FIFTH EDITION
`
`OCSmBGm_.lS.&DHENRUT.P.SUFUDH
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 -1I5
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 1/5
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`

`

` The
`
`Illustrated
`Dictionary of
`Electronics
`
`Fifth Edition
`
`Rufus P. Turner
`Stan Gibilisco
`
`McGraw-Hill, Inc.
`New York St. Louis San Francisco Auckland Bogota' Caracas
`Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi
`Paris San Juan
`$50 Paulo Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronlo
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 2/5
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 2/5
`
`

`

`
`
`FIFTH EDITION
`THIRD PRINTING
`
`© 1991 by McGraw-Hill, Inc.
`
`Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. The publisher takes no
`responsibility for the use of any of the materials or methods described in this book,
`nor for the products thereof.
`
`Library of Congress Cntalogingnin-Publication Data
`
`Turner, Rufus P.
`The illustrated dictionary of electronics I by Rufus P. Turner and
`Stan Gibilisco.
`p.
`cm.
`ISBI\1 0-8306-3345-6 (pbk.)
`ISBN 0-8306—7345-8
`1. Electronics—Dictionaries.
`I. Gibilisco, Stan.
`11. Title,
`TK7804.T87 1990
`621.381'03—dc20
`
`90-22674
`CIP
`
`For information about other McGraw-I-Iill materials, call 1~800-2-MCGRAW in the
`U.S. In other countries call your nearest McGraw-Hill office.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Roland S. Phelps
`Technical Editor: Lisa A, Doyle
`Director of Production: Katherine G. Brown
`Book Design: Lisa A. Doyle and Jaclyn J. Boone
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 3/5
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`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 3/5
`
`

`

`
`
`Celsius scale
`
`- ceramet seal
`
`ABSOLUTE SCALE, FAHRENHEIT SCALE (see conversion
`table in appendix B).
`cent An audio-frequency interval of 'lmo. of a half step. A
`half step is the frequency difference between two imme-
`diately adjacent keys on a piano.
`center-fed antenna An antenna in which the feeders are
`connected to the center of the radiator.
`center feed
`1. Attaching a feeder or transmission line to the
`center of the radiator of an antenna. 2. Connection of
`signal-input terminals to the center of a coil. 3. Descrip-
`tive of paper tape whose feed holes are aligned with
`character hole centers. Compare ADVANCE FEED TAPE.
`center frequency
`1. The frequency, in a communications
`receiver, that is midway between the lower and upper 3
`dB attenuation points. 2. The average frequency of a
`modulated carrier. 3. The carrier frequency of a modu—
`lated signal.
`In an oscilloscope circuit, a potentiome-
`centering control
`ter used to position the image on the sereen (particularly
`in the center). Separate controls are provided for hori-
`zontal and vertical centering.
`center loading In a coil-loaded antenna, placement of the
`loading coil at the center of the radiator rather than at the
`(more common position) base of the radiator.
`the
`center of beam 1. In a directional antenna system,
`direction, denoted by a straight ray, where the signal
`strength or response is the greatest. 2. In a beam of visible
`light, the geometric center of the spot produced when the
`beam strikes a surface perpendicular to the beam. 3. in a
`beam of visible light, the axis within the beam where the
`intensity is greatest.
`center of channel The frequency that is midway between
`the lowest and highest frequency components of a com-
`munications channel.
`center of gravity The point on, or in, an object about
`which the object balances in a gravitational field.
`center of mass
`1. The center of gravity. 2. The center of
`rotation in an orbiting system of objects.
`center of radiation The point from which the energy ra—
`diated by an object appears to arrive.
`center tap A connection made to the centermost turn of a
`coil or to the center-value point of a resistor, filament, or
`capacitor pair.
`In a radiotelegraph transmitter, opera-
`center-tap keying
`tion of a key (or keying relay) between ground and the
`center tap of the secondary of the transformer supplying
`filament power to the keyed stage.
`center-tapped coil See CENTER-TAPPED WINDING.
`center-tapped filament A tube or lamp filament having a
`tap at its center.
`center-tapped inductor An inductor having atap at half the
`total inductance.
`center-tapped potentiometer A potentiometer having a tap
`at half the total resistance of the resistance element.
`center-tapped resistor A fixed resistor having a tap at half
`the total resistance.
`center-tapped transformer A transformer having one or
`more center-tapped windings.
`
`center-tapped winding A winding having a tap at half the
`total number of turns.
`
`CENTEFlvTAPPED WINDING
`
`In three-frequency alignment
`center tracking frequency
`(tracking) of a circuit, the frequency between the upper
`and lower frequency limits (alignment or tracking points
`of the circuit).
`center wire The straight wire cathode in a gaseous voltage-
`regulator tube or Geiger-Mueller tube.
`center-zero meter A meter having its zero point at the
`center of the scale, e.g., a dc galvanometer.
`centi Prefix meaning HUNDREDTH(S) (10’1). Abbreviation,
`c.
`centigrade scale CELSIUS SCALE.
`centimeter Abbreviation, cm. A unit of length equal to
`10‘: meter, or 0.3937 inch.
`cgs. The
`centimeter-gram-second system Abbreviation,
`now-little—used system of units in which the centimeter is
`the unit of length; the gram, mass; and the mean solar
`second, time. Electrical units in the cgs system fall into
`two categories: ELECTROSTATIC and ELECTROMAG-
`NETIC. The names of cgs electrostatic units have the
`prefix STAT (cg, srArAMPanE, STATVOLT, etc.). Cgs
`electromagnetic units have the prefix AB (cg, AaAM-
`PERE, ABVOLT, etc.).
`centimeter waves See Mtcnowiwns.
`centipoise A cgs measure of the dynamic viscosity of liq-
`uids equal to 10‘2 poise.
`central processing unit
`In a digital computer, the section
`containing the arithmetic and logic, control, and internal
`memory units. Also called central processor.
`Central Radio Propagation laboratory A government lab-
`oratory that studies radio propagation and collects, corre-
`lates, and analyzes data for predicting propagation con-
`ditions. The organization also studies methods of
`measuring propagation.
`centrifugal force The force that urges the mass of a rotating
`body away from the axis of rotation. Compare CENTRIP-
`nrAL FORCE.
`centrifugation potential An electric potential that occurs in
`a colloidal solution when the solution is centrifuged.
`centrifugal switch A switch actuated by centrifugal force,
`e.g., the automatic disconnection switch in a capacitor
`motor.
`centripetal force The force which draws the mass of a ro-
`tating body toward the axis of rotation. Compare CEN-
`TRIFUGAL FORCE.
`Ceracircuit A form of hybrid integrated circuit perfected
`by the Sprague Company.
`caramel See CERMET.
`ceramet seal See CERAMIC-TO-METAL SEAL.
`
`94
`
`ceramic-based
`ited on a r
`ceramic expat
`tric such :
`capacitors
`ceramic dielet
`pacitors. l
`titante,
`til
`high dielel
`tor. Exam
`ceramic filter
`employing
`ceramic magr
`ceramic 11
`iron oxide
`ceramic mich
`PIEZOELEI
`impulses.
`ceramic piezi
`electric Cl
`ramic rn‘
`transduce
`ZOELECTI
`ceramic resis
`age-deper
`coeliicien
`available)
`ceramics
`1.
`insulators
`nium din
`science a!
`ceramic-to-n
`bodies ar
`lead to a
`leak-proc
`ceramic t‘rar
`PIEZOELI
`and vibn
`ceramic tubt
`a ceramir
`tube ofi‘e
`Cerenkov rt
`
`Cerenkov rt
`radio-fre
`through
`ceresin wax
`ozoccritr
`moisture
`cerium Syt
`group. A
`cerium met.-
`earth gn
`massed:
`cermet Ar
`nickel, a
`
`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 4/5
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`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 4/5
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`

`

`. the force F of
`ctric charges Q
`the charges (or
`Jerser propor-
`n them:
`
`ements in con-
`lative count of
`ng current With
`
`a coanting sys-
`ty counter. 3. A
`faction or sub-
`d (by increasing
`I a FOR-NEXT
`
`5 remaining be-
`: showing time
`
`lip-flops, which
`plied to it and
`:s. 2. A mecha-
`.dicator, which
`splied to it and
`ng circuit, such
`responds to se-
`ng one output
`input pulses. 4.
`er emf.
`lion to the left
`
`[caliy polarized
`ll' rotates coun-
`of propagation.
`
`ion or scintilla-
`ra rays.
`to counteract a
`
`BACK.
`uch as a Geiger
`dioactive parti-
`nent.
`.ing cross mod-
`8 cathode resis-
`but not for AF.
`ulation accord-
`ilate the carrier
`)osite phase to
`
`und by using a
`o the ground or
`d is usually at
`fthe feed-point
`
`counterpoise ground system A counterpoise with a radius
`such that resonance is obtained with a. Vewavelength
`antenna operated at a height of more than ‘14 wavelength
`above actual ground. Usually such a system consists of
`three or four radials measuring '14 wavelength each and
`extending outward from the base of the antenna nearly
`parallel to the average tenain.
`counter tube
`1. A tube, such as the Geiger-Meuller tube, in
`which a penetrating radioactive Pamela iouizes a gas and
`produces an output pulse. 2. A flip-flop tube. 3. A tube
`operated so that it delivers one or more output pulses
`after receiving a certain number of input pulses.
`counter voltage See BACK VOLTAGE and KICKBACK.
`counting-type frequency meter A direct-reading analog or
`digital frequency meter which indicates the number of
`pulses (or cycles) per second applied to it.
`count-remaining
`technique See
`COMPLEMENT—SETTING
`TECHNIQUE.
`couple Two dissimilar metals in contact with each other or
`immersed in an electrolyte.
`coupled circuits Circuits between which energy is trans-
`ferred electrostatically, electromagnetically, by some
`combination of the two, or by direct connection.
`coupled impedance The impedance which a circuit “sees”.
`when it is coupled to another circuit. Thus, when the
`secondary of a transformer is terminated with an imped—
`ance, the primary sees a combination of that impedance
`and its own.
`coupler A device fur transferring energy between two cir-
`cuits and employing capacitive coupling, direct coupling,
`inductive coupling, or some combination of these.
`coupling The linking of two circuits or devices by electrd
`static lines of force (electrostatic, or capacirve, coupling)
`or electromagnetic lines of force (electromagnetic, or in-
`ductive, coupling), or by direct connection (direct coup-
`ling) for the purpose of transferring energy from one to
`the other. Also see CAPACITIVE COUPLING, COEFFICIENT
`or COUPLING, DIRECT COUPLING,
`INDUCTIVE COUP-
`LING, MUTUAL INDUCTANCE.
`coupling aperture A hole in a waveguide that is employed
`for the purpose of transmitting energy to the waveguide,
`or receiving energy from outside the waveguide.
`coupling capacitor A capacitor employed to conduct ac
`energy from one circuit to another. Also see CAPACrIVE
`COUPLING.
`coupling coefficient See COEFFICIENT or COUPLrNG.
`coupling diode A semiconductor diode connected between
`the stages Of a direct-coupled amplifier. Correctly poled it
`acts as a high resistance between the stages when there is
`no signal and, hence does not pass the high dc operating
`voltage from one stage to the next. When a signal
`is
`present, however, the diode resistance decreases and the
`signal gets through.
`coupling cfliciency A measure of the effectiveness of a
`coupling system, i.e., the degree to which it delivers an
`undistorted signal of correct amplitude and phase.
`coupling loop
`I. A usually one-tum coil constituting one
`wind ofa coupling transformer. 2. A small loop inserted
`into a waveguide to induce a microwave energy into it.
`
`counterpoise ground system - crest value
`
`coupling probe A usually short, straight wire or pin pro-
`truding into a waveguide to couple microwave energy
`electrostatically into the latter, somewhat in the manner
`of an antenna.
`coupling transformer A transformer employed primarily to
`transfer ac energy electromagnetically into or out of a
`circuit.
`In a crystal, the binding forces re-
`covalent binding forces
`sulting from the sharing of valence electrons by neigh-
`boring atoms.
`covalent bonding The binding together of the atoms of a
`material as a result of shared electrons or holes.
`coverage
`1. The area within which a broadcast or commu-
`nication station can be reliably heard. 2. The shielding
`efl'ectiveness of a coaxial cable.
`coversed sine Abbreviation, covers. The trigonometric
`functional equivalent of the versed sine of the comple-
`ment of an angle. i.e., the difference between the sine of
`an angle and unity (1): covers a = 1 sin :2. Also see
`VERSED erE.
`CP Abbreviation of chemically pure.
`cp
`i. Abbreviation of CANDLE POWER. 2. Abbreviation of
`central processor.
`CM Symbol
`for PLATE-CATHODE CAPACITANCE of a
`tube.
`C power supply See C BIAS SUPPLY.
`cps
`l. Abbreviation of CYCLES PER SECOND. (Cycles per
`second, to denote ac frequency, has been supplanted by
`arena). 2. Abbreviation of characters per second.
`CPU Abbreviation Of CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT.
`CQ A general call signal used in radio communication,
`especially by amateur stations, to invite a response from
`any station that hears it.
`'
`Cr Symbol for CHROMIU'M.
`cracked-carbon resistor A high-stability resistor in which
`the resistance material is particulate carbon.
`cradle guard See GUARD WIRE.
`cradlephone A telephone in which the microphone and
`earphone are mounted on opposite ends of a handle
`which rests on the crossrnember of a stand connected to
`a base containing the bells and dial. Also called French
`phone, French telephone, and handset.
`crate A foundation unit into which modules are plugged to
`establish a circuit.
`crater lamp A glow-discharge tube whose light-emitting el-
`ement is a crater instead of the usual plate.
`crawl
`I. See CREEPING COMPONENT. 2. The credits (names
`of staff and their contribution to content) superimposed
`and moving usually vertically on a TV picture at the end
`of a program.
`crazng The formation of tiny cracks in materials, particu-
`larly in such dielectrics as plastic and ceramic.
`creep See COLD FLOW.
`creepage Current leakage across the surface of a dielectric.
`creeping component A quantity, such as current, voltage,
`or frequency, which slowly changes in value with time.
`crest factor See AMPLITUDE FACTOR.
`crest value The maximum amplitude of a composite cur-
`rent or voltage.
`
`131
`
`
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`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 5/5
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`OLYMPUS et al. EX. 1018 - 5/5
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