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`U.S. Patent
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`Apr. 26, 2005
`
`Sheets or 6
`
`US 6,885,318 B2
`
`..._
`,,,,
`
`J ~
`
`DIS DEF KP
`+
`MONl
`·+
`
`DIS 2nd KP
`t
`MON2
`., ,
`
`~
`
`~
`
`RETCHAR
`
`-
`
`-
`
`502
`
`--504
`
`-
`
`-
`
`-
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`-
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`506
`
`--508
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`--
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`510
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`Fig. 5
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`US 6,885,318 B2
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`15
`
`1
`TEXT ENTRY METHOD AND DEVICE
`THEREFOR
`
`2
`altered such that said most likely character is displayed on
`the keyboard. This has the problem that the keyboard does
`not resemble the multitap keypad familiar to mobile phone
`u.sers, thereby presenting an unfamiliar interface to the
`The present invention relates to a method of entering text
`into a device, and to a device sucb as a ponable radio s average user. This problem is further compounded since in
`telephone or a baodbeld computer suitably adapted to imple-
`use the constant changing of the keyboard layout oecessi-
`ment said method.
`tales much practice and learoing for proficient and quick text
`Portable radio telephone, or "mobile phone'', ownership
`entry. Furthermore, tbe access and input of !.-pccial charac-
`during recent years bas been well documented and reported
`ters is a problem unsolved by the predictive means of U.S.
`world-wide. Whilst mobile phone networks such as the lO Pat. No. 5,128,672.
`It is therefore an aim of the present invention to provide
`Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) were
`originally designed for voice traffic, the sending of text
`an improved method of entering characters into a device
`messages using a Short Messaging Service (SMS) via suit-
`such as a mobile phone or handheld computer. It is a further
`ably equipped phones has risen dramatically over the past
`aim of the present inventioo to provide a method consistent
`couple of years, with the number of SMS messages sent
`with a keypad With which mobile phone users are· familiar.
`world-wide on the GSM networks reaching fifteen billion in
`According to a first aspect of the present i.ovention there
`is provided a method for ioputtiag a character to a device,
`December 2000. This is in part due to the critical mass of
`ownership now reached in developed countries and also due
`the device comprising a keypad, the keypad comprising a
`to the low and typically fixed costs of sending a text message 20 plurality of keys, at least one of which keys bas a primary
`when compared with a voice call. 1be popularity of text
`character, a plurality of secondary characters and a display
`messaging is also explained by the private and often intimate
`area associated with it, the keypad in a default state display-
`communication path offered by a text message. The numbers
`ing the primary character associated with a key in its
`respective display area, wherein the method comprises the
`of text messages sent and received by users are forecast to
`increase even further with the impending introduction of 2S steps of: detecting a first key selection; displaying each of
`the secondary characters associated with the first selected
`more advanced, so-called 3G (third generation) wireless
`networks and services, where data, fax and more advanced
`key in a respective display area; detecting a second key
`e-mail services will be available on a 3G mobile phone or
`selection; selecting for input the secondary character asso-
`suitably equipped handbeld computer or personal digital 30 ciated with the second key selection; and returning the
`assistant (PDA).
`keypad to the default state.
`A known method of entering text into devices such as
`Accordia.g to a second aspect of tbe present invention
`there is provided a device for receiving character input,
`mobile phones involves a user pressing a key on a keypad
`several times to cycle through characters associated with the
`comprising a keypad having a plurality of keys, a key having
`key, until the character required is selected. For example, the 35 a primary character, a plurality of secoodary characters a.nd
`number "2" key is associated witb the characters "abc", the
`a display area associated with it, wherein means are pro-
`vided for displaying in a default state the primary character
`"3" key with the characters "def", the "4" key with the
`characters "ghi", the "5" key with " jkl" and so on. To select
`associated with a key io its respective display area, means
`the character "a", the "2" key is pre~d once. To select the
`responsive to a first key selection arc provided for displaying
`character "b" the "2" key is press twice. 'The character "l" is
`each of the secondary characters associated 'l'lith the selected
`selected by pressing the "5" key three times aod so forth.
`key in a respective display area, and means responsive to a
`second key selection are provided for selecting as input
`Special characters(forexample full stop, exclamation mark,
`double quote, dollar, percent, ampersand and star) are pro·
`character the secondary character associated with the second
`d uced by tapping the one or ze ro keys several times until the 45 key selected and for returning the keypad to its default state.
`The device and method of this invemion comprise a
`required spc.cial character is selected. This method of enter-
`iog text, commonly referred to as the "multitap" method is
`keypad having a default display state wherein primacy, and
`optionally serondary, characters are displayed. A user inputs
`at present almost ubiquitous on mobile phones due to agreed
`a character by selecting the key having that character as one
`standardisation between mobile phone manufacturers and
`service providers. Users are therefore very familiar with the 50 of its associated secondary characters, following which the
`keypad displays the required character which is then input
`multitap keypad layout and character associatioa. However,
`this method often requires more than two key taps to select
`via an appropriate second key selection.
`a character, and the entering of special characters can take
`In one embodiment of the present invention the keypad
`many key taps. The method is therefore slow and prone to ss is displayed on a touch screen, the touc~reen having an
`output area for displaying characters input by the user. In
`error.
`this embodiment the display area associated with a key is
`An alternative method of inputting text to a device is
`provided by an area of touchscreen within or adjacent to the
`disclosed in U.S . Pat. No. 5,128,672 wherein the device
`graphical representation of the key or button.
`comprises a dynamic predictive keyboard which is graphi(cid:173)
`In another embodiment of the present invention the
`cally represented on a touch sensitive display. A user inputs
`associated display area of a key is provided by display
`a character by pressing a key with the required character
`means such as a liquid crystal display within or adjacent to
`displayed on it. Following a character input, software pro(cid:173)
`the key or button. The display means are arranged such that
`vided within the device formulates a prediction, base-0 on
`65 a displayed character is visible to the user, and hence
`statistical analysis of the make-up and composition of
`character association with the key is rendered obvious to the
`English words of the next rnosc likely character required by
`the user and consequently the layout of the keyboard is
`user.
`
`40
`
`60
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`us 6,885,318 82
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`5
`
`3
`The method and device of this invention provide
`improved text entry particularly suited to, but not exclu(cid:173)
`sively for, band held devices such as portable mobile radio
`telepbooes, personal digital assistants, pocket computers and
`remote control handsets.
`Embodiments of the present invention will now be
`descnbed, by way of example only, with reference to the
`accompanying figures in which:
`RG. 1 depicts a default display state of a keypad for use
`with the present invention.
`RG. 2 illustrates an example of the characters displayed
`on the keypad after a first key selection.
`FIG. 3 depicts an example of a device made in accor(cid:173)
`dance with the present invention.
`FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of components of the
`device of RG. 3.
`i3 a Bow diagram illustrating a basic implemen(cid:173)
`AG. j
`tation of a method accorcliog to the present invention.
`AG. 6 depicts an alternative default display slate of a
`keypad for use with the present invention.
`111 the figures the same refc:reoce numerals have been
`used to indicate corresponding features.
`FIG. 1 depicts a keypad 100 in a default display state
`wherein twelve keys 102 arc arranged in four rows of three
`keys. Each key has a primary character 1()4 and a plurality
`of secondary characters 106 as.wciated with it. The primary
`character 104 displayed on each key 102 is, in this
`embodiment, selected from the group of characters 1, 2, 3,
`4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, # and •. The secondary characters 106
`associated with each key are shown in groups adjacent the
`respective key. The secondary character groupings in this
`embodiment are similar to those of the multitap method, for
`example the key as.sociated with primary character ''2" bas
`an associated secondary characler grouping "abc", the key
`"'3" the associated secondary characters "def' and so on as
`shown in the figure. Hence, the default display state of the
`keypad lOOassbown in FIG. 1 presents to the user a keypad
`having a well known key and character layout, thereby
`necessitating little or no familiarisation.
`FIG. 2 illuslrates a possible display state of the keypad
`100 after a first key selection by a user, the selected key in
`this example being lhc ~5" key (the key associated with the
`primary characler "5" and secondary characters "jkl"). The
`secondary character "( is displayed by the display area
`associated with a neighbouring key, in this example the key
`associated with the primary character "4" adjacent the "5"
`key. Similarly, the secondary characters "k" and "I", asso(cid:173)
`ciated with the first key selection, are displayed respectively
`on the keys previously displaying "2" and '"6" as primary
`characters. In this example the remaining keys have dis·
`played upon tbem further characters 200 which are useful ss
`for text entry. For example characters representing an excla(cid:173)
`mation mark, a double quote, a pound, a dollar sign, left and
`right brackets, a percentage symbol and a caret may be
`displayed as shown in FIG. 2.
`A second key selection from the keypad of FIG. 2 seleClS
`the cbaracler displayed on the display area associated with
`said second key for input. Following a character input, the
`keypad of FIG. 2 is returned to the default display slate as
`shown in FIG. 1.
`The key selections are typically provided by a user's
`finger or stylus and may comprise the user tapping a first key
`
`4
`followed by the user tapping a second key. Alternatively, the
`user may make a second key selection by sliding or dragging
`said finger or stylus across the keypad from the first key to
`tbe second key and pausing on, or removing the finger or
`stylus from, the required second key.
`The dyna.aUc keypad states illustrated in FIG. 1 and f'lG.
`2 provide a method of quick and accurate character input
`wherein secondary characters are available with oaly two
`10 key selection.s. Additionally the method is intuitive and
`requires little or no learning by the user due to the provision
`of a familiar default keypad display state.
`An embodiment of a device employing the keypad and
`15 featu res of this method and made in accordance with the
`present invention i.s shown in FIG. 3. The figure depicts a
`hand-held device 300 sucb as a personal digital assistant
`(PDA) or sometimes called a handheld computer. The device
`comprises a touchscreen 302 comprising touch input means
`20 arranged to detect touch input upon a surface of a display
`means (such as a liquid crystal or organic light emitting
`diode display). The touchscreen in this embodiment displays
`a keypad 100 to the user within a touch input region 302a of
`2S the touc~reen, whilst input characters 304 are displayed in
`an output region 302b of the touchscreen 302. In FIG. 3 the
`keypad 100 is shown in the second display state of FIG. 2,
`wherein a first key selection of the key "5" has occurred and
`the keypad awaits a second key selection lo input a charac(cid:173)
`ter. The device further comprises control buttons 306 pro(cid:173)
`vided to power up the device or change mode of usage for
`example. Additionally the handheld device may incorporate
`means (not shown on FIG. 3) to transmit and receive data.
`35 including voice and text messaging wirelessly via a suitable
`network.
`The device 300 further comprises components adapted
`for carrying out a method in accordance with the present
`invention, these components being schematically repre(cid:173)
`sented in FrG. 4. The relevant components comprise a
`computer program (PRG) and processing means in the form
`of a general purpose microprocessor 400 (µP). The computer
`program is stored in computer readable storage media 402
`45 (MEM), the PRG comprising instructions to instruct the
`microprocessor (µP) 400 10 carry out the steps of a method
`according to the present invention. It is noted herewith that
`although the proce&ing means of this embod.iment cooiprise
`a general purpose microproccsoor, other suitable focm<; of
`so processing means such as dedicated logic circuits, P!Cmi·
`cro® chips or application specific integrated circuits (ASIC)
`operating with or without a computer program could be
`employed in alternative embodiments.
`In FIG. 4 there is also provided tbc touchscreen 302, the
`touchscreen able to display a keypad 100 (KP) and detect
`touch input for inputli.ng characters. lo this embodiment the
`display area associated with each key 102 of the keypad 100
`is provided by an area of touchscreen 302 within or adjaceot
`60 to the graphical representation of tbe key 102.
`Additionally, one or more key character tables (KCI) are
`provided within MEM 402. A KCT provides information to
`the microprocessor relating to the default keypad to be
`65 displayed on the touchscreen, and also provides tbe primary
`and secondary characters which are to be displayed upon a
`first key selection.
`
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`40
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`Page 182 of 670
`
`
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`us 6,885,318 82
`
`5
`An example of a KCT is presented below (Table 1).
`
`TABLE 1
`
`.Kl!Y PRIMARY CHARACIBR Sl!roNDARY CHARACTER(S)
`
`l
`2
`3
`4
`s
`6
`7
`8
`9
`0
`
`'
`
`1
`2
`3
`4
`s
`6
`7
`8
`9
`0
`
`#
`
`Not used
`abc
`def
`ghi
`jkl
`m.oo
`pqn
`lllV
`W:IJZ
`Not used
`Not uscd
`Not used
`
`Table l thereby provides primary and secondary charac(cid:173)
`ters to the microprcx:es.wr which, under the guidance of PRG
`instructs the touchscreen to display these characters in the
`appropriate locations to build up a default keypad display
`stale corresponding to FIG. 1 and Table l.
`Similarly a KCT relating to a first key selection of key 5
`is shown below in Table 2.
`
`TABLE 2
`
`DISPLAY SECONDARY
`CHARACTER
`
`I
`2
`3
`4
`5
`6
`1
`8
`9
`0
`
`I
`k
`
`j
`s
`I
`£
`$
`~
`
`1bis KCT provides the characters displayed upon a first
`key selection corresponding to key 5 thereby providing a
`second keypad display state as shown in FIG. 2.
`In operation, lhc microprocessor 400, under the guidance
`of PRG looks up the default key character assignations
`stored in MEM 402 as a KCT (for example lhe KCT of Table
`1) and instructs tbe touchscreen 302 co display the keypad
`100 in a default display state. The touch.screen is sampled
`repeatedly until a first key selection is detected, following
`whicb the appropriate characters to be displayed are
`retrieved from an appropriate stored KCT (e.g. Table 2) by
`the microprocessor and provided to the touchscreen which
`updates the keypad 100 displayed. Following these opera(cid:173)
`tions the touchscreen is sampled repeatedly for a second key
`selection.
`Upon detection of a second key selection the micropro(cid:173)
`cessor 400 oompares the key selected with the displayed
`KCT (Table 2 for example) and returns the input character
`for display in the output region 302b of the touchscreen 302.
`Finally, tbe microprocessor instructs the touchscreen to
`display the default keypad and awaits further user interac(cid:173)
`tion.
`Allow diagram illustrating the main steps of this method
`is presented in FIG. S, the method being performed as a loop,
`wherein:
`
`5
`
`JO
`
`6
`A default keypad is displayed (DIS DEF KP) 502
`The keypad is monitored for a first key selection (MONl)
`504
`Following a first key selection the appropriate characters
`are displayed on the keypad (DIS r' KP) 506
`The keypad is monitored for a second key selection
`(MON2) 508
`Follo.,..'ing a second key selection the secondary character
`associated with the second key selection is returned as
`an input character (RET CHAR) 510
`Loop back to display the default keypad (DIS DEF KP)
`502
`In a further embodimeol, the first key selection is reported
`only after the key is selected by a user for a pre-determined
`IS time period, for example a time period of 0.2 ~onds. This
`enables quick tapping to select the default primary charac(cid:173)
`ters displayed on a default keypad, thereby allowing fast
`number entry when required without altering the keypad
`display state.
`According to a further embodiment of this invention, the
`display of primary or secondary characters associated with
`a key is achieved by providing an associated display area
`within, on or situated adjacent to the key. The default
`
`20
`
`40
`
`25 ~:~:d t~~~~ c~:~a~~r~:: :~:~~:~:;:~~ t~0~~~
`characters in accordance with a method of this invention.
`In a further embodiment of this invention, the default
`display state of the keypad comprises positioning some of
`30 the serondary cbaracters associated wich a key such that the
`key display area upoo which a secondary character will be
`displayed next is indicated to the user. An example of a
`keypad default display state according to this embodiment is
`given in FIG. 6 wherein secondary charactera are displayed
`35 within a key, each secondary character being positioned
`relative to the key upon which it will appear following a first
`key selection. For example, the key displaying the primary
`character "5" has the secondary characters hj", "le" and "I"
`positioned to the left, above and right of the "5" respectively.
`Hence a visual indication of the key upon which each
`character will appear should the "5" be first selected is
`provided to the user. lo this example the default display state
`provides an indication tbat tbc "j" will appear on the "4" key
`45 to the left of the "5" key, as is shown in the example of the
`keypad in FIG. 2.
`In yer a further embodiment of Ibis invention, one or more
`of the key character tables are alterable, thereby providing a
`user with the option of customi