I IIIII IIIIIIII Ill lllll lllll lllll lllll lllll lllll lllll lllll 111111111111111111
`US007243236B 1
`
`c12) United States Patent
`Sibert
`
`(IO) Patent No.:
`(45) Date of Patent:
`
`US 7,243,236 Bl
`Jul. 10, 2007
`
`(54) SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR USING
`CRYPTOGRAPHY TO PROTECT SECURE
`AND INSECURE COMPUTING
`ENVIRONMENTS
`
`(75)
`
`Inventor: W. Olin Sibert, Lexington, MA (US)
`
`(73) Assignee: Intertrust Technologies Corp.,
`Sunnyvale, CA (US)
`
`( *) Notice:
`
`Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this
`patent is extended or adjusted under 35
`U.S.C. 154(b) by 544 days.
`
`OTHER PUBLICATIONS
`
`Shimshon Berkovits, et al., Authentication of Mobile Agents,
`Mobile Agents and Security, Springer-Verlag, Giovanni Vigna, Ed.,
`1998, pp. 114-136.
`
`(Continued)
`
`Primary Examiner-Nasser Moazzami
`Assistant Examiner----Carl Colin
`(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Finnegan, Henderson,
`Farabow, Garrett & Dunner LLP
`
`(21) Appl. No.: 09/628,692
`
`(22) Filed:
`
`Jul. 28, 2000
`
`Related U.S. Application Data
`
`(60) Provisional application No. 60/146,426, filed on Jul.
`29, 1999.
`
`(51)
`
`Int. Cl.
`H04L 9/00
`(2006.01)
`(52) U.S. Cl. ...................... 713/179; 713/168; 713/169;
`726/2; 380/255; 702/35
`( 58) Field of Classification Search ... ... ... ... .. .. 719/331;
`713/201, 179; 62/259.2; 324/760
`See application file for complete search history.
`
`(56)
`
`References Cited
`
`U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
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`(Continued)
`
`AU
`
`FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
`A-36815/97
`2/1998
`(Continued)
`
`(57)
`
`ABSTRACT
`
`Computation environments are protected from bogus or
`rogue load modules, executables, and other data elements
`through use of digital signatures, seals, and certificates
`issued by a verifying authority. A verifying authority(cid:173)
`which may be a trusted independent third party-tests the
`load modules and/or other items to verify that their corre(cid:173)
`sponding specifications are accurate and complete, and then
`digitally signs them based on a tamper resistance work
`factor classification. Secure computation environments with
`different tamper resistance work factors use different digital
`signature authentication techniques ( e.g., different signature
`algorithms and/or signature verification keys), allowing one
`tamper resistance work factor environment to protect itself
`against load modules from another tamper resistance work
`factor environment. The verifying authority can provide an
`application intended for insecure environments with a cre(cid:173)
`dential having multiple elements covering different parts of
`the application. To verify the application, a trusted element
`can issue challenges based on different parts of the authen(cid:173)
`ticated credential that the trusted element selects in an
`unpredictable (e.g., random) way, and deny service (or take
`other appropriate action) if the responses do not match the
`authenticated credential.
`
`27 Claims, 28 Drawing Sheets
`
`EXAMPLE CREDENTIAL VALIDATION
`
`Page 1 of 50
`
`GOOGLE EXHIBIT 1015
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`

`

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`US 7,243,236 Bl
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`Page 2 of 50
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`US 7,243,236 Bl
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`07-141138
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`WO 90/02382
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`WO
`WO
`WO
`WO
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`WO 97/03423
`WO 97/07656
`WO 97/25816
`WO 97/32251
`WO 97/43761
`WO 97/48203
`WO 98/09209
`WO 98/10381
`WO 98/37481
`WO 98/45768
`WO 99/01815
`WO 99/24928
`WO 99/48296
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`1/1997
`3/1997
`7 /1997
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`11/1997
`12/1997
`3/1998
`3/1998
`8/1998
`10/1998
`1/1999
`5/1999
`9/1999
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