UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
`
`BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD
`
`WATSON LABORATORIES, INC.,
`Petitioner
`
`V.
`
`UNITED THERAPEUTICS, INC.,
`Patent Owner
`
`Trial No. IPR2017-01622
`
`Patent 9,339,507
`
`DECLARATION OF SCOTT BENNETT, Ph.D.
`20 June 2017
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`TABLE(DF(XJNTENTS
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`Page
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`INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1
`
`H.
`
`BACKGROUND AND QUALIFICATIONS ................................................ 1
`
`HL
`
`PRELIMINARIES .......................................................................................... 3
`
`BL
`
`OPINIONS REGARDING INDIVIDUAL DOCUMENTS .......................... 9
`
`ATTACHMENTS ........................................................................................ 15
`
`VL
`
`CONCLUSION ............................................. 16
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`1, Scott Bennett, hereby declare under penalty of perjury:
`
`I.
`
`INTRODUCTION
`
`1.
`
`I have personal knowledge of the facts and opinions set forth in this
`
`declaration, I believe them to be true, and if called upon to do so, I would testify
`
`competently to them.
`
`I have been warned that willful false statements and the like
`
`are punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both.
`
`2.
`
`I am a retired academic librarian working as a Managing Partner of
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`the firm Prior Art Documentation LLC at 711 South Race Street, Urbana, IL,
`
`61801-4132. Attached as Appendix A is a true and correct copy of my Curriculum
`
`Vitae describing my background and experience. Further information about my
`
`firm, Prior Art Documentation Services LLC, is available at
`
`wwwpriorartdocumentation.com.
`
`‘3.
`
`I have been retained by Winston & StraWn LLP to authenticate and
`
`establish the dates of public accessibility of certain documents in an inter partes
`
`review proceedings for US. Patent No. 9,339,507. For this service, I am being
`
`paid my usual hourly fee of $9l/hour. My compensation in no way depends on the
`
`substance of my testimony or the outcome of this proceeding.
`
`11.
`
`BACKGROUND AND QUALIFICATIONS
`
`4.
`
`0
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`I was previously employed as follows:
`
`University Librarian, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 1994—2001;
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`0
`
`0
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`0
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`Director, The Milton S. Eisenhower Library, The Johns Hopkins
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`University, Baltimore, MD, 1989—1994;
`
`Assistant University Librarian for Collection Management,
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`Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 1981—1989;
`
`Instructor, Assistant, and Associate Professor of Library
`
`Administration, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana,
`
`IL, 1974-1981; and
`
`0
`
`Assistant Professor of English, University of Illinois at Urbana—
`
`Champaign, 1 967- 1974.
`
`5.
`
`Over the course of my work as a librarian, professor of English,
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`researcher, and author of nearly fifty scholarly papers and other publications, I
`
`have had extensive experience with catalog records and online library management
`
`systems built around Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) standards.
`
`I also
`
`have substantial experience in authenticating printed documents and establishing
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`the date whenthey were accessible to researchers.
`
`6.
`
`In the course of more than fifty years of academic life, I have myself
`
`been an active researcher.
`
`I have collaborated with many individual researchers
`
`and, as .a librarian, worked in the services of thousands of researchers at four
`
`prominent research universities. Over the years, I have read some of the
`
`voluminous professional literature on the information seeking behaviors of
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`academic researchers. And as an educator, I have a broad knowledge of the ways
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`in which students in a variety of disciplines learn to master the bibliographic
`
`resources used in their disciplines. In all of these ways, I have a general
`
`knowledge of how researchers work.
`
`III.
`
`PRELIMINARIES
`
`7..
`
`Scope ofthis declaration.
`
`I am not a lawyer and I am not rendering an
`
`opinion on the legal question of whether any particular document is, or is not, a
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`“printed publication” under the law.
`
`_ 8.
`
`I am, however, rendering my expert opinion on the authenticity of the
`
`documents referenced herein and on when and how each of these documents was
`
`disseminated or otherwise made available to the extent that persons interested and
`
`ordinarily skilled in the subject matter or» art, exercising reasonable diligence, could
`
`have located the documents before 15 May 2005 and 15 May 2006.
`
`9.
`
`Materials considered. In forming the opinions expressed in this
`
`declaration, I have reviewed the documents and attachments referenced herein.
`
`These materials are records created in the ordinary course of business by
`
`publishers, libraries, indexing services, and others. From my years of experience, I
`
`am familiar with the process for creating many of these records, and I know- theSe
`
`records are created by people with knowledge of the information in the record.
`
`Further, these recordsare created with the expectation that researchers and other
`
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`members of the public will use them. All materials cited in this declaration and its
`
`attachments are of a type that experts in my field would reasonably rely upon and
`
`refer to in forming their opinions.
`
`10.
`
`Persons ofordinary Skill in the art.
`
`I am told by counsel that the
`
`subject matter of this proceeding relates to the administration of a drug called
`
`treprostinil to patients that have a condition called pulmonary hypertension.
`
`1 have
`
`been further informed that the patent relates to the administration of inhaled doses
`
`of this drug using a device called a pulsed ultrasonic nebulizer, which I have been
`
`informed causes the drug to take on an aerosol form so that it can be inhaled by
`
`patients.
`
`11.
`
`I have been informed by counsel that a “person of ordinary skill in the
`
`art at the time'of the inventions” is a hypothetical person who is presumed to be
`
`familiar with the relevant field and its literature at the time of the inventions. This
`
`hypothetical person is also a person of ordinary creativity, capable of
`
`understanding the scientific principles applicable to the pertinent field.
`
`12.
`
`I am told by counsel that persons of ordinary skill in this subject
`
`matter or art would have had a Ph.D. degree in pharmaceutical science or a related
`
`. discipline like chemistry or medicinal chemistry, as well as at least two years of
`
`practical experience in the development of potential drug candidates, specifically
`
`in the delivery of drug by inhalation. I understand that this person could have a
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`lower level of formal education than a PhD. degree if such a person had more
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`years of experience in the development of inhalable drugs. This person would
`regularly review literature about pharmaceutical sciences and drug delivery. and
`
`would know how to carry out library research using library resources to find out
`
`more information about areas being researched. In addition, the person of ordinary
`
`skill in the art would know how to evaluate potential drugs for their in vitro and in
`
`vivo activity and toxicity using tests disclosed in the relevant literature.
`
`Furthermore, because drug development involves a multidisciplinary approach, I
`
`understand that a person of ordinary skill in the art may interface or consult with
`
`individuals having specialized expertise, for example, a phannacologist and/or
`
`physician with experience in the administration, dosing and efficacy of drugs for
`
`the treatment of a particular disease state.
`
`13.
`
`It is my opinion that such a person would have been engaged in
`
`advanced research starting at least in graduate school, learning though study and
`
`practice in the field and possibly through formal instruction the bibliographic
`
`resources relevant to his or her research. In the early 2000’s such a person would
`
`have had access to a vast array of long-established print resources regarding
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`medical conditions concerning the circulatory system, such as pulmonary
`
`hypertension. as well as access to a rich set of online resources providing indexing
`
`information, abstracts, and, full text services for literature providing updates
`
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`regarding treatments for conditions of the circulatory system. Such information
`
`includes abstracts of presentations made at conferences, more comprehensive
`
`articles circulated in periodicals, and access to versions of such articles through
`
`paid Internet sites
`
`14.
`
`Library catalog records. WorldCat is the world’s largest public
`
`online catalog, maintained by the Online Computer Library Center, Inc., or OCLC,
`
`and built with the records created by the thousands of libraries that are members of
`
`OCLC, WorldCat records appear in many different catalogs, including the
`
`Statewide Illinois Library Catalog. The date a given catalog record was created
`
`(corresponding to the MARC Field 008) appears in some detailed WorldCat
`
`records as the Date of Entry.
`
`15.
`
`Publications in series. A library typically creates a MARC catalog
`
`recordfor a series of closely related publications, such as the proceedings of an
`
`annual conference, when the library receives its first issue. When the institution
`
`receives subsequent issues/volumes of the series, the issues/volumes are checked in
`
`(sometimes using a date stamp), added to the institution’s holdings records, and
`
`made available very soon thereafter—normally within a few days of receipt or (at
`
`most) within a few weeks of receipt.
`
`16.
`
`The initial series record will often not reflect all of the subsequent
`
`changes in publication details (including minor variations in title, etc.).
`
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`17. When a library does not intend systematically to acquire all
`
`publications in a given series, but adds individual volumes of the series to its
`
`collections, the library will typically treat each such volume as an individual book,
`
`or monograph. In this case, the 008 Field MARC will record the date when the
`
`record for that individual volume, not the series, was created.
`
`18.
`It is sometimes possible to find both a series and a monograph library
`catalog record for the same publication.
`V
`
`19.
`
`Periodical publications. A library typically creates a catalog record
`
`for a periodical publication when the library receives its first issue. When the
`
`institution receives subsequent issues/volumes of the periodical, the issues/volumes
`
`are checked in (often using a date stamp), added to the institution’s holdings
`
`records, and made available very soon thereafter—normally within a few days of
`
`receipt or (at most) within a few weeks of receipt.
`
`20.
`
`The initial periodicals record will sometimes not reflect all of the
`
`subsequent changes in publication details (including minor variations intitle, etc.).
`
`21.
`
`Indexing. A researcher may discover materialrelevant to his or her
`
`topic in a variety of ways. One common means of discovery is to search for
`
`relevant information in an index of periodical and other publications. Having
`
`found relevant material, the researcher will then normally obtain it online, look for
`
`it in libraries, or purchase it from the publisher, a bookstore, a document delivery
`
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`service, or other provider. Sometimes, the date of a document’s public
`
`accessibility will involve both indexing and library date information. Date
`
`information for indexing entries is, however, often unavailable. This is especially
`
`true for online indices.
`
`22.
`
`Indexing services use a wide variety of controlled vocabularies to
`
`provide subject access and other means of discovering the content of documents.
`
`The formats in which these access terms are presented vary from service to service.
`
`23.
`
`Online indexing services commonly provide bibliographic
`
`information, abstracts, and full-text copies of the indexed publications, along with
`
`a list of the documents cited in the indexed publication. These services also often
`
`provide lists of publications that cite a given document. A citation of a document
`
`is evidence that the document was publicly available and in use by researchers no
`
`later than the publication date of the citing document.
`
`24.
`
`Prominent indexing services include:
`
`25.
`
`Scopus. Produced by Elsevier, a major publisher, Scopus is the
`
`largest database of abstracts and citations of peer-reviewed literature. Its scope
`
`includes the social sciences, science, technology, medicine, and the arts. It
`
`includes 60 million records from more than 21,500 titles from some 5,000
`
`international publishers. Coverage includes 360 trade publications, over 530 book
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`series, more than 7.2 million conference papers, and 116,000 books. Records date
`
`from 1823.
`
`IV. OPINIONS REGARDING INDIVIDUAL DOCUMENTS
`
`Document 1. Robert Voswinckel, et al. "Inhaled trepostinil sodium for the
`treatment of pulmonary hypertension" Abstract #1414, Circulation, 110,
`17, Supplement (October 2004): III-295.
`
`1 .
`
`Authentication
`
`26. Document 1 is an abstract by Robert Voswinckel and others published
`
`in an October 2004 supplementary issue of Circulation. This supplement contains
`
`abstracts from Scientific Sessions 2004, a conference held by the American Heart
`
`Association in New Orleans, LA, on 7-10 November 2004.
`
`27. Attachment 1a is a true and accurate copy of Document 1 (along with
`
`the volume cover, preliminary pages about the supplement and about Circulation)
`
`,
`
`from the British Library. Attachment 1b is a true and accurate copy of the British
`
`Library catalog record for 2004 Abstracts supplement to Circulation.
`
`28. Attachment la is in a condition that creates no suspicion about its
`
`authenticity. Specifically, Document 1 exhibits ample evidence of its publication
`
`provenance and is marked as supplied by the British Library. Attachment 1a was
`
`found within the custody of a library — a place where, if authentic, it would likely
`
`be found.
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`29.
`
`I conclude, based on finding Document 1 in a library and on finding
`
`library catalog records for Document 1, that Document 1 is an authentic document
`
`and that Attachment la is an authentic copy of Document 1.
`
`2.
`
`Public Accessibility
`
`30. Attachment 1c is a true and accurate copy of the Statewide Illinois
`
`Library Catalog periodical record for Circulation, showing this periodical was first
`
`published in 1950 and is held by 1,265 libraries world-wide. Attachment lc also
`
`indicates that Circulation was cataloged or indexed in a meaningful way——
`
`including being Cataloged by subject. Some libraries have separately cataloged the
`
`supplements to Circulation. Attachment ld is a true and accurate copy of such a
`
`record from the Statewide Illinois Library Catalog, showing these abstract
`
`supplements were first published in 1964 and are held as separately cataloged
`
`documents by 20 libraries world-wide. Attachment ld also indicates that the
`
`abstract supplements to Circulation were cataloged or indexed in a meaningful
`
`way—including being cataloged by subject, Thus, in my opinion, Circulation and
`
`its abstract supplements were sufficiently accessible to the public interested in the
`
`art; and an ordinarily skilled researcher, exercising reasonable diligence, would
`
`have had no difficulty finding copies of Circulation and its abstract supplements.
`
`31. Attachment la, from the British Library, includes a library date label
`
`at the top of the cover. This date label was cropped in the process of copying the
`
`10
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`cover at the British Library. Attachment le is a second copy of Document 1 from
`
`the British Library, supplied by counsel. Comparison of Attachment la and le
`
`reveals them to be substantively identical. The date label at the top of the cover
`
`indicates that the supplement to the October 2004 issue of Circulation was
`
`processed on 22 November 2004. A separate date label in the middle of the cover
`
`also shows this 22 November 2004 date. A third label on the cover indicates that
`
`the restriction on reading-room only use of the supplement to the October 2004
`
`issue of Circulation expired on 22 May 2005. Based on my experience, I affirm
`this date label has the general appearance ‘of date labels that libraries have long
`
`affixed to periodicals in processing them. I do not see any indications or have any
`
`reason to believe this date label was affixed by anyone other than library personnel
`
`on or about the date indicated by the label.
`
`32. Allowing for some time between the date label on the supplement to
`
`the October 2004 issue of Circulation and its appearance on library shelves, where
`
`it would be publicly available (for example in the reading room at the British
`
`Library for a limited time, and then available for circulation), it is my opinion that
`
`Document 1 was publicly available at least by December 2004.
`
`33. Attachment If is a true and accurate copy of the Scopus index record
`
`for a review article that cites Document 1: R. sulica and M. Poon, “Medical
`
`therapeutics for pulmonary arterial hypertension: from basic science and clinical
`
`ll
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`trial design to evidence—based medicine,” Expert Review of Cardiovascular
`
`Therapy, 3,3 (March 2005): 347—360 Attachment lf shows Document 1 as the
`
`51th item in its list of references.
`
`3.
`
`Conclusion
`
`34.
`
`Based on the evidence presented here—publication in a supplement to
`
`a widely held periodical, library processing, and citation—it is my opinion that
`
`Document 1 is an authentic document that was publicly available to
`
`researchers at least by December 2004. The citation evidence presented here
`
`indicates that Document 1 had been actually reviewed and cited to by researchers
`
`at least by March 2005
`
`Document 2. Hossein Ardeschi Ghofani, Robert Voswinckel, et al., “Neue
`Therapieoptionen in der Behandlung der pulmonalarteriellen
`Hypertonie,” Herz, 30,4 (June 2005): 296-302.
`
`1 .
`
`Authentication
`
`35. Document 2 is a research paper by Hossein Ghofani, Robert
`
`Voswinckel, and others published in the June 2005 issue of Herz.
`
`36. Attachment 2a is a true and accurate copy of Document 2 (along with
`
`the cover, issue title page, and issue contents page) from the Biomedical Library at
`
`the University of California at Los Angeles. Attachment 2b is a true and accurate
`
`copy of the University of California at Los Angeles Library catalog record for
`
`Herz, showing holdings that include Volume 30 of this periodical.
`
`12
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`37. Attachment 2a is in a condition that creates no suspicion about its
`
`authenticity. Specifically, Document 2 is not missing any intermediate pages of
`
`the article’s text, the text on each page appears to flow seamlessly from one page
`
`to the next, and there are no Visible alterations to the document. Attachment 2a
`
`. was found within the custody of a library — a place where, if authentic, it would
`
`likely be found.
`
`38. Document 2 is also readily available online. Attachment 2c is a true
`
`and accurate copy of the table of contents for the June 2005 issue of Herz,
`
`including Document 2, from SpringerLink, the online source for journals published
`
`by Springer Publishing, including Herz. Attachment 2d is a true and accurate copy.
`
`of Document 2 from SpringerLink—a place where, if authentic, Document 2
`
`would likely be found.
`
`39. Attachment 2e is the Scopus record for Document 2, showing the
`
`many indexed keywords by which an ordinarily skilled researcher, exercising
`
`reasonable diligence, could find Document 2.
`
`40.
`
`I conclude, based on finding Document 2 in a library and online and
`
`on finding library catalog records and online records for Document 2, that
`
`Document 2 is an authentic document and that Attachment 2a is an authentic copy
`
`of Document 2.
`
`2.
`
`Public Accessibility
`
`13
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`41. Attachment 2f is a true and accurate copy of the Statewide Illinois
`
`Library Catalog record for Herz, showing this periodical was first published in
`
`1976 and is held by 97 libraries world-wide. Attachment 2f also indicates that
`
`Herz was cataloged or indexed in a meaningful way—including being cataloged by
`
`subject. Thus, in my opinion, Herz was sufficiently accessible to the public
`
`interested in the art; and an ordinarily skilled researcher, exercising reasonable
`
`diligence, would have had no difficulty finding copies of Herz.
`
`42. Attachment 2a, from the University of California Library‘at Los
`
`Angeles, includes a library date stamp indicating that the June 2005 issue of Herz
`
`was processed on 22 June 2005. Based on my experience, I affirmthis date stamp
`
`has the general appearance of date stamps that libraries have long affixed to
`
`periodicals in processing them. I do not see any indications or have any reason to
`
`believe this date stamp was affixed by anyone other than library personnel on or
`
`about the date indicated by'the stamp.
`
`43. Allowing for some time between the date stamp on the June 2005
`
`issue of Herz and its appearance on library shelves, where it would be publicly
`
`available, it is my opinion that Document 2 was publicly available at least by early-
`
`July 2005.
`
`3.
`
`Conclusion
`
`14
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`44.
`
`Based on the evidence presented here—publication in the widely held
`
`periodical, library catalog records, online indexing and publication, library
`
`processing, and citation—it is my opinion that Document 2 is an authentic
`
`document that was publicly available to researchers at least by early July
`
`2005.
`
`V.
`
`ATTACHMENTS
`
`45.
`
`The attachments attached hereto are true and correct copies of the
`
`materials identified above. Helen Sullivan is a Managing Partner in Prior Art
`
`Documentation Services LLC (see http ://www.priorartdocumentation.corn/hellen—
`
`sullivan/ ). One of her primary responsibilities in our partnership is to secure the
`
`bibliographic documentation used in attachments to our declarations.
`
`46. Ms. Sullivan and I work in close collaboration on the bibliographic
`
`documentation needed in each declaration.
`
`I will sometimes request specific
`
`bibliographic documents or, more rarely, secure them myself. In all cases, I have
`
`carefully reviewed the bibliographic documentation used in my declaration. My
`
`signature on the declaration indicates my full confidence in the authenticity,
`
`accuracy, and reliability of the bibliographic documentation used.
`
`47.
`
`Each Attachment has been marked with an identifying label on the top
`
`of each page. However, no alterations other than these noted labels appear in these
`
`15
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`attachments, unless otherwise noted. All attachments were created on 9-16 June
`
`and all URLs referenced in'this declaration were available 16 June 2017.
`
`VI. CONCLUSION
`
`48.
`
`In summary, I have concluded that Document 1, discussed above, is
`
`an authentic document that was publicly accessible before 15 May 2005.
`
`I further
`
`conclude that Document 2, discussed above, is an authentic document that was
`
`publicly accessible before 15 May 2006.
`
`49.
`
`I reserve the right to supplement my opinions in the future to respond '
`
`to any arguments that Patent Owner or its expert(s) may raise and to take into
`
`' account new information as it becomes available to me.
`
`50.
`
`I declare that all statements made herein of my knowledge are true,
`
`and that all statements made on information and belief are believed to be true, and
`
`that these statements were made with the knowledge that willful false statements
`
`and the like so made are punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both, under
`
`Section 1001 of Title 18 of the United States Code.
`
`Executed this 20th day of June, 2017 in Urbana, Illinois.
`
`c§m Elafi
`
`
`
`Scott Bennett
`
`l6
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`Appendix A
`
`EMPLOYMENT
`
`SCOTT BENNETT
`
`Yale University Librarian Emeritus
`
`711 South Race
`
`Urbana, Illinois 61801-4132
`
`Zscottbbgw gmailcom
`217-367-9896
`
`Retired, 2001. Retirement activities include:
`Managing Partner in Prior Art Documentation Services, LLC, 2015-. This firm provides
`documentation services to patent attorneys; more information is available at
`
`http://www.priorartdocumentation.com
`Consultant on library space design, 2004— . This consulting practice is rooted in a research,
`publication, and public speaking program conducted since I retired from Yale University in
`2001.
`I have served more than 50 colleges and universities in the United States and abroad
`with projects ranging in likely cost from under $50,000 to over $100 million. More
`information is available at http://www.libraryspaceplanning.com/
`Senior Advisor for the library program of the Council of Independent Colleges, 2001-2009
`Member of the Wartburg College Library Advisory Board, 2004—
`Visiting Professor, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of
`Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Fall 2003
`
`University Librarian, Yale University, 1994-2001
`
`Director, The Milton S. Eisenhower Library, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland,
`1 989-1 994
`
`Assistant University Librarian for Collection Management, Northwestern University, Evanston,
`Illinois, 1981—1989
`
`Instructor, Assistant and Associate Professor of Library Administration, University of Illinois at
`Urbana-Champaign, 1974-1981
`
`Assistant Professor of English, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1967-1974
`
`Woodrow Wilson Teaching Intern, St. Paul’s College, Lawrenceville, Virginia, 1964~1965
`
`EDUCATION
`
`University of Illinois, MS, 1976 (Library Science)
`Indiana University, M.A., 1966; Ph.D., 1967 (English)
`Oberlin College, A.B. magna cum laude, 1960 (English)
`
`HONORS AND AWARDS
`
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`Morningside College (Sioux City, IA) Doctor of Humane Letters, 2010
`
`American Council of Learned Societies Fellowship, 1978-1979; Honorary Visiting Research
`Fellow, Victorian Studies Centre, University of Leicester, 1979; University of Illinois Summer
`Faculty Fellowship, 1969
`
`Indiana University Dissertation Year Fellowship and an Oberlin College Haskell Fellowship, 1966-
`1967; Woodrow Wilson National Fellow, 1960-1961
`
`PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES
`
`American Association for the Advancement of Science: Project on Intellectual Property and
`Electronic Publishing in Science, 1999-2001
`
`American Association of University Professors: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
`Chapter Secretary and President, 1975—1978»; Illinois Conference Vice President and President, 1978-
`1984; national Council, 1982-1985, Committee F, 1982-1986, Assembly of State Conferences
`Executive Committee, 1983—1986, and Committee H, 1997—2001 ; Northwestern University Chapter
`Secretary/Treasurer, 1985-1986
`
`Association of American Universities: Member of the Research Libraries Task Force on
`
`Intellectual Property Rights in an Electronic Environment, 1993-1994, 1995—1996 '
`
`Association of Research Libraries: Member of the Preservation Committee, 1990—1993; member of
`the Information Policy Committee, 1993-1995; member of the Working Group on Copyright, 1994-
`2001; member of the Research Library Leadership and Management Committee, 1999-2001; member
`of the Board of Directors, 1998—2000
`
`Carnegie Mellon University: Member of the University Libraries Advisory Board, 1994
`
`Center for Research Libraries: Program Committee, 1998-2000
`
`Johns Hopkins University Press: Ex-officio member of the Editorial Board, 1990-1994; Co-
`director of Project Muse, 1994
`
`Library Administration and Management Association, Public Relations Section, Friends of the
`Library Committee, 1977—1978
`
`Oberlin College: Member of the Library Visiting Committee, 1990, and of the Steering Committee
`for the library’s capital campaign, 1992-1993; President of the Library Friends, 1992—1993, 2004-
`2005; member, Friends of the Library Council, 2003-
`
`Research Society for Victorian Periodicals: Executive Board, 1971-1983; Co-chairperson of the
`Executive Committee on Serials Bibliography, 1976-1982; President, 1977—1982
`
`A Selected Edition of W.D. Howells (one of several editions sponsored by the MLA Center for
`Editions of American Authors): Associate Textual Editor, 1965-1970; Center for Editions of
`American Authors panel of textual experts, 1968—1970
`
`Victorian Studies: Editorial Assistant and Managing Editor, 1962-1964
`
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`Wartburg College: member, National Advisory Board for the Vogel Library, 2004—
`
`Some other activities: Member of the Illinois State Library Statewide Library and Archival
`Preservation Advisory Panel; member of the Illinois State Archives Advisory Board; member of a
`committee advising the Illinois Board of Higher Education on the cooperative management of
`research collections; chair of a major collaborative research project conducted by the Research
`Libraries Group with support from Conoco, Inc.; active advisor on behalf of the Illinois
`Conference AAUP to faculty and administrators on academic freedom and tenure matters in northern
`Illinois.
`
`Delegate to Maryland Governor’s Conference on Libraries and Information Service; principal in
`initiating state—wide preservation planning in Maryland; principal in an effort to widen the use of
`mass deacidification for the preservation of library materials through cooperative action by the
`Association of Research Libraries and the Committee on Institutional Cooperation; co-instigator
`of a campus-wide information service for Johns Hopkins University; initiated efforts with the
`Enoch Pratt Free Library to provide information services to Baltimore’s Empowerment Zones;
`speaker or panelist on academic publishing, copyright, scholarly communication, national and
`regional preservation planning, mass deacidification.
`
`Consultant for the University of British Columbia (1995), Princeton University (1996), Modern
`Language Association, (1995, 1996), Library of Congress (1997), Center for Jewish History
`(1998, 2000—), National Research Council (1998); Board of Directors for the Digital Library
`Federation, 1996—2001; accreditation visiting team at Brandeis University (1997); mentor for
`Northern Exposure to Leadership (1997); instructor and mentor for ARL’s Leadership and
`Career Development Program (1999-2000)
`
`At the Northwestern University Library, led in the creation of a preservation department and in the
`renovation of the renovation, for preservation purposes, of the Deering Library book stacks.
`
`At the Milton S. Eisenhower Library, led the refocusing and vitalization of client-centered services;
`strategic planning and organizational restructuring for the library; building renovation planning.
`Successfully completed a $5 million endowment campaign for the humanities collections and
`launched a $27 million capital campaign for the library.
`
`At the Yale University Library, participated widely in campus—space planning, university budget
`planning, information technology development, and the promotion of effective teaching and learning;
`for the library has exercised leadership in space planning and renovation, retrospective conversion of
`the card catalog, preservation, organizational development, recruitment of minority librarians,
`intellectual property and copyright issues, scholarly communication,