrating radioactive particle ionizes a gas and
`sulting from the sharing of valence electrons by neigh-
`boring atoms.
`produces an outputpulse. 2. A flip-flop tube. 3. A tube
`covalent bonding The binding together of the atoms of a
`operated so that it delivers one or more output pulses
`material as a result of shared electrons or holes.
`after receiving a certain numberofinput pulses.
`coverage
`1. The area within which a broadcast or commu-
`counter voltage See BACK VOLTAGE and KICKBACK.
`nication station can be reliably heard. 2. The shielding
`counting-type frequency meter A direct-reading analog or
`effectiveness of a coaxial cable.
`digital frequency meter which indicates the number of
`coversed sine Abbreviation, covers. The trigonometric
`pulses (or cycles) per second applied to it.
`functional equivalent of the versed sine of the comple-
`count-remaining
`technique See COMPLEMENT-SETTING
`TECHNIQUE.
`mentof an angle,i.e., the difference between the sine of
`an angle and unity (1): covers a=1 sin a. Also see
`couple
`Twodissimilar metals in contact with each other or
`VERSEDSINE.
`immersed in anelectrolyte.
`CP Abbreviation of chemically pure.
`coupled circuits Circuits between which energy is trans-
`cp
`1. Abbreviation of CANDLE POWER. 2. Abbreviation of
`ferred electrostatically, electromagnetically, by some
`combination of the two, or by direct connection.
`central processor.
`lip-flops, which
`coupled impedance The impedance whicha circuit “sees”.
`Cp, Symbol
`for PLATE-CATHODE CAPACITANCE of a
`plied to it and
`tube.
`when it is coupled to another circuit. Thus, when the
`as. 2. A mecha-
`C power supply See c BIAS SUPPLY.
`secondary ofa transformeris terminated with an imped-
`idicator, which
`ance, the primary sees a combination of that impedance
`cps
`1. Abbreviation of CYCLES PER SECOND. (Cycles per
`oplied to it and
`and its own.
`second, to denote ac frequency, has been supplanted by
`ng circuit, such
`coupler A device for transferring energy between twocir-
`HERTZ). 2. Abbreviation of characters per second.
`responds to se-
`CPU Abbreviation of CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT.
`cuits and employing capacitive coupling, direct coupling,
`ng one output
`inductive coupling, or some combination ofthese.
`CQAgeneral call signal used in radio communication,
`input pulses. 4.
`coupling The linking of two circuits or devices by electro-
`especially by amateurstations, to invite a response from
`or emf,
`static lines of force (electrostatic, or capacitve, coupling)
`tion to the left
`any station that hears it.
`.
`or electromagnetic lines of force (electromagnetic, or in-
`Cr Symbol for cHRoMIUM.
`ductive, coupling), or by direct connection (direct coup-
`cracked-carbon resistor A high-stability resistor in which
`ling) for the purpose oftransferring energy from one to
`the resistance material is particulate carbon.
`the other. Also see CAPACITIVE COUPLING, COEFFICIENT
`cradle guard See GUARD WIRE.
`OF COUPLING, DIRECT COUPLING,
`INDUCTIVE COUP-
`cradlephone A telephone in which the microphone and
`LING, MUTUAL INDUCTANCE.
`earphone are mounted on opposite ends of a handle
`which rests on the crossmemberof a stand connected to
`coupling aperture A hole in a waveguide that is employed
`for the purpose of transmitting energy to the waveguide,
`a base containing the bells and dial. Also called French
`or receiving energy from outside the waveguide.
`phone, French telephone, and handset.
`crate A foundation unit into which modules are plugged to
`coupling capacitor A capacitor employed to conduct ac
`establish a circuit.
`energy from onecircuit to another. A/so see CAPACTIVE
`COUPLING.
`crater lamp A glow-discharge tube whose light-emitting el-
`+See COEFFICIENT OF COUPLING,
`coupling coefficient
`ementis a crater instead of the usual plate.
`coupling diode A semiconductor diode connected between
`crawl
`1. See CREEPING COMPONENT.2. Thecredits (names
`the stages of a direct-coupled amplifier. Correctly poled it
`of staff and their contribution to content) superimposed
`acts as a high resistance between the stages whenthere is
`and movingusually vertically on a TV picture at the end
`of a program.
`no signal and, hence does not pass the high dc operating
`voltage from one stage to the next. When a signal
`is
`crazing The formation oftiny cracks in materials, particu-
`present, however, the diode resistance decreases and the
`larly in such dielectrics as plastic and ceramic.
`creep See COLD FLOW.
`signal gets through.
`coupling efficiency A measure of the effectiveness of a
`creepage Current leakage across the surface of a dielectric.
`coupling system, i.e., the degree to which it delivers an
`creeping component A quantity, such as current, voltage,
`undistorted signal of correct amplitude and phase.
`or frequency, which slowly changesin value with time.
`crest factor See AMPLITUDE FACTOR.
`coupling loop
`1. A usually one-turn coil constituting one
`wind of a coupling transformer. 2. A small loop inserted
`crest value The maximum amplitude of a composite cur-
`rent or voltage.
`into a waveguide to induce a microwave energy intoit.
`
`2ments in cou-
`lative count of
`ag current with
`
`a counting sys-
`ty counter. 3, A
`cuction or sub-
`d (by increasing
`1a FOR-NEXT
`
`s remaining be-
`: showing time
`
`ically polarized
`ir rotates coun-
`of propagation.
`
`ion orscintilla-
`la rays.
`to counteract a
`
`BACK.
`uch as a Geiger
`dioactive parti-
`nent.
`ing cross mod-
`e cathoderesis-
`but not for AF.
`ulation accord-
`ilate the carrier
`dosite phase to
`
`und by using a
`o the ground or
`d is usually at
`f the feed-point
`
`131
`
`
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 5/5
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 5/5
`
`