,SUE...UDH
`
`mcmHRWEHN
`
`TmS
`
`Ng
`
`_UD...
`
`0CEwmmGm
`
`OLYMPUS EX. 1023 - 1l5
`
`OLYMPUS EX. 1023 - 1/5
`
`

`

`
`
`OLYMPUS EX. 1023 - 2/5
`
`OLYMPUS EX. 1023 - 2/5
`
`

`

`Book Design: Lisa A. Doyle and Jaclyn J. Boone
`
`Turner. Rufus P.
`The illustrated dictionary of electronics I by Rufus P. Turner and
`Stan Gibilisco.
`p.
`cm.
`ISBN 0-8306-3345-6 (pbk.)
`ISBN 0-8306-7345-8
`I. Electronics—Dictionaries.
`I. Gibilisco, Stan.
`II. Title.
`TK7804.T87 1990
`621.381'03—dc20
`
`FIFTH EDITION
`THIRD PRINTING
`
`© 1991 by McGraw-Hill, Inc.
`
`Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. The publisher takes no
`responsibility for the use of any of the materials or methods described in this book,
`nor for the products thereof.
`
`Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
`
`90-22674
`CIP
`
`For information about other McGraw-Hill materials. call 1-800-2-MCGRAW in the
`US. In other countries call your nearest McGraw~Hill office.
`
`Acquisitions Editor: Roland S. Phelps
`Technical Editor: Lisa A. Doyle
`Director of Production: Katherine G. Brown
`
`OLYMPUS EX. 1023 - 3/5
`
`

`

`Celsius scale 0 ceramet seal
`
`center-tapped winding A winding having a tap at half the
`total number of toms.
`
`nickel, a
`
`ABSOLUTE SCALE, FAHRENI-IEIT SCALE (see conversion
`table in appendix B).
`cent An audio-frequency interval of linen. of a half step. A
`half step is the frequency difference between two imme-
`diately adjacent keys on a piano.
`center-fed antenna An antenna in which the feeders are
`connected to the center of the radiator.
`center feed
`1. Attaching a feeder or transmission line to the
`center of the radiator of an antenna. 2. Connection of
`signal-input terminals to the center of a coil. 3. Descrip-
`tive of paper tape whose feed holes are aligned with
`character hole centers. Compare ADVANCE reap urn.
`center frequency
`1. The frequency, in a communications
`receiver, that is midway between the lower and upper 3
`dB attenuation points. 2. The average frequency of a
`modulated carrier. 3. The carrier frequency of a modu-
`lated signal.
`In an oscilloscope circuit, a potentiome-
`centering control
`ter used to position the image on the screen (particularly
`in the center). Separate controls are provided for hori-
`zontal and vertical centering
`center loading In a coil-loaded antenna, placement of the
`loading coil at the center ofthe radiator rather than at the
`(more common position) base of the radiator.
`center of beam 1. [n a directional antenna system, the
`direction, denoted by a straight ray, where the signal
`strength or response isthegreatest. 2. Inabeam ofvisible
`light, the geometric center of the spot produced when the
`beam strikes a surface perpendicular to the beam. 3. In a
`beam of visible light, the axis within the beam where the
`intensity is greatest.
`center of channel The frequency that is midway between
`the lowest and highest frequency components of a com-
`munications channel.
`center of gravity The point on. or in, an object about
`which the object balances in a gravitational field.
`center of mass
`1. The center of gravity. 2. The center of
`rotation in an orbiting system of objects.
`center of radiation The point from which the energy ra-
`diated by an object appears to arrive.
`center top A connection made to the center-most turn of a
`coil or to the center-value point of a resistor, filament, or
`capacitor pair.
`center-tap keying In a radiotelegraph transmitter, opera-
`tion of a key (or keying relay) between ground and the
`center tap of the secondary of the transformer supplying
`filament power to the keyed stage.
`center-tapped coil See CENTER-TAPPED wanmo.
`center-tapped filament A tube or lamp filament having a
`tap at its center.
`center-tapped inductor An inductor having a tap at halfthe
`total inductance.
`center-tapped potentiometer A potentiometer having a tap
`at half the total resistance of the resismnce element.
`center-tapped resistor A fixed resistor having a tap at half
`the total resistance.
`center-tapped transformer A transformer having one or
`more center-tapped windings.
`
`CENTER-TAPPED WINDING
`
`center tracking frequency In three-fi'equency alignment
`(tracking) of a circuit, the frequency between the upper
`and lower frequency limits (alignment or tracking points
`of the circuit).
`center wire The straight wire cathode in a gaseous voltage-
`regnlator tube or Geiger-Mueller tube.
`center-zero meter A meter having its zero point at the
`center of the scale, e.g., a dc galvanometer.
`cenli Prefix meaning amount-ms) (ID-1). Abbreviation,
`c.
`caLsrtrs SCALE.
`centigrade scale
`centimeter Abbreviation, cm. A unit of length equal to
`10" meter, or 0.3937 inch.
`centimeter-gram-second system Abbreviation, cgs. The
`now-little-used system of units in which the centimeter is
`the unit of length; the grain. mam; and the mean solar
`second, time. Electrical units in the cgs system fall into
`two mtegories: nLecrrtos'rA'nc and ELECTROMAG—
`N‘ETIC. The names of cgs electrostatic units have the
`prefix STAT (e.g., STATAMPERE, STATVOLT, etc). Cgs
`electromagnetic units have the prefix AB (e.g., ADAM-
`PERE, ABVOLT, etc).
`centimeter waves See MICROWAVES.
`centipolse A cgs measure of the dynamic viscosity of liq-
`uids equal to 10”2 poise.
`central processing unit
`In a digital computer, the section
`containing the arithmetic and logic, control, and internal
`memory units. Also called central procemor.
`Central Radio Propagation Laboratory A government lab-
`oratory that studies radio propagation and collects, corre-
`lates, and analyzes data for predicting propagation con-
`ditions. The organization also studies methods of
`measuring propagation.
`centrifugal force The force that urges the mass of a rotating
`body away from the axis of rotation. Compare camara-
`ETAL FORCE.
`centrifugatiou potential An electric potential that occurs in
`a colloidal solution when the solution is centrifuged.
`centrifugal switch A switch actuated by centrifirgal force,
`e.g., the automatic disconnection switch in a capacitor
`motor.
`centripetal force The force which draws the mass of a ro-
`tating body toward the axis of rotation. Compare CEN-
`TRIFUGAL noses.
`Ceracircuit A form of hybrid integrated circuit perfected
`by the Sprague Company.
`ceramal See CERMET.
`ceramet seal See CERAMIC-To-MiiTAI. SEAL.
`
`ceramic-based
`ited on a t
`ceramic capac
`tric such :
`capacitors
`ceramic dielec
`pacitors.
`l
`titante,
`til
`high dieleu
`tor. Exam
`ceramic filter
`employing
`ceramic magr
`ceramic n
`iron oxidt
`ceramic mien
`rrszoaLer
`impulses.
`ceramic piez-
`electric or
`ramic m'
`transduce
`zonanrr
`ceramic rests
`age-dope:
`coeflicien
`available)
`ceramics .1.
`insuiatorr
`nium djt
`science or
`ceramic-to-n
`bodies at
`lead to a
`leak-pro:
`ceramic trar
`Farmers
`and vibr:
`ceramic tube
`a oerami.
`tube ofi'e
`Cerenkov rs
`material
`speed is
`material.
`Cerenkov n
`radio—fro
`through
`ceresin wax
`ozoceritr
`moisture
`cerium Syr
`group. A
`cerium met.-
`earth 511
`amend:
`cermet Ar:
`
`OLYMPUS EX. 1023 - 4/5
`
`

`

`: the force F of
`ctric charges Q
`the charges (or
`terser propon
`n them:
`
`:ments in cou~
`lative count of
`cg current with
`
`a counting sys-
`ty counter. 3. A
`ruction or sub-
`rl (by increasing
`I. a FOR-NEXT
`
`5 remaining be-
`: showing time
`
`lip-flops, which
`plied to it and
`as. 2. A mecha-
`Idicator, which
`inied to it and
`ng Circuit, such
`responds to se-
`ng one output
`input pulses. 4.
`2r emfi
`tion to the lefi
`
`ically polarized
`Ir rotates coun-
`of propagation.
`
`ion or scintilla-
`Ia rays.
`to counteract a
`
`BACK.
`uch as a Geiger
`dioactive parti-
`nent.
`jug cross mod-
`e cathode resis-
`hut not for AF.
`ulation accord-
`Ilate the carrier
`)osite phase to
`
`and by using a
`o the ground or
`.d is usually at
`fthe feed-point
`
`counter-poise ground system - crest value
`
`counterpolsc ground system A counterpoise with a radius
`such that resonance is obtained with a Ila-wavelength
`antenna operated at a height of more than V4 wavelength
`above actual ground. Usually such a system consists of
`three or four radials measuring V4 wavelength each and
`extending outward from the base of the antenna nearly
`parallel to the average terrain.
`counter tube
`1. A tube, such as the Geiger-Menfler tube, in
`which a penetrating radioactive particle ionizes a gas and
`produces an output pulse. 2. A flip-flop tube. 3. A tube
`operated so that it delivers one or more output pulses
`alter receiving a certain number of input pulses.
`counter voltage See BACK VOLTAGE and KJCKBACK.
`counting-type frequency meter A direct-reading analog or
`digital frequency meter which indicates the number of
`pulses (or cycles) per second applied to it.
`count-remaining
`technique See COMPLEMENT-sErrrNo
`TECHNIQUE.
`metals in contact with each other or
`couple Two
`immersed in an electrolyte.
`coupled circuits Circmts between which energy is trans-
`ferred electrostatically, electromagnetically, by some
`combination of the two, or by direct connection.
`coupled impedance The impedance which a circuit “sees”.
`when it is coupled to another circuit. Thus, when the
`secondary Ofa transformer is laminated with an imped-
`ance, the primary sees a combination of that impedance
`and its own.
`coupler A device for transferring energy between two cir-
`cuits and employing capacitive coupling, direct coupling,
`inductive coupling, or some combination of these.
`coupling The linking of two circuits or devices by electro-
`static lincs of force (electrostatic, or capacitve, coupling)
`or electromagnetic lines of force (electromagnetic, or in-
`ductive, coupling), or by direct connection (direct coup-
`ling) lor the purpose of transferring energy from one to
`the other. Also see CAPACITIVE COUPLING, COEFFICIENT
`OP COUPLING, Dinner COUPLING,
`INDUCI'Ivn COUP-
`LING, MUTUAL INnucrANCE.
`coupling aperture A hole in a waveguide that is employed
`for the purpose of transmitting energy to the waveguide,
`or receiving energy fi'om outside the waveguide.
`coupling capacitor A capacitor employed to conduct no
`energy from one circuit to another. Also see CAPAcrIVE
`COUPLING.
`coupling coeflicient See COEFFICIENT OF COUPLING.
`coupling diode A semiconductor diode connected between
`the stages ofa direct-coupled amplifier. Correctly poled it
`acts as a high resistance between the stages when there is
`no signal and, hence does not pass the high dc operating
`voltage from one stage to the next. When a signal is
`present, however, the diode resistance decreases and the
`signal gets through.
`coupling efllciency A measure of the effectiveness of a
`coupling system, i.e., the degree to which it delivers an
`undistorted signal of correct amplitude and phase.
`coupling loop
`1. A usually one-turn coil constituting one
`wind of a coupling transformer. 2. A small loop inserted
`into a waveguide to induce a microwave energy into it.
`
`coupling probe A usually short, straight wire or pin pro-
`truding into a waveguide to couple microwave energy
`electrostatically into the latter, somewhat in the manner
`of an antenna.
`coupling transformer A transformer employed primarily to
`transfer an energy electromagnetically into or out of a
`circuit.
`In a crystal, the binding forces re-
`covalent binding forces
`sulting from the sharing Of valence electrons by neigh-
`boring atoms.
`-
`covalent bonding The binding together of the atoms of a
`material as a result of shared electrons or holes.
`coverage
`1. The area within which a broadcast or commu-
`nication station can be reliably heard. 2. The shielding
`efi‘ectiveness of a coaxial cable.
`coversed sine Abbreviation, covers. The trigonometric
`functional equivalent of the versed sine of the comple-
`ment of an angle, i.e., the difi‘erence between the sine of
`an angle and unity (1): covers a =3 t sin (I. Also see
`VERSED sINE.
`CP Abbreviation of chemically pure.
`cp l. Abbreviation of CANDLE town. 2. Abbreviation of
`central processor.
`C" Symbol
`for PLATE-CATHODE CAPACITANCE of a
`tube.
`C porter supply See C arAS SUPPLY.
`cps
`1. Abbreviation of CYCLES PER sECOND. (Cycles per
`second, to denote ac frequency, has been supplanted by
`HERTZ). 2. Abbreviation of characters per second.
`CPU Abbreviation of CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT.
`CO A general call signal used in radio communication,
`especially by amateur stations, to invite a response from
`any station that heart it.
`‘
`Cr Symbol for CHROMIUM.
`cracked-carbon resistor A high-stability resistor in which
`the resistance material is particulate carbon.
`cradle guard See GUARD WIRE.
`cradlephone A telephone in which the microphone and
`earphone are mounted on opposite ends of a handle
`which rests on the crossmember of a stand connected to
`a base containing the bells and dial. Also called French
`phone, French telephone, and handset.
`crate A foundation unit into which modules are plugged to
`establish a circuit
`crater lamp A glow-discharge tube whose light-emitting el-
`ement is a crater instead of the usual plate.
`mwl
`1. See CREEPING COMPONENT. 2. "fire credits (names
`of staff and their contribution to content) superimposed
`and moving usually vertically on a TV picture at the end
`of a program.
`crazing The fonnation of tiny cracks in materials, particu-
`larly in such dielectrics as plastic and ceramic.
`creep See COLD FLOW.
`creepage Current leakage across the surface of a dielectric.
`creeping component A quantity, such as current, voltage,
`or frequency, which slowly changes in value with time.
`crest factor See AMPerUDe FACTOR.
`crest value The maximum amplitude of a composite cur-
`rent or voltage.
`
`131
`
`OLYMPUS EX. 1023 - 5/5
`
`