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`IBM i 6.1
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`Products
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`Network communications
`Networking
`Local area network standards
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`Getting started with System i communications
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`Common networking standards
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`Token-ring networks
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`A token-ring network is a local area network (LAN) topology that sends data in one direction throughout a specified number of
`locations by using a token.
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`The token is the symbol of authority for control of the transmission line. This token allows any sending station in the network (ring) to
`send data when the token arrives at that location.
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`Stations in a token-ring network are physically connected, typically in a star-wired ring topology, to a wiring concentrator such as the
`IBM® 8228 Multistation Access Unit. The concentrator serves as a logical ring around which data is transmitted at 4 million, 16
`million, or 100 million bits per second (Mbps). Each station is connected to the concentrator typically by shielded twisted pair (STP)
`cabling.
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`Full-duplex token ring
`In full-duplex token ring, which is also called DTR (dedicated token ring), switching hubs enable stations to send and
`receive data on the network simultaneously. A token-ring switching hub divides the network into smaller segments. When a
`station transmits its data packet, the token-ring switch reads the packet's destination address information and forwards the
`data directly to the receiving station. The switch then establishes a dedicated connection between the two stations,
`enabling data to be transmitted and received at the same time. In full-duplex token ring, the token-passing protocol is
`suspended. The network in effect becomes a 'tokenless' token ring. Full-duplex token ring increases sending and receiving
`bandwidth for connected stations, improving network performance.
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`English
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`https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/ssw_ibm_i_61/rzajt/rzajttrncon.htm
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`10/12/2017
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`Patent Owner Acceleration Bay, LLC - Ex. 2012, p. 1
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`IBM Knowledge Center - Token-ring networks
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`Page 2 of 2
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`https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/ssw_ibm_i_61/rzajt/rzajttrncon.htm
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`10/12/2017
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`Patent Owner Acceleration Bay, LLC - Ex. 2012, p. 2
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